Sync source code from Tizen:BaseHEAD2.0_alphamaster2.0alpha1.0_post

22 files changed, 18833 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/db_sql/buildpt.c b/db_sql/buildpt.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44cb42a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/buildpt.c
@@ -0,0 +1,910 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * The functions in this compilation unit are those related to
+ * building the schema model during the parsing of a SQL source file.
+ * Most of the functions that have name beginning with "sqlite3..."
+ * are invoked by the sqlite parser as it recognizes bits of syntax.
+ */
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+
+#include "db_sql.h"
+
+DB_SCHEMA the_schema;
+PARSE_PROGRESS the_parse_progress;
+int maxbinsz; /* keeps track of the largest binary field */
+
+/* 
+ * Extract a name from sqlite token structure.  Returns allocated memory.
+ */
+
+static char *
+name_from_token(t, pParse)
+	Token *t;
+	Parse *pParse;
+{
+	char *s;
+
+	if (t == NULL || t->n <= 0) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+		    "Extracting name from a null or empty token");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	s = calloc(1, t->n + 1);
+	if (s == NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Malloc failed");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+			    
+	memcpy(s, (char*)t->z, t->n);
+	sqlite3Dequote(s);
+
+	return s;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocate, populate, and return memory for an ENTITY struct.  If
+ * there is a malloc failure, set an error message in the Parse
+ * object and return NULL.
+ */ 
+static ENTITY *
+make_entity(name, pParse)
+        char *name;
+        Parse *pParse;
+{
+	ENTITY *entity;
+
+	entity = calloc(1, sizeof(ENTITY));
+	if (entity == NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Malloc failed");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	entity->name = name;
+	entity->line_number = line_number;
+	entity->dbtype = "DB_BTREE";
+	return entity;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocate, populate, and return memory for an ATTRIBUTE struct.  If
+ * there is a malloc failure, set an error message in the Parse
+ * object and return NULL.
+ */ 
+static ATTRIBUTE *
+make_attribute(name, pParse)
+        char *name;
+        Parse *pParse;
+{
+	ATTRIBUTE *attribute;
+
+	attribute = calloc(1, sizeof(ATTRIBUTE));
+	if (attribute == NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Malloc failed");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	attribute->name = name;
+	return attribute;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocate, populate, and return memory for an ATTR_TYPE struct.  If
+ * there is a malloc failure, set an error message in the Parse
+ * object and return NULL.
+ */ 
+static ATTR_TYPE *
+make_attrtype(token, ctype, dimension, is_array, is_string, pParse)
+        char *token;
+        char *ctype;
+        int dimension;
+	int is_array;
+	int is_string;
+	Parse *pParse;
+{
+	ATTR_TYPE *type;
+
+        type = calloc(1, sizeof(ATTR_TYPE));
+	if (type == NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Malloc failed");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	type->sql_token = token;
+	type->c_type = ctype;
+	type->array_dim = dimension;
+	type->is_array = is_array;
+	type->is_string = is_string;
+	return type;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Allocate, populate, and return memory for an DB_INDEX struct.  If
+ * there is a malloc failure, set the error message in the Parse
+ * object and return NULL.
+ */ 
+static DB_INDEX *
+make_index(name, primary, attribute, pParse)
+        char *name;
+	ENTITY *primary;
+	ATTRIBUTE *attribute;
+	Parse *pParse;
+{
+	DB_INDEX *idx;
+
+	idx = calloc(1, sizeof(DB_INDEX));
+	if (idx == NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Malloc failed");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	idx->name = name;
+	idx->primary = primary;
+	idx->attribute = attribute;
+        idx->line_number = line_number;
+	idx->dbtype = "DB_BTREE";
+
+	return idx;
+}
+
+static void
+add_entity(entity)
+	ENTITY *entity;
+{
+	if (the_schema.entities_tail == NULL)
+		the_schema.entities_tail = the_schema.entities_head = entity;
+	else {
+		the_schema.entities_tail->next = entity;
+		the_schema.entities_tail = entity;
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+add_index(idx)
+	DB_INDEX *idx;
+{
+	if (the_schema.indexes_tail == NULL)
+		the_schema.indexes_tail = the_schema.indexes_head = idx;
+	else {
+		the_schema.indexes_tail->next = idx;
+		the_schema.indexes_tail = idx;
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+add_attribute(entity, attr)
+	ENTITY *entity;
+	ATTRIBUTE * attr;
+{
+	if (entity->attributes_tail == NULL) {
+		entity->attributes_head = entity->attributes_tail = attr;
+	} else {
+		entity->attributes_tail->next = attr;
+		entity->attributes_tail = attr;
+	}
+}
+
+static ENTITY *
+get_current_entity()
+{
+	/*
+	 * The entity under construction is always at the tail of the
+	 *  entity list
+	 */
+	ENTITY *entity = the_schema.entities_tail;
+	assert(entity);
+
+	return entity;
+}
+
+static ATTRIBUTE *
+get_current_attribute()
+{
+	ENTITY *entity;
+	ATTRIBUTE *attr;
+
+	/*
+	 * The attribute under construction is always at the tail of
+	 * the attribute list belonging to the entity at the tail of
+	 * the entity list.
+	 */
+	entity = get_current_entity();
+	attr = entity->attributes_tail;
+	assert(attr);
+	return attr;
+}
+
+static ENTITY *
+get_entity_by_name(sought_name)
+char *sought_name;
+{
+	ENTITY *e;
+
+	for (e = the_schema.entities_head; e; e = e->next)
+		if (strcasecmp(sought_name, e->name) == 0)
+			return e;
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static ATTRIBUTE *
+get_attribute_by_name(in_entity, sought_name)
+ENTITY * in_entity;
+char *sought_name;
+{
+	ATTRIBUTE *a;
+	for (a = in_entity->attributes_head; a; a = a->next)
+		if (strcasecmp(sought_name, a->name) == 0)
+			return a;
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static DB_INDEX *
+get_index_by_name(sought_name)
+char *sought_name;
+{
+	DB_INDEX *idx;
+
+	for (idx = the_schema.indexes_head; idx; idx = idx->next)
+		if (strcasecmp(sought_name, idx->name) == 0)
+			return idx;
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void
+sqlite3BeginParse(Parse *pParse, int explainFlag)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pParse, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(explainFlag, 0);
+	/* no-op */
+}
+
+void
+bdb_create_database(Token *name, Parse *pParse) {
+	if (the_schema.environment.name != NULL)
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+		    "Encountered two CREATE DATABASE statements; only one \
+is allowed");
+
+        if ((the_schema.environment.name = 
+	    name_from_token(name, pParse)) == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	the_schema.environment.line_number = line_number;
+	the_schema.environment.cache_size = 0;
+
+	the_parse_progress.last_event = PE_ENVIRONMENT;
+}
+
+
+void
+sqlite3StartTable(pParse, pName1, pName2, isTemp, isView, isVirtual, noErr)
+	Parse *pParse;   /* Parser context */
+	Token *pName1;   /* First part of the name of the table or view */
+	Token *pName2;   /* Second part of the name of the table or view */
+	int isTemp;      /* True if this is a TEMP table */
+	int isView;      /* True if this is a VIEW */
+	int isVirtual;   /* True if this is a VIRTUAL table */
+	int noErr;       /* Do nothing if table already exists */
+{
+	char *name, *name2;
+	ENTITY *entity;
+	DB_INDEX *idx;
+
+	COMPQUIET(isTemp, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(isView, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(isVirtual, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(noErr, 0);
+
+	if (the_schema.environment.name == NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+		    "Please specify CREATE DATABASE before CREATE TABLE");
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if ((name = name_from_token(pName1, pParse)) == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	/*
+	 * We don't allow the second pName, for now.  Note for future
+	 * reference: if pName2 is set, then pName1 is the database
+	 * name, and pname2 is the table name.
+	 */
+	name2 = NULL;
+
+	if (! (pName2 == NULL || pName2->n == 0) ) {
+		name2 = name_from_token(pName2, pParse);
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+		    "The table name must be simple: %s.%s",
+		    name, name2);
+		goto free_allocated_on_error;
+	}
+
+	if ((entity = get_entity_by_name(name)) != NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+		    "Found two declarations of a table named %s, at lines \
+%d and %d",
+		    name, entity->line_number, line_number);
+		goto free_allocated_on_error;
+	}
+
+	if ((idx = get_index_by_name(name)) != NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+		    "The entity named %s on line %d has the same name as \
+the index at line %d.  This is not allowed.",
+		    name, line_number, idx->line_number);
+		goto free_allocated_on_error;
+	}
+
+	if ((entity = make_entity(name, pParse)) == NULL)
+		goto free_allocated_on_error;
+
+	the_parse_progress.last_event = PE_ENTITY;
+	the_parse_progress.last_entity = entity;
+	add_entity(entity);
+
+	return;
+
+free_allocated_on_error:
+	if (name != NULL) free(name);
+	if (name2 != NULL) free(name2);
+}
+
+void
+sqlite3AddColumn(Parse *pParse, Token *pName)
+{
+	ENTITY *entity;
+	ATTRIBUTE *attr;
+	char *name;
+
+	if ((name = name_from_token(pName, pParse)) == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	entity = get_current_entity();
+
+	if ((attr = get_attribute_by_name(entity, name)) != NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+		    "The table %s contains two columns with the same name %s; \
+this is not allowed.",
+		    entity->name, name);
+		goto free_allocated_on_error;
+	}
+
+	if ((attr = make_attribute(name, pParse)) == NULL)
+		goto free_allocated_on_error;
+  
+	the_parse_progress.last_event = PE_ATTRIBUTE;
+	the_parse_progress.last_attribute = attr;
+	add_attribute(entity, attr);
+
+	return;
+
+free_allocated_on_error:
+	if (name != NULL) free(name);
+}
+
+static void
+delete_spaces(char *s) {
+	char *p;
+
+        p = s;
+	while(*p) {
+		if (!isspace(*p))
+			*s++ = *p;
+		*p++;
+	}
+	*s = *p;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function maps SQL types into the closest equivalent
+ * available using plain C-language types.
+ */
+static ATTR_TYPE *
+map_sql_type(pParse, token)
+        Parse *pParse;
+	char *token;
+{
+        int dimension, scale, is_array, is_string;
+	size_t len;
+	char *p, *q;
+	ATTR_TYPE *type;
+	char *t;
+	char *ctype;
+
+        ctype = NULL;
+	type = NULL;
+	scale = 0;
+	len = strlen(token) + 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Make a copy of the original token, so that we can modify it
+	 * to remove spaces, and break it up into multiple strings by
+	 * inserting null characters.
+	 */
+	t = malloc(len);
+	if (t == NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Malloc failed");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	memcpy(t, token, len);
+
+	dimension = 0;
+	is_array = 0;
+	is_string = 0;
+  
+	delete_spaces(t); /* Remove any spaces that t might contain. */
+
+	/*
+	 * If t contains a parenthesis, then it is a SQL type that has
+	 * either a dimension, such as VARCHAR(255); or a precision,
+	 * and possibly a scale, such as NUMBER(15, 2).  We need to
+	 * extract these values.  Sqlite's parser does not decompose
+	 * these tokens for us.
+	 */
+
+	if ((p = strchr(t, '(')) != NULL) {
+		/*
+		 * Split the token into two strings by replacing the
+		 * parenthesis with a null character.  The pointer t
+		 * is now a simple type name, and p points to the
+		 * first parenthesized parameter.
+		 */
+		*p++ = '\0';
+
+		/*
+		 * There should be a right paren somewhere.  
+		 * Actually, the parser probably guarantees this at least.
+		 */
+		if ((q = strchr(p, ')')) == NULL) {
+			sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+			    "Missing right parenthesis in type expression %s\n",
+			    token);
+			goto free_allocated_on_error;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * null the paren, to make the parameter list a
+		 * null-terminated string
+		 */
+		*q = '\0';
+
+		/*
+		 * Is there a comma in the parameter list? If so,
+		 * we'll isolate the first parameter
+		 */
+		if ((q = strchr(p, ',')) != NULL)
+			*q++ = '\0';  /* q now points to the second param */
+
+		dimension = atoi(p);
+
+		if (dimension == 0) {
+			sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+			    "Non-numeric or zero size parameter in type \
+expression %s\n",
+			    token);
+			goto free_allocated_on_error;
+		}
+		/* If there was a second parameter, parse it */
+		scale = 0;
+		if (q != NULL && *q != '\0') {
+			if (strchr(q, ',') == NULL && isdigit(*q)) {
+				scale = atoi(q);
+			} else {
+				sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+				    "Unexpected value for second parameter in \
+type expression %s\n",
+				    token);
+				goto free_allocated_on_error;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* OK, now the simple mapping. */
+
+	q = t;
+	while(*q) {
+		*q = tolower(*q);
+		q++;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(t, "bin") == 0) {
+		ctype = "char";
+		is_array = 1;
+	} else if (strcmp(t, "varbin") == 0) {
+		ctype = "char";
+		is_array = 1;
+	} else if (strcmp(t, "char") == 0) {
+		ctype = "char";
+		is_array = 1;
+		is_string = 1;
+	} else if (strcmp(t, "varchar") == 0) {
+		ctype = "char";
+		is_array = 1;
+		is_string = 1;
+	} else if (strcmp(t, "varchar2") == 0) {
+		ctype = "char";
+		is_array = 1;
+		is_string = 1;
+	} else if (strcmp(t, "bit") == 0)
+		ctype = "char";
+	else if (strcmp(t, "tinyint") == 0)
+		ctype = "char";
+	else if (strcmp(t, "smallint") == 0)
+		ctype = "short";
+	else if (strcmp(t, "integer") == 0)
+		ctype = "int";
+	else if (strcmp(t, "int") == 0)
+		ctype = "int";
+	else if (strcmp(t, "bigint") == 0)
+		ctype = "long";
+	else if (strcmp(t, "real") == 0)
+		ctype = "float";
+	else if (strcmp(t, "double") == 0)
+		ctype = "double";
+	else if (strcmp(t, "float") == 0)
+		ctype = "double";
+	else if (strcmp(t, "decimal") == 0)
+		ctype = "double";
+	else if (strcmp(t, "numeric") == 0)
+		ctype = "double";
+	else if (strcmp(t, "number") == 0 ) {
+		/*
+		 * Oracle Number type: if scale is zero, it's an integer.
+		 * Otherwise, call it a floating point
+		 */
+		if (scale == 0) {
+			/* A 10 digit decimal needs a long */
+			if (dimension < 9)
+				ctype = "int";
+			else
+				ctype = "long";
+		} else {
+			if (dimension < 7 )
+				ctype = "float";
+			else
+				ctype = "double";
+		}
+	}
+	else {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+		    "Unsupported type %s\n",
+		    token);
+		goto free_allocated_on_error;
+	}
+
+	if (is_array) {
+		if (dimension < 1) {
+			sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+			    "Zero dimension not allowed for %s", 
+			    token);
+			goto free_allocated_on_error;
+		}
+		if ((!is_string) && dimension > maxbinsz)
+			maxbinsz = dimension;
+	}
+
+	if (is_string && dimension < 2)
+		fprintf(stderr, 
+		    "Warning: dimension of string \"%s %s\" \
+is too small to hold a null-terminated string.",
+		    get_current_attribute()->name, token);
+
+	type = make_attrtype(token, ctype, dimension, is_array,
+	    is_string, pParse);
+
+free_allocated_on_error:
+	free(t);
+
+	/* Type will be NULL unless make_attrtype was called, and succeeded. */
+	return(type);
+}
+
+void
+sqlite3AddColumnType(pParse, pType)
+	Parse *pParse;
+	Token *pType;
+{
+	char *type;
+	ATTRIBUTE *attr;
+
+        if ((type = name_from_token(pType, pParse)) == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	attr = get_current_attribute();
+  
+	attr->type = map_sql_type(pParse, type);
+}
+  
+void
+sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse, pList, onError, autoInc, sortOrder)
+	Parse *pParse;    /* Parsing context */
+	ExprList *pList;  /* List of field names to be indexed */
+	int onError;      /* What to do with a uniqueness conflict */
+	int autoInc;      /* True if the AUTOINCREMENT keyword is present */
+	int sortOrder;    /* SQLITE_SO_ASC or SQLITE_SO_DESC */
+{
+	ENTITY *entity;
+	ATTRIBUTE *attr;
+
+	COMPQUIET(pParse, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pList, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(onError, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(autoInc, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(sortOrder, 0);
+
+	entity = get_current_entity();
+	attr = get_current_attribute();
+	entity->primary_key = attr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Add a new element to the end of an expression list.  If pList is
+ * initially NULL, then create a new expression list.
+ */
+ExprList *
+sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, pList, pExpr, pName)
+        Parse *pParse;          /* Parsing context */
+	ExprList *pList;        /* List to which to append. Might be NULL */
+	Expr *pExpr;            /* Expression to be appended */
+	Token *pName;           /* AS keyword for the expression */
+{
+	if( pList == NULL ) {
+		pList = calloc(1, sizeof(ExprList));
+		if (pList == NULL) {
+			sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Malloc failed");
+			return NULL;
+		}
+	}
+	if (pList->nAlloc <= pList->nExpr) {
+		struct ExprList_item *a;
+		int n = pList->nAlloc*2 + 4;
+		a = realloc(pList->a, n * sizeof(pList->a[0]));
+		if( a == NULL ) {
+			sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Malloc failed");
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		pList->a = a;
+		pList->nAlloc = n;
+	}
+
+	if( pExpr || pName ){
+		struct ExprList_item *pItem = &pList->a[pList->nExpr++];
+		memset(pItem, 0, sizeof(*pItem));
+		if ((pItem->zName = name_from_token(pName, pParse)) == NULL) {
+			pList->nExpr --; /* undo allocation of pItem */
+			return pList;
+		}
+		pItem->pExpr = pExpr;
+	}
+	return pList;
+}
+  
+void
+sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(pParse, pElist, zObject)
+	Parse *pParse;
+	ExprList *pElist;
+	const char *zObject;
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pParse, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pElist, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(zObject, NULL);
+	/* no-op */
+}
+
+/*
+ * Append a new table name to the given SrcList.  Create a new SrcList
+ * if need be.  If pList is initially NULL, then create a new
+ * src list.
+ *
+ * We don't have a Parse object here, so we can't use name_from_token,
+ * or report an error via the usual Parse.rc mechanism.  Just emit a
+ * message on stderr if there is a problem.  Returning NULL from this
+ * function will cause the parser to fail, so any message we print
+ * here will be followed by the usual syntax error message.
+ */
+
+SrcList *
+sqlite3SrcListAppend(db, pList, pTable, pDatabase)
+        sqlite3 *db;        /* unused */
+	SrcList *pList;     /* Append to this SrcList */
+	Token *pTable;      /* Table to append */
+	Token *pDatabase;   /* Database of the table, not used at this time */
+{
+	struct SrcList_item *pItem;
+	char *table_name;
+
+	COMPQUIET(db, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pDatabase, NULL);
+
+	table_name = NULL;
+	
+	if (pList == NULL) {
+		pList = calloc(1, sizeof(SrcList));
+		if (pList == NULL) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Malloc failure\n");
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+		pList->nAlloc = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (pList->nSrc >= pList->nAlloc) {
+		SrcList *pNew;
+		pList->nAlloc *= 2;
+		pNew = realloc(pList,
+		    sizeof(*pList) + (pList->nAlloc-1)*sizeof(pList->a[0]));
+		if (pNew == NULL) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Malloc failure\n");
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+		pList = pNew;
+	}
+
+	pItem = &pList->a[pList->nSrc];
+	memset(pItem, 0, sizeof(pList->a[0]));
+
+	if (pTable == NULL || pTable->n <= 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		    "Extracting name from a null or empty token\n");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	table_name = calloc(1, pTable->n + 1);
+	if (table_name == NULL) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Malloc failure\n");
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	
+	memcpy(table_name, (char*)pTable->z, pTable->n);
+	pItem->zName = table_name;
+	pItem->zDatabase = NULL;
+	pItem->iCursor = -1;
+	pItem->isPopulated = 0;
+	pList->nSrc++;
+
+	return pList;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We parse, and allow, foreign key constraints, but currently do not
+ * use them.
+ */
+void
+sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse, pFromCol, pTo, pToCol, flags)
+	Parse *pParse;       /* Parsing context */
+	ExprList *pFromCol;  /* Columns in that reference other table */
+	Token *pTo;          /* Name of the other table */
+	ExprList *pToCol;    /* Columns in the other table */
+	int flags;           /* Conflict resolution algorithms. */
+{
+	char * s;
+
+	COMPQUIET(flags, 0);
+
+	if (debug) {
+		if ((s = name_from_token(pTo, pParse)) == NULL)
+			return;
+		fprintf(stderr, "Foreign Key Constraint not implemented: \
+FromTable %s FromCol %s ToTable %s ToCol %s\n", 
+		    get_current_entity()->name, pFromCol->a->zName,
+		    s, pToCol->a->zName);
+		free(s);
+	}
+}
+
+void
+sqlite3DeferForeignKey(Parse *pParse, int isDeferred)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pParse, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(isDeferred, 0);
+	/* no-op */
+}
+
+void
+sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse, pName1, pName2, pTblName, pList, 
+    onError, pStart, pEnd, sortOrder, ifNotExist)
+	Parse *pParse;     /* All information about this parse */
+	Token *pName1;     /* First part of index name. May be NULL */
+	Token *pName2;     /* Second part of index name. May be NULL */
+	SrcList *pTblName; /* Table to index. Use pParse->pNewTable if 0 */
+	ExprList *pList;   /* A list of columns to be indexed */
+	int onError;       /* OE_Abort, OE_Ignore, OE_Replace, or OE_None */
+	Token *pStart;     /* The CREATE token that begins this statement */
+	Token *pEnd;       /* The ")" that closes the CREATE INDEX statement */
+	int sortOrder;     /* Sort order of primary key when pList==NULL */
+	int ifNotExist;    /* Omit error if index already exists */
+{
+	ENTITY *e, *extra_entity;
+	ATTRIBUTE *a;
+	DB_INDEX *idx;
+	char *entity_name, *attribute_name, *index_name;
+
+	COMPQUIET(pName2, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(onError, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(pStart, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pEnd, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(sortOrder, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(ifNotExist, 0);
+
+	entity_name = pTblName->a->zName;
+	attribute_name = pList->a->zName;
+	if ((index_name = name_from_token(pName1, pParse)) == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	e = get_entity_by_name(entity_name);
+	if (e == NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "Index %s names unknown table %s",
+		    index_name, entity_name);
+		goto free_allocated_on_error;
+	}
+
+	a = get_attribute_by_name(e, attribute_name);
+	if (a == NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, 
+		    "Index %s names unknown column %s in table %s",
+		    index_name, attribute_name, entity_name);
+		goto free_allocated_on_error;;
+	}
+
+	if ((idx = get_index_by_name(index_name)) != NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+		    "Found two declarations of an index named %s, \
+at lines %d and %d",
+		    index_name, idx->line_number, line_number);
+		goto free_allocated_on_error;;
+	}
+
+	if ((extra_entity = get_entity_by_name(index_name)) != NULL) {
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse,
+		    "The index named %s on line %d has the same name as the \
+table at line %d.  This is not allowed.",
+		    index_name, line_number, 
+		    extra_entity->line_number);
+		goto free_allocated_on_error;
+	}
+
+	if ((idx = make_index(index_name, e, a, pParse)) == NULL)
+		goto free_allocated_on_error;
+
+	the_parse_progress.last_event = PE_INDEX;
+	the_parse_progress.last_index = idx;
+	add_index(idx);
+
+	return;
+
+free_allocated_on_error:
+	if (index_name != NULL)
+		free(index_name);
+}
+
+void sqlite3EndTable(pParse, pCons, pEnd, pSelect)
+	Parse *pParse;          /* Parse context */
+	Token *pCons;           /* The ',' token after the last column defn. */
+	Token *pEnd;            /* The final ')' token in the CREATE TABLE */
+	Select *pSelect;        /* Select from a "CREATE ... AS SELECT" */
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pParse, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pCons, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pEnd, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pSelect, NULL);
+	the_parse_progress.last_event = PE_ENTITY;
+}
+
+void
+sqlite3FinishCoding(pParse)
+	Parse *pParse;
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pParse, NULL);
+	/* no-op */
+}
diff --git a/db_sql/db_sql.c b/db_sql/db_sql.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..695be1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/db_sql.c
@@ -0,0 +1,377 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This is the entry function of the db_sql command.  Db_sql is a
+ * utility program that translates a schema description written in a
+ * SQL Data Definition Language dialect into C code that implements
+ * the schema using Berkeley DB.
+ */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include "db_sql.h"
+
+extern int getopt(int, char *const [], const char *);
+static int usage(char *);
+static char * change_extension(char *path, char *extension);
+static int read_and_parse(FILE *fp);
+
+char *progname = "db_sql";
+int line_number = 0;
+int debug = 0;
+
+int
+main(argc,argv)
+	int argc;
+	char **argv;
+{
+	extern char *optarg;
+	extern int optind;
+	int opt, free_ofilename, free_hfilename;
+	FILE *ifile, *hfile, *ofile, *tfile, *vfile;
+	char *ifilename, *hfilename, *ofilename, *tfilename, *vfilename;
+
+	ifilename = hfilename = ofilename = tfilename = vfilename = NULL;
+	free_ofilename = free_hfilename = 0;
+
+	progname = argv[0];
+
+	/* parse the command line switches */
+
+	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "i:t:o:h:dv:")) != -1) {
+		switch(opt) {
+		case 'i':              /* input file name */
+			ifilename = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'h':              /* header output file name */
+			hfilename = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'o':              /* output file name */
+			ofilename = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 't':              /* test code output file name */
+			tfilename = optarg;
+			break;
+		case 'd':
+			debug = 1;
+			break;
+		case 'v':              /* verification code output file name */
+			vfilename = optarg;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return(usage(0));
+		}
+	}
+
+	argc -= optind;
+	argv += optind;
+
+	if (argc != 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, 
+			"extra argument %s after switch arguments\n", *argv);
+		return(usage(0));
+	}
+
+	if (ifilename == NULL)
+		ifile = stdin;
+	else
+		if ((ifile = fopen(ifilename, "r")) == NULL)
+			return(usage(ifilename));
+
+	/* if ofilename wasn't given, use ifilename with a .c extension */
+
+	if (ofilename == NULL && ifilename != NULL) {
+		ofilename = change_extension(ifilename, "c");
+		free_ofilename = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (ofilename == NULL)
+		ofile = stdout;
+	else
+		if ((ofile = fopen(ofilename, "w")) == NULL)
+			return(usage(ofilename));
+
+	/* if hfilename wasn't given, use ofilename with a .h extension */
+
+	if (hfilename == NULL && ofilename != NULL) {
+		hfilename = change_extension(ofilename, "h");
+		free_hfilename = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (hfilename == NULL)
+		hfile = stdout;
+	else
+		if ((hfile = fopen(hfilename, "w")) == NULL)
+			return(usage(hfilename));
+
+	/*
+	 * if tfile wasn't given, we won't generate the test code.
+	 *  tfile == null turns off test code generation
+	 */
+	if (tfilename == NULL)
+		tfile = 0;
+	else {
+		if (hfilename == NULL) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+			    "Can't produce test when streaming to stdout\n");
+			return(usage(0));
+		}
+		if ((tfile = fopen(tfilename, "w")) == NULL)
+			return(usage(tfilename));
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Verification files are generated for internal testing purposes, 
+	 * they are similar to the test output file. This functionality is
+	 * not targeted at end users, so is not documented.
+	 */
+	if (vfilename == NULL)
+		vfile = 0;
+	else {
+		if (hfilename == NULL) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+			    "Can't produce verify when streaming to stdout\n");
+			return(usage(0));
+		}
+		if ((vfile = fopen(vfilename, "w")) == NULL)
+			return(usage(vfilename));
+	}
+
+	if (read_and_parse(ifile))
+		exit(1);
+
+	generate(hfile, ofile, tfile, vfile, hfilename);
+
+	/* clean up the allocated memory */
+	if (free_ofilename)
+		free(ofilename);
+	if (free_hfilename)
+		free(hfilename);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Scan input buffer for a semicolon that is not in a comment.
+ * Later, this may need to notice quotes as well.
+ */
+static char *
+scan_for_rightmost_semicolon(p)
+	char *p;
+{
+	static enum scanner_state {
+		IDLE = 0, GOT_SLASH = 1, IN_SLASHSTAR_COMMENT = 2,
+		GOT_STAR = 3, GOT_HYPHEN = 4, IN_HYPHHYPH_COMMENT = 5
+	} state = IDLE;
+
+	char *result;
+
+	result = NULL;
+
+	if (p == NULL || *p == '\0')
+		return result;
+
+	do {
+		switch(state) {
+		case IDLE:
+			switch(*p) {
+			case '/': state = GOT_SLASH; break;
+			case '*': state = GOT_STAR; break;
+			case '-': state = GOT_HYPHEN; break;
+			}
+			break;
+		case GOT_SLASH:
+			switch(*p) {
+			case '*': state = IN_SLASHSTAR_COMMENT; break;
+			default: state = IDLE;
+			}
+			break;
+		case IN_SLASHSTAR_COMMENT:
+			switch(*p) {
+			case '*': state = GOT_STAR; break;
+			}
+			break;
+		case GOT_STAR:
+			switch(*p) {
+			case '/': state = IDLE; break;
+			default: state = IN_SLASHSTAR_COMMENT; break;
+			}
+			break;
+		case GOT_HYPHEN:
+			switch(*p) {
+			case '-': state = IN_HYPHHYPH_COMMENT; break;
+			default: state = IDLE; break;
+			}
+		case IN_HYPHHYPH_COMMENT:
+			switch(*p) {
+			case '\n': state = IDLE; break;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (state == IDLE && *p == ';')
+			result = p;
+
+	} while (*p++);
+
+	return result;
+}
+
+/*
+ * read_and_parse reads lines from the input file (containing SQL DDL),
+ * and sends the to the tokenizer and parser.  Because of the way the
+ * SQLite tokenizer works, the chunks sent to the tokenizer must
+ * contain a multiple of whole SQL statements -- a partial statement
+ * will produce a syntax error.  Therefore, this function splits its
+ * input at semicolons.
+ */
+static int
+read_and_parse(fp)
+	FILE *fp;
+{
+	size_t line_len, copy_len, collector_len;
+	char *q, *collector, buf[256], *err_msg;
+
+	collector = 0;
+	collector_len = 0;
+	err_msg = 0;
+
+	/* line_number is global */
+
+	for (line_number = 1; fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp) != 0; line_number++) {
+
+		line_len = strlen(buf);
+
+		if (1 + strlen(buf)  == sizeof(buf)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: line %d is too long", progname, 
+				line_number);
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Does this line contain a semicolon?  If so, copy
+		 * the line, up to and including its last semicolon,
+		 * into collector and parse it.  Then reinitialize
+		 * collector with the remainer of the line
+		 */
+		if ((q = scan_for_rightmost_semicolon(buf)) != NULL)
+			copy_len = 1 + q - buf;
+		else
+			copy_len = line_len;
+
+		collector_len += 1 + copy_len;
+		if (collector == NULL)
+			collector = calloc(1, collector_len);
+		else
+			collector = realloc(collector, collector_len);
+
+		strnconcat(collector, collector_len, buf, copy_len);
+
+		if (q != 0) {
+			if (do_parse(collector, &err_msg) != 0) {
+				fprintf(stderr,
+					"parsing error at line %d : %s\n",
+					line_number, err_msg);
+				return 1;
+			}
+				
+			collector_len = 1 + line_len - copy_len;
+			collector = realloc(collector, collector_len);
+			memcpy(collector, buf + copy_len, collector_len);
+			assert(collector[collector_len-1] == 0);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * if there's anything after the final semicolon, send it on
+	 * to the tokenizer -- it might be a hint comment 
+	 */
+	if (collector != 0) {
+		if (strlen(collector) > 0 &&
+		    do_parse(collector, &err_msg) != 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "parsing error at end of file: %s\n",
+				err_msg);
+			return 1;
+		}
+	
+		free (collector);
+	}
+	
+	return 0;
+}
+	
+/*
+ * Basename isn't available everywhere, so we have our own version
+ * which works on unix and windows.
+ */
+static char *
+final_component_of(path)
+	char *path;
+{
+	char *p;
+	p = strrchr(path, '/');
+	if (p == NULL)
+		p = strrchr(path, '\\');
+	if (p != NULL)
+		return p + 1;
+
+	return path;
+}
+			
+/*
+ * Return a new pathname in which any existing "extension" (the part
+ * after ".") has been replaced by the given extension.  If the
+ * pathname has no extension, the new extension is simply appended.
+ * Returns allocated memory 
+ */
+static char *
+change_extension(path, extension)
+	char *path, *extension;
+{
+        size_t path_len, copy_len;
+	char *p, *copy;
+	const char dot = '.';
+
+	/* isolate the final component of the pathname, so that we can
+	 * examine it for the presence of a '.' without finding a '.'
+	 * in a directory name componenet of the pathname
+	 */
+
+	p = final_component_of(path);
+	if (*p != 0)
+		p++;  /* skip initial char in basename, it could be a dot */
+
+	/*
+	 * Is there a dot in the basename? If so, then the path has
+	 * an extension that we'll elide before adding the new one.
+	 */
+	if (strrchr(p, dot) != 0) {
+		p = strrchr(path, dot);
+		path_len = p - path;
+	} else
+		path_len = strlen(path);
+
+	copy_len = 2 + path_len + strlen(extension);
+	copy = malloc(copy_len);
+	memcpy(copy, path, path_len);
+	copy[path_len] = 0; /* terminate the string */
+	strconcat(copy, copy_len, ".");
+	strconcat(copy, copy_len, extension);
+
+	return copy;
+}
+
+static int
+usage(char *error_tag) {
+	if (error_tag != 0)
+		perror(error_tag);
+	fprintf(stderr, "\
+Usage:  %s [-i inputFile] [-h outputHeaderFile] [-o outputFile] \
+[-t testOutputFile] [-d] [-v verificationOutputFile]\n",
+		progname);
+	return(1);
+}
diff --git a/db_sql/db_sql.h b/db_sql/db_sql.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5fe7ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/db_sql.h
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Db_sql is a utility program that translates a schema description
+ * written in a SQL Data Definition Language dialect into C code that
+ * implements the schema using Berkeley DB.
+ *
+ * This include file declares the data structures used to model the
+ * schema; along with macro definitions and function prototypes used
+ * throughout the program.
+ */
+
+#include "sqlite/sqliteInt.h"
+
+/*
+ * Forward structure declarations and typedefs.
+ */
+struct __db_schema;        typedef struct __db_schema DB_SCHEMA;
+struct __parse_progress;   typedef struct __parse_progress PARSE_PROGRESS;
+struct __environment_info; typedef struct __environment_info ENVIRONMENT_INFO;
+struct __db_entity;        typedef struct __db_entity ENTITY;
+struct __db_attribute;     typedef struct __db_attribute ATTRIBUTE;
+struct __db_attr_type;     typedef struct __db_attr_type ATTR_TYPE;
+struct __db_index;         typedef struct __db_index DB_INDEX;
+
+/*
+ * Information about the BDB environment comes from a CREATE
+ * DATABASE statement in the input DDL.
+ */
+struct __environment_info {
+	char   *name;
+	char   *uppercase_name;        /* A copy of the name in all caps. */
+	int    line_number;
+	unsigned long int cache_size;
+};
+
+/*
+ * DDL statements are parsed into a tree of data structures
+ * rooted in the global instance of this structure.
+ */
+struct __db_schema {
+        ENVIRONMENT_INFO environment;
+	ENTITY	        *entities_head; /* head of the list of Entities */
+	ENTITY	        *entities_tail; /* the tail of that list */
+	DB_INDEX        *indexes_head;  /* head of the list of DBIndexes */
+	DB_INDEX        *indexes_tail;  /* tail of the list of DBIndexes */
+};
+
+/*
+ * An ENTITY describes a table from the DDL.
+ */
+struct __db_entity {
+	ENTITY	        *next;
+	char		*name; /* the name of this Entity */
+	ATTRIBUTE	*attributes_head;
+	ATTRIBUTE	*attributes_tail;
+	ATTRIBUTE	*primary_key;
+	char            *serialized_length_name; /* filled in when needed */
+	int             line_number; /* line where this entity is declared */
+	char            *dbtype;
+};
+
+/*
+ * ATTRIBUTE is a fancy name for a column description
+ */
+struct __db_attribute {
+	ATTRIBUTE	*next;
+	char		*name; /* the name of this Attribute */
+	ATTR_TYPE	*type; /* the given type, simply a copy of the tokens */
+	int		is_autoincrement;
+	char            *array_dim_name; /* filled in when needed */
+	char            *decl_name; /* name with array dimension, when needed */
+};
+
+/*
+ * ATTR_TYPE describes the type of an attribute
+ */
+struct __db_attr_type {
+	char		*sql_token; /* the original type string from the sql */
+	char		*c_type;    /* the mapped c-language type */
+	int		array_dim;  /* The array size, if there is one */
+	int             is_array;   /* boolean, tells if the c type is array */
+        int             is_string;  /* boolean, tells if it's a char* string */
+};
+
+
+/*
+ * DBIndex is what you get from CREATE_INDEX, it describes a secondary database
+ */
+struct __db_index {
+	DB_INDEX        *next;
+	char            *name;      /* the name of the index/secondary */
+	ENTITY          *primary;   /* primary database this index refers to */
+	ATTRIBUTE       *attribute; /* the indexed field */
+	int             line_number; /* line where this index is declared */
+	char            *dbtype;
+};
+
+/*
+ * PARSE_PROGRESS is just a little housekeeping info about what was the
+ * last thing parsed.
+ */
+enum parse_event {
+	PE_NONE = 0, PE_ENVIRONMENT =1, PE_ENTITY = 2, 
+	PE_ATTRIBUTE = 3, PE_INDEX = 4
+};
+
+struct __parse_progress {
+	enum parse_event last_event;
+	ENTITY           *last_entity;
+        ATTRIBUTE        *last_attribute;
+        DB_INDEX         *last_index;
+};
+
+extern DB_SCHEMA the_schema;
+extern PARSE_PROGRESS the_parse_progress;
+extern int line_number;
+extern int debug;
+extern char *me;
+
+#define MAX_SQL_LENGTH 1000000000
+
+#define KILO (1024)
+#define MEGA (KILO * KILO)
+#define GIGA (MEGA * KILO)
+#define TERA (GIGA * KILO)
+
+#if defined (_WIN32) && !defined(__MINGW_H)
+#define snprintf sprintf_s
+#define strdup _strdup
+#define strconcat(dest, size, src) strcat_s(dest, size, src)
+#define strnconcat(dest, size, src, count) strncat_s(dest, size, src, count)
+#else
+#define strconcat(dest, size, src) strcat(dest, src)
+#define strnconcat(dest, size, src, count) strncat(dest, src, count)
+#endif
+
+/* Windows lacks strcasecmp; how convenient that sqlite has its own */
+#define strcasecmp sqlite3StrICmp
+
+extern void generate(FILE *, FILE *, FILE *, FILE *, char *);
+extern void generate_test(FILE *, char *);
+extern int do_parse(const char *, char **);
+extern void parse_hint_comment(Token *);
+extern void setString(char **, ...);
+extern void preparser(void *, int,Token, Parse *);
+extern void bdb_create_database(Token *, Parse *);
+
+/*
+ * To avoid warnings on unused functionarguments and variables, we
+ * write and then read the variable.
+ */
+#define	COMPQUIET(n, v)	do {					        \
+	(n) = (v);						        \
+	(n) = (n);						        \
+} while (0)
diff --git a/db_sql/example/README b/db_sql/example/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f80f732
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/example/README
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+This directory contains a sql source file called sample.sql.  To use
+db_sql to translate this schema into C code implementing a Berkeley DB
+storage layer, issue the following command:
+
+  db_sql -i sample.sql -t sample_test.c
+
+This will produce three files: sample.h, sample.c, and sample_test.c.
+
+The generated program includes, in sample_test.c, a main function to
+exercise the new storage layer.  To build the program, compile the two
+.c source files and link them together with the Berkeley DB runtime
+library.  On Unix, this command would typically be somethin like:
+
+cc -g -I$BDB_INSTALL/include -L$BDB_INSTALL/lib -o sample sample.c sample_test.c -ldb-4.8 -lpthread
+
+On Windows, you could use Visual Studio to create a project containing
+these files.
+
+Once the program is built, you can run it with no arguments.  The
+program generated from sample.sql will create a database environment
+in a directory named "numismatics."  This directory must be created
+before the program is run.
diff --git a/db_sql/example/sample.sql b/db_sql/example/sample.sql
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df7bee0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/example/sample.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+CREATE DATABASE numismatics;  /*+ CACHESIZE = 16m */
+
+CREATE TABLE coin (cid INT(8) PRIMARY KEY,
+                       unit VARCHAR2(20),
+                       value NUMERIC(8,2), -- just a comment here
+                       mintage_year INT(8),
+                       mint_id INT(8),
+                       CONSTRAINT mint_id_fk FOREIGN KEY(mint_id)
+                           REFERENCES mint(mid));
+
+CREATE TABLE mint (mid INT(8) PRIMARY KEY,
+       country VARCHAR2(20),
+       city VARCHAR2(20));   --+ DBTYPE = HASH
+
+CREATE INDEX unit_index ON coin(unit); /*+ DBTYPE = HASH */
+
+CREATE TABLE random (rid VARCHAR2(20) PRIMARY KEY,
+       chunk bin(127));
diff --git a/db_sql/generate.c b/db_sql/generate.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87bd168
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/generate.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1419 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This compilation unit contains functions related to generating the
+ * storage layer implementation in "C".
+ */
+#include "generation.h"
+
+static int header_indent_level = 0;
+static int code_indent_level = 0;
+
+static FILE *header_file; /* stream for generated include file */
+static FILE *code_file;   /* stream for generated bdb code */
+
+#define	SEPARATE_HEADER (header_file != code_file)
+
+void generate_test(FILE *tfile, char *hfilename);
+void generate_verification(FILE *vfile, char *hfilename);
+
+static void check_constraints();
+static void generate_config_defines();
+static void generate_schema_structs();
+static void generate_iteration_callback_typedefs();
+static void generate_environment();
+static void generate_db_creation_functions();
+static void generate_db_removal_functions();
+static void generate_insertion_functions();
+static void generate_fetch_functions();
+static void generate_deletion_functions();
+static void generate_full_iterations();
+static void generate_index_functions();
+static void generate_initialization();
+static void pr_header(char *, ...);
+static void pr_header_comment(char *, ...);
+static void pr_code(char *, ...);
+static void pr_code_comment(char *, ...);
+
+/*
+ * Emit a printf-formatted string into the main code file
+ */
+static void
+pr_code(char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	char *s;
+	static int enable_indent = 1;
+
+	s = prepare_string(fmt,
+	    enable_indent ? code_indent_level : 0,
+	    0);
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vfprintf(code_file, s, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the last char emitted was a newline, enable indentation
+	 * for the next time.
+	 */
+	if (s[strlen(s) - 1] == '\n')
+		enable_indent = 1;
+	else
+		enable_indent = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Emit a formatted comment into the main code file.
+ */
+static void
+pr_code_comment(char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	char *s;
+
+	s = prepare_string(fmt, code_indent_level, 1);
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vfprintf(code_file, s, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Emit a printf-formatted string into the header file.
+ */
+static void
+pr_header(char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	char *s;
+	static int enable_indent = 1;
+
+	s = prepare_string(fmt,
+	    enable_indent ? header_indent_level : 0,
+	    0);
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vfprintf(header_file, s, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	/*
+	 * if the last char emitted was a newline, enable indentation
+	 * for the next time
+	 */
+	if (s[strlen(s) - 1] == '\n')
+		enable_indent = 1;
+	else
+		enable_indent = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Emit a formatted comment into the header file.
+ */
+static void
+pr_header_comment(char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	char *s;
+
+	s = prepare_string(fmt, header_indent_level, 1);
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vfprintf(header_file, s, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_config_defines()
+{
+	static char *cache_size_comment =
+"Cache size constants, specified in a                                       \n\
+hint comment in the original DDL";
+
+	if (the_schema.environment.cache_size > 0) {
+		pr_header_comment(cache_size_comment);
+		pr_header("#define %s_CACHE_SIZE_GIGA %lu\n",
+		    upcase_env_name(&the_schema.environment),
+		    the_schema.environment.cache_size / GIGA);
+		pr_header("#define %s_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES %lu\n\n",
+		    upcase_env_name(&the_schema.environment),
+		    the_schema.environment.cache_size % GIGA);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+generate_environment() {
+	static char *create_env_function_template_part1 =
+"                                                                           \n\
+int create_%s_env(DB_ENV **envpp)                                           \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ int ret, flags;                                                            \n\
+ char *env_name = \"./%s\";                                                 \n\
+									    \n\
+ if ((ret = db_env_create(envpp, 0)) != 0) {                                \n\
+  fprintf(stderr, \"db_env_create: %%s\", db_strerror(ret));                \n\
+  return 1;                                                                 \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+									    \n\
+ (*envpp)->set_errfile(*envpp, stderr);                                     \n\
+ flags = DB_CREATE | DB_INIT_MPOOL;                                         \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+	static char *create_env_function_template_part2 =
+"                                                                           \n\
+ if ((ret = (*envpp)->open(*envpp, env_name, flags, 0)) != 0) {             \n\
+  (*envpp)->err(*envpp, ret, \"DB_ENV->open: %%s\", env_name);              \n\
+  return 1;                                                                 \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+ return 0;                                                                  \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+	static char *set_cachesize_template =
+" (*envpp)->set_cachesize(*envpp,                                           \n\
+ %s_CACHE_SIZE_GIGA,                                                        \n\
+ %s_CACHE_SIZE_BYTES, 1);                                                   \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+
+	pr_code(create_env_function_template_part1,
+	    the_schema.environment.name,
+	    the_schema.environment.name);
+
+	if (the_schema.environment.cache_size > 0) {
+		pr_code(set_cachesize_template,
+		    upcase_env_name(&the_schema.environment),
+		    upcase_env_name(&the_schema.environment));
+	}
+
+	pr_code(create_env_function_template_part2);
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER) {
+		pr_header_comment(
+			"The environment creation/initialization function");
+
+		pr_header("int create_%s_env(DB_ENV **envpp);\n\n",
+		    the_schema.environment.name);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation functions is called by the entity iterator
+ * when generating the db creation functions.
+ */
+static void
+db_create_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	static char *create_db_template =
+"int create_%s_database(DB_ENV *envp, DB **dbpp)                            \n\
+{		                                                            \n\
+ return create_database(envp, \"%s.db\", dbpp,                              \n\
+  DB_CREATE, %s, 0, %s);                                                    \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+	pr_code(create_db_template, e->name, e->name, e->dbtype,
+	    (strcmp(e->dbtype, "DB_BTREE") == 0 ?
+		custom_comparator_for_type(e->primary_key->type) : "NULL"));
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header(
+		    "int create_%s_database(DB_ENV *envp, DB **dbpp);\n\n",
+		    e->name);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_db_creation_functions()
+{
+
+	static char *comparator_function_comment =
+"These are custom comparator functions for integer keys.  They are          \n\
+needed to make integers sort well on little-endian architectures,           \n\
+such as x86. cf. discussion of btree comparators in 'Getting Started        \n\
+with Data Storage' manual.";
+	static char *comparator_functions =
+"static int                                                                 \n\
+compare_int(DB *dbp, const DBT *a, const DBT *b)                            \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ int ai, bi;                                                                \n\
+									    \n\
+ memcpy(&ai, a->data, sizeof(int));                                         \n\
+ memcpy(&bi, b->data, sizeof(int));                                         \n\
+ return (ai - bi);                                                          \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+int                                                                         \n\
+compare_long(DB *dbp, const DBT *a, const DBT *b)                           \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ long ai, bi;                                                               \n\
+									    \n\
+ memcpy(&ai, a->data, sizeof(long));                                        \n\
+ memcpy(&bi, b->data, sizeof(long));                                        \n\
+ return (ai - bi);                                                          \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+	static char *create_db_function_comment =
+"A generic function for creating and opening a database";
+
+	static char *generic_create_db_function =
+"int                                                                        \n\
+create_database(DB_ENV *envp,                                               \n\
+ char *db_name,                                                             \n\
+ DB **dbpp,                                                                 \n\
+ int flags,                                                                 \n\
+ DBTYPE type,                                                               \n\
+ int moreflags,                                                             \n\
+ int (*comparator)(DB *, const DBT *, const DBT *))                         \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ int ret;                                                                   \n\
+ FILE *errfilep;                                                            \n\
+									    \n\
+ if ((ret = db_create(dbpp, envp, 0)) != 0) {                               \n\
+  envp->err(envp, ret, \"db_create\");                                      \n\
+  return ret;                                                               \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+									    \n\
+ if (moreflags != 0)                                                        \n\
+  (*dbpp)->set_flags(*dbpp, moreflags);                                     \n\
+									    \n\
+ if (comparator != NULL)                                                    \n\
+  (*dbpp)->set_bt_compare(*dbpp, comparator);                               \n\
+									    \n\
+ envp->get_errfile(envp, &errfilep);                                        \n\
+ (*dbpp)->set_errfile(*dbpp, errfilep);                                     \n\
+ if ((ret = (*dbpp)->open(*dbpp, NULL, db_name,                             \n\
+  NULL, type, flags, 0644)) != 0) {                                         \n\
+  (*dbpp)->err(*dbpp, ret, \"DB->open: %%s\", db_name);                     \n\
+  return ret;                                                               \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+									    \n\
+ return 0;                                                                  \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+
+	pr_code_comment(comparator_function_comment);
+	pr_code(comparator_functions);
+	pr_code_comment(create_db_function_comment);
+	pr_code(generic_create_db_function);
+
+	pr_header_comment("Database creation/initialization functions");
+	iterate_over_entities(&db_create_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is called by the entity iterator
+ * when generating the db removal functions.
+ */
+static void
+db_remove_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	static char *remove_db_template =
+"                                                                           \n\
+int remove_%s_database(DB_ENV *envp)                                        \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ return envp->dbremove(envp, NULL, \"%s.db\", NULL, 0);                     \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+	pr_code(remove_db_template, e->name, e->name);
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header("int remove_%s_database(DB_ENV *envp);\n\n",
+		    e->name);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_db_removal_functions() {
+
+	pr_header_comment("Database removal functions");
+	iterate_over_entities(&db_remove_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when defining constants for any
+ * array type attributes.
+ */
+static void
+array_dim_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(first, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(last, 0);
+
+	if (is_array(a->type))
+		pr_header("#define %s %d\n", array_dim_name(e, a),
+		    a->type->array_dim);
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when defining structs
+ * corresponding to the entities.
+ */
+static void
+structs_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_header("typedef struct _%s_data {\n", e->name);
+	header_indent_level++;
+}
+
+static void
+structs_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	header_indent_level--;
+	pr_header("} %s_data;\n\n", e->name);
+	pr_header("%s_data %s_data_specimen;\n\n", e->name, e->name);
+}
+
+static void
+structs_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(first, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(last, 0);
+	pr_header("%s\t%s;\n", a->type->c_type, decl_name(e, a));
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when defining constants for
+ * serialized lengths of records.
+ */
+static void
+serialized_length_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_header("#define %s (", serialized_length_name(e));
+}
+
+static void
+serialized_length_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+	pr_header(")\n\n");
+}
+
+static void
+serialized_length_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	static char *sizeof_template = "%ssizeof(%s_data_specimen.%s)";
+	
+	if (strcmp(e->primary_key->name, a->name) == 0)
+		pr_header("%s0", first ? "" : " + \\\n\t");
+	else 
+		pr_header(sizeof_template, first ? "" : " + \\\n\t",
+		    e->name, a->name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Call the iterator twice, once for generating the array dimension
+ * #defines, and once for the structs.
+ */
+static void
+generate_schema_structs()
+{
+	pr_header_comment("Array size constants.");
+
+	/* Emit the array dimension definitions. */
+	iterate_over_entities(NULL,
+	    NULL,
+	    &array_dim_attrop);
+
+	pr_header_comment("Data structures representing the record layouts");
+
+	/* Emit the structs that represent the schema. */
+	iterate_over_entities(&structs_enter_entop,
+	    &structs_exit_entop,
+	    &structs_attrop);
+
+	pr_header_comment(
+"Macros for the maximum length of the                                       \n\
+records after serialization.  This is                                       \n\
+the maximum size of the data that is stored");
+
+	/* Emit the serialized length #defines. */
+	iterate_over_entities(&serialized_length_enter_entop,
+	    &serialized_length_exit_entop,
+	    &serialized_length_attrop);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when defining the entity
+ * serialization functions.
+ */
+static void
+serialize_function_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	static char *header_template =
+"                                                                           \n\
+int serialize_%s_data(%s_data *%sp,					    \n\
+ char *buffer,								    \n\
+ DBT *key_dbt,								    \n\
+ DBT *data_dbt)                                                             \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ size_t len;                                                                \n\
+ char *p;                                                                   \n\
+									    \n\
+ memset(buffer, 0, %s);                                                     \n\
+ p = buffer;                                                                \n\
+ 									    \n\
+ key_dbt->data = %s%sp->%s;						    \n\
+ key_dbt->size = ";
+	pr_code(header_template, e->name, e->name, e->name,  
+	    serialized_length_name(e),
+	    is_array(e->primary_key->type) ? "" : "&",
+	    e->name, e->primary_key->name);
+	
+	if (is_array(e->primary_key->type) &&
+	    !is_string((e->primary_key->type)))
+		pr_code(array_dim_name(e, e->primary_key));
+	else 
+		pr_code("%s(%sp->%s)%s", 
+		    is_string(e->primary_key->type) ? "strlen" : "sizeof",
+		    e->name, e->primary_key->name,
+		    is_string(e->primary_key->type) ? "+ 1" : "");
+	
+	pr_code(";\n");
+	    
+	code_indent_level++;
+}
+static void
+serialize_function_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+	code_indent_level--;
+	pr_code(
+"                                                                           \n\
+ data_dbt->data = buffer;						    \n\
+ data_dbt->size = p - buffer;						    \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+"
+		);
+}
+static void
+serialize_function_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	static char *copy_strlen_template =
+"                                                                           \n\
+len = strlen(%sp->%s) + 1;                                                  \n\
+assert(len <= %s);                                                          \n\
+memcpy(p, %sp->%s, len);                                                    \n\
+p += len;                                                                   \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+
+	COMPQUIET(first, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(last, 0);
+
+	/* Primary key is not stored in data. */
+	if (strcmp(e->primary_key->name, a->name) != 0) {
+		/* 
+		 * For strings, we store only the length calculated by 
+		 * strlen.
+		 */ 		 
+		if (is_string(a->type)) {
+			pr_code(copy_strlen_template,
+			    e->name, a->name,
+			    array_dim_name(e, a),
+			    e->name, a->name);
+		} else {
+			pr_code("memcpy(p, %s%sp->%s, sizeof(%sp->%s));\n",
+			    is_array(a->type) ? "" : "&",
+			    e->name, a->name, e->name, a->name);
+			pr_code("p += sizeof(%sp->%s);\n", e->name, a->name);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when defining the entity
+ * deserialization functions.
+ */
+static void
+deserialize_function_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	static char *header_template =
+"									    \n\
+void deserialize_%s_data(char *buffer, %s_data *%sp)                        \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ size_t len;                                                                \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+	pr_code(header_template, e->name, e->name, e->name,
+	    e->name, e->name);
+	code_indent_level++;
+}
+
+static void
+deserialize_function_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+	code_indent_level--;
+	pr_code("}\n\n");
+}
+
+static void
+deserialize_function_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	/* strings are stored with null termination in the buffer */
+	static char *copy_strlen_template =
+"len = strlen(buffer) + 1;                                                  \n\
+assert(len <= %s);                                                          \n\
+memcpy(%sp->%s, buffer, len);                                               \n\
+buffer += len;                                                              \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+
+	COMPQUIET(first, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(last, 0);
+
+	if (strcmp(e->primary_key->name, a->name) != 0) {
+		if (is_string(a->type)) {
+			pr_code (copy_strlen_template,
+			    array_dim_name(e, a),
+			    e->name, a->name);
+		} else {
+			pr_code(
+			    "memcpy(%s%sp->%s, buffer, sizeof(%sp->%s));\n",
+			    is_array(a->type)? "" : "&",
+			    e->name, a->name, e->name, a->name);
+			pr_code("buffer += sizeof(%sp->%s);\n\n", 
+			    e->name, a->name);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when defining the struct insertion
+ * functions.
+ */
+static void
+insert_struct_function_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	static char *function_template =
+"                                                                           \n\
+int %s_insert_struct( DB *dbp, %s_data *%sp)                                \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ DBT key_dbt, data_dbt;                                                     \n\
+ char serialized_data[%s];                                                  \n\
+ int ret;                                                                   \n\
+ %s %s%s_key = %sp->%s;                                                     \n\
+									    \n\
+ memset(&key_dbt, 0, sizeof(key_dbt));                                      \n\
+ memset(&data_dbt, 0, sizeof(data_dbt));                                    \n\
+									    \n\
+ serialize_%s_data(%sp, serialized_data, &key_dbt, &data_dbt);              \n\
+									    \n\
+ if ((ret = dbp->put(dbp, NULL, &key_dbt, &data_dbt, 0)) != 0) {            \n\
+  dbp->err(dbp, ret, \"Inserting key %s\", %s_key);                         \n\
+  return -1;                                                                \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+ return 0;                                                                  \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+	pr_code(function_template, e->name,  
+	    e->name, e->name, 
+	    serialized_length_name(e),   
+	    e->primary_key->type->c_type,  
+	    is_array(e->primary_key->type)? "*" : "",
+	    e->name,
+	    e->name,
+	    e->primary_key->name,
+	    e->name, e->name,
+	    is_array(e->primary_key->type) ? "%s" : "%d",
+	    e->name);
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header(
+"int %s_insert_struct(DB *dbp, %s_data *%sp);\n\n",
+		    e->name, e->name, e->name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when defining the field insertion
+ * functions.
+ */
+static void
+insert_fields_list_args_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	/*
+	 * This is an extra attribute operation called by
+	 * insert_fields_enter_entop to produce the arguments to the
+	 * function it defines.
+	 */
+	COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(first, 0);
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER) {
+		pr_header("%s %s%s", a->type->c_type,
+		    is_array(a->type)? "*" : "",
+		    a->name);
+		if (!last) pr_header(",\n");
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is an extra attribute operation called by
+ * insert_fields_enter_entop to produce the arguments to the
+ * function it defines.
+ */
+static void
+insert_fields_declare_args_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+
+	COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(first, 0);
+
+	pr_code("%s %s%s", a->type->c_type,
+	    is_array(a->type)? "*" : "",
+	    a->name);
+	if (!last)
+	       pr_code(",\n");
+	else
+	       pr_code(")\n");
+}
+
+static void
+insert_fields_function_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header("int %s_insert_fields(DB * dbp,\n", e->name);
+	pr_code("int %s_insert_fields(DB *dbp,\n", e->name);
+	code_indent_level+=3; /* push them way over */
+	header_indent_level+=3;
+	iterate_over_attributes(e, &insert_fields_list_args_attrop);
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header(");\n\n");
+	code_indent_level-=2; /* drop back to +1 */
+	header_indent_level -= 3;
+	iterate_over_attributes(e, &insert_fields_declare_args_attrop);
+	code_indent_level--;
+	pr_code("{\n");
+	code_indent_level++;
+	pr_code("%s_data data;\n", e->name);
+}
+
+static void
+insert_fields_function_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_code("return %s_insert_struct(dbp, &data);\n", e->name);
+	code_indent_level--;
+	pr_code("}\n\n");
+}
+
+static void
+insert_fields_function_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(first, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(last, 0);
+
+	if (is_string(a->type)) {
+		pr_code("assert(strlen(%s) < %s);\n", a->name,
+		    array_dim_name(e, a));
+		pr_code("strncpy(data.%s, %s, %s);\n",
+		    a->name, a->name, array_dim_name(e, a));
+	} else if (is_array(a->type)) {
+		pr_code("memcpy(data.%s, %s, %s);\n",
+		    a->name, a->name, array_dim_name(e, a));
+	} else
+		pr_code("data.%s = %s;\n", a->name, a->name);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_insertion_functions()
+{
+
+	/* Generate the serializer functions for each entity. */
+	iterate_over_entities(&serialize_function_enter_entop,
+	    &serialize_function_exit_entop,
+	    &serialize_function_attrop);
+
+	/* Generate the de-serializer functions for each entity. */
+	iterate_over_entities(&deserialize_function_enter_entop,
+	    &deserialize_function_exit_entop,
+	    &deserialize_function_attrop);
+
+	/* Generate the struct insertion functions for each entity. */
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header_comment(
+"Functions for inserting records by providing                               \n\
+the full corresponding data structure"
+			);
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&insert_struct_function_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+
+	/* Generate the field insertion functions for each entity. */
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header_comment(
+"Functions for inserting records by providing                               \n\
+each field value as a separate argument"
+			);
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&insert_fields_function_enter_entop,
+	    &insert_fields_function_exit_entop,
+	    &insert_fields_function_attrop);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when defining the simple fetch
+ * by key functions.
+ */
+static void
+fetch_function_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	static char *header_template =
+"                                                                           \n\
+int get_%s_data(DB *dbp,                                                    \n\
+ %s %s%s_key,                                                               \n\
+ %s_data *data)                                                             \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ DBT key_dbt, data_dbt;                                                     \n\
+ int ret;                                                                   \n\
+ %s %scanonical_key = %s_key;                                               \n\
+									    \n\
+ memset(&key_dbt, 0, sizeof(key_dbt));                                      \n\
+ memset(&data_dbt, 0, sizeof(data_dbt));                                    \n\
+ memset(data, 0, sizeof(%s_data));					    \n\
+									    \n\
+ key_dbt.data = %scanonical_key;                                            \n\
+ key_dbt.size = ";
+
+	static char *function_template =					
+" 									    \n\
+ if ((ret = dbp->get(dbp, NULL, &key_dbt, &data_dbt, 0)) != 0) {            \n\
+  dbp->err(dbp, ret, \"Retrieving key %s\", %s_key);                        \n\
+  return ret;                                                               \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+									    \n\
+ assert(data_dbt.size <= %s);                                               \n\
+ memcpy(&data->%s, key_dbt.data, sizeof(data->%s));			    \n\
+ deserialize_%s_data(data_dbt.data, data);                                  \n\
+ return 0;                                                                  \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+	pr_code(header_template, e->name, 
+	    e->primary_key->type->c_type,
+	    is_array(e->primary_key->type) ? "*" : "",
+	    e->name, 
+	    e->name, 
+	    e->primary_key->type->c_type,
+	    is_array(e->primary_key->type) ? "*" : "",
+	    e->name,
+	    e->name, 
+	    is_array(e->primary_key->type) ? "" : "&"); 
+	    
+	if (is_array(e->primary_key->type) && !is_string(e->primary_key->type))
+		pr_code(array_dim_name(e, e->primary_key));
+	else 
+		pr_code("%s(canonical_key)%s", 
+		    is_string(e->primary_key->type) ? "strlen" : "sizeof",             
+		    is_string(e->primary_key->type) ? " + 1" : "");
+	
+	pr_code(";\n");
+	    
+	pr_code(function_template, 
+	    is_array(e->primary_key->type) ? "%s" : "%d",
+	    e->name,
+	    serialized_length_name(e),   
+	    e->primary_key->name, 
+	    e->primary_key->name,
+	    e->name); 
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header(
+"int get_%s_data(DB *dbp, %s %s%s_key, %s_data *data);\n\n",
+		    e->name, e->primary_key->type->c_type,
+		    is_array(e->primary_key->type) ? "*" : "",
+		    e->name, e->name);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_fetch_functions()
+{
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header_comment("Functions for retrieving records by key");
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&fetch_function_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when defining the simple deletion
+ * by primary key functions.
+ */
+static void
+deletion_function_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	static char *header_template =
+"                                                                           \n\
+int delete_%s_key(DB *dbp, %s %s%s_key)                                     \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ DBT key_dbt;                                                               \n\
+ int ret;                                                                   \n\
+ %s %scanonical_key = %s_key;                                               \n\
+									    \n\
+ memset(&key_dbt, 0, sizeof(key_dbt));                                      \n\
+									    \n\
+ key_dbt.data = %scanonical_key;                                            \n\
+ key_dbt.size = ";
+
+	static char *method_template =
+"									    \n\
+  if ((ret = dbp->del(dbp, NULL, &key_dbt, 0)) != 0) {                      \n\
+  dbp->err(dbp, ret, \"deleting key %s\", %s_key);                          \n\
+  return ret;                                                               \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+									    \n\
+ return 0;                                                                  \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+";
+	pr_code(header_template, e->name, e->primary_key->type->c_type,
+	    is_array(e->primary_key->type) ? "*" : "",
+	    e->name, e->primary_key->type->c_type,
+	    is_array(e->primary_key->type) ? "*" : "",
+	    e->name,
+	    is_array(e->primary_key->type) ? "" : "&");
+	    
+	if (is_array(e->primary_key->type) && !is_string(e->primary_key->type))
+		pr_code(array_dim_name(e, e->primary_key));
+	else 
+		pr_code("%s(canonical_key)%s",	
+		    is_string(e->primary_key->type) ? "strlen" : "sizeof",
+		    is_string(e->primary_key->type) ? " + 1" : "");
+	
+	pr_code(";\n");
+	
+	pr_code(method_template,    
+	    is_array(e->primary_key->type) ? "%s" : "%d",
+	    e->name);
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header("int delete_%s_key(DB *dbp, %s %s%s_key);\n\n",
+		    e->name, e->primary_key->type->c_type,
+		    is_array(e->primary_key->type) ? "*" : "",
+		    e->name);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_deletion_functions()
+{
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header_comment("Functions for deleting records by key");
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&deletion_function_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is called by the attribute iterator when
+ * producing header code that declares the global primary database pointers.
+ */
+static void
+declare_extern_database_pointers_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_header("extern DB *%s_dbp;\n", e->name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is called by the attribute iterator
+ * when producing code that defines the global primary database
+ * pointers.
+ */
+static void
+declare_database_pointers_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_code("DB *%s_dbp = NULL;\n", e->name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This index operation function is called by the attribute iterator when
+ * producing header code that declares the global secondary database pointers.
+ */
+static void
+declare_extern_secondary_pointers_idxop(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	pr_header("extern DB *%s_dbp;\n", idx->name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This index operation function is called by the attribute iterator when
+ * producing code that defines the global secondary database pointers.
+ */
+static void
+declare_secondary_pointers_idxop(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	pr_code("DB *%s_dbp = NULL;\n", idx->name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is called by the attribute iterator
+ * when producing initialization code that creates the primary databases.
+ */
+static void
+create_database_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_code(
+"                                                                           \n\
+if (create_%s_database(%s_envp, &%s_dbp) != 0)                              \n\
+ goto exit_error;                                                           \n\
+",
+	    e->name, the_schema.environment.name, e->name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This index operation function is called by the attribute iterator when
+ * producing initialization code that creates the secondary databases.
+ */
+static void
+create_secondary_idxop(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	pr_code(
+"                                                                           \n\
+if (create_%s_secondary(%s_envp, %s_dbp, &%s_dbp) != 0)                     \n\
+ goto exit_error;                                                           \n\
+",
+	    idx->name, the_schema.environment.name,
+	    idx->primary->name, idx->name);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_secondary_key_callback_function(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	static char *secondary_key_callback_template =
+"                                                                           \n\
+int %s_callback(DB *dbp,                                                    \n\
+ const DBT *key_dbt,                                                        \n\
+ const DBT *data_dbt,                                                       \n\
+ DBT *secondary_key_dbt)                                                    \n\
+{									    \n\
+ int ret;                                                                   \n\
+ %s_data deserialized_data;                                                 \n\
+									    \n\
+ memcpy(&deserialized_data.%s, key_dbt->data, key_dbt->size);               \n\
+ deserialize_%s_data(data_dbt->data, &deserialized_data);                   \n\
+									    \n\
+ memset(secondary_key_dbt, 0, sizeof(DBT));                  		    \n\
+ secondary_key_dbt->size = %s(deserialized_data.%s)%s;                      \n\
+ secondary_key_dbt->data = malloc(secondary_key_dbt->size);                 \n\
+ memcpy(secondary_key_dbt->data, %sdeserialized_data.%s,                    \n\
+  secondary_key_dbt->size);                                                 \n\
+									    \n\
+ /* tell the caller to free memory referenced by secondary_key_dbt */       \n\
+ secondary_key_dbt->flags = DB_DBT_APPMALLOC;                               \n\
+									    \n\
+ return 0;                                                                  \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+";
+
+	pr_code(secondary_key_callback_template,
+	    idx->name, idx->primary->name,
+	    idx->primary->primary_key->name,
+	    idx->primary->name,
+	    is_string(idx->attribute->type) ? "strlen" : "sizeof",
+	    idx->attribute->name,
+	    is_string(idx->attribute->type) ? " + 1" : "",
+	    is_array(idx->attribute->type) ? "" : "&",
+	    idx->attribute->name);
+}
+
+
+static void
+generate_index_creation_function(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	static char *index_creation_function_template =
+"                                                                           \n\
+int create_%s_secondary(DB_ENV *envp,                                       \n\
+ DB *primary_dbp,                                                           \n\
+ DB **secondary_dbpp)                                                       \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ int ret;                                                                   \n\
+ char * secondary_name = \"%s.db\";                                         \n\
+									    \n\
+ if ((ret = create_database(envp, secondary_name, secondary_dbpp,           \n\
+  DB_CREATE, %s, DB_DUPSORT, %s)) != 0)                                     \n\
+ return ret;                                                                \n\
+									    \n\
+ if ((ret = primary_dbp->associate(primary_dbp, NULL, *secondary_dbpp,      \n\
+  &%s_callback, DB_CREATE)) != 0) {                                         \n\
+  (*secondary_dbpp)->err(*secondary_dbpp, ret,                              \n\
+   \"DB->associate: %%s.db\", secondary_name);                              \n\
+  return ret;                                                               \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+ return 0;                                                                  \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+";
+
+	pr_code(index_creation_function_template,
+	    idx->name, idx->name,
+	    idx->dbtype,
+	    custom_comparator_for_type(idx->attribute->type),
+	    idx->name);
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header(
+"int create_%s_secondary(DB_ENV *envp, DB *dbpp, DB **secondary_dbpp);\n\n",
+		    idx->name);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_index_removal_function(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	pr_code(
+"                                                                           \n\
+int remove_%s_index(DB_ENV *envp)                                           \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ return envp->dbremove(envp, NULL, \"%s.db\", NULL, 0);                     \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+",
+	    idx->name, idx->name);
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header("int remove_%s_index(DB_ENV * envp);\n\n", idx->name);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_index_query_iteration(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	static char *query_iteration_template =
+"                                                                           \n\
+int %s_query_iteration(DB *secondary_dbp,                                   \n\
+ %s %s%s_key,                                                               \n\
+ %s_iteration_callback user_func,                                           \n\
+ void *user_data)                                                           \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ DBT key_dbt, pkey_dbt, data_dbt;					    \n\
+ DBC *cursorp;                                                              \n\
+ %s_data deserialized_data;                                                 \n\
+ int ret;								    \n\
+ int flag = DB_SET;                     				    \n\
+									    \n\
+ memset(&key_dbt, 0, sizeof(key_dbt));                                      \n\
+ memset(&pkey_dbt, 0, sizeof(pkey_dbt)); 				    \n\
+ memset(&data_dbt, 0, sizeof(data_dbt));                                    \n\
+									    \n\
+ if ((ret = secondary_dbp->cursor(secondary_dbp, NULL, &cursorp, 0)) != 0) {\n\
+  secondary_dbp->err(secondary_dbp, ret, \"creating cursor\");              \n\
+  return ret;                                                               \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+									    \n\
+ key_dbt.data = %s%s_key;                                                   \n\
+ key_dbt.size = %s(%s_key)%s;                                               \n\
+ 									    \n\
+ while((ret = cursorp->pget(cursorp, &key_dbt, &pkey_dbt, &data_dbt, flag)) \n\
+  == 0) {								    \n\
+  memcpy(&deserialized_data.%s, pkey_dbt.data, sizeof(deserialized_data.%s));\n\
+  deserialize_%s_data(data_dbt.data, &deserialized_data);                   \n\
+  (*user_func)(user_data, &deserialized_data);                              \n\
+  if (flag == DB_SET)							    \n\
+   flag = DB_NEXT_DUP;						    	    \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+									    \n\
+ if (ret != DB_NOTFOUND) {                                                  \n\
+  secondary_dbp->err(secondary_dbp, ret, \"Querying secondary\");           \n\
+  return ret;                                                               \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+									    \n\
+ cursorp->close(cursorp);                                                   \n\
+									    \n\
+ return 0;                                                                  \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+";
+	pr_code(query_iteration_template,
+	    idx->name, idx->attribute->type->c_type,
+	    is_array(idx->attribute->type) ? "*" : "",
+	    idx->name, idx->primary->name, idx->primary->name,
+	    is_array(idx->attribute->type) ? "" : "&",
+	    idx->name,
+	    is_string(idx->attribute->type) ? "strlen" : "sizeof",
+	    idx->name, 
+	    is_string(idx->attribute->type) ? " + 1" : "",
+	    idx->primary->primary_key->name, idx->primary->primary_key->name,
+	    idx->primary->name);
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header(
+"int %s_query_iteration(DB *secondary_dbp,                                  \n\
+  %s %s%s_key,                                                              \n\
+  %s_iteration_callback user_func,                                          \n\
+  void *user_data);\n\n",
+		    idx->name, idx->attribute->type->c_type,
+		    is_array(idx->attribute->type) ? "*" : "",
+		    idx->name, idx->primary->name);
+}
+
+static void
+index_function_idxop(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	generate_secondary_key_callback_function(idx);
+	generate_index_creation_function(idx);
+	generate_index_removal_function(idx);
+	generate_index_query_iteration(idx);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_index_functions() {
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header_comment("Index creation and removal functions");
+	iterate_over_indexes(&index_function_idxop);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Emit the prototype of the user's callback into the header file.
+ */
+static void
+generate_iteration_callback_typedef_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_header(
+		"typedef void (*%s_iteration_callback)(void *, %s_data *);\n\n",
+		    e->name, e->name);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_iteration_callback_typedefs()
+{
+	pr_header_comment(
+"These typedefs are prototypes for the user-written                         \n\
+iteration callback functions, which are invoked during                      \n\
+full iteration and secondary index queries"
+	    );
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&generate_iteration_callback_typedef_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_full_iteration_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	static char *full_iteration_template =
+"                                                                           \n\
+int %s_full_iteration(DB *dbp,                                              \n\
+ %s_iteration_callback user_func,                                           \n\
+ void *user_data)                                                           \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ DBT key_dbt, data_dbt;                                                     \n\
+ DBC *cursorp;                                                              \n\
+ %s_data deserialized_data;                                                 \n\
+ int ret;                                                                   \n\
+									    \n\
+ memset(&key_dbt, 0, sizeof(key_dbt));                                      \n\
+ memset(&data_dbt, 0, sizeof(data_dbt));                                    \n\
+									    \n\
+ if ((ret = dbp->cursor(dbp, NULL, &cursorp, 0)) != 0) {                    \n\
+  dbp->err(dbp, ret, \"creating cursor\");                                  \n\
+  return ret;                                                               \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+									    \n\
+ while ((ret = cursorp->get(cursorp, &key_dbt, &data_dbt, DB_NEXT)) == 0) { \n\
+  memcpy(&deserialized_data.%s, key_dbt.data, sizeof(deserialized_data.%s));\n\
+  deserialize_%s_data(data_dbt.data, &deserialized_data);                   \n\
+  (*user_func)(user_data, &deserialized_data);                              \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+									    \n\
+ if (ret != DB_NOTFOUND) {                                                  \n\
+  dbp->err(dbp, ret, \"Full iteration\");                                   \n\
+  cursorp->close(cursorp);                                                  \n\
+  return ret;                                                               \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+									    \n\
+ cursorp->close(cursorp);                                                   \n\
+									    \n\
+ return 0;                                                                  \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+";
+
+	pr_code(full_iteration_template,
+	    e->name, e->name, e->name, 
+	    e->primary_key->name,
+	    e->primary_key->name,
+	    e->name);
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header(
+"int %s_full_iteration(DB *dbp,                                             \n\
+  %s_iteration_callback user_func,                                          \n\
+  void *user_data);\n\n",
+		    e->name, e->name);
+}
+
+static void
+generate_full_iterations()
+{
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header_comment(
+"Functions for doing iterations over                                        \n\
+an entire primary database");
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&generate_full_iteration_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+
+}
+
+static void
+generate_initialization()
+{
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER) {
+		pr_header_comment(
+"This convenience method invokes all of the                                 \n\
+environment and database creation methods necessary                         \n\
+to initialize the complete BDB environment.  It uses                        \n\
+the global environment and database pointers declared                       \n\
+below.  You may bypass this function and use your own                       \n\
+environment and database pointers, if you wish.");
+
+		pr_header("int initialize_%s_environment();\n",
+		    the_schema.environment.name);
+	}
+	pr_header("\nextern DB_ENV * %s_envp;\n", the_schema.environment.name);
+	iterate_over_entities(&declare_extern_database_pointers_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+
+	pr_code("\nDB_ENV * %s_envp = NULL;\n", the_schema.environment.name);
+	iterate_over_entities(&declare_database_pointers_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+
+	iterate_over_indexes(&declare_extern_secondary_pointers_idxop);
+
+	iterate_over_indexes(&declare_secondary_pointers_idxop);
+
+	pr_code(
+"                                                                           \n\
+int initialize_%s_environment()                                             \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ if (create_%s_env(&%s_envp) != 0)                                          \n\
+  goto exit_error;                                                          \n\
+",
+	    the_schema.environment.name,
+	    the_schema.environment.name,
+	    the_schema.environment.name);
+
+	code_indent_level++;
+	iterate_over_entities(&create_database_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+
+	iterate_over_indexes(&create_secondary_idxop);
+
+	pr_code ("\nreturn 0;\n\n");
+	code_indent_level--;
+	pr_code("exit_error:\n");
+	code_indent_level++;
+	pr_code(
+"                                                                           \n\
+fprintf(stderr, \"Stopping initialization because of error\\n\");           \n\
+return -1;                                                                  \n\
+");
+	code_indent_level--;
+	pr_code("}\n");
+}
+
+static void
+check_pk_constraint_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	if (e->primary_key == NULL) {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		    "The table \"%s\" (defined near line %d) lacks a \
+primary key, which is not allowed.  All tables must have a designated \
+primary key.\n",
+		    e->name, e->line_number);
+		exit(1);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+check_constraints()
+{
+	iterate_over_entities(&check_pk_constraint_enter_entop,
+	    NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Generate is the sole entry point to this module.  It orchestrates
+ * the generation of the C code for the storage layer and for the
+ * smoke test.
+ */
+void generate(hfile, cfile, tfile, vfile, hfilename)
+	FILE *hfile, *cfile, *tfile, *vfile;
+	char *hfilename;
+{
+	static char *header_intro_comment =
+"Header file for a Berkeley DB implementation                               \n\
+generated from SQL DDL by db_sql";
+
+	static char *include_stmts =
+"#include <sys/types.h>                                                     \n\
+#include <sys/stat.h>                                                       \n\
+#include <assert.h>                                                         \n\
+#include <errno.h>                                                          \n\
+#include <stdlib.h>                                                         \n\
+#include <string.h>                                                         \n\
+#include \"db.h\"                                                           \n\
+\n";
+
+	header_file = hfile;
+	code_file = cfile;
+
+	check_constraints();
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_header_comment(header_intro_comment);
+
+	pr_header(include_stmts);
+
+	if (SEPARATE_HEADER)
+		pr_code("#include \"%s\"\n\n", hfilename);
+
+	generate_config_defines();
+	generate_schema_structs();
+	generate_iteration_callback_typedefs();
+	generate_environment();
+	generate_db_creation_functions();
+	generate_db_removal_functions();
+	generate_insertion_functions();
+	generate_fetch_functions();
+	generate_deletion_functions();
+	generate_full_iterations();
+	generate_index_functions();
+	generate_initialization();
+
+	if (tfile != NULL)
+		generate_test(tfile, hfilename);
+	if (vfile != NULL)
+		generate_verification(vfile, hfilename);
+}
+
+/*
+  This is a little emacs-lisp keybinding to help with the
+   long line continuations
+
+  Local Variables:
+  eval:(defun insert-string-continuation () (interactive)   (let ((spaces-needed (- 76 (current-column))))    (insert-char ?  spaces-needed)    (insert "\\n\\")))
+  eval:(local-set-key "\C-cc" 'insert-string-continuation)
+  End:
+*/
diff --git a/db_sql/generate_test.c b/db_sql/generate_test.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2618386
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/generate_test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,565 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This compilation unit contains functions related to the generation
+ * of a simple smoke test for the generated storage layer.
+ */
+#include "generation.h"
+
+extern int maxbinsz; /* defined in buildpt.c */
+
+static FILE *test_file;   /* stream for generated test code */
+static int test_indent_level = 0;
+
+static void pr_test(char *, ...);
+static void pr_test_comment(char *, ...);
+static void callback_function_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void callback_function_exit_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void callback_function_attrop(ENTITY *, ATTRIBUTE *, int, int);
+static void declare_record_instances_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void initialize_database_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void initialize_index_enter_entop(DB_INDEX *);
+static void insertion_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void insertion_test_exit_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void insertion_test_attrop(ENTITY *, ATTRIBUTE *, int, int);
+static void retrieval_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void retrieval_test_exit_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void retrieval_test_attrop(ENTITY *, ATTRIBUTE *, int, int);
+static void invoke_full_iteration_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void invoke_full_iteration_exit_entop(ENTITY *e);
+static void invoke_query_iteration_idxop(DB_INDEX *);
+static void deletion_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void deletion_test_exit_entop(ENTITY *e);
+static void close_secondary_test_idxop(DB_INDEX *);
+static void close_primary_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void remove_secondary_test_idxop(DB_INDEX *);
+static void remove_primary_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+
+/*
+ * Generate_test is the sole entry point in this module.  It
+ * orchestrates the generation of the C code for the smoke test.
+ */
+void
+generate_test(tfile, hfilename)
+	FILE *tfile;
+	char *hfilename;
+{
+	test_file = tfile;
+
+	pr_test_comment(
+"Simple test for a Berkeley DB implementation                               \n\
+generated from SQL DDL by db_sql                                            \n\
+");
+
+	pr_test("\n#include \"%s\"\n\n", hfilename);
+
+	if (maxbinsz != 0) {
+        	pr_test_comment("Test data for raw binary types");
+        	pr_test("#define MAXBINSZ %d\n", maxbinsz);
+        	pr_test("char binary_data[MAXBINSZ];\n\n");
+        	pr_test_comment("A very simple binary comparison function");
+		pr_test(
+"char * compare_binary(char *p, int len)                                    \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ if (memcmp(p, binary_data, len) == 0)                                      \n\
+  return \"*binary values match*\";                                         \n\
+ return \"*binary values don't match*\";                                    \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+                                                                            \n\
+");
+	}
+
+	pr_test_comment(
+"These are the iteration callback functions.  One is defined per            \n\
+database(table).  They are used for both full iterations and for            \n\
+secondary index queries.  When a retrieval returns multiple records,        \n\
+as in full iteration over an entire database, one of these functions        \n\
+is called for each record found");
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&callback_function_enter_entop,
+	    &callback_function_exit_entop,
+	    &callback_function_attrop);
+
+	pr_test(
+"                                                                           \n\
+main(int argc, char **argv)                                                 \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ int i;                                                                     \n\
+ int ret; 								    \n\
+									    \n\
+");
+	test_indent_level++;
+	iterate_over_entities(&declare_record_instances_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+	    
+	iterate_over_entities(&initialize_database_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+
+	iterate_over_indexes(&initialize_index_enter_entop);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	
+	if (maxbinsz != 0) {
+		pr_test_comment(
+                    "Fill the binary test data with random values");
+		pr_test(
+"for (i = 0; i < MAXBINSZ; i++) binary_data[i] = rand();\n\n");
+	}
+
+	pr_test_comment(
+"Use the convenience method to initialize the environment.                  \n\
+The initializations for each entity and environment can be                  \n\
+done discretely if you prefer, but this is the easy way.");
+	pr_test(
+"ret = initialize_%s_environment();                                         \n\
+if (ret != 0){                                                              \n\
+printf(\"Initialize error\");                                               \n\
+return ret;                                                                 \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+                                                                            \n\
+",
+		    the_schema.environment.name);
+
+	pr_test_comment(
+"Now that everything is initialized, insert a single                        \n\
+record into each database, using the ...insert_fields                       \n\
+functions.  These functions take each field of the                          \n\
+record as a separate argument");
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&insertion_test_enter_entop,
+	    &insertion_test_exit_entop,
+	    &insertion_test_attrop);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment(
+"Next, retrieve the records just inserted, looking them up                  \n\
+by their key values");
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&retrieval_test_enter_entop,
+	    &retrieval_test_exit_entop,
+	    &retrieval_test_attrop);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment(
+"Now try iterating over every record, using the ...full_iteration           \n\
+functions for each database.  For each record found, the                    \n\
+appropriate ...iteration_callback_test function will be invoked             \n\
+(these are defined above).");
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&invoke_full_iteration_enter_entop,
+	    &invoke_full_iteration_exit_entop,
+	    NULL);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment(
+"For the secondary indexes, query for the known keys.  This also            \n\
+results in the ...iteration_callback_test function's being called           \n\
+for each record found.");
+
+	iterate_over_indexes(&invoke_query_iteration_idxop);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment(
+"Now delete a record from each database using its primary key.");
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&deletion_test_enter_entop,
+	    &deletion_test_exit_entop,
+	    NULL);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	test_indent_level--;
+        pr_test("exit_error:\n");
+        test_indent_level++;
+	
+	pr_test_comment("Close the secondary index databases");
+	iterate_over_indexes(&close_secondary_test_idxop);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment("Close the primary databases");
+	iterate_over_entities(&close_primary_test_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment("Delete the secondary index databases");
+	iterate_over_indexes(&remove_secondary_test_idxop);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment("Delete the primary databases");
+	iterate_over_entities(&remove_primary_test_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment("Finally, close the environment");
+	pr_test("%s_envp->close(%s_envp, 0);\n",
+	    the_schema.environment.name, the_schema.environment.name);
+
+        pr_test("return ret;\n");
+	test_indent_level--;
+	pr_test("}\n");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Emit a printf-formatted string into the test code file.
+ */
+static void
+pr_test(char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	char *s;
+	static int enable_indent = 1;
+
+	s = prepare_string(fmt, 
+	    enable_indent ? test_indent_level : 0,
+	    0);
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vfprintf(test_file, s, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+        /*
+	 * If the last char emitted was a newline, enable indentation
+	 * for the next time.
+	 */
+	if (s[strlen(s) - 1] == '\n')
+		enable_indent = 1;
+	else
+		enable_indent = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Emit a formatted comment into the test file.
+ */
+static void
+pr_test_comment(char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	char *s;
+
+	s = prepare_string(fmt, test_indent_level, 1);
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vfprintf(test_file, s, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the appropriate printf format string for the given type.
+ */
+static char *
+format_string_for_type(ATTR_TYPE *t)
+{
+	char *c_type = t->c_type;
+
+	if (is_array(t)) {
+		return ("%s");
+	} else if (strcmp(c_type, "char") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(c_type, "short") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(c_type, "int") == 0) {
+		return("%d");
+	} else  if (strcmp(c_type, "long") == 0) {
+		return("%ld");
+	} else if (strcmp(c_type, "float") == 0) {
+		return("%f");
+	} else if (strcmp(c_type, "double") == 0) {
+		return("%lf");
+	} else {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		    "Unexpected C type in schema: %s", c_type);
+		assert(0);
+	}
+	return NULL; /*NOTREACHED*/
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return a data literal appropriate for the given type, to use as test data.
+ */
+static char *
+data_value_for_type(ATTR_TYPE *t)
+{
+	char *c_type = t->c_type;
+
+	if (is_string(t)) {
+		/* If the field is really short, use a tiny string */
+		if (t->array_dim < 12)
+			return("\"n\"");
+		return("\"ninety-nine\"");
+	} else if (is_array(t)) {
+		return("binary_data");
+	} else if (strcmp(c_type, "char") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(c_type, "short") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(c_type, "int") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(c_type, "long") == 0) {
+		return("99");
+	} else if (strcmp(c_type, "float") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(c_type, "double") == 0) {
+		return("99.5");
+	} else {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		    "Unexpected C type in schema: %s", c_type);
+		assert(0);
+	}
+	return NULL; /*NOTREACHED*/
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is called by the attribute iterator
+ * when producing test code that declares record instances.
+ */
+static void
+declare_record_instances_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test("%s_data %s_record;\n", e->name, e->name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is called by the attribute iterator
+ * when producing test code that initialized database handle.
+ */
+static void
+initialize_database_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test("%s_dbp = NULL;\n", e->name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is called by the attribute iterator
+ * when producing test code that initialized index handle.
+ */
+static void
+initialize_index_enter_entop(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	pr_test("%s_dbp = NULL;\n", idx->name);
+}
+
+static void
+invoke_full_iteration_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test(
+"ret = %s_full_iteration(%s_dbp, &%s_iteration_callback_test,               \n\
+  \"retrieval of %s record through full iteration\");\n",
+	    e->name, e->name, e->name, e->name);
+}
+static void
+invoke_full_iteration_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+        COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+	pr_test(
+"if (ret != 0){                                                             \n\
+ printf(\"Full Iteration Error\\n\");                                       \n\
+ goto exit_error;                                                           \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+                                                                            \n\
+");
+}
+
+/*
+ * This index operation function is called by the attribute iterator
+ * when producing test code that creates the secondary databases.
+ */
+static void
+invoke_query_iteration_idxop(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	ATTR_TYPE *key_type = idx->attribute->type;
+
+	pr_test("%s_query_iteration(%s_dbp, ",
+	    idx->name, idx->name);
+
+	pr_test("%s", data_value_for_type(key_type));
+	
+	pr_test(
+",\n  &%s_iteration_callback_test,                                          \n\
+  \"retrieval of %s record through %s query\");\n",
+		    idx->primary->name, idx->primary->name, idx->name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when generating insertion test code.
+ */
+static void
+insertion_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test("ret = %s_insert_fields( %s_dbp, ", e->name, e->name);
+}
+static void
+insertion_test_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+	pr_test(");\n");
+        pr_test(
+"if (ret != 0){                                                            \n\
+ printf(\"Insert error\\n\");                                              \n\
+ goto exit_error;                                                          \n\
+}                                                                          \n\
+                                                                           \n\
+");
+}
+static void
+insertion_test_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(first, 0);
+
+	pr_test("%s", data_value_for_type(a->type));
+	if (!last)
+		pr_test(", ");
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of index and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when generating the iteration
+ * callback function.
+ */
+static void
+callback_function_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(first, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(last, 0);
+
+	pr_test("printf(\"%s->%s: ", e->name, a->name);
+	
+	pr_test("%s", format_string_for_type(a->type));
+
+	if (is_array(a->type) && !is_string(a->type)) {
+		pr_test("\\n\", compare_binary(%s_record->%s, %s));\n", 
+		    e->name, a->name, array_dim_name(e, a) );
+	} else {
+		pr_test("\\n\", %s_record->%s);\n", e->name, a->name);
+	}
+}
+static void
+callback_function_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test(
+"                                                                           \n\
+void %s_iteration_callback_test(void *msg, %s_data *%s_record)              \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ printf(\"In iteration callback, message is: %%s\\n\", (char *)msg);\n\n",
+	    e->name, e->name, e->name);
+	
+	test_indent_level++;
+}
+static void
+callback_function_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+
+	test_indent_level--;
+	pr_test("}\n\n");
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when generating retrieval test code
+ */
+static void
+retrieval_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+        pr_test("\nprintf(\"Retrieval of %s record by key\\n\");\n", e->name);
+	pr_test("ret = get_%s_data( %s_dbp, %s, &%s_record);\n\n",
+	    e->name, e->name, 
+	    data_value_for_type(e->primary_key->type), e->name);
+}
+static void
+retrieval_test_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+        pr_test(
+"if (ret != 0)                                                              \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ printf(\"Retrieve error\\n\");                                             \n\
+ goto exit_error;                                                           \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+                                                                            \n\
+");
+}
+
+static void
+retrieval_test_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(first, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(last, 0);
+
+	pr_test("printf(\"%s.%s: ", e->name, a->name);
+
+	pr_test("%s", format_string_for_type(a->type));
+
+	if (is_array(a->type) && !is_string(a->type)) {
+		pr_test("\\n\", compare_binary(%s_record.%s, %s));\n", 
+		    e->name, a->name, array_dim_name(e, a) );
+	} else {
+		pr_test("\\n\", %s_record.%s);\n", e->name, a->name);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is
+ * called by the attribute iterator when generating deletion test code.
+ */
+static void
+deletion_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+        pr_test("ret = delete_%s_key( %s_dbp, %s);\n",
+            e->name, e->name, data_value_for_type(e->primary_key->type));
+}
+static void
+deletion_test_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+        COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+	pr_test(
+"if (ret != 0) {                                                            \n\
+ printf(\"Delete error\\n\");                                               \n\
+ goto exit_error;                                                           \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+                                                                            \n\
+");
+}
+
+/* This entity operation function generates primary database closures. */
+static void
+close_primary_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+        pr_test(
+"if (%s_dbp != NULL)                                                        \n\
+ %s_dbp->close(%s_dbp, 0);                                                  \n\
+									    \n\
+",
+ 	    e->name, e->name, e->name);
+}
+
+/* This entity operation function generates secondary database closures. */
+static void
+close_secondary_test_idxop(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+        pr_test(
+"if (%s_dbp != NULL)                                                       \n\
+ %s_dbp->close(%s_dbp, 0);                                                 \n\
+                                                                           \n\
+", 
+	    idx->name, idx->name, idx->name);
+}
+
+/* This entity operation function generates primary database closures. */
+static void
+remove_primary_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test("remove_%s_database(%s_envp);\n", e->name,
+	    the_schema.environment.name);
+}
+
+/* This entity operation function generates secondary database closures. */
+static void
+remove_secondary_test_idxop(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	pr_test("remove_%s_index(%s_envp);\n", idx->name,
+	    the_schema.environment.name);
+}
diff --git a/db_sql/generate_verification.c b/db_sql/generate_verification.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b1a5766
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/generate_verification.c
@@ -0,0 +1,825 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This compilation unit contains functions related to the generation
+ * of a test for the generated storage layer.
+ */
+#include "generation.h"
+
+extern int maxbinsz; /* defined in buildpt.c */
+
+#define	CASENUM 19
+#define	CTYPENUM 4
+
+char * data_set[CASENUM][CTYPENUM] = {
+    {"\"0\"", "\"zero\"", "0", "0"},
+    {"\"1\"", "\"one\"", "1", "1.1"},
+    {"\"2\"", "\"two\"", "2", "2.2"},
+    {"\"3\"", "\"three\"", "3", "3.3"},
+    {"\"4\"", "\"four\"", "4", "4.4"},
+    {"\"5\"", "\"five\"", "5", "5.5"},
+    {"\"6\"", "\"six\"", "6", "6.6"},
+    {"\"7\"", "\"seven\"", "7", "7.7"},
+    {"\"8\"", "\"eight\"", "8", "8.8"},
+    {"\"9\"", "\"nine\"", "9", "9.9"},
+    {"\"A\"", "\"eleven\"", "11", "11.1"},
+    {"\"B\"", "\"twenty-two\"", "22", "22.2"},
+    {"\"C\"", "\"thirty-three\"", "33", "33.3"},
+    {"\"D\"", "\"forty-four\"", "44", "44.4"},
+    {"\"E\"", "\"fifty-five\"", "55", "55.5"},
+    {"\"F\"", "\"sixty-six\"", "66", "66.6"},
+    {"\"G\"", "\"seventy-seven\"", "77", "77.7"},
+    {"\"H\"", "\"eighty-eight\"", "88", "88.8"},
+    {"\"I\"", "\"ninety-nine\"", "99", "99.9"}};
+
+static FILE *test_file;   /* stream for generated test code */
+static int round = 0;
+static int test_indent_level = 0;
+
+void generate_verification(FILE *, char *);
+static void pr_test(char *, ...);
+static void pr_test_comment(char *, ...);
+static void callback_function_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void callback_function_exit_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void callback_function_attrop(ENTITY *, ATTRIBUTE *, int, int);
+static void declare_record_instances_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void define_records_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void define_records_exit_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void define_records_fields_attrop(ENTITY *, ATTRIBUTE *, int, int);
+
+static void initialize_database_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void initialize_index_enter_entop(DB_INDEX *);
+static void insertion_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void insertion_test_exit_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void insertion_test_attrop(ENTITY *, ATTRIBUTE *, int, int);
+static void retrieval_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void retrieval_test_exit_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void retrieval_test_attrop(ENTITY *, ATTRIBUTE *, int, int);
+static void invoke_full_iteration_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void invoke_full_iteration_exit_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void invoke_query_iteration_idxop(DB_INDEX *);
+static void deletion_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void deletion_test_exit_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void close_secondary_test_idxop(DB_INDEX *);
+static void close_primary_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+static void remove_secondary_test_idxop(DB_INDEX *);
+static void remove_primary_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *);
+
+/*
+ * generate_verification is the test entry point in this module.  It
+ * orchestrates the generation of the C code for tests.
+ */
+void
+generate_verification(vfile, hfilename)
+	FILE *vfile;
+	char *hfilename;
+{
+	test_file = vfile;
+
+	pr_test_comment(
+"Simple test for a Berkeley DB implementation                               \n\
+generated from SQL DDL by db_sql                                            \n\
+");
+	pr_test("#include <assert.h>\n");
+	pr_test("#include <math.h>\n\n");
+
+	pr_test("\n#include \"%s\"\n\n", hfilename);
+
+	if (maxbinsz != 0) {
+		pr_test_comment("Test data for raw binary types");
+		pr_test("#define MAXBINSZ %d\n\n", maxbinsz);
+		pr_test("char binary_data[%d][MAXBINSZ];\n", CASENUM);
+	}
+
+	pr_test("int count_iteration;\n\n");
+
+	pr_test_comment("Test data for input record");
+	iterate_over_entities(&define_records_enter_entop,
+	    &define_records_exit_entop,
+	    NULL);
+
+	if (maxbinsz != 0) {
+		pr_test_comment("A very simple binary comparison function");
+		pr_test(
+"int compare_binary(char *p, int len, int dem)                              \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ if (memcmp(p, binary_data[dem], len) == 0) {                               \n\
+  return 0;                                                                 \n\
+ } else {                                                                   \n\
+  return 1;                                                                 \n\
+ }                                                                          \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+");
+	}
+
+	pr_test_comment(
+"These are the iteration callback functions.  One is defined per            \n\
+database(table).  They are used for both full iterations and for            \n\
+secondary index queries.  When a retrieval returns multiple records,        \n\
+as in full iteration over an entire database, one of these functions        \n\
+is called for each record found");
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&callback_function_enter_entop,
+	    &callback_function_exit_entop,
+	    &callback_function_attrop);
+
+	pr_test(
+"                                                                           \n\
+main(int argc, char **argv)                                                 \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+ int i;                                                                     \n\
+ int j;                                                                     \n\
+ int ret;                                                                   \n\
+ int occurence;                                                             \n\
+									    \n\
+");
+	test_indent_level++;
+	iterate_over_entities(&declare_record_instances_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&initialize_database_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+
+	iterate_over_indexes(&initialize_index_enter_entop);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+
+	if (maxbinsz != 0) {
+		pr_test_comment("Fill the binary test data with random values");
+		pr_test(
+"for (i = 0; i < %d; i++)                                                   \n\
+ for (j = 0; j < MAXBINSZ; j++)                                             \n\
+  binary_data[i][j] = rand();                                               \n\
+									    \n\
+",
+	    CASENUM);
+	}
+
+	pr_test_comment(
+"Use the convenience method to initialize the environment.                  \n\
+The initializations for each entity and environment can be                  \n\
+done discretely if you prefer, but this is the easy way.");
+	pr_test(
+"ret = initialize_%s_environment();                                         \n\
+if (ret != 0) {                                                             \n\
+ printf(\"Initialize error\");                                              \n\
+ return ret;                                                                \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+",
+		    the_schema.environment.name);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment(
+"Now that everything is initialized, insert some records                    \n\
+into each database, retrieve and verify them");
+
+	pr_test("for (i = 0; i < %d; i++) {\n", CASENUM);
+	test_indent_level++;
+	pr_test_comment(
+"First, insert some records into each database using                        \n\
+the ...insert_fields functions.  These functions take                       \n\
+each field of the record as a separate argument");
+	iterate_over_entities(&insertion_test_enter_entop,
+	    &insertion_test_exit_entop,
+	    &insertion_test_attrop);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment(
+"Next, retrieve the records just inserted, looking them up                  \n\
+by their key values");
+
+	iterate_over_entities(&retrieval_test_enter_entop,
+	    &retrieval_test_exit_entop,
+	    &retrieval_test_attrop);
+
+	test_indent_level--;
+	pr_test("}\n");
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment(
+"Now try iterating over every record, using the ...full_iteration           \n\
+functions for each database.  For each record found, the                    \n\
+appropriate ...iteration_callback_test function will be invoked             \n\
+(these are defined above).");
+	iterate_over_entities(&invoke_full_iteration_enter_entop,
+	    &invoke_full_iteration_exit_entop,
+	    NULL);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment(
+"For the secondary indexes, query for the known keys.  This also            \n\
+results in the ...iteration_callback_test function's being called           \n\
+for each record found.");
+
+	iterate_over_indexes(&invoke_query_iteration_idxop);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment(
+"Now delete a record from each database using its primary key.");
+
+	for (round = 0; round < CASENUM; round++) {
+		iterate_over_entities(&deletion_test_enter_entop,
+		    &deletion_test_exit_entop,
+		    NULL);
+	}
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+
+	test_indent_level--;
+	pr_test("exit_error:\n");
+	test_indent_level++;
+
+	pr_test_comment("Close the secondary index databases");
+	iterate_over_indexes(&close_secondary_test_idxop);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment("Close the primary databases");
+	iterate_over_entities(&close_primary_test_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment("Delete the secondary index databases");
+	iterate_over_indexes(&remove_secondary_test_idxop);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment("Delete the primary databases");
+	iterate_over_entities(&remove_primary_test_enter_entop,
+	    NULL,
+	    NULL);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test_comment("Finally, close the environment");
+	pr_test("%s_envp->close(%s_envp, 0);\n",
+	    the_schema.environment.name, the_schema.environment.name);
+
+	pr_test("\n");
+	pr_test(
+"if (ret == 0)                                                              \n\
+ printf(\"*****WELL DONE!*****\\n\");                                       \n\
+");
+
+	pr_test("return ret;\n");
+	test_indent_level--;
+
+	pr_test("}\n");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Emit a printf-formatted string into the test code file.
+ */
+static void
+pr_test(char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	char *s;
+	static int enable_indent = 1;
+
+	s = prepare_string(fmt,
+	    enable_indent ? test_indent_level : 0,
+	    0);
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vfprintf(test_file, s, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+
+	/*
+	 * If the last char emitted was a newline, enable indentation
+	 * for the next time.
+	 */
+	if (s[strlen(s) - 1] == '\n')
+		enable_indent = 1;
+	else
+		enable_indent = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Emit a formatted comment into the test file.
+ */
+static void
+pr_test_comment(char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	char *s;
+
+	s = prepare_string(fmt, test_indent_level, 1);
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	vfprintf(test_file, s, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return a data literal appropriate for the given type, to use as test value.
+ * No duplicate values will be got in this function.
+ */
+static char *
+data_value_for_type(ATTR_TYPE *t)
+{
+	char *c_type = t->c_type;
+	char *bin_array = NULL;
+	const char *bin_name = "binary_data[";
+	int bin_len = 0;
+	int count_bit;
+	int quote;
+
+	if (is_string(t)) {
+		/* If the field is really short, use a tiny string */
+		if (t->array_dim < 12)
+			return (data_set[round][0]);
+		return (data_set[round][1]);
+	} else if (is_array(t)) {
+		for (quote = round, count_bit = 1; quote > 0;
+		    quote/=10, count_bit++);
+		bin_len = strlen(bin_name) + count_bit + 2;
+		bin_array = (char *)malloc(bin_len);
+		memset(bin_array, 0, bin_len);
+		snprintf(bin_array, bin_len, "%s%d%c", bin_name, round, ']');
+		return (bin_array);
+	} else if (strcmp(c_type, "char") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(c_type, "short") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(c_type, "int") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(c_type, "long") == 0) {
+		return (data_set[round][2]);
+	} else if (strcmp(c_type, "float") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(c_type, "double") == 0) {
+		return (data_set[round][3]);
+	} else {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		    "Unexpected C type in schema: %s", c_type);
+		assert(0);
+	}
+	return NULL; /*NOTREACHED*/
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is called by the attribute iterator
+ * when producing test code that defines record instances.
+ */
+static void
+define_records_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test("%s_data %s_record_array[] = {\n",
+	    e->name, e->name);
+	test_indent_level++;
+	for (round = 0; round < CASENUM; round++) {
+		pr_test("{");
+		iterate_over_attributes(e, &define_records_fields_attrop);
+		pr_test("}");
+		if (round < CASENUM -1)
+			pr_test(",");
+
+		pr_test("\n");
+	}
+	test_indent_level--;
+}
+static void
+define_records_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+	pr_test("};\n\n");
+}
+static void
+define_records_fields_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	int get_row_num;
+
+	COMPQUIET(first, 0);
+
+	if ((e->primary_key != a) && round > 9)
+		get_row_num = round - 10;
+	else
+		get_row_num = round;
+
+	if (is_array(a->type) && !is_string(a->type)) {
+		pr_test("{0}");
+	} else if (is_string(a->type)) {
+		if (a->type->array_dim < 12)
+		      pr_test(data_set[get_row_num][0]);
+		else
+		      pr_test(data_set[get_row_num][1]);
+	} else if (strcmp(a->type->c_type, "char") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(a->type->c_type, "short") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(a->type->c_type, "int") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(a->type->c_type, "long") == 0) {
+		pr_test(data_set[get_row_num][2]);
+	} else if (strcmp(a->type->c_type, "float") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(a->type->c_type, "double") == 0) {
+		pr_test(data_set[get_row_num][3]);
+	} else {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		    "Unexpected C type in schema: %s", a->type->c_type);
+		assert(0);
+	}
+	if (!last)
+		pr_test(", ");
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is called by the attribute iterator
+ * when producing test code that declares record instances.
+ */
+static void
+declare_record_instances_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test("%s_data %s_record;\n", e->name, e->name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is called by the attribute iterator
+ * when producing test code that initialized database handle.
+ */
+static void
+initialize_database_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test("%s_dbp = NULL;\n", e->name);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is called by the attribute iterator
+ * when producing test code that initialized index handle.
+ */
+static void
+initialize_index_enter_entop(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	pr_test("%s_dbp = NULL;\n", idx->name);
+}
+
+static void
+invoke_full_iteration_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test("count_iteration = 0;\n");
+	pr_test(
+"ret = %s_full_iteration(%s_dbp, &%s_iteration_callback_test,               \n\
+  \"retrieval of %s record through full iteration\");\n",
+	    e->name, e->name, e->name, e->name);
+}
+
+static void
+invoke_full_iteration_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test(
+"if (ret != 0) {                                                            \n\
+ printf(\"Full Iteration Error\\n\");                                       \n\
+ goto exit_error;                                                           \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+printf(\"%s full iteration: %%d\\n\", count_iteration);                     \n\
+assert(count_iteration == %d);                                              \n\
+									    \n\
+",
+	    e->name, CASENUM);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This index operation function is called by the attribute iterator
+ * when producing test code that creates the secondary databases.
+ */
+static void
+invoke_query_iteration_idxop(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	ATTRIBUTE *a = idx->attribute;
+
+	pr_test("for (i = 0; i < %d; i++) {\n", CASENUM);
+	test_indent_level++;
+	pr_test("count_iteration = 0;\n");
+	pr_test("%s_query_iteration(%s_dbp, ",
+	    idx->name, idx->name);
+	pr_test("%s_record_array[i].%s",
+	    idx->primary->name, a->name);
+	pr_test(
+	    ",\n   &%s_iteration_callback_test,                             \n\
+   \"retrieval of %s record through %s query\");\n\n",
+	    idx->primary->name, idx->primary->name, idx->name);
+	pr_test(
+"printf(\"%s_record_array[%%d].%s: %%d\\n\", i, count_iteration);\n",
+	    idx->primary->name, a->name,
+	    idx->primary->name, a->name);
+
+	if (is_array(a->type) && !is_string(a->type)) {
+		pr_test("assert(count_iteration == 1);\n");
+	} else {
+	       pr_test("occurence = 0;\n");
+		pr_test("for (j = 0; j < %d; j++) {\n", CASENUM);
+		test_indent_level++;
+
+		if (is_string(a->type)) {
+			pr_test(
+"if (strcmp(%s_record_array[j].%s, %s_record_array[i].%s) == 0) {\n",
+			    idx->primary->name, a->name,
+			    idx->primary->name, a->name);
+		} else if ((strcmp(a->type->c_type, "float") == 0) ||
+		    (strcmp(a->type->c_type, "double") == 0)) {
+			pr_test(
+"if (fabs(%s_record_array[j].%s - %s_record_array[i].%s) <= 0.00001) {\n",
+			    idx->primary->name, a->name,
+			    idx->primary->name, a->name);
+		} else {
+			pr_test(
+"if (%s_record_array[j].%s == %s_record_array[i].%s) {\n",
+			    idx->primary->name, a->name,
+			    idx->primary->name, a->name);
+		}
+
+		test_indent_level++;
+		pr_test("occurence++;\n");
+		test_indent_level--;
+		pr_test("}\n");
+		test_indent_level--;
+		pr_test("}\n");
+		pr_test("assert(count_iteration == occurence);\n");
+	}
+
+	test_indent_level--;
+	pr_test("}\n\n");
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when generating insertion test code.
+ */
+static void
+insertion_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test("ret = %s_insert_fields( %s_dbp, \n", e->name, e->name);
+}
+
+static void
+insertion_test_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test(
+"if (ret != 0) {                                                            \n\
+ printf(\"ERROR IN INSERT NO.%%d record in %s_dbp\\n\", i);                 \n\
+ goto exit_error;                                                           \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+",
+	     e->name);
+}
+
+static void
+insertion_test_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	if (first)
+		test_indent_level++;
+
+	if (is_array(a->type) && !is_string(a->type))
+		pr_test("binary_data[i]");
+	else
+		pr_test("%s_record_array[i].%s", e->name, a->name);
+
+	if (!last)
+		pr_test(", \n");
+	else {
+	       pr_test(");\n");
+	       test_indent_level--;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of index and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when generating the iteration
+ * callback function.
+ */
+static void
+callback_function_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test(
+"void %s_iteration_callback_test(void *msg, %s_data *%s_record)             \n\
+{                                                                           \n\
+",
+	    e->name, e->name, e->name);
+	test_indent_level++;
+	pr_test(
+"int i;                                                                     \n\
+int same = 0;                                                               \n\
+									    \n\
+for (i = 0; i < %d; i++) {                                                  \n\
+",
+	    CASENUM);
+	test_indent_level++;
+}
+static void
+callback_function_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+
+	pr_test(") {\n");
+	test_indent_level--;
+	pr_test(
+"same = 1;                                                                  \n\
+break;                                                                      \n\
+");
+	test_indent_level--;
+	pr_test("}\n");
+	test_indent_level--;
+	pr_test("}\n\n");
+	pr_test(
+"if (same == 0)                                                             \n\
+ assert(0);                                                                 \n\
+else                                                                        \n\
+ count_iteration++;                                                         \n\
+");
+
+	test_indent_level--;
+	pr_test("}\n\n");
+}
+static void
+callback_function_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	if (first)
+		pr_test("if (");
+
+	if (is_array(a->type) && !is_string(a->type)) {
+		pr_test("(compare_binary(%s_record->%s, %s, i) == 0) ",
+		    e->name, a->name, array_dim_name(e, a), a->name);
+	} else if (is_string(a->type)) {
+		pr_test(
+		    "(strcmp(%s_record->%s, %s_record_array[i].%s) == 0) ",
+		    e->name, a->name, e->name, a->name);
+	} else if ((strcmp(a->type->c_type, "float") == 0) ||
+	    (strcmp(a->type->c_type, "double") == 0)) {
+		pr_test(
+"(fabs(%s_record->%s - %s_record_array[i].%s) <= 0.00001) ",
+		    e->name, a->name, e->name, a->name);
+	} else {
+		pr_test("(%s_record->%s == %s_record_array[i].%s) ",
+		    e->name, a->name, e->name, a->name);
+	}
+
+	if (!last)
+	       pr_test("&&\n");
+
+	if (first)
+	       test_indent_level += 2;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This next group of entity and attribute operation functions are
+ * called by the attribute iterator when generating retrieval test code
+ */
+static void
+retrieval_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test("ret = get_%s_data( %s_dbp, ", e->name, e->name);
+	if (is_array(e->primary_key->type) && !is_string(e->primary_key->type))
+	       pr_test("binary_data[i], ");
+	else
+		pr_test("%s_record_array[i].%s, ",
+		    e->name, e->primary_key->name);
+	pr_test("&%s_record);\n", e->name);
+	pr_test(
+"if (ret != 0) {                                                            \n\
+ printf(\"ERROR IN RETRIEVE NO.%%d record in %s_dbp\\n\", i);               \n\
+ goto exit_error;                                                           \n\
+}                                                                           \n\
+									    \n\
+",
+	    e->name);
+}
+
+static void
+retrieval_test_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(e, NULL);
+	pr_test("\n");
+}
+
+static void
+retrieval_test_attrop(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, int first, int last)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(first, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(last, 0);
+
+	pr_test("assert(");
+
+	if (is_array(a->type) && !is_string(a->type)) {
+		pr_test("compare_binary(%s_record.%s, %s, i) == 0);\n",
+		    e->name, a->name, array_dim_name(e, a));
+	} else if (is_string(a->type)) {
+		pr_test(
+"strcmp(%s_record.%s, %s_record_array[i].%s) == 0);\n",
+		    e->name, a->name, e->name, a->name);
+	} else if ((strcmp(a->type->c_type, "float") == 0) ||
+	    (strcmp(a->type->c_type, "double") == 0)) {
+		pr_test(
+"(fabs(%s_record.%s - %s_record_array[i].%s) <= 0.00001));\n",
+		    e->name, a->name, e->name, a->name);
+	} else {
+		pr_test("%s_record.%s == %s_record_array[i].%s);\n",
+		    e->name, a->name, e->name, a->name);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * This entity operation function is
+ * called by the attribute iterator when generating deletion test code.
+ */
+static void
+deletion_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test("ret = delete_%s_key( %s_dbp, %s);\n",
+	       e->name, e->name, data_value_for_type(e->primary_key->type));
+}
+
+static void
+deletion_test_exit_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	ATTRIBUTE *a = e->primary_key;
+	char *key;
+	char * return_value;
+	int i, column;
+
+	key = data_value_for_type(a->type);
+	return_value = "0";
+	i = 0;
+	column = 0;
+
+	if (is_string(a->type)) {
+		if (a->type->array_dim < 12)
+			column = 0;
+		else
+			column = 1;
+	} else if (is_array(a->type)) {
+		column = CTYPENUM;
+	} else if (strcmp(a->type->c_type, "char") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(a->type->c_type, "short") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(a->type->c_type, "int") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(a->type->c_type, "long") == 0) {
+		column = 2;
+	} else if (strcmp(a->type->c_type, "float") == 0 ||
+	    strcmp(a->type->c_type, "double") == 0) {
+		column = 3;
+	} else {
+		fprintf(stderr,
+		    "Unexpected C type in schema: %s", a->type->c_type);
+		assert(0);
+	}
+
+	if (column != CTYPENUM) {
+		while (i < round) {
+			if (strcmp(data_set[i][column], key) == 0) {
+				return_value = "DB_NOTFOUND";
+				break;
+			}
+			i++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	pr_test(
+"if (ret == %s)                                                             \n\
+ ret = 0;                                                                   \n\
+else {                                                                      \n\
+ printf(\"ERROR IN DELETE NO.%d record in %s_dbp\\n\");                     \n\
+ goto exit_error;                                                           \n\
+}\n\n",
+	    return_value, round + 1, e->name);
+}
+
+/* This entity operation function generates primary database closures. */
+static void
+close_primary_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test(
+"if (%s_dbp != NULL)                                                        \n\
+ %s_dbp->close(%s_dbp, 0);                                                  \n\
+									    \n\
+",
+		    e->name, e->name, e->name);
+}
+
+/* This entity operation function generates secondary database closures. */
+static void
+close_secondary_test_idxop(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	pr_test(
+"if (%s_dbp != NULL)                                                        \n\
+ %s_dbp->close(%s_dbp, 0);                                                  \n\
+									    \n\
+",
+		    idx->name, idx->name, idx->name);
+}
+
+/* This entity operation function generates primary database closures. */
+static void
+remove_primary_test_enter_entop(ENTITY *e)
+{
+	pr_test("remove_%s_database(%s_envp);\n", e->name,
+	    the_schema.environment.name);
+}
+
+/* This entity operation function generates secondary database closures. */
+static void
+remove_secondary_test_idxop(DB_INDEX *idx)
+{
+	pr_test("remove_%s_index(%s_envp);\n", idx->name,
+	    the_schema.environment.name);
+}
diff --git a/db_sql/generation.h b/db_sql/generation.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33576fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/generation.h
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This include file contains declarations shared between the code
+ * generation modules.
+ */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+
+#include "db_sql.h"
+
+/* Function pointer types to be invoked by the entity and attribute iterators */
+
+typedef void (*enter_entity_operation)(ENTITY *e);
+typedef void (*exit_entity_operation)(ENTITY *e);
+typedef void (*attribute_operation)(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a, 
+    int first, int last);
+typedef void (*index_operation)(DB_INDEX *idx);
+
+/* The entity and attribute iterator function prototypes */
+
+void iterate_over_entities(enter_entity_operation e_enter_op,
+    exit_entity_operation e_exit_op, 
+    attribute_operation a_op);
+void iterate_over_attributes(ENTITY *e, attribute_operation a_op);
+void iterate_over_indexes(index_operation i_op);
+
+/* Other common utilities used by the code generators */
+
+char *prepare_string(const char *in, int indent_level, int is_comment);
+int is_array(ATTR_TYPE *t);
+int is_string(ATTR_TYPE *t);
+char *custom_comparator_for_type(ATTR_TYPE *t);
+char *array_dim_name(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a);
+char *decl_name(ENTITY *e, ATTRIBUTE *a);
+char *serialized_length_name(ENTITY *e);
+char *upcase_env_name(ENVIRONMENT_INFO *envp);
+
+#define INDENT_MULTIPLIER 1  /* How many chars per indent level */
+#define INDENT_CHAR '\t'     /* Char to use for indenting */
diff --git a/db_sql/generation_utils.c b/db_sql/generation_utils.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..90d787c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/generation_utils.c
@@ -0,0 +1,320 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * These are common utility functions used by the code-generating
+ * modules.
+ */
+#include "generation.h"
+
+static int
+is_tab_or_space(c)
+	int c;
+{
+	return c == '\t' || c == ' ';
+}
+
+/*
+ * Copy a string, truncating whitespace that precedes a newline.  The
+ * copy is stored in a static buffer and returned.  Several customized
+ * printf wrappers (in generate.c and generate_test.c) use this
+ * function to truncate the long format strings that are used to make
+ * code-generation functions in those file slightly more readable.
+ * This also inserts the appropriate indentation string.
+ */
+char *
+prepare_string(in, indent_level, is_comment)
+	const char *in;
+	int indent_level;
+	int is_comment;
+{
+#define ttw_bufsiz 10240	
+	static char out[ttw_bufsiz];
+	int in_i, out_i, tmp_i;
+	int indentation;
+
+	indentation = indent_level * INDENT_MULTIPLIER;
+	in_i = 0;
+
+	for (out_i = 0; out_i < indentation; out_i++)
+		out[out_i] = INDENT_CHAR;
+
+	if (is_comment) {
+		out[out_i++] = '/';
+		out[out_i++] = '*';
+		out[out_i++] = '\n';
+	}
+
+	while (out_i < ttw_bufsiz) {
+		if (is_tab_or_space(in[in_i])) {
+			for (tmp_i = in_i;
+			     in[tmp_i] != '\0' && is_tab_or_space(in[tmp_i]); 
+			     tmp_i++)
+				;
+			if (in[tmp_i] == '\n')
+				in_i = tmp_i;
+		}
+
+		/* insert indentation after newline, unless we're at the end */
+		if ((out_i == 0 || out[out_i - 1] == '\n') && in[in_i] != '\0'){
+			for (tmp_i = out_i + indentation;
+			     out_i < tmp_i; 
+			     out_i++) {
+				assert(out_i < ttw_bufsiz);
+				out[out_i] = INDENT_CHAR;
+			}
+			if (is_comment) {
+				out[out_i++] = ' ';
+				out[out_i++] = '*';
+				out[out_i++] = ' ';
+			} else {
+				/* interpret spaces at the beginning of a line
+				   as further indentation levels.
+				   (1 space = 1 indentation level)
+				*/
+				for (;
+				     in[in_i] == ' ';
+				     in_i++)
+					for(tmp_i = out_i + INDENT_MULTIPLIER;
+					    out_i < tmp_i;
+					    out_i++) {
+						assert(out_i < ttw_bufsiz);
+						out[out_i] = INDENT_CHAR;
+					}
+			}
+		}
+
+		if ((out[out_i++] = in[in_i++]) == '\0') {
+			if (is_comment) {
+				out_i--; /* back up to the null just assigned */
+				/* if the last char isn't \n, add one */
+				if (out_i > 0 && out[out_i-1] != '\n')
+					out[out_i++] = '\n';
+				/* insert the indentation, as before */
+				for (tmp_i = out_i + indentation;
+				     out_i < tmp_i;
+				     out_i++) {
+					assert(out_i < ttw_bufsiz);
+					out[out_i] = INDENT_CHAR;
+				}
+				assert(out_i + 5 < ttw_bufsiz);
+				out[out_i++] = ' ';
+				out[out_i++] = '*';
+				out[out_i++] = '/';
+				out[out_i++] = '\n';
+				out[out_i++] = '\0';
+			}
+			return out;
+		}
+	}
+	assert(0); /* if this goes off, we exceeded ttw_bufsiz */
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * These entity/attribute iterator functions invoke the given
+ * functions at appropriate times during the iteration.
+ */
+void
+iterate_over_attributes(e, a_op)
+	ENTITY *e;
+	attribute_operation a_op;
+{
+	ATTRIBUTE *a;
+
+	for (a = e->attributes_head; a; a = a->next)
+		if (a_op)
+			(*a_op)(e, a, a == e->attributes_head, a->next == NULL);
+}
+
+void
+iterate_over_entities(e_enter_op, e_exit_op, a_op)
+	enter_entity_operation e_enter_op;
+	exit_entity_operation e_exit_op;
+	attribute_operation a_op;
+{
+	ENTITY *e;
+
+	for (e = the_schema.entities_head; e; e = e->next) {
+
+		if (e_enter_op)
+			(*e_enter_op)(e);
+
+		if (a_op)
+			iterate_over_attributes(e, a_op);
+
+		if (e_exit_op)
+			(*e_exit_op)(e);
+
+	}
+}
+
+void
+iterate_over_indexes(i_op)
+	index_operation i_op;
+{
+	DB_INDEX *idx;
+
+	for (idx = the_schema.indexes_head; idx; idx = idx->next)
+		(*i_op)(idx);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Indicate whether this type is a supported array type.
+ */
+
+int
+is_array(t)
+	ATTR_TYPE *t;
+{
+	return t->is_array;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Indicate whether this type is a char * string, whose size can be
+ * calculated with strlen.
+ */
+int
+is_string(t)
+	ATTR_TYPE *t;
+{
+	return t->is_string;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the name of the custom comparator for integer types.
+ */
+char *
+custom_comparator_for_type(t)
+	ATTR_TYPE *t;
+{
+	if (strcmp(t->c_type, "int") == 0)
+		return ("&compare_int");
+	if (strcmp(t->c_type, "long") == 0)
+		return ("&compare_long");
+	return "NULL";
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the name of an array dimension #defined constant.  Stores
+ * the name in the ATTRIBUTE structure if it is not already set.
+ */
+char *
+array_dim_name(e, a)
+	ENTITY *e;
+	ATTRIBUTE *a;
+{
+	char *s, *format;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (a->array_dim_name != NULL)
+		return a->array_dim_name;
+
+	format = "%s_data_%s_length";
+	len = strlen(format) - 4; /* subtract the format directives */
+	len += strlen(e->name);
+	len += strlen(a->name);
+	len += 1;                     /* add termination char */
+	
+	s = malloc(len);
+	snprintf(s, len, format, e->name, a->name);
+
+	assert(strlen(s) == len - 1);
+	
+	a->array_dim_name = s;
+	
+	/* now capitalize it */
+	for (; *s != '\0'; s++)
+		*s = toupper(*s);
+	
+	return a->array_dim_name;
+}
+
+char *
+decl_name(e, a)
+	ENTITY *e;
+	ATTRIBUTE *a;
+{		
+	char *s, *format, *dim_name;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (a->decl_name != NULL)
+		return a->decl_name;
+
+	if (!is_array(a->type))
+		a->decl_name = a->name;
+	else {
+
+		format = "%s[%s]";
+		dim_name = array_dim_name(e, a);
+		len = strlen(format) - 4; /* subtract format directives */
+		len += strlen(a->name);
+		len += strlen(dim_name);
+		len += 1;
+
+		s = malloc(len);
+		snprintf(s, len, format, a->name, dim_name);
+		assert(strlen(s) == len - 1);
+
+		a->decl_name = s;
+	}
+
+	return a->decl_name;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the name of an serialized length #defined constant.  Stores
+ * the name in the ENTITY structure if it is not already set.
+ */
+char *
+serialized_length_name(e)
+	ENTITY *e; 
+{
+	char *s, *format;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (e->serialized_length_name != NULL)
+		return e->serialized_length_name;
+
+	format = "%s_data_serialized_length";
+	len = strlen(format) - 2; /* subtract the format directives */
+	len += strlen(e->name);
+	len += 1;                     /* add termination char */
+	
+	s = malloc(len);
+	snprintf(s, len, format, e->name);
+
+	assert(strlen(s) == len - 1);
+	
+	e->serialized_length_name = s;
+	
+	/* now capitalize it */
+	for (; *s != '\0'; s++)
+		*s = toupper(*s);
+	
+	return e->serialized_length_name;
+}
+
+char *
+upcase_env_name(envp)
+	ENVIRONMENT_INFO *envp;
+{
+	char *s;
+	size_t len;
+
+	if (envp->uppercase_name != NULL)
+		return envp->uppercase_name;
+
+	len = strlen(envp->name)+ 1;
+	envp->uppercase_name = malloc(len);
+	memcpy(envp->uppercase_name, envp->name, len);
+
+	for (s = envp->uppercase_name; *s != '\0'; s++)
+		*s = toupper(*s);
+
+	return envp->uppercase_name;
+}
diff --git a/db_sql/hint_comment.c b/db_sql/hint_comment.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8204537
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/hint_comment.c
@@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * These are functions related to parsing and handling hint comments
+ * embedded in the input SQL DDL source.  Hint comments convey BDB
+ * configuration information that cannot be represented in SQL DDL.
+ */
+
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include "db_sql.h"
+
+static void
+hc_warn(char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	fprintf(stderr, "Warning: ");
+	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+	fprintf(stderr, ", near line %d\n", line_number);
+
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return a static copy of the given string, with the given length, in
+ * which all whitespace has been removed 
+ */
+static char *
+static_copy_minus_whitespace(in, len)
+	const char *in;
+	int len;
+{
+#define smw_bufsiz 10240
+	static char out[smw_bufsiz];
+	
+	int in_i;
+	int out_i;
+	int in_quote;
+	
+	in_quote = 0;
+	for (in_i = out_i = 0; in_i < len && in[in_i] != '\0'; in_i++) {
+		if (in[in_i] == '"') {
+			if (in_quote) in_quote = 0;
+			else in_quote = 1;
+		}
+	
+		if (in_quote || ! isspace(in[in_i])) {
+			out[out_i++] = in[in_i];
+			assert(out_i < smw_bufsiz);
+		}
+	}
+
+	out[out_i] = '\0';
+
+	return out;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Extract a string from the given token.  The returned copy is static
+ * and has had all whitespace removed.
+ */
+static char *
+hint_comment_from_token(t)
+	Token *t;
+{
+	int len;
+	char *p;
+
+	len = 0;
+	p = NULL;
+	if (t == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* The token should be a whole comment; verify that */
+
+	if (t->z[0] == '/') {
+		assert(t->n >= 4 &&
+		       t->z[1] == '*' &&
+		       t->z[t->n - 2] == '*' &&
+		       t->z[t->n - 1] == '/'); 
+		p = ((char *)t->z) + 2;
+		len = t->n - 4;
+	} else if (t->z[0] == '-') {
+		assert(t->n >= 3 &&
+		       t->z[1] == '-');
+		p = ((char *)t->z) + 2;
+		len = t->n - 2;
+	}
+
+	assert(p != NULL);
+
+	if (*p != '+')              /* the hint comment indicator */
+		return NULL;
+
+	return static_copy_minus_whitespace(p+1, len-1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Break a string into two parts at the delimiting char.  The left
+ * token is returned, while the right token, if any, is placed in
+ * *rest.  If found, the delimiting char in the input string is
+ * replaced with a null char, to terminate the left token string.
+ */
+static char *
+split(in, delimiter, rest)
+	char *in;
+	char delimiter;
+	char **rest;
+{
+	char *p;
+
+	*rest = NULL;
+
+	for (p = in; ! (*p == delimiter || *p == '\0'); p++)
+		;
+
+	if (*p != '\0') {
+		*rest = p + 1;
+		*p = '\0';
+	}
+
+	return in;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is basically strtoul with multipliers for suffixes such as k,
+ * m, g for kilobytes, megabytes, and gigabytes 
+ */
+static
+unsigned long int parse_integer(s)
+	char *s;
+{
+	unsigned long int x;
+	char *t;
+
+	x = strtoul(s, &t, 0);
+	if (s == t)
+		hc_warn("unparseable integer string %s", s);
+
+
+	switch(*t) {
+	case '\0':
+		break;
+	case 'k':
+	case 'K':
+		x = x * KILO;
+		t++;
+		break;
+	case 'm':
+	case 'M':
+		x = x * MEGA;
+		t++;
+		break;
+	case 'g':
+	case 'G':
+		x = x * GIGA;
+		t++;
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if (*t != '\0')
+		hc_warn("unrecognized characters in integer string %s", s);
+
+	return x;
+}
+	
+static void
+apply_environment_property(key, value)
+	char *key;
+	char *value;
+{
+	if (strcasecmp(key, "CACHESIZE") == 0) {
+		the_schema.environment.cache_size = parse_integer(value);
+	} else {
+		hc_warn("Unrecognized environment property %s", key);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+set_dbtype(entity, value)
+	ENTITY *entity;
+	char *value;
+{
+	if (strcasecmp(value, "btree") == 0) {
+		entity->dbtype = "DB_BTREE";
+	} else if (strcasecmp(value, "hash") == 0) {
+		entity->dbtype = "DB_HASH";
+	} else {
+		hc_warn(
+"unknown DBTYPE %s for antecedent %s, using default of DB_BTREE",
+			value, entity->name);
+		entity->dbtype = "DB_BTREE";
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+set_idx_dbtype(idx, value)
+	DB_INDEX *idx;
+	char *value;
+{
+	if (strcasecmp(value, "btree") == 0) {
+		idx->dbtype = "DB_BTREE";
+	} else if (strcasecmp(value, "hash") == 0) {
+		idx->dbtype = "DB_HASH";
+	} else {
+		hc_warn(
+"unknown DBTYPE %s for antecedent %s, using default of DB_BTREE",
+			value, idx->name);
+		idx->dbtype = "DB_BTREE";
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+apply_entity_property(key, value, entity)
+	char *key;
+	char *value;
+	ENTITY *entity;
+{
+	if (strcasecmp(key, "DBTYPE") == 0) {
+		set_dbtype(entity, value);
+	} else {
+		hc_warn("Unrecognized entity property %s", key);
+	}
+}
+
+static void
+apply_index_property(key, value, idx)
+	char *key;
+	char *value;
+	DB_INDEX *idx;
+{
+	if (strcasecmp(key, "DBTYPE") == 0) {
+		set_idx_dbtype(idx, value);
+	} else {
+		hc_warn("Unrecognized index property %s", key);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Apply a configuration keyword and parameter.
+ */
+
+static void
+apply_configuration_property(key, value)
+	char * key;
+	char *value;
+{
+	switch (the_parse_progress.last_event) {
+	case PE_NONE:
+		hc_warn(
+		      "Property setting (%s) with no antecedent SQL statement",
+		      key);
+		break;
+	case PE_ENVIRONMENT:
+		apply_environment_property(key, value);
+		break;
+	case PE_ENTITY:
+	case PE_ATTRIBUTE:  /* no per-attribute properties yet */
+		apply_entity_property(key, value, 
+				      the_parse_progress.last_entity);
+		break;
+	case PE_INDEX:
+		apply_index_property(key, value, the_parse_progress.last_index);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Extract property assignments from a SQL comment, if it is marked
+ * as a hint comment.
+ */
+void parse_hint_comment(t)
+	Token *t;
+{
+	char *assignment, *key, *value;
+	char *comment;
+
+        comment = hint_comment_from_token(t);
+
+	if (comment == NULL)
+		return;
+
+	while (! (comment == NULL || *comment == '\0')) {
+		assignment = split(comment, ',', &comment);
+
+		/*
+		 * Split the assignment into key, value tokens on the
+		 * equals sign.  Verify that there is only one equals
+		 * sign.
+		 */
+		key = split(assignment, '=', &value);
+
+		if (value == NULL) {
+			hc_warn("No value specified for property %s\n",
+				key);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		apply_configuration_property(key, value);
+
+		key = split(key, '=', &value);
+		if (value != NULL)
+			hc_warn(
+		      "Warning: incorrect hint comment syntax with property %s",
+				key);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/db_sql/parsefuncs.c b/db_sql/parsefuncs.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe0e99c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/parsefuncs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,570 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This file contains unused functions that are referenced by the
+ * SQLite parser.  If one of these functions is actually invoked, it
+ * indicates that the SQL input contains syntax that is unsupported
+ * by this program.  Functions that we expect to be called by the
+ * parser are in another compilation unit, buildpt.c.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "db_sql.h"
+
+/*
+ * unsupported: The universal "unsupported syntax" error reporter.  In
+ * most cases we'll have a parser context in hand when calling this
+ * function, and the error message can be passed back to the caller by
+ * setting it in the parser context.  Sometimes, however, we don't
+ * have the context.  In all such cases, I expect that a subsequent
+ * invocation of unsupported() will have the context and report the
+ * error through the context.  Probably we could safely ignore these
+ * context-less calls, but for now we'll go with a fallback of simply
+ * printing the error message directly from here.
+ *
+ * The advantage of reporting the error through the parser context is
+ * that, when the error message eventually gets printed, it will call
+ * out a line number where the error was encountered.  We don't have
+ * that information here, but it could be made available if this turns
+ * out to be a problem.  Also, setting an error in the parser context
+ * causes the program to exit after reporting the error.  Again, we
+ * could do that here, but it would be ugly.
+ */
+static void unsupported(pParse, fname)
+	Parse *pParse;
+	char *fname;
+{
+	static char *fmt = "Unsupported SQL syntax (%s)\n";
+
+	if (pParse)
+		sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, fmt, fname);
+	else
+		fprintf(stderr, fmt, fname);
+}
+
+void sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(
+  Parse *pParse,    /* Parsing context */
+  Expr *pCheckExpr  /* The check expression */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pCheckExpr, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "AddCheckConstraint");
+}
+
+void sqlite3AddCollateType(Parse *pParse, Token *pToken)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pToken, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "AddCollateType");
+}
+
+
+void sqlite3AddDefaultValue(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pExpr, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "AddDefaultValue");
+}
+
+void sqlite3AddNotNull(Parse *pParse, int onError)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(onError, 0);
+	unsupported(pParse, "AddNotNull");
+}
+
+void sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pSrc)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pSrc, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "AlterBeginAddColumn");
+}
+
+void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *pParse, Token *pColDef)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pColDef, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "AlterFinishAddColumn");
+}
+
+void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(
+  Parse *pParse,            /* Parser context. */
+  SrcList *pSrc,            /* The table to rename. */
+  Token *pName              /* The new table name. */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pSrc, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pName, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "AlterRenameTable");
+}
+
+void sqlite3Analyze(Parse *pParse, Token *pName1, Token *pName2)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pName1, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pName2, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "Analyze");
+}
+
+void sqlite3Attach(Parse *pParse, Expr *p, Expr *pDbname, Expr *pKey)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(p, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pDbname, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pKey, 0);
+	unsupported(pParse, "Attach");
+}
+
+void sqlite3BeginTransaction(Parse *pParse, int type)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(type, 0);
+	unsupported(pParse, "BeginTransaction");
+}
+
+void sqlite3BeginTrigger(
+  Parse *pParse,      /* The parse context of the CREATE TRIGGER statement */
+  Token *pName1,      /* The name of the trigger */
+  Token *pName2,      /* The name of the trigger */
+  int tr_tm,          /* One of TK_BEFORE, TK_AFTER, TK_INSTEAD */
+  int op,             /* One of TK_INSERT, TK_UPDATE, TK_DELETE */
+  IdList *pColumns,   /* column list if this is an UPDATE OF trigger */
+  SrcList *pTableName,/* The name of the table/view the trigger applies to */
+  Expr *pWhen,        /* WHEN clause */
+  int isTemp,         /* True if the TEMPORARY keyword is present */
+  int noErr           /* Suppress errors if the trigger already exists */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pName1, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pName2, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(tr_tm, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(op, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(pColumns, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pTableName, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pWhen, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(isTemp, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(noErr, 0);
+	unsupported(pParse, "BeginTrigger");
+}
+
+void sqlite3CommitTransaction(Parse *pParse)
+{
+	unsupported(pParse, "CommitTransaction");
+}
+
+
+
+void sqlite3CreateView(
+  Parse *pParse,     /* The parsing context */
+  Token *pBegin,     /* The CREATE token that begins the statement */
+  Token *pName1,     /* The token that holds the name of the view */
+  Token *pName2,     /* The token that holds the name of the view */
+  Select *pSelect,   /* A SELECT statement that will become the new view */
+  int isTemp,        /* TRUE for a TEMPORARY view */
+  int noErr          /* Suppress error messages if VIEW already exists */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pBegin, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pName1, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pName2, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pSelect, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(isTemp, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(noErr, 0);
+	unsupported(pParse, "CreateView");
+}
+
+void sqlite3DeleteFrom(
+  Parse *pParse,         /* The parser context */
+  SrcList *pTabList,     /* The table from which we should delete things */
+  Expr *pWhere           /* The WHERE clause.  May be null */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pTabList, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pWhere, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "DeleteFrom");
+}
+
+void sqlite3DeleteTriggerStep(TriggerStep *pTriggerStep)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pTriggerStep, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "DeleteTriggerStep");
+}
+
+void sqlite3Detach(Parse *pParse, Expr *pDbname)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pDbname, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "Detach");
+}
+
+void sqlite3DropIndex(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pName, int ifExists)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pName, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(ifExists, 0);
+	unsupported(pParse, "DropIndex");
+}
+
+void sqlite3DropTable(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pName, int isView, int noErr)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pName, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(isView, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(noErr, 0);
+	unsupported(pParse, "DropTable");
+}
+
+void sqlite3DropTrigger(Parse *pParse, SrcList *pName, int noErr)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pName, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(noErr, 0);
+	unsupported(pParse, "DropTrigger");
+}
+
+void sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pExpr, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "ExprAssignVarNumber");
+}
+
+void sqlite3ExprDelete(Expr *p)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(p, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "ExprDelete");
+}
+
+Expr *sqlite3ExprFunction(Parse *pParse, ExprList *pList, Token *pToken)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pList, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pToken, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "ExprFunction");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void sqlite3ExprListDelete(ExprList *pList)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pList, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "ExprListDelete");
+}
+
+Expr *sqlite3ExprSetColl(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr, Token *pName)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pExpr, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pName, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "ExprSetColl");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+
+void sqlite3ExprSetHeight(Expr *p)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(p, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "ExprSetHeight");
+}
+
+void sqlite3ExprSpan(Expr *pExpr, Token *pLeft, Token *pRight)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pExpr, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pLeft, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pRight, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "ExprSpan");
+}
+
+void sqlite3FinishTrigger(
+  Parse *pParse,          /* Parser context */
+  TriggerStep *pStepList, /* The triggered program */
+  Token *pAll             /* Token that describes the complete CREATE TRIGGER */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pStepList, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pAll, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "FinishTrigger");
+}
+
+IdList *sqlite3IdListAppend(sqlite3 *db, IdList *pList, Token *pToken)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(db, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pList, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pToken, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "IdListAppend");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void sqlite3IdListDelete(IdList *pList)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pList, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "IdListDelete");
+}
+
+void sqlite3Insert(
+  Parse *pParse,        /* Parser context */
+  SrcList *pTabList,    /* Name of table into which we are inserting */
+  ExprList *pList,      /* List of values to be inserted */
+  Select *pSelect,      /* A SELECT statement to use as the data source */
+  IdList *pColumn,      /* Column names corresponding to IDLIST. */
+  int onError           /* How to handle constraint errors */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pTabList, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pList, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pSelect, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pColumn, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(onError, 0);
+	unsupported(pParse, "Insert");
+}
+
+int sqlite3JoinType(Parse *pParse, Token *pA, Token *pB, Token *pC)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pA, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pB, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pC, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "JoinType");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+Expr *sqlite3PExpr(
+  Parse *pParse,          /* Parsing context */
+  int op,                 /* Expression opcode */
+  Expr *pLeft,            /* Left operand */
+  Expr *pRight,           /* Right operand */
+  const Token *pToken     /* Argument token */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(op, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(pLeft, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pRight, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pToken, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "PExpr");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void sqlite3Pragma(
+  Parse *pParse, 
+  Token *pId1,        /* First part of [database.]id field */
+  Token *pId2,        /* Second part of [database.]id field, or NULL */
+  Token *pValue,      /* Token for <value>, or NULL */
+  int minusFlag       /* True if a '-' sign preceded <value> */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pId1, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pId2, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pValue, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(minusFlag, 0);
+	unsupported(pParse, "Pragma");
+}
+
+Expr *sqlite3RegisterExpr(Parse *pParse, Token *pToken)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pToken, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "RegisterExpr");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void sqlite3Reindex(Parse *pParse, Token *pName1, Token *pName2)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pName1, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pName2, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "Reindex");
+}
+
+void sqlite3RollbackTransaction(Parse *pParse)
+{
+	unsupported(pParse, "RollbackTransaction");
+}
+
+int sqlite3Select(
+  Parse *pParse,         /* The parser context */
+  Select *p,             /* The SELECT statement being coded. */
+  SelectDest *pDest,     /* What to do with the query results */
+  Select *pParent,       /* Another SELECT for which this is a sub-query */
+  int parentTab,         /* Index in pParent->pSrc of this query */
+  int *pParentAgg,       /* True if pParent uses aggregate functions */
+  char *aff              /* If eDest is SRT_Union, the affinity string */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(p, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pDest, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pParent, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(parentTab, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(pParentAgg, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(aff, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "Select");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void sqlite3SelectDelete(Select *p)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(p, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "SelectDelete");
+}
+
+Select *sqlite3SelectNew(
+  Parse *pParse,        /* Parsing context */
+  ExprList *pEList,     /* which columns to include in the result */
+  SrcList *pSrc,        /* the FROM clause -- which tables to scan */
+  Expr *pWhere,         /* the WHERE clause */
+  ExprList *pGroupBy,   /* the GROUP BY clause */
+  Expr *pHaving,        /* the HAVING clause */
+  ExprList *pOrderBy,   /* the ORDER BY clause */
+  int isDistinct,       /* true if the DISTINCT keyword is present */
+  Expr *pLimit,         /* LIMIT value.  NULL means not used */
+  Expr *pOffset         /* OFFSET value.  NULL means no offset */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pEList, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pSrc, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pWhere, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pGroupBy, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pHaving, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pOrderBy, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(isDistinct, 0);
+	COMPQUIET(pLimit, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pOffset, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, NULL);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(
+  Parse *pParse,          /* Parsing context */
+  SrcList *p,             /* The left part of the FROM clause already seen */
+  Token *pTable,          /* Name of the table to add to the FROM clause */
+  Token *pDatabase,       /* Name of the database containing pTable */
+  Token *pAlias,          /* The right-hand side of the AS subexpression */
+  Select *pSubquery,      /* A subquery used in place of a table name */
+  Expr *pOn,              /* The ON clause of a join */
+  IdList *pUsing          /* The USING clause of a join */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(p, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pTable, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pDatabase, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pAlias, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pSubquery, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pOn, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pUsing, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "SrcListAppendFromTerm");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void sqlite3SrcListDelete(SrcList *pList)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pList, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "SrcListDelete");
+}
+
+void sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType(SrcList *p)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(p, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "SrcListShiftJoinType");
+}
+
+TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerDeleteStep(
+  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database connection */
+  Token *pTableName,      /* The table from which rows are deleted */
+  Expr *pWhere            /* The WHERE clause */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(db, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pTableName, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pWhere, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "TriggerDeleteStep");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerInsertStep(
+  sqlite3 *db,        /* The database connection */
+  Token *pTableName,  /* Name of the table into which we insert */
+  IdList *pColumn,    /* List of columns in pTableName to insert into */
+  ExprList *pEList,   /* The VALUE clause: a list of values to be inserted */
+  Select *pSelect,    /* A SELECT statement that supplies values */
+  int orconf          /* The conflict algorithm (OE_Abort, OE_Replace, etc.) */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(db, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pTableName, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pColumn, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pEList, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pSelect, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(orconf, 0);
+	unsupported(0, "TriggerInsertStep");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerSelectStep(sqlite3 *db, Select *pSelect)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(db, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pSelect, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "TriggerSelectStep");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerUpdateStep(
+  sqlite3 *db,         /* The database connection */
+  Token *pTableName,   /* Name of the table to be updated */
+  ExprList *pEList,    /* The SET clause: list of column and new values */
+  Expr *pWhere,        /* The WHERE clause */
+  int orconf           /* The conflict algorithm. (OE_Abort, OE_Ignore, etc) */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(db, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pTableName, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pEList, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pWhere, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(orconf, 0);
+	unsupported(0, "TriggerUpdateStep");
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+void sqlite3Update(
+  Parse *pParse,         /* The parser context */
+  SrcList *pTabList,     /* The table in which we should change things */
+  ExprList *pChanges,    /* Things to be changed */
+  Expr *pWhere,          /* The WHERE clause.  May be null */
+  int onError            /* How to handle constraint errors */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pTabList, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pChanges, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pWhere, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(onError, 0);
+	unsupported(pParse, "Update");
+}
+
+void sqlite3Vacuum(Parse *pParse)
+{
+	unsupported(pParse, "Vacuum");
+}
+
+void sqlite3VtabArgExtend(Parse *pParse, Token *p)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(p, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "VtabArgExtend");
+}
+
+void sqlite3VtabArgInit(Parse *pParse)
+{
+	unsupported(pParse, "VtabArgInit");
+}
+
+void sqlite3VtabBeginParse(
+  Parse *pParse,        /* Parsing context */
+  Token *pName1,        /* Name of new table, or database name */
+  Token *pName2,        /* Name of new table or NULL */
+  Token *pModuleName    /* Name of the module for the virtual table */
+)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pName1, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pName2, NULL);
+	COMPQUIET(pModuleName, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "VtabBeginParse");
+}
+
+void sqlite3VtabFinishParse(Parse *pParse, Token *pEnd)
+{
+	COMPQUIET(pEnd, NULL);
+	unsupported(pParse, "VtabFinishParse");
+}
+
+void sqlite3DeleteTable(Table *pTable){
+	COMPQUIET(pTable, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "DeleteTable");
+}
+
+void sqlite3DeleteTrigger(Trigger *pTrigger){
+	COMPQUIET(pTrigger, NULL);
+	unsupported(0, "DeleteTrigger");
+}
diff --git a/db_sql/preparser.c b/db_sql/preparser.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a1a6e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/preparser.c
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include "db_sql.h"
+
+extern void bdb_create_database(Token *, Parse *pParse);
+
+static void
+preparserSyntaxError(t, pParse) 
+	Token *t;
+	Parse *pParse;
+{
+	sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "near \"%T\": syntax error", t);
+	pParse->parseError = 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The pre-parser is invoked for each token found by the lexical
+ * analyzer.  It passes most tokens on to the main SQLite parser
+ * unchanged; however it maintains its own state machine so that it
+ * can notice certain sequences of tokens.  In particular, it catches
+ * CREATE DATABASE, which is a sequence that the SQLite parser does
+ * not recognize.
+ */
+void preparser(pEngine, tokenType, token, pParse) 
+	void *pEngine;
+	int tokenType; 
+	Token token;
+	Parse *pParse;
+{
+	static enum preparserState {
+		IDLE = 0, GOT_CREATE = 1, GOT_DATABASE = 2, GOT_NAME = 3
+	} state = IDLE;
+	
+	switch (state) {
+
+	    case IDLE:
+
+		if (tokenType == TK_CREATE)
+			state = GOT_CREATE;
+		else    /* pass token to sqlite parser -- the common case */
+			sqlite3Parser(pEngine, tokenType, 
+				      pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
+		break;
+
+	    case GOT_CREATE:
+		  
+		if (tokenType == TK_DATABASE)
+			state = GOT_DATABASE;
+		else {  /* return to idle, pass the CREATE token, then
+			 * the current token to the sqlite parser */
+			state = IDLE;
+			sqlite3Parser(pEngine, TK_CREATE, 
+				      pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
+			sqlite3Parser(pEngine, tokenType,
+				      pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
+		}
+		break;
+		
+	    case GOT_DATABASE:
+
+		if (tokenType == TK_ID) {
+			state = GOT_NAME;
+			bdb_create_database(&token, pParse);
+		} else
+			preparserSyntaxError(&token, pParse);
+
+		break;
+
+	    case GOT_NAME:
+
+		if (tokenType == TK_SEMI)
+			state = IDLE;
+		else
+			preparserSyntaxError(&token, pParse);
+		break;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/db_sql/sqlite/keywordhash.h b/db_sql/sqlite/keywordhash.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..09a4e2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/sqlite/keywordhash.h
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+/***** This file contains automatically generated code ******
+**
+** The code in this file has been automatically generated by
+**
+**     $Header$
+**
+** The code in this file implements a function that determines whether
+** or not a given identifier is really an SQL keyword.  The same thing
+** might be implemented more directly using a hand-written hash table.
+** But by using this automatically generated code, the size of the code
+** is substantially reduced.  This is important for embedded applications
+** on platforms with limited memory.
+*/
+/* Hash score: 165 */
+static int keywordCode(const char *z, int n){
+  /* zText[] encodes 775 bytes of keywords in 526 bytes */
+  static const char zText[526] =
+    "BEFOREIGNOREGEXPLAINSTEADDESCAPEACHECKEYCONSTRAINTERSECTABLEFT"
+    "HENDATABASELECTRANSACTIONATURALTERAISELSEXCEPTRIGGEREFERENCES"
+    "UNIQUERYATTACHAVINGROUPDATEMPORARYBEGINNEREINDEXCLUSIVEXISTSBETWEEN"
+    "OTNULLIKECASCADEFERRABLECASECOLLATECREATECURRENT_DATEDELETEDETACH"
+    "IMMEDIATEJOINSERTMATCHPLANALYZEPRAGMABORTVALUESVIRTUALIMITWHEN"
+    "WHERENAMEAFTEREPLACEANDEFAULTAUTOINCREMENTCASTCOLUMNCOMMITCONFLICT"
+    "CROSSCURRENT_TIMESTAMPRIMARYDEFERREDISTINCTDROPFAILFROMFULLGLOB"
+    "YIFINTOFFSETISNULLORDERESTRICTOUTERIGHTROLLBACKROWUNIONUSINGVACUUM"
+    "VIEWINITIALLY";
+  static const unsigned char aHash[127] = {
+      63,  92, 109,  61,   0,  38,   0,   0,  69,   0,  64,   0,   0,
+     102,   4,  65,   7,   0, 108,  72, 103,  99,   0,  22,   0,   0,
+     113,   0, 111, 106,   0,  18,  80,   0,   1,   0,   0,  56,  57,
+       0,  55,  11,   0,  33,  77,  89,   0, 110,  88,   0,   0,  45,
+       0,  90,  54,   0,  20,   0, 114,  34,  19,   0,  10,  97,  28,
+      83,   0,   0, 116,  93,  47, 115,  41,  12,  44,   0,  78,   0,
+      87,  29,   0,  86,   0,   0,   0,  82,  79,  84,  75,  96,   6,
+      14,  95,   0,  68,   0,  21,  76,  98,  27,   0, 112,  67, 104,
+      49,  40,  71,   0,   0,  81, 100,   0, 107,   0,  15,   0,   0,
+      24,   0,  73,  42,  50,   0,  16,  48,   0,  37,
+  };
+  static const unsigned char aNext[116] = {
+       0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   9,   0,   0,   0,
+       0,   0,   0,   0,   5,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+       0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,  32,   0,   0,
+      17,   0,   0,   0,  36,  39,   0,   0,  25,   0,   0,  31,   0,
+       0,   0,  43,  52,   0,   0,   0,  53,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,
+       0,   0,   0,   0,  51,   0,   0,   0,   0,  26,   0,   8,  46,
+       2,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   0,   3,  58,  66,   0,  13,
+       0,  91,  85,   0,  94,   0,  74,   0,   0,  62,   0,  35, 101,
+       0,   0, 105,  23,  30,  60,  70,   0,   0,  59,   0,   0,
+  };
+  static const unsigned char aLen[116] = {
+       6,   7,   3,   6,   6,   7,   7,   3,   4,   6,   4,   5,   3,
+      10,   9,   5,   4,   4,   3,   8,   2,   6,  11,   2,   7,   5,
+       5,   4,   6,   7,  10,   6,   5,   6,   6,   5,   6,   4,   9,
+       2,   5,   5,   7,   5,   9,   6,   7,   7,   3,   4,   4,   7,
+       3,  10,   4,   7,   6,  12,   6,   6,   9,   4,   6,   5,   4,
+       7,   6,   5,   6,   7,   5,   4,   5,   6,   5,   7,   3,   7,
+      13,   2,   2,   4,   6,   6,   8,   5,  17,  12,   7,   8,   8,
+       2,   4,   4,   4,   4,   4,   2,   2,   4,   6,   2,   3,   6,
+       5,   8,   5,   5,   8,   3,   5,   5,   6,   4,   9,   3,
+  };
+  static const unsigned short int aOffset[116] = {
+       0,   2,   2,   6,  10,  13,  18,  23,  25,  26,  31,  33,  37,
+      40,  47,  55,  58,  61,  63,  65,  70,  71,  76,  85,  86,  91,
+      95,  99, 102, 107, 113, 123, 126, 131, 136, 141, 144, 148, 148,
+     152, 157, 160, 164, 166, 169, 177, 183, 189, 189, 192, 195, 199,
+     200, 204, 214, 218, 225, 231, 243, 249, 255, 264, 266, 272, 277,
+     279, 286, 291, 296, 302, 308, 313, 317, 320, 326, 330, 337, 339,
+     346, 348, 350, 359, 363, 369, 375, 383, 388, 388, 404, 411, 418,
+     419, 426, 430, 434, 438, 442, 445, 447, 449, 452, 452, 455, 458,
+     464, 468, 476, 480, 485, 493, 496, 501, 506, 512, 516, 521,
+  };
+  static const unsigned char aCode[116] = {
+    TK_BEFORE,     TK_FOREIGN,    TK_FOR,        TK_IGNORE,     TK_LIKE_KW,    
+    TK_EXPLAIN,    TK_INSTEAD,    TK_ADD,        TK_DESC,       TK_ESCAPE,     
+    TK_EACH,       TK_CHECK,      TK_KEY,        TK_CONSTRAINT, TK_INTERSECT,  
+    TK_TABLE,      TK_JOIN_KW,    TK_THEN,       TK_END,        TK_DATABASE,   
+    TK_AS,         TK_SELECT,     TK_TRANSACTION,TK_ON,         TK_JOIN_KW,    
+    TK_ALTER,      TK_RAISE,      TK_ELSE,       TK_EXCEPT,     TK_TRIGGER,    
+    TK_REFERENCES, TK_UNIQUE,     TK_QUERY,      TK_ATTACH,     TK_HAVING,     
+    TK_GROUP,      TK_UPDATE,     TK_TEMP,       TK_TEMP,       TK_OR,         
+    TK_BEGIN,      TK_JOIN_KW,    TK_REINDEX,    TK_INDEX,      TK_EXCLUSIVE,  
+    TK_EXISTS,     TK_BETWEEN,    TK_NOTNULL,    TK_NOT,        TK_NULL,       
+    TK_LIKE_KW,    TK_CASCADE,    TK_ASC,        TK_DEFERRABLE, TK_CASE,       
+    TK_COLLATE,    TK_CREATE,     TK_CTIME_KW,   TK_DELETE,     TK_DETACH,     
+    TK_IMMEDIATE,  TK_JOIN,       TK_INSERT,     TK_MATCH,      TK_PLAN,       
+    TK_ANALYZE,    TK_PRAGMA,     TK_ABORT,      TK_VALUES,     TK_VIRTUAL,    
+    TK_LIMIT,      TK_WHEN,       TK_WHERE,      TK_RENAME,     TK_AFTER,      
+    TK_REPLACE,    TK_AND,        TK_DEFAULT,    TK_AUTOINCR,   TK_TO,         
+    TK_IN,         TK_CAST,       TK_COLUMNKW,   TK_COMMIT,     TK_CONFLICT,   
+    TK_JOIN_KW,    TK_CTIME_KW,   TK_CTIME_KW,   TK_PRIMARY,    TK_DEFERRED,   
+    TK_DISTINCT,   TK_IS,         TK_DROP,       TK_FAIL,       TK_FROM,       
+    TK_JOIN_KW,    TK_LIKE_KW,    TK_BY,         TK_IF,         TK_INTO,       
+    TK_OFFSET,     TK_OF,         TK_SET,        TK_ISNULL,     TK_ORDER,      
+    TK_RESTRICT,   TK_JOIN_KW,    TK_JOIN_KW,    TK_ROLLBACK,   TK_ROW,        
+    TK_UNION,      TK_USING,      TK_VACUUM,     TK_VIEW,       TK_INITIALLY,  
+    TK_ALL,        
+  };
+  int h, i;
+  if( n<2 ) return TK_ID;
+  h = ((charMap(z[0])*4) ^
+      (charMap(z[n-1])*3) ^
+      n) % 127;
+  for(i=((int)aHash[h])-1; i>=0; i=((int)aNext[i])-1){
+    if( aLen[i]==n && sqlite3StrNICmp(&zText[aOffset[i]],z,n)==0 ){
+      return aCode[i];
+    }
+  }
+  return TK_ID;
+}
+int sqlite3KeywordCode(const unsigned char *z, int n){
+  return keywordCode((char*)z, n);
+}
diff --git a/db_sql/sqlite/parse.c b/db_sql/sqlite/parse.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..581c028
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/sqlite/parse.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3253 @@
+/*
+ * This parser was generated in a sqlite-3.5.9 source distribution,
+ * using the lemon parser generator and sqlite's parse.y.  The only
+ * change to the output was the removal of #line directives, which
+ * confused the debugger; and the addition of this comment.  A
+ * principle of the db_sql project was to use sqlite's parser
+ * unchanged; so we haven't incorporated the build from the grammar
+ * spec.  Perhaps at a later time we will want to do that.  For
+ * now, we consider this an immutable source file.
+ */
+
+
+/* Driver template for the LEMON parser generator.
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.
+*/
+/* First off, code is include which follows the "include" declaration
+** in the input file. */
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#include "sqliteInt.h"
+
+/*
+** An instance of this structure holds information about the
+** LIMIT clause of a SELECT statement.
+*/
+struct LimitVal {
+  Expr *pLimit;    /* The LIMIT expression.  NULL if there is no limit */
+  Expr *pOffset;   /* The OFFSET expression.  NULL if there is none */
+};
+
+/*
+** An instance of this structure is used to store the LIKE,
+** GLOB, NOT LIKE, and NOT GLOB operators.
+*/
+struct LikeOp {
+  Token eOperator;  /* "like" or "glob" or "regexp" */
+  int not;         /* True if the NOT keyword is present */
+};
+
+/*
+** An instance of the following structure describes the event of a
+** TRIGGER.  "a" is the event type, one of TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT,
+** TK_DELETE, or TK_INSTEAD.  If the event is of the form
+**
+**      UPDATE ON (a,b,c)
+**
+** Then the "b" IdList records the list "a,b,c".
+*/
+struct TrigEvent { int a; IdList * b; };
+
+/*
+** An instance of this structure holds the ATTACH key and the key type.
+*/
+struct AttachKey { int type;  Token key; };
+
+/* Next is all token values, in a form suitable for use by makeheaders.
+** This section will be null unless lemon is run with the -m switch.
+*/
+/* 
+** These constants (all generated automatically by the parser generator)
+** specify the various kinds of tokens (terminals) that the parser
+** understands. 
+**
+** Each symbol here is a terminal symbol in the grammar.
+*/
+/* Make sure the INTERFACE macro is defined.
+*/
+#ifndef INTERFACE
+# define INTERFACE 1
+#endif
+/* The next thing included is series of defines which control
+** various aspects of the generated parser.
+**    YYCODETYPE         is the data type used for storing terminal
+**                       and nonterminal numbers.  "unsigned char" is
+**                       used if there are fewer than 250 terminals
+**                       and nonterminals.  "int" is used otherwise.
+**    YYNOCODE           is a number of type YYCODETYPE which corresponds
+**                       to no legal terminal or nonterminal number.  This
+**                       number is used to fill in empty slots of the hash 
+**                       table.
+**    YYFALLBACK         If defined, this indicates that one or more tokens
+**                       have fall-back values which should be used if the
+**                       original value of the token will not parse.
+**    YYACTIONTYPE       is the data type used for storing terminal
+**                       and nonterminal numbers.  "unsigned char" is
+**                       used if there are fewer than 250 rules and
+**                       states combined.  "int" is used otherwise.
+**    sqlite3ParserTOKENTYPE     is the data type used for minor tokens given 
+**                       directly to the parser from the tokenizer.
+**    YYMINORTYPE        is the data type used for all minor tokens.
+**                       This is typically a union of many types, one of
+**                       which is sqlite3ParserTOKENTYPE.  The entry in the union
+**                       for base tokens is called "yy0".
+**    YYSTACKDEPTH       is the maximum depth of the parser's stack.  If
+**                       zero the stack is dynamically sized using realloc()
+**    sqlite3ParserARG_SDECL     A static variable declaration for the %extra_argument
+**    sqlite3ParserARG_PDECL     A parameter declaration for the %extra_argument
+**    sqlite3ParserARG_STORE     Code to store %extra_argument into yypParser
+**    sqlite3ParserARG_FETCH     Code to extract %extra_argument from yypParser
+**    YYNSTATE           the combined number of states.
+**    YYNRULE            the number of rules in the grammar
+**    YYERRORSYMBOL      is the code number of the error symbol.  If not
+**                       defined, then do no error processing.
+*/
+#define YYCODETYPE unsigned char
+#define YYNOCODE 248
+#define YYACTIONTYPE unsigned short int
+#define YYWILDCARD 59
+#define sqlite3ParserTOKENTYPE Token
+typedef union {
+  sqlite3ParserTOKENTYPE yy0;
+  int yy46;
+  struct LikeOp yy72;
+  Expr* yy172;
+  ExprList* yy174;
+  Select* yy219;
+  struct LimitVal yy234;
+  TriggerStep* yy243;
+  struct TrigEvent yy370;
+  SrcList* yy373;
+  struct {int value; int mask;} yy405;
+  Token yy410;
+  IdList* yy432;
+} YYMINORTYPE;
+#ifndef YYSTACKDEPTH
+#define YYSTACKDEPTH 100
+#endif
+#define sqlite3ParserARG_SDECL Parse *pParse;
+#define sqlite3ParserARG_PDECL ,Parse *pParse
+#define sqlite3ParserARG_FETCH Parse *pParse = yypParser->pParse
+#define sqlite3ParserARG_STORE yypParser->pParse = pParse
+#define YYNSTATE 589
+#define YYNRULE 313
+#define YYFALLBACK 1
+#define YY_NO_ACTION      (YYNSTATE+YYNRULE+2)
+#define YY_ACCEPT_ACTION  (YYNSTATE+YYNRULE+1)
+#define YY_ERROR_ACTION   (YYNSTATE+YYNRULE)
+
+/* The yyzerominor constant is used to initialize instances of
+** YYMINORTYPE objects to zero. */
+static const YYMINORTYPE yyzerominor;
+
+/* Next are that tables used to determine what action to take based on the
+** current state and lookahead token.  These tables are used to implement
+** functions that take a state number and lookahead value and return an
+** action integer.  
+**
+** Suppose the action integer is N.  Then the action is determined as
+** follows
+**
+**   0 <= N < YYNSTATE                  Shift N.  That is, push the lookahead
+**                                      token onto the stack and goto state N.
+**
+**   YYNSTATE <= N < YYNSTATE+YYNRULE   Reduce by rule N-YYNSTATE.
+**
+**   N == YYNSTATE+YYNRULE              A syntax error has occurred.
+**
+**   N == YYNSTATE+YYNRULE+1            The parser accepts its input.
+**
+**   N == YYNSTATE+YYNRULE+2            No such action.  Denotes unused
+**                                      slots in the yy_action[] table.
+**
+** The action table is constructed as a single large table named yy_action[].
+** Given state S and lookahead X, the action is computed as
+**
+**      yy_action[ yy_shift_ofst[S] + X ]
+**
+** If the index value yy_shift_ofst[S]+X is out of range or if the value
+** yy_lookahead[yy_shift_ofst[S]+X] is not equal to X or if yy_shift_ofst[S]
+** is equal to YY_SHIFT_USE_DFLT, it means that the action is not in the table
+** and that yy_default[S] should be used instead.  
+**
+** The formula above is for computing the action when the lookahead is
+** a terminal symbol.  If the lookahead is a non-terminal (as occurs after
+** a reduce action) then the yy_reduce_ofst[] array is used in place of
+** the yy_shift_ofst[] array and YY_REDUCE_USE_DFLT is used in place of
+** YY_SHIFT_USE_DFLT.
+**
+** The following are the tables generated in this section:
+**
+**  yy_action[]        A single table containing all actions.
+**  yy_lookahead[]     A table containing the lookahead for each entry in
+**                     yy_action.  Used to detect hash collisions.
+**  yy_shift_ofst[]    For each state, the offset into yy_action for
+**                     shifting terminals.
+**  yy_reduce_ofst[]   For each state, the offset into yy_action for
+**                     shifting non-terminals after a reduce.
+**  yy_default[]       Default action for each state.
+*/
+static const YYACTIONTYPE yy_action[] = {
+ /*     0 */   292,  903,  124,  588,  409,  172,    2,  418,   61,   61,
+ /*    10 */    61,   61,  519,   63,   63,   63,   63,   64,   64,   65,
+ /*    20 */    65,   65,   66,  210,  447,  212,  425,  431,   68,   63,
+ /*    30 */    63,   63,   63,   64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,
+ /*    40 */   391,  388,  396,  451,   60,   59,  297,  435,  436,  432,
+ /*    50 */   432,   62,   62,   61,   61,   61,   61,  263,   63,   63,
+ /*    60 */    63,   63,   64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,  292,
+ /*    70 */   493,  494,  418,  489,  208,   82,   67,  420,   69,  154,
+ /*    80 */    63,   63,   63,   63,   64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,
+ /*    90 */   210,   67,  462,   69,  154,  425,  431,  574,  264,   58,
+ /*   100 */    64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,  397,  398,  422,
+ /*   110 */   422,  422,  292,   60,   59,  297,  435,  436,  432,  432,
+ /*   120 */    62,   62,   61,   61,   61,   61,  317,   63,   63,   63,
+ /*   130 */    63,   64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,  425,  431,
+ /*   140 */    94,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,  396,  210,  414,   34,
+ /*   150 */    56,  298,  442,  443,  410,  418,   60,   59,  297,  435,
+ /*   160 */   436,  432,  432,   62,   62,   61,   61,   61,   61,  208,
+ /*   170 */    63,   63,   63,   63,   64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,
+ /*   180 */   210,  292,  372,  524,  295,  572,  113,  408,  522,  451,
+ /*   190 */   331,  317,  407,   20,  244,  340,  519,  396,  478,  531,
+ /*   200 */   505,  447,  212,  571,  570,  245,  530,  425,  431,  149,
+ /*   210 */   150,  397,  398,  414,   41,  211,  151,  533,  488,  489,
+ /*   220 */   418,  568,  569,  420,  292,   60,   59,  297,  435,  436,
+ /*   230 */   432,  432,   62,   62,   61,   61,   61,   61,  317,   63,
+ /*   240 */    63,   63,   63,   64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,
+ /*   250 */   425,  431,  447,  333,  215,  422,  422,  422,  363,  299,
+ /*   260 */   414,   41,  397,  398,  366,  567,  211,  292,   60,   59,
+ /*   270 */   297,  435,  436,  432,  432,   62,   62,   61,   61,   61,
+ /*   280 */    61,  396,   63,   63,   63,   63,   64,   64,   65,   65,
+ /*   290 */    65,   66,  210,  425,  431,  491,  300,  524,  474,   66,
+ /*   300 */   210,  214,  474,  229,  411,  286,  534,   20,  449,  523,
+ /*   310 */   168,   60,   59,  297,  435,  436,  432,  432,   62,   62,
+ /*   320 */    61,   61,   61,   61,  474,   63,   63,   63,   63,   64,
+ /*   330 */    64,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,  209,  480,  317,   77,
+ /*   340 */   292,  239,  300,   55,  484,  490,  397,  398,  181,  547,
+ /*   350 */   494,  345,  348,  349,   67,  152,   69,  154,  339,  524,
+ /*   360 */   414,   35,  350,  241,  221,  370,  425,  431,  579,   20,
+ /*   370 */   164,  118,  243,  343,  248,  344,  176,  322,  442,  443,
+ /*   380 */   414,    3,   80,  252,   60,   59,  297,  435,  436,  432,
+ /*   390 */   432,   62,   62,   61,   61,   61,   61,  174,   63,   63,
+ /*   400 */    63,   63,   64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,  292,
+ /*   410 */   221,  550,  236,  487,  510,  353,  317,  118,  243,  343,
+ /*   420 */   248,  344,  176,  181,  317,  532,  345,  348,  349,  252,
+ /*   430 */   223,  415,  155,  464,  511,  425,  431,  350,  414,   34,
+ /*   440 */   465,  211,  177,  175,  160,  525,  414,   34,  338,  549,
+ /*   450 */   449,  323,  168,   60,   59,  297,  435,  436,  432,  432,
+ /*   460 */    62,   62,   61,   61,   61,   61,  415,   63,   63,   63,
+ /*   470 */    63,   64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,  292,  542,
+ /*   480 */   335,  517,  504,  541,  456,  572,  302,   19,  331,  144,
+ /*   490 */   317,  390,  317,  330,    2,  362,  457,  294,  483,  373,
+ /*   500 */   269,  268,  252,  571,  425,  431,  589,  391,  388,  458,
+ /*   510 */   208,  495,  414,   49,  414,   49,  303,  586,  894,  230,
+ /*   520 */   894,  496,   60,   59,  297,  435,  436,  432,  432,   62,
+ /*   530 */    62,   61,   61,   61,   61,  201,   63,   63,   63,   63,
+ /*   540 */    64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,  292,  317,  181,
+ /*   550 */   439,  255,  345,  348,  349,  370,  153,  583,  308,  251,
+ /*   560 */   309,  452,   76,  350,   78,  382,  211,  426,  427,  415,
+ /*   570 */   414,   27,  319,  425,  431,  440,    1,   22,  586,  893,
+ /*   580 */   396,  893,  544,  478,  320,  263,  438,  438,  429,  430,
+ /*   590 */   415,   60,   59,  297,  435,  436,  432,  432,   62,   62,
+ /*   600 */    61,   61,   61,   61,  237,   63,   63,   63,   63,   64,
+ /*   610 */    64,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,  292,  428,  583,  374,
+ /*   620 */   224,   93,  517,    9,  159,  396,  557,  396,  456,   67,
+ /*   630 */   396,   69,  154,  399,  400,  401,  320,  328,  438,  438,
+ /*   640 */   457,  336,  425,  431,  361,  397,  398,  320,  433,  438,
+ /*   650 */   438,  582,  291,  458,  238,  327,  318,  222,  546,  292,
+ /*   660 */    60,   59,  297,  435,  436,  432,  432,   62,   62,   61,
+ /*   670 */    61,   61,   61,  225,   63,   63,   63,   63,   64,   64,
+ /*   680 */    65,   65,   65,   66,  210,  425,  431,  482,  313,  392,
+ /*   690 */   397,  398,  397,  398,  207,  397,  398,  825,  273,  517,
+ /*   700 */   251,  200,  292,   60,   59,  297,  435,  436,  432,  432,
+ /*   710 */    62,   62,   61,   61,   61,   61,  470,   63,   63,   63,
+ /*   720 */    63,   64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,  425,  431,
+ /*   730 */   171,  160,  263,  263,  304,  415,  276,  395,  274,  263,
+ /*   740 */   517,  517,  263,  517,  192,  292,   60,   70,  297,  435,
+ /*   750 */   436,  432,  432,   62,   62,   61,   61,   61,   61,  379,
+ /*   760 */    63,   63,   63,   63,   64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,
+ /*   770 */   210,  425,  431,  384,  559,  305,  306,  251,  415,  320,
+ /*   780 */   560,  438,  438,  561,  540,  360,  540,  387,  292,  196,
+ /*   790 */    59,  297,  435,  436,  432,  432,   62,   62,   61,   61,
+ /*   800 */    61,   61,  371,   63,   63,   63,   63,   64,   64,   65,
+ /*   810 */    65,   65,   66,  210,  425,  431,  396,  275,  251,  251,
+ /*   820 */   172,  250,  418,  415,  386,  367,  178,  179,  180,  469,
+ /*   830 */   311,  123,  156,    5,  297,  435,  436,  432,  432,   62,
+ /*   840 */    62,   61,   61,   61,   61,  317,   63,   63,   63,   63,
+ /*   850 */    64,   64,   65,   65,   65,   66,  210,   72,  324,  194,
+ /*   860 */     4,  317,  263,  317,  296,  263,  415,  414,   28,  317,
+ /*   870 */   257,  317,  321,   72,  324,  317,    4,  119,  165,  177,
+ /*   880 */   296,  397,  398,  414,   23,  414,   32,  418,  321,  326,
+ /*   890 */   421,  414,   53,  414,   52,  317,  158,  414,   98,  451,
+ /*   900 */   317,  263,  317,  277,  317,  326,  378,  471,  261,  317,
+ /*   910 */   259,   18,  478,  445,  445,  451,  317,  414,   96,   75,
+ /*   920 */    74,  469,  414,  101,  414,  102,  414,  112,   73,  315,
+ /*   930 */   316,  414,  114,  420,  294,   75,   74,  481,  414,   16,
+ /*   940 */   381,  317,  279,  467,   73,  315,  316,   72,  324,  420,
+ /*   950 */     4,  208,  317,  183,  296,  317,  186,  128,   84,  208,
+ /*   960 */     8,  341,  321,  414,   99,  422,  422,  422,  423,  424,
+ /*   970 */    11,  623,  380,  307,  414,   33,  413,  414,   97,  326,
+ /*   980 */   412,  422,  422,  422,  423,  424,   11,  415,  413,  451,
+ /*   990 */   415,  162,  412,  317,  499,  500,  226,  227,  228,  104,
+ /*  1000 */   448,  476,  317,  173,  507,  317,  509,  508,  317,   75,
+ /*  1010 */    74,  329,  205,   21,  281,  414,   24,  418,   73,  315,
+ /*  1020 */   316,  282,  317,  420,  414,   54,  460,  414,  115,  317,
+ /*  1030 */   414,  116,  502,  203,  147,  549,  514,  468,  128,  202,
+ /*  1040 */   317,  473,  204,  317,  414,  117,  317,  477,  317,  584,
+ /*  1050 */   317,  414,   25,  317,  249,  422,  422,  422,  423,  424,
+ /*  1060 */    11,  506,  414,   36,  512,  414,   37,  317,  414,   26,
+ /*  1070 */   414,   38,  414,   39,  526,  414,   40,  317,  254,  317,
+ /*  1080 */   128,  317,  418,  317,  256,  377,  278,  268,  585,  414,
+ /*  1090 */    42,  293,  317,  352,  317,  128,  208,  513,  258,  414,
+ /*  1100 */    43,  414,   44,  414,   29,  414,   30,  545,  260,  128,
+ /*  1110 */   317,  553,  317,  173,  414,   45,  414,   46,  317,  262,
+ /*  1120 */   383,  554,  317,   91,  564,  317,   91,  317,  581,  189,
+ /*  1130 */   290,  357,  414,   47,  414,   48,  267,  365,  368,  369,
+ /*  1140 */   414,   31,  270,  271,  414,   10,  272,  414,   50,  414,
+ /*  1150 */    51,  556,  566,  280,  283,  284,  578,  146,  419,  405,
+ /*  1160 */   231,  505,  444,  325,  516,  463,  163,  446,  552,  394,
+ /*  1170 */   466,  563,  246,  515,  518,  520,  402,  403,  404,    7,
+ /*  1180 */   314,   84,  232,  334,  347,   83,  332,   57,  170,   79,
+ /*  1190 */   213,  461,  125,   85,  337,  342,  492,  502,  497,  301,
+ /*  1200 */   498,  416,  105,  219,  247,  218,  503,  501,  233,  220,
+ /*  1210 */   287,  234,  527,  528,  235,  529,  417,  521,  354,  288,
+ /*  1220 */   184,  121,  185,  240,  535,  475,  242,  356,  187,  479,
+ /*  1230 */   188,  358,  537,   88,  190,  548,  364,  193,  132,  376,
+ /*  1240 */   555,  375,  133,  134,  135,  310,  562,  138,  136,  575,
+ /*  1250 */   576,  577,  580,  100,  393,  406,  217,  142,  624,  625,
+ /*  1260 */   103,  141,  265,  166,  167,  434,   71,  453,  441,  437,
+ /*  1270 */   450,  143,  538,  157,  120,  454,  161,  472,  455,  169,
+ /*  1280 */   459,   81,    6,   12,   13,   92,   95,  126,  216,  127,
+ /*  1290 */   111,  485,  486,   17,   86,  346,  106,  122,  253,  107,
+ /*  1300 */    87,  108,  182,  245,  355,  145,  351,  536,  129,  359,
+ /*  1310 */   312,  130,  543,  173,  539,  266,  191,  109,  289,  551,
+ /*  1320 */   195,   14,  131,  198,  197,  558,  137,  199,  139,  140,
+ /*  1330 */    15,  565,   89,   90,  573,  110,  385,  206,  148,  389,
+ /*  1340 */   285,  587,
+};
+static const YYCODETYPE yy_lookahead[] = {
+ /*     0 */    16,  139,  140,  141,  168,   21,  144,   23,   69,   70,
+ /*    10 */    71,   72,  176,   74,   75,   76,   77,   78,   79,   80,
+ /*    20 */    81,   82,   83,   84,   78,   79,   42,   43,   73,   74,
+ /*    30 */    75,   76,   77,   78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,
+ /*    40 */     1,    2,   23,   58,   60,   61,   62,   63,   64,   65,
+ /*    50 */    66,   67,   68,   69,   70,   71,   72,  147,   74,   75,
+ /*    60 */    76,   77,   78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,   16,
+ /*    70 */   185,  186,   88,   88,  110,   22,  217,   92,  219,  220,
+ /*    80 */    74,   75,   76,   77,   78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,
+ /*    90 */    84,  217,  218,  219,  220,   42,   43,  238,  188,   46,
+ /*   100 */    78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,   88,   89,  124,
+ /*   110 */   125,  126,   16,   60,   61,   62,   63,   64,   65,   66,
+ /*   120 */    67,   68,   69,   70,   71,   72,  147,   74,   75,   76,
+ /*   130 */    77,   78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,   42,   43,
+ /*   140 */    44,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,   23,   84,  169,  170,
+ /*   150 */    19,  164,  165,  166,   23,   23,   60,   61,   62,   63,
+ /*   160 */    64,   65,   66,   67,   68,   69,   70,   71,   72,  110,
+ /*   170 */    74,   75,   76,   77,   78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,
+ /*   180 */    84,   16,  123,  147,  150,  147,   21,  167,  168,   58,
+ /*   190 */   211,  147,  156,  157,   92,  216,  176,   23,  147,  176,
+ /*   200 */   177,   78,   79,  165,  166,  103,  183,   42,   43,   78,
+ /*   210 */    79,   88,   89,  169,  170,  228,  180,  181,  169,   88,
+ /*   220 */    88,   98,   99,   92,   16,   60,   61,   62,   63,   64,
+ /*   230 */    65,   66,   67,   68,   69,   70,   71,   72,  147,   74,
+ /*   240 */    75,   76,   77,   78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,
+ /*   250 */    42,   43,   78,  209,  210,  124,  125,  126,  224,  208,
+ /*   260 */   169,  170,   88,   89,  230,  227,  228,   16,   60,   61,
+ /*   270 */    62,   63,   64,   65,   66,   67,   68,   69,   70,   71,
+ /*   280 */    72,   23,   74,   75,   76,   77,   78,   79,   80,   81,
+ /*   290 */    82,   83,   84,   42,   43,  160,   16,  147,  161,   83,
+ /*   300 */    84,  210,  161,  153,  169,  158,  156,  157,  161,  162,
+ /*   310 */   163,   60,   61,   62,   63,   64,   65,   66,   67,   68,
+ /*   320 */    69,   70,   71,   72,  161,   74,   75,   76,   77,   78,
+ /*   330 */    79,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,  192,  200,  147,  131,
+ /*   340 */    16,  200,   16,  199,   20,  169,   88,   89,   90,  185,
+ /*   350 */   186,   93,   94,   95,  217,   22,  219,  220,  147,  147,
+ /*   360 */   169,  170,  104,  200,   84,  147,   42,   43,  156,  157,
+ /*   370 */    90,   91,   92,   93,   94,   95,   96,  164,  165,  166,
+ /*   380 */   169,  170,  131,  103,   60,   61,   62,   63,   64,   65,
+ /*   390 */    66,   67,   68,   69,   70,   71,   72,  155,   74,   75,
+ /*   400 */    76,   77,   78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,   16,
+ /*   410 */    84,   11,  221,   20,   30,   16,  147,   91,   92,   93,
+ /*   420 */    94,   95,   96,   90,  147,  181,   93,   94,   95,  103,
+ /*   430 */   212,  189,  155,   27,   50,   42,   43,  104,  169,  170,
+ /*   440 */    34,  228,   43,  201,  202,  181,  169,  170,  206,   49,
+ /*   450 */   161,  162,  163,   60,   61,   62,   63,   64,   65,   66,
+ /*   460 */    67,   68,   69,   70,   71,   72,  189,   74,   75,   76,
+ /*   470 */    77,   78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,   16,   25,
+ /*   480 */   211,  147,   20,   29,   12,  147,  102,   19,  211,   21,
+ /*   490 */   147,  141,  147,  216,  144,   41,   24,   98,   20,   99,
+ /*   500 */   100,  101,  103,  165,   42,   43,    0,    1,    2,   37,
+ /*   510 */   110,   39,  169,  170,  169,  170,  182,   19,   20,  190,
+ /*   520 */    22,   49,   60,   61,   62,   63,   64,   65,   66,   67,
+ /*   530 */    68,   69,   70,   71,   72,  155,   74,   75,   76,   77,
+ /*   540 */    78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,   16,  147,   90,
+ /*   550 */    20,   20,   93,   94,   95,  147,  155,   59,  215,  225,
+ /*   560 */   215,   20,  130,  104,  132,  227,  228,   42,   43,  189,
+ /*   570 */   169,  170,   16,   42,   43,   20,   19,   22,   19,   20,
+ /*   580 */    23,   22,   18,  147,  106,  147,  108,  109,   63,   64,
+ /*   590 */   189,   60,   61,   62,   63,   64,   65,   66,   67,   68,
+ /*   600 */    69,   70,   71,   72,  147,   74,   75,   76,   77,   78,
+ /*   610 */    79,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,   16,   92,   59,   55,
+ /*   620 */   212,   21,  147,   19,  147,   23,  188,   23,   12,  217,
+ /*   630 */    23,  219,  220,    7,    8,    9,  106,  186,  108,  109,
+ /*   640 */    24,  147,   42,   43,  208,   88,   89,  106,   92,  108,
+ /*   650 */   109,  244,  245,   37,  147,   39,  147,  182,   94,   16,
+ /*   660 */    60,   61,   62,   63,   64,   65,   66,   67,   68,   69,
+ /*   670 */    70,   71,   72,  145,   74,   75,   76,   77,   78,   79,
+ /*   680 */    80,   81,   82,   83,   84,   42,   43,   80,  142,  143,
+ /*   690 */    88,   89,   88,   89,  148,   88,   89,  133,   14,  147,
+ /*   700 */   225,  155,   16,   60,   61,   62,   63,   64,   65,   66,
+ /*   710 */    67,   68,   69,   70,   71,   72,  114,   74,   75,   76,
+ /*   720 */    77,   78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,   42,   43,
+ /*   730 */   201,  202,  147,  147,  182,  189,   52,  147,   54,  147,
+ /*   740 */   147,  147,  147,  147,  155,   16,   60,   61,   62,   63,
+ /*   750 */    64,   65,   66,   67,   68,   69,   70,   71,   72,  213,
+ /*   760 */    74,   75,   76,   77,   78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,
+ /*   770 */    84,   42,   43,  188,  188,  182,  182,  225,  189,  106,
+ /*   780 */   188,  108,  109,  188,   99,  100,  101,  241,   16,  155,
+ /*   790 */    61,   62,   63,   64,   65,   66,   67,   68,   69,   70,
+ /*   800 */    71,   72,  213,   74,   75,   76,   77,   78,   79,   80,
+ /*   810 */    81,   82,   83,   84,   42,   43,   23,  133,  225,  225,
+ /*   820 */    21,  225,   23,  189,  239,  236,   99,  100,  101,   22,
+ /*   830 */   242,  243,  155,  191,   62,   63,   64,   65,   66,   67,
+ /*   840 */    68,   69,   70,   71,   72,  147,   74,   75,   76,   77,
+ /*   850 */    78,   79,   80,   81,   82,   83,   84,   16,   17,   22,
+ /*   860 */    19,  147,  147,  147,   23,  147,  189,  169,  170,  147,
+ /*   870 */    14,  147,   31,   16,   17,  147,   19,  147,   19,   43,
+ /*   880 */    23,   88,   89,  169,  170,  169,  170,   88,   31,   48,
+ /*   890 */   147,  169,  170,  169,  170,  147,   89,  169,  170,   58,
+ /*   900 */   147,  147,  147,  188,  147,   48,  188,  114,   52,  147,
+ /*   910 */    54,   19,  147,  124,  125,   58,  147,  169,  170,   78,
+ /*   920 */    79,  114,  169,  170,  169,  170,  169,  170,   87,   88,
+ /*   930 */    89,  169,  170,   92,   98,   78,   79,   80,  169,  170,
+ /*   940 */    91,  147,  188,   22,   87,   88,   89,   16,   17,   92,
+ /*   950 */    19,  110,  147,  155,   23,  147,  155,   22,  121,  110,
+ /*   960 */    68,   80,   31,  169,  170,  124,  125,  126,  127,  128,
+ /*   970 */   129,  112,  123,  208,  169,  170,  107,  169,  170,   48,
+ /*   980 */   111,  124,  125,  126,  127,  128,  129,  189,  107,   58,
+ /*   990 */   189,    5,  111,  147,    7,    8,   10,   11,   12,   13,
+ /*  1000 */   161,   20,  147,   22,  178,  147,   91,   92,  147,   78,
+ /*  1010 */    79,  147,   26,   19,   28,  169,  170,   23,   87,   88,
+ /*  1020 */    89,   35,  147,   92,  169,  170,  147,  169,  170,  147,
+ /*  1030 */   169,  170,   97,   47,  113,   49,   20,  203,   22,   53,
+ /*  1040 */   147,  147,   56,  147,  169,  170,  147,  147,  147,   20,
+ /*  1050 */   147,  169,  170,  147,  147,  124,  125,  126,  127,  128,
+ /*  1060 */   129,  147,  169,  170,  178,  169,  170,  147,  169,  170,
+ /*  1070 */   169,  170,  169,  170,  147,  169,  170,  147,   20,  147,
+ /*  1080 */    22,  147,   88,  147,  147,   99,  100,  101,   59,  169,
+ /*  1090 */   170,  105,  147,   20,  147,   22,  110,  178,  147,  169,
+ /*  1100 */   170,  169,  170,  169,  170,  169,  170,   20,  147,   22,
+ /*  1110 */   147,   20,  147,   22,  169,  170,  169,  170,  147,  147,
+ /*  1120 */   134,   20,  147,   22,   20,  147,   22,  147,   20,  232,
+ /*  1130 */    22,  233,  169,  170,  169,  170,  147,  147,  147,  147,
+ /*  1140 */   169,  170,  147,  147,  169,  170,  147,  169,  170,  169,
+ /*  1150 */   170,  147,  147,  147,  147,  147,  147,  191,  161,  149,
+ /*  1160 */   193,  177,  229,  223,  161,  172,    6,  229,  194,  146,
+ /*  1170 */   172,  194,  172,  172,  172,  161,  146,  146,  146,   22,
+ /*  1180 */   154,  121,  194,  118,  173,  119,  116,  120,  112,  130,
+ /*  1190 */   222,  152,  152,   98,  115,   98,  171,   97,  171,   40,
+ /*  1200 */   179,  189,   19,   84,  171,  226,  171,  173,  195,  226,
+ /*  1210 */   174,  196,  171,  171,  197,  171,  198,  179,   15,  174,
+ /*  1220 */   151,   60,  151,  204,  152,  205,  204,  152,  151,  205,
+ /*  1230 */   152,   38,  152,  130,  151,  184,  152,  184,   19,   15,
+ /*  1240 */   194,  152,  187,  187,  187,  152,  194,  184,  187,   33,
+ /*  1250 */   152,  152,  137,  159,    1,   20,  175,  214,  112,  112,
+ /*  1260 */   175,  214,  234,  112,  112,   92,   19,   11,   20,  107,
+ /*  1270 */    20,   19,  235,   19,   32,   20,  112,  114,   20,   22,
+ /*  1280 */    20,   22,  117,   22,  117,  237,  237,   19,   44,   20,
+ /*  1290 */   240,   20,   20,  231,   19,   44,   19,  243,   20,   19,
+ /*  1300 */    19,   19,   96,  103,   16,   21,   44,   17,   98,   36,
+ /*  1310 */   246,   45,   45,   22,   51,  133,   98,   19,    5,    1,
+ /*  1320 */   122,   19,  102,   14,  113,   17,  113,  115,  102,  122,
+ /*  1330 */    19,  123,   68,   68,   20,   14,   57,  135,   19,    3,
+ /*  1340 */   136,    4,
+};
+#define YY_SHIFT_USE_DFLT (-62)
+#define YY_SHIFT_MAX 389
+static const short yy_shift_ofst[] = {
+ /*     0 */    39,  841,  986,  -16,  841,  931,  931,  258,  123,  -36,
+ /*    10 */    96,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  -45,  400,  174,   19,
+ /*    20 */   132,  -54,  -54,   53,  165,  208,  251,  324,  393,  462,
+ /*    30 */   531,  600,  643,  686,  643,  643,  643,  643,  643,  643,
+ /*    40 */   643,  643,  643,  643,  643,  643,  643,  643,  643,  643,
+ /*    50 */   643,  643,  729,  772,  772,  857,  931,  931,  931,  931,
+ /*    60 */   931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,
+ /*    70 */   931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,
+ /*    80 */   931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,
+ /*    90 */   931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  931,  -61,  -61,    6,    6,
+ /*   100 */   280,   22,   61,  399,  564,   19,   19,   19,   19,   19,
+ /*   110 */    19,   19,  216,  132,   63,  -62,  -62,  -62,  131,  326,
+ /*   120 */   472,  472,  498,  559,  506,  799,   19,  799,   19,   19,
+ /*   130 */    19,   19,   19,   19,   19,   19,   19,   19,   19,   19,
+ /*   140 */    19,  849,   59,  -36,  -36,  -36,  -62,  -62,  -62,  -15,
+ /*   150 */   -15,  333,  459,  478,  557,  530,  541,  616,  602,  793,
+ /*   160 */   604,  607,  626,   19,   19,  881,   19,   19,  994,   19,
+ /*   170 */    19,  807,   19,   19,  673,  807,   19,   19,  384,  384,
+ /*   180 */   384,   19,   19,  673,   19,   19,  673,   19,  454,  685,
+ /*   190 */    19,   19,  673,   19,   19,   19,  673,   19,   19,   19,
+ /*   200 */   673,  673,   19,   19,   19,   19,   19,  468,  869,  921,
+ /*   210 */   132,  789,  789,  432,  406,  406,  406,  836,  406,  132,
+ /*   220 */   406,  132,  935,  837,  837, 1160, 1160, 1160, 1160, 1157,
+ /*   230 */   -36, 1060, 1065, 1066, 1070, 1067, 1059, 1076, 1076, 1095,
+ /*   240 */  1079, 1095, 1079, 1097, 1097, 1159, 1097, 1100, 1097, 1183,
+ /*   250 */  1119, 1119, 1159, 1097, 1097, 1097, 1183, 1203, 1076, 1203,
+ /*   260 */  1076, 1203, 1076, 1076, 1193, 1103, 1203, 1076, 1161, 1161,
+ /*   270 */  1219, 1060, 1076, 1224, 1224, 1224, 1224, 1060, 1161, 1219,
+ /*   280 */  1076, 1216, 1216, 1076, 1076, 1115,  -62,  -62,  -62,  -62,
+ /*   290 */   -62,  -62,  525,  684,  727,  856,  859,  556,  555,  981,
+ /*   300 */   102,  987,  915, 1016, 1058, 1073, 1087, 1091, 1101, 1104,
+ /*   310 */   892, 1108, 1029, 1253, 1235, 1146, 1147, 1151, 1152, 1173,
+ /*   320 */  1162, 1247, 1248, 1250, 1252, 1256, 1254, 1255, 1257, 1258,
+ /*   330 */  1260, 1259, 1165, 1261, 1167, 1259, 1163, 1268, 1269, 1164,
+ /*   340 */  1271, 1272, 1242, 1244, 1275, 1251, 1277, 1278, 1280, 1281,
+ /*   350 */  1262, 1282, 1206, 1200, 1288, 1290, 1284, 1210, 1273, 1263,
+ /*   360 */  1266, 1291, 1267, 1182, 1218, 1298, 1313, 1318, 1220, 1264,
+ /*   370 */  1265, 1198, 1302, 1211, 1309, 1212, 1308, 1213, 1226, 1207,
+ /*   380 */  1311, 1208, 1314, 1321, 1279, 1202, 1204, 1319, 1336, 1337,
+};
+#define YY_REDUCE_USE_DFLT (-165)
+#define YY_REDUCE_MAX 291
+static const short yy_reduce_ofst[] = {
+ /*     0 */  -138,  277,  546,  137,  401,  -21,   44,   36,   38,  242,
+ /*    10 */  -141,  191,   91,  269,  343,  345, -126,  589,  338,  150,
+ /*    20 */   147,  -13,  213,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,
+ /*    30 */   412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,
+ /*    40 */   412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  412,
+ /*    50 */   412,  412,  412,  412,  412,  211,  698,  714,  716,  722,
+ /*    60 */   724,  728,  748,  753,  755,  757,  762,  769,  794,  805,
+ /*    70 */   808,  846,  855,  858,  861,  875,  882,  893,  896,  899,
+ /*    80 */   901,  903,  906,  920,  930,  932,  934,  936,  945,  947,
+ /*    90 */   963,  965,  971,  975,  978,  980,  412,  412,  412,  412,
+ /*   100 */    20,  412,  412,   23,   34,  334,  475,  552,  593,  594,
+ /*   110 */   585,  212,  412,  289,  412,  412,  412,  412,  135, -164,
+ /*   120 */  -115,  164,  407,  407,  350,  141,   51,  163,  596,  -90,
+ /*   130 */   436,  218,  765,  438,  586,  592,  595,  715,  718,  408,
+ /*   140 */   754,  380,  634,  677,  798,  801,  144,  529,  588,   49,
+ /*   150 */   176,  244,  264,  329,  457,  329,  329,  451,  477,  494,
+ /*   160 */   507,  509,  528,  590,  730,  642,  509,  743,  839,  864,
+ /*   170 */   879,  834,  894,  900,  329,  834,  907,  914,  826,  886,
+ /*   180 */   919,  927,  937,  329,  951,  961,  329,  972,  897,  898,
+ /*   190 */   989,  990,  329,  991,  992,  995,  329,  996,  999, 1004,
+ /*   200 */   329,  329, 1005, 1006, 1007, 1008, 1009, 1010,  966,  967,
+ /*   210 */   997,  933,  938,  940,  993,  998, 1000,  984, 1001, 1003,
+ /*   220 */  1002, 1014, 1011,  974,  977, 1023, 1030, 1031, 1032, 1026,
+ /*   230 */  1012,  988, 1013, 1015, 1017, 1018,  968, 1039, 1040, 1019,
+ /*   240 */  1020, 1022, 1024, 1025, 1027, 1021, 1033, 1034, 1035, 1036,
+ /*   250 */   979,  983, 1038, 1041, 1042, 1044, 1045, 1069, 1072, 1071,
+ /*   260 */  1075, 1077, 1078, 1080, 1028, 1037, 1083, 1084, 1051, 1053,
+ /*   270 */  1043, 1046, 1089, 1055, 1056, 1057, 1061, 1052, 1063, 1047,
+ /*   280 */  1093, 1048, 1049, 1098, 1099, 1050, 1094, 1081, 1085, 1062,
+ /*   290 */  1054, 1064,
+};
+static const YYACTIONTYPE yy_default[] = {
+ /*     0 */   595,  820,  902,  710,  902,  820,  902,  902,  848,  714,
+ /*    10 */   877,  818,  902,  902,  902,  902,  792,  902,  848,  902,
+ /*    20 */   626,  848,  848,  743,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*    30 */   902,  902,  744,  902,  822,  817,  813,  815,  814,  821,
+ /*    40 */   745,  734,  741,  748,  726,  861,  750,  751,  757,  758,
+ /*    50 */   878,  876,  780,  779,  798,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*    60 */   902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*    70 */   902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*    80 */   902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*    90 */   902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  782,  804,  781,  791,
+ /*   100 */   619,  783,  784,  679,  614,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   110 */   902,  902,  785,  902,  786,  799,  800,  801,  902,  902,
+ /*   120 */   902,  902,  902,  902,  595,  710,  902,  710,  902,  902,
+ /*   130 */   902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   140 */   902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  704,  714,  895,  902,
+ /*   150 */   902,  670,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   160 */   902,  902,  602,  600,  902,  702,  902,  902,  628,  902,
+ /*   170 */   902,  712,  902,  902,  717,  718,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   180 */   902,  902,  902,  616,  902,  902,  691,  902,  854,  902,
+ /*   190 */   902,  902,  868,  902,  902,  902,  866,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   200 */   693,  753,  834,  902,  881,  883,  902,  902,  702,  711,
+ /*   210 */   902,  902,  902,  816,  737,  737,  737,  649,  737,  902,
+ /*   220 */   737,  902,  652,  747,  747,  599,  599,  599,  599,  669,
+ /*   230 */   902,  747,  738,  740,  730,  742,  902,  719,  719,  727,
+ /*   240 */   729,  727,  729,  681,  681,  666,  681,  652,  681,  826,
+ /*   250 */   831,  831,  666,  681,  681,  681,  826,  611,  719,  611,
+ /*   260 */   719,  611,  719,  719,  858,  860,  611,  719,  683,  683,
+ /*   270 */   759,  747,  719,  690,  690,  690,  690,  747,  683,  759,
+ /*   280 */   719,  880,  880,  719,  719,  888,  636,  654,  654,  863,
+ /*   290 */   895,  900,  902,  902,  902,  902,  766,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   300 */   902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   310 */   841,  902,  902,  902,  902,  771,  767,  902,  768,  902,
+ /*   320 */   696,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   330 */   902,  819,  902,  731,  902,  739,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   340 */   902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   350 */   902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   360 */   856,  857,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   370 */   902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,  902,
+ /*   380 */   902,  902,  902,  902,  887,  902,  902,  890,  596,  902,
+ /*   390 */   590,  593,  592,  594,  598,  601,  623,  624,  625,  603,
+ /*   400 */   604,  605,  606,  607,  608,  609,  615,  617,  635,  637,
+ /*   410 */   621,  639,  700,  701,  763,  694,  695,  699,  622,  774,
+ /*   420 */   765,  769,  770,  772,  773,  787,  788,  790,  796,  803,
+ /*   430 */   806,  789,  794,  795,  797,  802,  805,  697,  698,  809,
+ /*   440 */   629,  630,  633,  634,  844,  846,  845,  847,  632,  631,
+ /*   450 */   775,  778,  811,  812,  869,  870,  871,  872,  873,  807,
+ /*   460 */   720,  810,  793,  732,  735,  736,  733,  703,  713,  722,
+ /*   470 */   723,  724,  725,  708,  709,  715,  728,  761,  762,  716,
+ /*   480 */   705,  706,  707,  808,  764,  776,  777,  640,  641,  771,
+ /*   490 */   642,  643,  644,  682,  685,  686,  687,  645,  664,  667,
+ /*   500 */   668,  646,  653,  647,  648,  655,  656,  657,  660,  661,
+ /*   510 */   662,  663,  658,  659,  827,  828,  832,  830,  829,  650,
+ /*   520 */   651,  665,  638,  627,  620,  671,  674,  675,  676,  677,
+ /*   530 */   678,  680,  672,  673,  618,  610,  612,  721,  850,  859,
+ /*   540 */   855,  851,  852,  853,  613,  823,  824,  684,  755,  756,
+ /*   550 */   849,  862,  864,  760,  865,  867,  892,  688,  689,  692,
+ /*   560 */   833,  874,  746,  749,  752,  754,  835,  836,  837,  838,
+ /*   570 */   839,  842,  843,  840,  875,  879,  882,  884,  885,  886,
+ /*   580 */   889,  891,  896,  897,  898,  901,  899,  597,  591,
+};
+#define YY_SZ_ACTTAB (int)(sizeof(yy_action)/sizeof(yy_action[0]))
+
+/* The next table maps tokens into fallback tokens.  If a construct
+** like the following:
+** 
+**      %fallback ID X Y Z.
+**
+** appears in the grammer, then ID becomes a fallback token for X, Y,
+** and Z.  Whenever one of the tokens X, Y, or Z is input to the parser
+** but it does not parse, the type of the token is changed to ID and
+** the parse is retried before an error is thrown.
+*/
+#ifdef YYFALLBACK
+static const YYCODETYPE yyFallback[] = {
+    0,  /*          $ => nothing */
+    0,  /*       SEMI => nothing */
+   23,  /*    EXPLAIN => ID */
+   23,  /*      QUERY => ID */
+   23,  /*       PLAN => ID */
+   23,  /*      BEGIN => ID */
+    0,  /* TRANSACTION => nothing */
+   23,  /*   DEFERRED => ID */
+   23,  /*  IMMEDIATE => ID */
+   23,  /*  EXCLUSIVE => ID */
+    0,  /*     COMMIT => nothing */
+   23,  /*        END => ID */
+    0,  /*   ROLLBACK => nothing */
+    0,  /*     CREATE => nothing */
+    0,  /*      TABLE => nothing */
+   23,  /*         IF => ID */
+    0,  /*        NOT => nothing */
+    0,  /*     EXISTS => nothing */
+   23,  /*       TEMP => ID */
+    0,  /*         LP => nothing */
+    0,  /*         RP => nothing */
+    0,  /*         AS => nothing */
+    0,  /*      COMMA => nothing */
+    0,  /*         ID => nothing */
+   23,  /*      ABORT => ID */
+   23,  /*      AFTER => ID */
+   23,  /*    ANALYZE => ID */
+   23,  /*        ASC => ID */
+   23,  /*     ATTACH => ID */
+   23,  /*     BEFORE => ID */
+   23,  /*    CASCADE => ID */
+   23,  /*       CAST => ID */
+   23,  /*   CONFLICT => ID */
+   23,  /*   DATABASE => ID */
+   23,  /*       DESC => ID */
+   23,  /*     DETACH => ID */
+   23,  /*       EACH => ID */
+   23,  /*       FAIL => ID */
+   23,  /*        FOR => ID */
+   23,  /*     IGNORE => ID */
+   23,  /*  INITIALLY => ID */
+   23,  /*    INSTEAD => ID */
+   23,  /*    LIKE_KW => ID */
+   23,  /*      MATCH => ID */
+   23,  /*        KEY => ID */
+   23,  /*         OF => ID */
+   23,  /*     OFFSET => ID */
+   23,  /*     PRAGMA => ID */
+   23,  /*      RAISE => ID */
+   23,  /*    REPLACE => ID */
+   23,  /*   RESTRICT => ID */
+   23,  /*        ROW => ID */
+   23,  /*    TRIGGER => ID */
+   23,  /*     VACUUM => ID */
+   23,  /*       VIEW => ID */
+   23,  /*    VIRTUAL => ID */
+   23,  /*    REINDEX => ID */
+   23,  /*     RENAME => ID */
+   23,  /*   CTIME_KW => ID */
+    0,  /*        ANY => nothing */
+    0,  /*         OR => nothing */
+    0,  /*        AND => nothing */
+    0,  /*         IS => nothing */
+    0,  /*    BETWEEN => nothing */
+    0,  /*         IN => nothing */
+    0,  /*     ISNULL => nothing */
+    0,  /*    NOTNULL => nothing */
+    0,  /*         NE => nothing */
+    0,  /*         EQ => nothing */
+    0,  /*         GT => nothing */
+    0,  /*         LE => nothing */
+    0,  /*         LT => nothing */
+    0,  /*         GE => nothing */
+    0,  /*     ESCAPE => nothing */
+    0,  /*     BITAND => nothing */
+    0,  /*      BITOR => nothing */
+    0,  /*     LSHIFT => nothing */
+    0,  /*     RSHIFT => nothing */
+    0,  /*       PLUS => nothing */
+    0,  /*      MINUS => nothing */
+    0,  /*       STAR => nothing */
+    0,  /*      SLASH => nothing */
+    0,  /*        REM => nothing */
+    0,  /*     CONCAT => nothing */
+    0,  /*    COLLATE => nothing */
+    0,  /*     UMINUS => nothing */
+    0,  /*      UPLUS => nothing */
+    0,  /*     BITNOT => nothing */
+    0,  /*     STRING => nothing */
+    0,  /*    JOIN_KW => nothing */
+    0,  /* CONSTRAINT => nothing */
+    0,  /*    DEFAULT => nothing */
+    0,  /*       NULL => nothing */
+    0,  /*    PRIMARY => nothing */
+    0,  /*     UNIQUE => nothing */
+    0,  /*      CHECK => nothing */
+    0,  /* REFERENCES => nothing */
+    0,  /*   AUTOINCR => nothing */
+    0,  /*         ON => nothing */
+    0,  /*     DELETE => nothing */
+    0,  /*     UPDATE => nothing */
+    0,  /*     INSERT => nothing */
+    0,  /*        SET => nothing */
+    0,  /* DEFERRABLE => nothing */
+    0,  /*    FOREIGN => nothing */
+    0,  /*       DROP => nothing */
+    0,  /*      UNION => nothing */
+    0,  /*        ALL => nothing */
+    0,  /*     EXCEPT => nothing */
+    0,  /*  INTERSECT => nothing */
+    0,  /*     SELECT => nothing */
+    0,  /*   DISTINCT => nothing */
+    0,  /*        DOT => nothing */
+    0,  /*       FROM => nothing */
+    0,  /*       JOIN => nothing */
+    0,  /*      USING => nothing */
+    0,  /*      ORDER => nothing */
+    0,  /*         BY => nothing */
+    0,  /*      GROUP => nothing */
+    0,  /*     HAVING => nothing */
+    0,  /*      LIMIT => nothing */
+    0,  /*      WHERE => nothing */
+    0,  /*       INTO => nothing */
+    0,  /*     VALUES => nothing */
+    0,  /*    INTEGER => nothing */
+    0,  /*      FLOAT => nothing */
+    0,  /*       BLOB => nothing */
+    0,  /*   REGISTER => nothing */
+    0,  /*   VARIABLE => nothing */
+    0,  /*       CASE => nothing */
+    0,  /*       WHEN => nothing */
+    0,  /*       THEN => nothing */
+    0,  /*       ELSE => nothing */
+    0,  /*      INDEX => nothing */
+    0,  /*      ALTER => nothing */
+    0,  /*         TO => nothing */
+    0,  /*        ADD => nothing */
+    0,  /*   COLUMNKW => nothing */
+};
+#endif /* YYFALLBACK */
+
+/* The following structure represents a single element of the
+** parser's stack.  Information stored includes:
+**
+**   +  The state number for the parser at this level of the stack.
+**
+**   +  The value of the token stored at this level of the stack.
+**      (In other words, the "major" token.)
+**
+**   +  The semantic value stored at this level of the stack.  This is
+**      the information used by the action routines in the grammar.
+**      It is sometimes called the "minor" token.
+*/
+struct yyStackEntry {
+  int stateno;       /* The state-number */
+  int major;         /* The major token value.  This is the code
+                     ** number for the token at this stack level */
+  YYMINORTYPE minor; /* The user-supplied minor token value.  This
+                     ** is the value of the token  */
+};
+typedef struct yyStackEntry yyStackEntry;
+
+/* The state of the parser is completely contained in an instance of
+** the following structure */
+struct yyParser {
+  int yyidx;                    /* Index of top element in stack */
+  int yyerrcnt;                 /* Shifts left before out of the error */
+  sqlite3ParserARG_SDECL                /* A place to hold %extra_argument */
+#if YYSTACKDEPTH<=0
+  int yystksz;                  /* Current side of the stack */
+  yyStackEntry *yystack;        /* The parser's stack */
+#else
+  yyStackEntry yystack[YYSTACKDEPTH];  /* The parser's stack */
+#endif
+};
+typedef struct yyParser yyParser;
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+#include <stdio.h>
+static FILE *yyTraceFILE = 0;
+static char *yyTracePrompt = 0;
+#endif /* NDEBUG */
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+/* 
+** Turn parser tracing on by giving a stream to which to write the trace
+** and a prompt to preface each trace message.  Tracing is turned off
+** by making either argument NULL 
+**
+** Inputs:
+** <ul>
+** <li> A FILE* to which trace output should be written.
+**      If NULL, then tracing is turned off.
+** <li> A prefix string written at the beginning of every
+**      line of trace output.  If NULL, then tracing is
+**      turned off.
+** </ul>
+**
+** Outputs:
+** None.
+*/
+void sqlite3ParserTrace(FILE *TraceFILE, char *zTracePrompt){
+  yyTraceFILE = TraceFILE;
+  yyTracePrompt = zTracePrompt;
+  if( yyTraceFILE==0 ) yyTracePrompt = 0;
+  else if( yyTracePrompt==0 ) yyTraceFILE = 0;
+}
+#endif /* NDEBUG */
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+/* For tracing shifts, the names of all terminals and nonterminals
+** are required.  The following table supplies these names */
+static const char *const yyTokenName[] = { 
+  "$",             "SEMI",          "EXPLAIN",       "QUERY",       
+  "PLAN",          "BEGIN",         "TRANSACTION",   "DEFERRED",    
+  "IMMEDIATE",     "EXCLUSIVE",     "COMMIT",        "END",         
+  "ROLLBACK",      "CREATE",        "TABLE",         "IF",          
+  "NOT",           "EXISTS",        "TEMP",          "LP",          
+  "RP",            "AS",            "COMMA",         "ID",          
+  "ABORT",         "AFTER",         "ANALYZE",       "ASC",         
+  "ATTACH",        "BEFORE",        "CASCADE",       "CAST",        
+  "CONFLICT",      "DATABASE",      "DESC",          "DETACH",      
+  "EACH",          "FAIL",          "FOR",           "IGNORE",      
+  "INITIALLY",     "INSTEAD",       "LIKE_KW",       "MATCH",       
+  "KEY",           "OF",            "OFFSET",        "PRAGMA",      
+  "RAISE",         "REPLACE",       "RESTRICT",      "ROW",         
+  "TRIGGER",       "VACUUM",        "VIEW",          "VIRTUAL",     
+  "REINDEX",       "RENAME",        "CTIME_KW",      "ANY",         
+  "OR",            "AND",           "IS",            "BETWEEN",     
+  "IN",            "ISNULL",        "NOTNULL",       "NE",          
+  "EQ",            "GT",            "LE",            "LT",          
+  "GE",            "ESCAPE",        "BITAND",        "BITOR",       
+  "LSHIFT",        "RSHIFT",        "PLUS",          "MINUS",       
+  "STAR",          "SLASH",         "REM",           "CONCAT",      
+  "COLLATE",       "UMINUS",        "UPLUS",         "BITNOT",      
+  "STRING",        "JOIN_KW",       "CONSTRAINT",    "DEFAULT",     
+  "NULL",          "PRIMARY",       "UNIQUE",        "CHECK",       
+  "REFERENCES",    "AUTOINCR",      "ON",            "DELETE",      
+  "UPDATE",        "INSERT",        "SET",           "DEFERRABLE",  
+  "FOREIGN",       "DROP",          "UNION",         "ALL",         
+  "EXCEPT",        "INTERSECT",     "SELECT",        "DISTINCT",    
+  "DOT",           "FROM",          "JOIN",          "USING",       
+  "ORDER",         "BY",            "GROUP",         "HAVING",      
+  "LIMIT",         "WHERE",         "INTO",          "VALUES",      
+  "INTEGER",       "FLOAT",         "BLOB",          "REGISTER",    
+  "VARIABLE",      "CASE",          "WHEN",          "THEN",        
+  "ELSE",          "INDEX",         "ALTER",         "TO",          
+  "ADD",           "COLUMNKW",      "error",         "input",       
+  "cmdlist",       "ecmd",          "cmdx",          "cmd",         
+  "explain",       "transtype",     "trans_opt",     "nm",          
+  "create_table",  "create_table_args",  "temp",          "ifnotexists", 
+  "dbnm",          "columnlist",    "conslist_opt",  "select",      
+  "column",        "columnid",      "type",          "carglist",    
+  "id",            "ids",           "typetoken",     "typename",    
+  "signed",        "plus_num",      "minus_num",     "carg",        
+  "ccons",         "term",          "expr",          "onconf",      
+  "sortorder",     "autoinc",       "idxlist_opt",   "refargs",     
+  "defer_subclause",  "refarg",        "refact",        "init_deferred_pred_opt",
+  "conslist",      "tcons",         "idxlist",       "defer_subclause_opt",
+  "orconf",        "resolvetype",   "raisetype",     "ifexists",    
+  "fullname",      "oneselect",     "multiselect_op",  "distinct",    
+  "selcollist",    "from",          "where_opt",     "groupby_opt", 
+  "having_opt",    "orderby_opt",   "limit_opt",     "sclp",        
+  "as",            "seltablist",    "stl_prefix",    "joinop",      
+  "on_opt",        "using_opt",     "seltablist_paren",  "joinop2",     
+  "inscollist",    "sortlist",      "sortitem",      "nexprlist",   
+  "setlist",       "insert_cmd",    "inscollist_opt",  "itemlist",    
+  "exprlist",      "likeop",        "escape",        "between_op",  
+  "in_op",         "case_operand",  "case_exprlist",  "case_else",   
+  "uniqueflag",    "idxitem",       "collate",       "nmnum",       
+  "plus_opt",      "number",        "trigger_decl",  "trigger_cmd_list",
+  "trigger_time",  "trigger_event",  "foreach_clause",  "when_clause", 
+  "trigger_cmd",   "database_kw_opt",  "key_opt",       "add_column_fullname",
+  "kwcolumn_opt",  "create_vtab",   "vtabarglist",   "vtabarg",     
+  "vtabargtoken",  "lp",            "anylist",     
+};
+#endif /* NDEBUG */
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+/* For tracing reduce actions, the names of all rules are required.
+*/
+static const char *const yyRuleName[] = {
+ /*   0 */ "input ::= cmdlist",
+ /*   1 */ "cmdlist ::= cmdlist ecmd",
+ /*   2 */ "cmdlist ::= ecmd",
+ /*   3 */ "cmdx ::= cmd",
+ /*   4 */ "ecmd ::= SEMI",
+ /*   5 */ "ecmd ::= explain cmdx SEMI",
+ /*   6 */ "explain ::=",
+ /*   7 */ "explain ::= EXPLAIN",
+ /*   8 */ "explain ::= EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN",
+ /*   9 */ "cmd ::= BEGIN transtype trans_opt",
+ /*  10 */ "trans_opt ::=",
+ /*  11 */ "trans_opt ::= TRANSACTION",
+ /*  12 */ "trans_opt ::= TRANSACTION nm",
+ /*  13 */ "transtype ::=",
+ /*  14 */ "transtype ::= DEFERRED",
+ /*  15 */ "transtype ::= IMMEDIATE",
+ /*  16 */ "transtype ::= EXCLUSIVE",
+ /*  17 */ "cmd ::= COMMIT trans_opt",
+ /*  18 */ "cmd ::= END trans_opt",
+ /*  19 */ "cmd ::= ROLLBACK trans_opt",
+ /*  20 */ "cmd ::= create_table create_table_args",
+ /*  21 */ "create_table ::= CREATE temp TABLE ifnotexists nm dbnm",
+ /*  22 */ "ifnotexists ::=",
+ /*  23 */ "ifnotexists ::= IF NOT EXISTS",
+ /*  24 */ "temp ::= TEMP",
+ /*  25 */ "temp ::=",
+ /*  26 */ "create_table_args ::= LP columnlist conslist_opt RP",
+ /*  27 */ "create_table_args ::= AS select",
+ /*  28 */ "columnlist ::= columnlist COMMA column",
+ /*  29 */ "columnlist ::= column",
+ /*  30 */ "column ::= columnid type carglist",
+ /*  31 */ "columnid ::= nm",
+ /*  32 */ "id ::= ID",
+ /*  33 */ "ids ::= ID|STRING",
+ /*  34 */ "nm ::= ID",
+ /*  35 */ "nm ::= STRING",
+ /*  36 */ "nm ::= JOIN_KW",
+ /*  37 */ "type ::=",
+ /*  38 */ "type ::= typetoken",
+ /*  39 */ "typetoken ::= typename",
+ /*  40 */ "typetoken ::= typename LP signed RP",
+ /*  41 */ "typetoken ::= typename LP signed COMMA signed RP",
+ /*  42 */ "typename ::= ids",
+ /*  43 */ "typename ::= typename ids",
+ /*  44 */ "signed ::= plus_num",
+ /*  45 */ "signed ::= minus_num",
+ /*  46 */ "carglist ::= carglist carg",
+ /*  47 */ "carglist ::=",
+ /*  48 */ "carg ::= CONSTRAINT nm ccons",
+ /*  49 */ "carg ::= ccons",
+ /*  50 */ "ccons ::= DEFAULT term",
+ /*  51 */ "ccons ::= DEFAULT LP expr RP",
+ /*  52 */ "ccons ::= DEFAULT PLUS term",
+ /*  53 */ "ccons ::= DEFAULT MINUS term",
+ /*  54 */ "ccons ::= DEFAULT id",
+ /*  55 */ "ccons ::= NULL onconf",
+ /*  56 */ "ccons ::= NOT NULL onconf",
+ /*  57 */ "ccons ::= PRIMARY KEY sortorder onconf autoinc",
+ /*  58 */ "ccons ::= UNIQUE onconf",
+ /*  59 */ "ccons ::= CHECK LP expr RP",
+ /*  60 */ "ccons ::= REFERENCES nm idxlist_opt refargs",
+ /*  61 */ "ccons ::= defer_subclause",
+ /*  62 */ "ccons ::= COLLATE ids",
+ /*  63 */ "autoinc ::=",
+ /*  64 */ "autoinc ::= AUTOINCR",
+ /*  65 */ "refargs ::=",
+ /*  66 */ "refargs ::= refargs refarg",
+ /*  67 */ "refarg ::= MATCH nm",
+ /*  68 */ "refarg ::= ON DELETE refact",
+ /*  69 */ "refarg ::= ON UPDATE refact",
+ /*  70 */ "refarg ::= ON INSERT refact",
+ /*  71 */ "refact ::= SET NULL",
+ /*  72 */ "refact ::= SET DEFAULT",
+ /*  73 */ "refact ::= CASCADE",
+ /*  74 */ "refact ::= RESTRICT",
+ /*  75 */ "defer_subclause ::= NOT DEFERRABLE init_deferred_pred_opt",
+ /*  76 */ "defer_subclause ::= DEFERRABLE init_deferred_pred_opt",
+ /*  77 */ "init_deferred_pred_opt ::=",
+ /*  78 */ "init_deferred_pred_opt ::= INITIALLY DEFERRED",
+ /*  79 */ "init_deferred_pred_opt ::= INITIALLY IMMEDIATE",
+ /*  80 */ "conslist_opt ::=",
+ /*  81 */ "conslist_opt ::= COMMA conslist",
+ /*  82 */ "conslist ::= conslist COMMA tcons",
+ /*  83 */ "conslist ::= conslist tcons",
+ /*  84 */ "conslist ::= tcons",
+ /*  85 */ "tcons ::= CONSTRAINT nm",
+ /*  86 */ "tcons ::= PRIMARY KEY LP idxlist autoinc RP onconf",
+ /*  87 */ "tcons ::= UNIQUE LP idxlist RP onconf",
+ /*  88 */ "tcons ::= CHECK LP expr RP onconf",
+ /*  89 */ "tcons ::= FOREIGN KEY LP idxlist RP REFERENCES nm idxlist_opt refargs defer_subclause_opt",
+ /*  90 */ "defer_subclause_opt ::=",
+ /*  91 */ "defer_subclause_opt ::= defer_subclause",
+ /*  92 */ "onconf ::=",
+ /*  93 */ "onconf ::= ON CONFLICT resolvetype",
+ /*  94 */ "orconf ::=",
+ /*  95 */ "orconf ::= OR resolvetype",
+ /*  96 */ "resolvetype ::= raisetype",
+ /*  97 */ "resolvetype ::= IGNORE",
+ /*  98 */ "resolvetype ::= REPLACE",
+ /*  99 */ "cmd ::= DROP TABLE ifexists fullname",
+ /* 100 */ "ifexists ::= IF EXISTS",
+ /* 101 */ "ifexists ::=",
+ /* 102 */ "cmd ::= CREATE temp VIEW ifnotexists nm dbnm AS select",
+ /* 103 */ "cmd ::= DROP VIEW ifexists fullname",
+ /* 104 */ "cmd ::= select",
+ /* 105 */ "select ::= oneselect",
+ /* 106 */ "select ::= select multiselect_op oneselect",
+ /* 107 */ "multiselect_op ::= UNION",
+ /* 108 */ "multiselect_op ::= UNION ALL",
+ /* 109 */ "multiselect_op ::= EXCEPT|INTERSECT",
+ /* 110 */ "oneselect ::= SELECT distinct selcollist from where_opt groupby_opt having_opt orderby_opt limit_opt",
+ /* 111 */ "distinct ::= DISTINCT",
+ /* 112 */ "distinct ::= ALL",
+ /* 113 */ "distinct ::=",
+ /* 114 */ "sclp ::= selcollist COMMA",
+ /* 115 */ "sclp ::=",
+ /* 116 */ "selcollist ::= sclp expr as",
+ /* 117 */ "selcollist ::= sclp STAR",
+ /* 118 */ "selcollist ::= sclp nm DOT STAR",
+ /* 119 */ "as ::= AS nm",
+ /* 120 */ "as ::= ids",
+ /* 121 */ "as ::=",
+ /* 122 */ "from ::=",
+ /* 123 */ "from ::= FROM seltablist",
+ /* 124 */ "stl_prefix ::= seltablist joinop",
+ /* 125 */ "stl_prefix ::=",
+ /* 126 */ "seltablist ::= stl_prefix nm dbnm as on_opt using_opt",
+ /* 127 */ "seltablist ::= stl_prefix LP seltablist_paren RP as on_opt using_opt",
+ /* 128 */ "seltablist_paren ::= select",
+ /* 129 */ "seltablist_paren ::= seltablist",
+ /* 130 */ "dbnm ::=",
+ /* 131 */ "dbnm ::= DOT nm",
+ /* 132 */ "fullname ::= nm dbnm",
+ /* 133 */ "joinop ::= COMMA|JOIN",
+ /* 134 */ "joinop ::= JOIN_KW JOIN",
+ /* 135 */ "joinop ::= JOIN_KW nm JOIN",
+ /* 136 */ "joinop ::= JOIN_KW nm nm JOIN",
+ /* 137 */ "on_opt ::= ON expr",
+ /* 138 */ "on_opt ::=",
+ /* 139 */ "using_opt ::= USING LP inscollist RP",
+ /* 140 */ "using_opt ::=",
+ /* 141 */ "orderby_opt ::=",
+ /* 142 */ "orderby_opt ::= ORDER BY sortlist",
+ /* 143 */ "sortlist ::= sortlist COMMA sortitem sortorder",
+ /* 144 */ "sortlist ::= sortitem sortorder",
+ /* 145 */ "sortitem ::= expr",
+ /* 146 */ "sortorder ::= ASC",
+ /* 147 */ "sortorder ::= DESC",
+ /* 148 */ "sortorder ::=",
+ /* 149 */ "groupby_opt ::=",
+ /* 150 */ "groupby_opt ::= GROUP BY nexprlist",
+ /* 151 */ "having_opt ::=",
+ /* 152 */ "having_opt ::= HAVING expr",
+ /* 153 */ "limit_opt ::=",
+ /* 154 */ "limit_opt ::= LIMIT expr",
+ /* 155 */ "limit_opt ::= LIMIT expr OFFSET expr",
+ /* 156 */ "limit_opt ::= LIMIT expr COMMA expr",
+ /* 157 */ "cmd ::= DELETE FROM fullname where_opt",
+ /* 158 */ "where_opt ::=",
+ /* 159 */ "where_opt ::= WHERE expr",
+ /* 160 */ "cmd ::= UPDATE orconf fullname SET setlist where_opt",
+ /* 161 */ "setlist ::= setlist COMMA nm EQ expr",
+ /* 162 */ "setlist ::= nm EQ expr",
+ /* 163 */ "cmd ::= insert_cmd INTO fullname inscollist_opt VALUES LP itemlist RP",
+ /* 164 */ "cmd ::= insert_cmd INTO fullname inscollist_opt select",
+ /* 165 */ "cmd ::= insert_cmd INTO fullname inscollist_opt DEFAULT VALUES",
+ /* 166 */ "insert_cmd ::= INSERT orconf",
+ /* 167 */ "insert_cmd ::= REPLACE",
+ /* 168 */ "itemlist ::= itemlist COMMA expr",
+ /* 169 */ "itemlist ::= expr",
+ /* 170 */ "inscollist_opt ::=",
+ /* 171 */ "inscollist_opt ::= LP inscollist RP",
+ /* 172 */ "inscollist ::= inscollist COMMA nm",
+ /* 173 */ "inscollist ::= nm",
+ /* 174 */ "expr ::= term",
+ /* 175 */ "expr ::= LP expr RP",
+ /* 176 */ "term ::= NULL",
+ /* 177 */ "expr ::= ID",
+ /* 178 */ "expr ::= JOIN_KW",
+ /* 179 */ "expr ::= nm DOT nm",
+ /* 180 */ "expr ::= nm DOT nm DOT nm",
+ /* 181 */ "term ::= INTEGER|FLOAT|BLOB",
+ /* 182 */ "term ::= STRING",
+ /* 183 */ "expr ::= REGISTER",
+ /* 184 */ "expr ::= VARIABLE",
+ /* 185 */ "expr ::= expr COLLATE ids",
+ /* 186 */ "expr ::= CAST LP expr AS typetoken RP",
+ /* 187 */ "expr ::= ID LP distinct exprlist RP",
+ /* 188 */ "expr ::= ID LP STAR RP",
+ /* 189 */ "term ::= CTIME_KW",
+ /* 190 */ "expr ::= expr AND expr",
+ /* 191 */ "expr ::= expr OR expr",
+ /* 192 */ "expr ::= expr LT|GT|GE|LE expr",
+ /* 193 */ "expr ::= expr EQ|NE expr",
+ /* 194 */ "expr ::= expr BITAND|BITOR|LSHIFT|RSHIFT expr",
+ /* 195 */ "expr ::= expr PLUS|MINUS expr",
+ /* 196 */ "expr ::= expr STAR|SLASH|REM expr",
+ /* 197 */ "expr ::= expr CONCAT expr",
+ /* 198 */ "likeop ::= LIKE_KW",
+ /* 199 */ "likeop ::= NOT LIKE_KW",
+ /* 200 */ "likeop ::= MATCH",
+ /* 201 */ "likeop ::= NOT MATCH",
+ /* 202 */ "escape ::= ESCAPE expr",
+ /* 203 */ "escape ::=",
+ /* 204 */ "expr ::= expr likeop expr escape",
+ /* 205 */ "expr ::= expr ISNULL|NOTNULL",
+ /* 206 */ "expr ::= expr IS NULL",
+ /* 207 */ "expr ::= expr NOT NULL",
+ /* 208 */ "expr ::= expr IS NOT NULL",
+ /* 209 */ "expr ::= NOT expr",
+ /* 210 */ "expr ::= BITNOT expr",
+ /* 211 */ "expr ::= MINUS expr",
+ /* 212 */ "expr ::= PLUS expr",
+ /* 213 */ "between_op ::= BETWEEN",
+ /* 214 */ "between_op ::= NOT BETWEEN",
+ /* 215 */ "expr ::= expr between_op expr AND expr",
+ /* 216 */ "in_op ::= IN",
+ /* 217 */ "in_op ::= NOT IN",
+ /* 218 */ "expr ::= expr in_op LP exprlist RP",
+ /* 219 */ "expr ::= LP select RP",
+ /* 220 */ "expr ::= expr in_op LP select RP",
+ /* 221 */ "expr ::= expr in_op nm dbnm",
+ /* 222 */ "expr ::= EXISTS LP select RP",
+ /* 223 */ "expr ::= CASE case_operand case_exprlist case_else END",
+ /* 224 */ "case_exprlist ::= case_exprlist WHEN expr THEN expr",
+ /* 225 */ "case_exprlist ::= WHEN expr THEN expr",
+ /* 226 */ "case_else ::= ELSE expr",
+ /* 227 */ "case_else ::=",
+ /* 228 */ "case_operand ::= expr",
+ /* 229 */ "case_operand ::=",
+ /* 230 */ "exprlist ::= nexprlist",
+ /* 231 */ "exprlist ::=",
+ /* 232 */ "nexprlist ::= nexprlist COMMA expr",
+ /* 233 */ "nexprlist ::= expr",
+ /* 234 */ "cmd ::= CREATE uniqueflag INDEX ifnotexists nm dbnm ON nm LP idxlist RP",
+ /* 235 */ "uniqueflag ::= UNIQUE",
+ /* 236 */ "uniqueflag ::=",
+ /* 237 */ "idxlist_opt ::=",
+ /* 238 */ "idxlist_opt ::= LP idxlist RP",
+ /* 239 */ "idxlist ::= idxlist COMMA idxitem collate sortorder",
+ /* 240 */ "idxlist ::= idxitem collate sortorder",
+ /* 241 */ "idxitem ::= nm",
+ /* 242 */ "collate ::=",
+ /* 243 */ "collate ::= COLLATE ids",
+ /* 244 */ "cmd ::= DROP INDEX ifexists fullname",
+ /* 245 */ "cmd ::= VACUUM",
+ /* 246 */ "cmd ::= VACUUM nm",
+ /* 247 */ "cmd ::= PRAGMA nm dbnm EQ nmnum",
+ /* 248 */ "cmd ::= PRAGMA nm dbnm EQ ON",
+ /* 249 */ "cmd ::= PRAGMA nm dbnm EQ DELETE",
+ /* 250 */ "cmd ::= PRAGMA nm dbnm EQ minus_num",
+ /* 251 */ "cmd ::= PRAGMA nm dbnm LP nmnum RP",
+ /* 252 */ "cmd ::= PRAGMA nm dbnm",
+ /* 253 */ "nmnum ::= plus_num",
+ /* 254 */ "nmnum ::= nm",
+ /* 255 */ "plus_num ::= plus_opt number",
+ /* 256 */ "minus_num ::= MINUS number",
+ /* 257 */ "number ::= INTEGER|FLOAT",
+ /* 258 */ "plus_opt ::= PLUS",
+ /* 259 */ "plus_opt ::=",
+ /* 260 */ "cmd ::= CREATE trigger_decl BEGIN trigger_cmd_list END",
+ /* 261 */ "trigger_decl ::= temp TRIGGER ifnotexists nm dbnm trigger_time trigger_event ON fullname foreach_clause when_clause",
+ /* 262 */ "trigger_time ::= BEFORE",
+ /* 263 */ "trigger_time ::= AFTER",
+ /* 264 */ "trigger_time ::= INSTEAD OF",
+ /* 265 */ "trigger_time ::=",
+ /* 266 */ "trigger_event ::= DELETE|INSERT",
+ /* 267 */ "trigger_event ::= UPDATE",
+ /* 268 */ "trigger_event ::= UPDATE OF inscollist",
+ /* 269 */ "foreach_clause ::=",
+ /* 270 */ "foreach_clause ::= FOR EACH ROW",
+ /* 271 */ "when_clause ::=",
+ /* 272 */ "when_clause ::= WHEN expr",
+ /* 273 */ "trigger_cmd_list ::= trigger_cmd_list trigger_cmd SEMI",
+ /* 274 */ "trigger_cmd_list ::=",
+ /* 275 */ "trigger_cmd ::= UPDATE orconf nm SET setlist where_opt",
+ /* 276 */ "trigger_cmd ::= insert_cmd INTO nm inscollist_opt VALUES LP itemlist RP",
+ /* 277 */ "trigger_cmd ::= insert_cmd INTO nm inscollist_opt select",
+ /* 278 */ "trigger_cmd ::= DELETE FROM nm where_opt",
+ /* 279 */ "trigger_cmd ::= select",
+ /* 280 */ "expr ::= RAISE LP IGNORE RP",
+ /* 281 */ "expr ::= RAISE LP raisetype COMMA nm RP",
+ /* 282 */ "raisetype ::= ROLLBACK",
+ /* 283 */ "raisetype ::= ABORT",
+ /* 284 */ "raisetype ::= FAIL",
+ /* 285 */ "cmd ::= DROP TRIGGER ifexists fullname",
+ /* 286 */ "cmd ::= ATTACH database_kw_opt expr AS expr key_opt",
+ /* 287 */ "cmd ::= DETACH database_kw_opt expr",
+ /* 288 */ "key_opt ::=",
+ /* 289 */ "key_opt ::= KEY expr",
+ /* 290 */ "database_kw_opt ::= DATABASE",
+ /* 291 */ "database_kw_opt ::=",
+ /* 292 */ "cmd ::= REINDEX",
+ /* 293 */ "cmd ::= REINDEX nm dbnm",
+ /* 294 */ "cmd ::= ANALYZE",
+ /* 295 */ "cmd ::= ANALYZE nm dbnm",
+ /* 296 */ "cmd ::= ALTER TABLE fullname RENAME TO nm",
+ /* 297 */ "cmd ::= ALTER TABLE add_column_fullname ADD kwcolumn_opt column",
+ /* 298 */ "add_column_fullname ::= fullname",
+ /* 299 */ "kwcolumn_opt ::=",
+ /* 300 */ "kwcolumn_opt ::= COLUMNKW",
+ /* 301 */ "cmd ::= create_vtab",
+ /* 302 */ "cmd ::= create_vtab LP vtabarglist RP",
+ /* 303 */ "create_vtab ::= CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE nm dbnm USING nm",
+ /* 304 */ "vtabarglist ::= vtabarg",
+ /* 305 */ "vtabarglist ::= vtabarglist COMMA vtabarg",
+ /* 306 */ "vtabarg ::=",
+ /* 307 */ "vtabarg ::= vtabarg vtabargtoken",
+ /* 308 */ "vtabargtoken ::= ANY",
+ /* 309 */ "vtabargtoken ::= lp anylist RP",
+ /* 310 */ "lp ::= LP",
+ /* 311 */ "anylist ::=",
+ /* 312 */ "anylist ::= anylist ANY",
+};
+#endif /* NDEBUG */
+
+
+#if YYSTACKDEPTH<=0
+/*
+** Try to increase the size of the parser stack.
+*/
+static void yyGrowStack(yyParser *p){
+  int newSize;
+  yyStackEntry *pNew;
+
+  newSize = p->yystksz*2 + 100;
+  pNew = realloc(p->yystack, newSize*sizeof(pNew[0]));
+  if( pNew ){
+    p->yystack = pNew;
+    p->yystksz = newSize;
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+    if( yyTraceFILE ){
+      fprintf(yyTraceFILE,"%sStack grows to %d entries!\n",
+              yyTracePrompt, p->yystksz);
+    }
+#endif
+  }
+}
+#endif
+
+/* 
+** This function allocates a new parser.
+** The only argument is a pointer to a function which works like
+** malloc.
+**
+** Inputs:
+** A pointer to the function used to allocate memory.
+**
+** Outputs:
+** A pointer to a parser.  This pointer is used in subsequent calls
+** to sqlite3Parser and sqlite3ParserFree.
+*/
+void *sqlite3ParserAlloc(void *(*mallocProc)(size_t)){
+  yyParser *pParser;
+  pParser = (yyParser*)(*mallocProc)( (size_t)sizeof(yyParser) );
+  if( pParser ){
+    pParser->yyidx = -1;
+#if YYSTACKDEPTH<=0
+    yyGrowStack(pParser);
+#endif
+  }
+  return pParser;
+}
+
+/* The following function deletes the value associated with a
+** symbol.  The symbol can be either a terminal or nonterminal.
+** "yymajor" is the symbol code, and "yypminor" is a pointer to
+** the value.
+*/
+static void yy_destructor(YYCODETYPE yymajor, YYMINORTYPE *yypminor){
+  switch( yymajor ){
+    /* Here is inserted the actions which take place when a
+    ** terminal or non-terminal is destroyed.  This can happen
+    ** when the symbol is popped from the stack during a
+    ** reduce or during error processing or when a parser is 
+    ** being destroyed before it is finished parsing.
+    **
+    ** Note: during a reduce, the only symbols destroyed are those
+    ** which appear on the RHS of the rule, but which are not used
+    ** inside the C code.
+    */
+    case 155: /* select */
+{
+sqlite3SelectDelete((yypminor->yy219));
+}
+      break;
+    case 169: /* term */
+{
+sqlite3ExprDelete((yypminor->yy172));
+}
+      break;
+    case 170: /* expr */
+{
+sqlite3ExprDelete((yypminor->yy172));
+}
+      break;
+    case 174: /* idxlist_opt */
+{
+sqlite3ExprListDelete((yypminor->yy174));
+}
+      break;
+    case 182: /* idxlist */
+{
+sqlite3ExprListDelete((yypminor->yy174));
+}
+      break;
+    case 188: /* fullname */
+{
+sqlite3SrcListDelete((yypminor->yy373));
+}
+      break;
+    case 189: /* oneselect */
+{
+sqlite3SelectDelete((yypminor->yy219));
+}
+      break;
+    case 192: /* selcollist */
+{
+sqlite3ExprListDelete((yypminor->yy174));
+}
+      break;
+    case 193: /* from */
+{
+sqlite3SrcListDelete((yypminor->yy373));
+}
+      break;
+    case 194: /* where_opt */
+{
+sqlite3ExprDelete((yypminor->yy172));
+}
+      break;
+    case 195: /* groupby_opt */
+{
+sqlite3ExprListDelete((yypminor->yy174));
+}
+      break;
+    case 196: /* having_opt */
+{
+sqlite3ExprDelete((yypminor->yy172));
+}
+      break;
+    case 197: /* orderby_opt */
+{
+sqlite3ExprListDelete((yypminor->yy174));
+}
+      break;
+    case 199: /* sclp */
+{
+sqlite3ExprListDelete((yypminor->yy174));
+}
+      break;
+    case 201: /* seltablist */
+{
+sqlite3SrcListDelete((yypminor->yy373));
+}
+      break;
+    case 202: /* stl_prefix */
+{
+sqlite3SrcListDelete((yypminor->yy373));
+}
+      break;
+    case 204: /* on_opt */
+{
+sqlite3ExprDelete((yypminor->yy172));
+}
+      break;
+    case 205: /* using_opt */
+{
+sqlite3IdListDelete((yypminor->yy432));
+}
+      break;
+    case 206: /* seltablist_paren */
+{
+sqlite3SelectDelete((yypminor->yy219));
+}
+      break;
+    case 208: /* inscollist */
+{
+sqlite3IdListDelete((yypminor->yy432));
+}
+      break;
+    case 209: /* sortlist */
+{
+sqlite3ExprListDelete((yypminor->yy174));
+}
+      break;
+    case 210: /* sortitem */
+{
+sqlite3ExprDelete((yypminor->yy172));
+}
+      break;
+    case 211: /* nexprlist */
+{
+sqlite3ExprListDelete((yypminor->yy174));
+}
+      break;
+    case 212: /* setlist */
+{
+sqlite3ExprListDelete((yypminor->yy174));
+}
+      break;
+    case 214: /* inscollist_opt */
+{
+sqlite3IdListDelete((yypminor->yy432));
+}
+      break;
+    case 215: /* itemlist */
+{
+sqlite3ExprListDelete((yypminor->yy174));
+}
+      break;
+    case 216: /* exprlist */
+{
+sqlite3ExprListDelete((yypminor->yy174));
+}
+      break;
+    case 218: /* escape */
+{
+sqlite3ExprDelete((yypminor->yy172));
+}
+      break;
+    case 221: /* case_operand */
+{
+sqlite3ExprDelete((yypminor->yy172));
+}
+      break;
+    case 222: /* case_exprlist */
+{
+sqlite3ExprListDelete((yypminor->yy174));
+}
+      break;
+    case 223: /* case_else */
+{
+sqlite3ExprDelete((yypminor->yy172));
+}
+      break;
+    case 231: /* trigger_cmd_list */
+{
+sqlite3DeleteTriggerStep((yypminor->yy243));
+}
+      break;
+    case 233: /* trigger_event */
+{
+sqlite3IdListDelete((yypminor->yy370).b);
+}
+      break;
+    case 235: /* when_clause */
+{
+sqlite3ExprDelete((yypminor->yy172));
+}
+      break;
+    case 236: /* trigger_cmd */
+{
+sqlite3DeleteTriggerStep((yypminor->yy243));
+}
+      break;
+    case 238: /* key_opt */
+{
+sqlite3ExprDelete((yypminor->yy172));
+}
+      break;
+    default:  break;   /* If no destructor action specified: do nothing */
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Pop the parser's stack once.
+**
+** If there is a destructor routine associated with the token which
+** is popped from the stack, then call it.
+**
+** Return the major token number for the symbol popped.
+*/
+static int yy_pop_parser_stack(yyParser *pParser){
+  YYCODETYPE yymajor;
+  yyStackEntry *yytos = &pParser->yystack[pParser->yyidx];
+
+  if( pParser->yyidx<0 ) return 0;
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  if( yyTraceFILE && pParser->yyidx>=0 ){
+    fprintf(yyTraceFILE,"%sPopping %s\n",
+      yyTracePrompt,
+      yyTokenName[yytos->major]);
+  }
+#endif
+  yymajor = yytos->major;
+  yy_destructor( yymajor, &yytos->minor);
+  pParser->yyidx--;
+  return yymajor;
+}
+
+/* 
+** Deallocate and destroy a parser.  Destructors are all called for
+** all stack elements before shutting the parser down.
+**
+** Inputs:
+** <ul>
+** <li>  A pointer to the parser.  This should be a pointer
+**       obtained from sqlite3ParserAlloc.
+** <li>  A pointer to a function used to reclaim memory obtained
+**       from malloc.
+** </ul>
+*/
+void sqlite3ParserFree(
+  void *p,                    /* The parser to be deleted */
+  void (*freeProc)(void*)     /* Function used to reclaim memory */
+){
+  yyParser *pParser = (yyParser*)p;
+  if( pParser==0 ) return;
+  while( pParser->yyidx>=0 ) yy_pop_parser_stack(pParser);
+#if YYSTACKDEPTH<=0
+  free(pParser->yystack);
+#endif
+  (*freeProc)((void*)pParser);
+}
+
+/*
+** Find the appropriate action for a parser given the terminal
+** look-ahead token iLookAhead.
+**
+** If the look-ahead token is YYNOCODE, then check to see if the action is
+** independent of the look-ahead.  If it is, return the action, otherwise
+** return YY_NO_ACTION.
+*/
+static int yy_find_shift_action(
+  yyParser *pParser,        /* The parser */
+  YYCODETYPE iLookAhead     /* The look-ahead token */
+){
+  int i;
+  int stateno = pParser->yystack[pParser->yyidx].stateno;
+ 
+  if( stateno>YY_SHIFT_MAX || (i = yy_shift_ofst[stateno])==YY_SHIFT_USE_DFLT ){
+    return yy_default[stateno];
+  }
+  assert( iLookAhead!=YYNOCODE );
+  i += iLookAhead;
+  if( i<0 || i>=YY_SZ_ACTTAB || yy_lookahead[i]!=iLookAhead ){
+    if( iLookAhead>0 ){
+#ifdef YYFALLBACK
+      int iFallback;            /* Fallback token */
+      if( iLookAhead<sizeof(yyFallback)/sizeof(yyFallback[0])
+             && (iFallback = yyFallback[iLookAhead])!=0 ){
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+        if( yyTraceFILE ){
+          fprintf(yyTraceFILE, "%sFALLBACK %s => %s\n",
+             yyTracePrompt, yyTokenName[iLookAhead], yyTokenName[iFallback]);
+        }
+#endif
+        return yy_find_shift_action(pParser, iFallback);
+      }
+#endif
+#ifdef YYWILDCARD
+      {
+        int j = i - iLookAhead + YYWILDCARD;
+        if( j>=0 && j<YY_SZ_ACTTAB && yy_lookahead[j]==YYWILDCARD ){
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+          if( yyTraceFILE ){
+            fprintf(yyTraceFILE, "%sWILDCARD %s => %s\n",
+               yyTracePrompt, yyTokenName[iLookAhead], yyTokenName[YYWILDCARD]);
+          }
+#endif /* NDEBUG */
+          return yy_action[j];
+        }
+      }
+#endif /* YYWILDCARD */
+    }
+    return yy_default[stateno];
+  }else{
+    return yy_action[i];
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Find the appropriate action for a parser given the non-terminal
+** look-ahead token iLookAhead.
+**
+** If the look-ahead token is YYNOCODE, then check to see if the action is
+** independent of the look-ahead.  If it is, return the action, otherwise
+** return YY_NO_ACTION.
+*/
+static int yy_find_reduce_action(
+  int stateno,              /* Current state number */
+  YYCODETYPE iLookAhead     /* The look-ahead token */
+){
+  int i;
+#ifdef YYERRORSYMBOL
+  if( stateno>YY_REDUCE_MAX ){
+    return yy_default[stateno];
+  }
+#else
+  assert( stateno<=YY_REDUCE_MAX );
+#endif
+  i = yy_reduce_ofst[stateno];
+  assert( i!=YY_REDUCE_USE_DFLT );
+  assert( iLookAhead!=YYNOCODE );
+  i += iLookAhead;
+#ifdef YYERRORSYMBOL
+  if( i<0 || i>=YY_SZ_ACTTAB || yy_lookahead[i]!=iLookAhead ){
+    return yy_default[stateno];
+  }
+#else
+  assert( i>=0 && i<YY_SZ_ACTTAB );
+  assert( yy_lookahead[i]==iLookAhead );
+#endif
+  return yy_action[i];
+}
+
+/*
+** The following routine is called if the stack overflows.
+*/
+static void yyStackOverflow(yyParser *yypParser, YYMINORTYPE *yypMinor){
+   sqlite3ParserARG_FETCH;
+   yypParser->yyidx--;
+   yypMinor = yypMinor; /* quiet the compiler */
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+   if( yyTraceFILE ){
+     fprintf(yyTraceFILE,"%sStack Overflow!\n",yyTracePrompt);
+   }
+#endif
+   while( yypParser->yyidx>=0 ) yy_pop_parser_stack(yypParser);
+   /* Here code is inserted which will execute if the parser
+   ** stack every overflows */
+
+  sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "parser stack overflow");
+  pParse->parseError = 1;
+   sqlite3ParserARG_STORE; /* Suppress warning about unused %extra_argument var */
+}
+
+/*
+** Perform a shift action.
+*/
+static void yy_shift(
+  yyParser *yypParser,          /* The parser to be shifted */
+  int yyNewState,               /* The new state to shift in */
+  int yyMajor,                  /* The major token to shift in */
+  YYMINORTYPE *yypMinor         /* Pointer ot the minor token to shift in */
+){
+  yyStackEntry *yytos;
+  yypParser->yyidx++;
+#if YYSTACKDEPTH>0 
+  if( yypParser->yyidx>=YYSTACKDEPTH ){
+    yyStackOverflow(yypParser, yypMinor);
+    return;
+  }
+#else
+  if( yypParser->yyidx>=yypParser->yystksz ){
+    yyGrowStack(yypParser);
+    if( yypParser->yyidx>=yypParser->yystksz ){
+      yyStackOverflow(yypParser, yypMinor);
+      return;
+    }
+  }
+#endif
+  yytos = &yypParser->yystack[yypParser->yyidx];
+  yytos->stateno = yyNewState;
+  yytos->major = yyMajor;
+  yytos->minor = *yypMinor;
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  if( yyTraceFILE && yypParser->yyidx>0 ){
+    int i;
+    fprintf(yyTraceFILE,"%sShift %d\n",yyTracePrompt,yyNewState);
+    fprintf(yyTraceFILE,"%sStack:",yyTracePrompt);
+    for(i=1; i<=yypParser->yyidx; i++)
+      fprintf(yyTraceFILE," %s",yyTokenName[yypParser->yystack[i].major]);
+    fprintf(yyTraceFILE,"\n");
+  }
+#endif
+}
+
+/* The following table contains information about every rule that
+** is used during the reduce.
+*/
+static const struct {
+  YYCODETYPE lhs;         /* Symbol on the left-hand side of the rule */
+  unsigned char nrhs;     /* Number of right-hand side symbols in the rule */
+} yyRuleInfo[] = {
+  { 139, 1 },
+  { 140, 2 },
+  { 140, 1 },
+  { 142, 1 },
+  { 141, 1 },
+  { 141, 3 },
+  { 144, 0 },
+  { 144, 1 },
+  { 144, 3 },
+  { 143, 3 },
+  { 146, 0 },
+  { 146, 1 },
+  { 146, 2 },
+  { 145, 0 },
+  { 145, 1 },
+  { 145, 1 },
+  { 145, 1 },
+  { 143, 2 },
+  { 143, 2 },
+  { 143, 2 },
+  { 143, 2 },
+  { 148, 6 },
+  { 151, 0 },
+  { 151, 3 },
+  { 150, 1 },
+  { 150, 0 },
+  { 149, 4 },
+  { 149, 2 },
+  { 153, 3 },
+  { 153, 1 },
+  { 156, 3 },
+  { 157, 1 },
+  { 160, 1 },
+  { 161, 1 },
+  { 147, 1 },
+  { 147, 1 },
+  { 147, 1 },
+  { 158, 0 },
+  { 158, 1 },
+  { 162, 1 },
+  { 162, 4 },
+  { 162, 6 },
+  { 163, 1 },
+  { 163, 2 },
+  { 164, 1 },
+  { 164, 1 },
+  { 159, 2 },
+  { 159, 0 },
+  { 167, 3 },
+  { 167, 1 },
+  { 168, 2 },
+  { 168, 4 },
+  { 168, 3 },
+  { 168, 3 },
+  { 168, 2 },
+  { 168, 2 },
+  { 168, 3 },
+  { 168, 5 },
+  { 168, 2 },
+  { 168, 4 },
+  { 168, 4 },
+  { 168, 1 },
+  { 168, 2 },
+  { 173, 0 },
+  { 173, 1 },
+  { 175, 0 },
+  { 175, 2 },
+  { 177, 2 },
+  { 177, 3 },
+  { 177, 3 },
+  { 177, 3 },
+  { 178, 2 },
+  { 178, 2 },
+  { 178, 1 },
+  { 178, 1 },
+  { 176, 3 },
+  { 176, 2 },
+  { 179, 0 },
+  { 179, 2 },
+  { 179, 2 },
+  { 154, 0 },
+  { 154, 2 },
+  { 180, 3 },
+  { 180, 2 },
+  { 180, 1 },
+  { 181, 2 },
+  { 181, 7 },
+  { 181, 5 },
+  { 181, 5 },
+  { 181, 10 },
+  { 183, 0 },
+  { 183, 1 },
+  { 171, 0 },
+  { 171, 3 },
+  { 184, 0 },
+  { 184, 2 },
+  { 185, 1 },
+  { 185, 1 },
+  { 185, 1 },
+  { 143, 4 },
+  { 187, 2 },
+  { 187, 0 },
+  { 143, 8 },
+  { 143, 4 },
+  { 143, 1 },
+  { 155, 1 },
+  { 155, 3 },
+  { 190, 1 },
+  { 190, 2 },
+  { 190, 1 },
+  { 189, 9 },
+  { 191, 1 },
+  { 191, 1 },
+  { 191, 0 },
+  { 199, 2 },
+  { 199, 0 },
+  { 192, 3 },
+  { 192, 2 },
+  { 192, 4 },
+  { 200, 2 },
+  { 200, 1 },
+  { 200, 0 },
+  { 193, 0 },
+  { 193, 2 },
+  { 202, 2 },
+  { 202, 0 },
+  { 201, 6 },
+  { 201, 7 },
+  { 206, 1 },
+  { 206, 1 },
+  { 152, 0 },
+  { 152, 2 },
+  { 188, 2 },
+  { 203, 1 },
+  { 203, 2 },
+  { 203, 3 },
+  { 203, 4 },
+  { 204, 2 },
+  { 204, 0 },
+  { 205, 4 },
+  { 205, 0 },
+  { 197, 0 },
+  { 197, 3 },
+  { 209, 4 },
+  { 209, 2 },
+  { 210, 1 },
+  { 172, 1 },
+  { 172, 1 },
+  { 172, 0 },
+  { 195, 0 },
+  { 195, 3 },
+  { 196, 0 },
+  { 196, 2 },
+  { 198, 0 },
+  { 198, 2 },
+  { 198, 4 },
+  { 198, 4 },
+  { 143, 4 },
+  { 194, 0 },
+  { 194, 2 },
+  { 143, 6 },
+  { 212, 5 },
+  { 212, 3 },
+  { 143, 8 },
+  { 143, 5 },
+  { 143, 6 },
+  { 213, 2 },
+  { 213, 1 },
+  { 215, 3 },
+  { 215, 1 },
+  { 214, 0 },
+  { 214, 3 },
+  { 208, 3 },
+  { 208, 1 },
+  { 170, 1 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 169, 1 },
+  { 170, 1 },
+  { 170, 1 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 170, 5 },
+  { 169, 1 },
+  { 169, 1 },
+  { 170, 1 },
+  { 170, 1 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 170, 6 },
+  { 170, 5 },
+  { 170, 4 },
+  { 169, 1 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 217, 1 },
+  { 217, 2 },
+  { 217, 1 },
+  { 217, 2 },
+  { 218, 2 },
+  { 218, 0 },
+  { 170, 4 },
+  { 170, 2 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 170, 4 },
+  { 170, 2 },
+  { 170, 2 },
+  { 170, 2 },
+  { 170, 2 },
+  { 219, 1 },
+  { 219, 2 },
+  { 170, 5 },
+  { 220, 1 },
+  { 220, 2 },
+  { 170, 5 },
+  { 170, 3 },
+  { 170, 5 },
+  { 170, 4 },
+  { 170, 4 },
+  { 170, 5 },
+  { 222, 5 },
+  { 222, 4 },
+  { 223, 2 },
+  { 223, 0 },
+  { 221, 1 },
+  { 221, 0 },
+  { 216, 1 },
+  { 216, 0 },
+  { 211, 3 },
+  { 211, 1 },
+  { 143, 11 },
+  { 224, 1 },
+  { 224, 0 },
+  { 174, 0 },
+  { 174, 3 },
+  { 182, 5 },
+  { 182, 3 },
+  { 225, 1 },
+  { 226, 0 },
+  { 226, 2 },
+  { 143, 4 },
+  { 143, 1 },
+  { 143, 2 },
+  { 143, 5 },
+  { 143, 5 },
+  { 143, 5 },
+  { 143, 5 },
+  { 143, 6 },
+  { 143, 3 },
+  { 227, 1 },
+  { 227, 1 },
+  { 165, 2 },
+  { 166, 2 },
+  { 229, 1 },
+  { 228, 1 },
+  { 228, 0 },
+  { 143, 5 },
+  { 230, 11 },
+  { 232, 1 },
+  { 232, 1 },
+  { 232, 2 },
+  { 232, 0 },
+  { 233, 1 },
+  { 233, 1 },
+  { 233, 3 },
+  { 234, 0 },
+  { 234, 3 },
+  { 235, 0 },
+  { 235, 2 },
+  { 231, 3 },
+  { 231, 0 },
+  { 236, 6 },
+  { 236, 8 },
+  { 236, 5 },
+  { 236, 4 },
+  { 236, 1 },
+  { 170, 4 },
+  { 170, 6 },
+  { 186, 1 },
+  { 186, 1 },
+  { 186, 1 },
+  { 143, 4 },
+  { 143, 6 },
+  { 143, 3 },
+  { 238, 0 },
+  { 238, 2 },
+  { 237, 1 },
+  { 237, 0 },
+  { 143, 1 },
+  { 143, 3 },
+  { 143, 1 },
+  { 143, 3 },
+  { 143, 6 },
+  { 143, 6 },
+  { 239, 1 },
+  { 240, 0 },
+  { 240, 1 },
+  { 143, 1 },
+  { 143, 4 },
+  { 241, 7 },
+  { 242, 1 },
+  { 242, 3 },
+  { 243, 0 },
+  { 243, 2 },
+  { 244, 1 },
+  { 244, 3 },
+  { 245, 1 },
+  { 246, 0 },
+  { 246, 2 },
+};
+
+static void yy_accept(yyParser*);  /* Forward Declaration */
+
+/*
+** Perform a reduce action and the shift that must immediately
+** follow the reduce.
+*/
+static void yy_reduce(
+  yyParser *yypParser,         /* The parser */
+  int yyruleno                 /* Number of the rule by which to reduce */
+){
+  int yygoto;                     /* The next state */
+  int yyact;                      /* The next action */
+  YYMINORTYPE yygotominor;        /* The LHS of the rule reduced */
+  yyStackEntry *yymsp;            /* The top of the parser's stack */
+  int yysize;                     /* Amount to pop the stack */
+  sqlite3ParserARG_FETCH;
+  yymsp = &yypParser->yystack[yypParser->yyidx];
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  if( yyTraceFILE && yyruleno>=0 
+        && yyruleno<(int)(sizeof(yyRuleName)/sizeof(yyRuleName[0])) ){
+    fprintf(yyTraceFILE, "%sReduce [%s].\n", yyTracePrompt,
+      yyRuleName[yyruleno]);
+  }
+#endif /* NDEBUG */
+
+  /* Silence complaints from purify about yygotominor being uninitialized
+  ** in some cases when it is copied into the stack after the following
+  ** switch.  yygotominor is uninitialized when a rule reduces that does
+  ** not set the value of its left-hand side nonterminal.  Leaving the
+  ** value of the nonterminal uninitialized is utterly harmless as long
+  ** as the value is never used.  So really the only thing this code
+  ** accomplishes is to quieten purify.  
+  **
+  ** 2007-01-16:  The wireshark project (www.wireshark.org) reports that
+  ** without this code, their parser segfaults.  I'm not sure what there
+  ** parser is doing to make this happen.  This is the second bug report
+  ** from wireshark this week.  Clearly they are stressing Lemon in ways
+  ** that it has not been previously stressed...  (SQLite ticket #2172)
+  */
+  /*memset(&yygotominor, 0, sizeof(yygotominor));*/
+  yygotominor = yyzerominor;
+
+
+  switch( yyruleno ){
+  /* Beginning here are the reduction cases.  A typical example
+  ** follows:
+  **   case 0:
+  **     { ... }           // User supplied code
+  **     break;
+  */
+      case 0: /* input ::= cmdlist */
+      case 1: /* cmdlist ::= cmdlist ecmd */
+      case 2: /* cmdlist ::= ecmd */
+      case 4: /* ecmd ::= SEMI */
+      case 5: /* ecmd ::= explain cmdx SEMI */
+      case 10: /* trans_opt ::= */
+      case 11: /* trans_opt ::= TRANSACTION */
+      case 12: /* trans_opt ::= TRANSACTION nm */
+      case 20: /* cmd ::= create_table create_table_args */
+      case 28: /* columnlist ::= columnlist COMMA column */
+      case 29: /* columnlist ::= column */
+      case 37: /* type ::= */
+      case 44: /* signed ::= plus_num */
+      case 45: /* signed ::= minus_num */
+      case 46: /* carglist ::= carglist carg */
+      case 47: /* carglist ::= */
+      case 48: /* carg ::= CONSTRAINT nm ccons */
+      case 49: /* carg ::= ccons */
+      case 55: /* ccons ::= NULL onconf */
+      case 82: /* conslist ::= conslist COMMA tcons */
+      case 83: /* conslist ::= conslist tcons */
+      case 84: /* conslist ::= tcons */
+      case 85: /* tcons ::= CONSTRAINT nm */
+      case 258: /* plus_opt ::= PLUS */
+      case 259: /* plus_opt ::= */
+      case 269: /* foreach_clause ::= */
+      case 270: /* foreach_clause ::= FOR EACH ROW */
+      case 290: /* database_kw_opt ::= DATABASE */
+      case 291: /* database_kw_opt ::= */
+      case 299: /* kwcolumn_opt ::= */
+      case 300: /* kwcolumn_opt ::= COLUMNKW */
+      case 304: /* vtabarglist ::= vtabarg */
+      case 305: /* vtabarglist ::= vtabarglist COMMA vtabarg */
+      case 307: /* vtabarg ::= vtabarg vtabargtoken */
+      case 311: /* anylist ::= */
+{
+}
+        break;
+      case 3: /* cmdx ::= cmd */
+{ sqlite3FinishCoding(pParse); }
+        break;
+      case 6: /* explain ::= */
+{ sqlite3BeginParse(pParse, 0); }
+        break;
+      case 7: /* explain ::= EXPLAIN */
+{ sqlite3BeginParse(pParse, 1); }
+        break;
+      case 8: /* explain ::= EXPLAIN QUERY PLAN */
+{ sqlite3BeginParse(pParse, 2); }
+        break;
+      case 9: /* cmd ::= BEGIN transtype trans_opt */
+{sqlite3BeginTransaction(pParse, yymsp[-1].minor.yy46);}
+        break;
+      case 13: /* transtype ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = TK_DEFERRED;}
+        break;
+      case 14: /* transtype ::= DEFERRED */
+      case 15: /* transtype ::= IMMEDIATE */
+      case 16: /* transtype ::= EXCLUSIVE */
+      case 107: /* multiselect_op ::= UNION */
+      case 109: /* multiselect_op ::= EXCEPT|INTERSECT */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = yymsp[0].major;}
+        break;
+      case 17: /* cmd ::= COMMIT trans_opt */
+      case 18: /* cmd ::= END trans_opt */
+{sqlite3CommitTransaction(pParse);}
+        break;
+      case 19: /* cmd ::= ROLLBACK trans_opt */
+{sqlite3RollbackTransaction(pParse);}
+        break;
+      case 21: /* create_table ::= CREATE temp TABLE ifnotexists nm dbnm */
+{
+   sqlite3StartTable(pParse,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy410,&yymsp[0].minor.yy410,yymsp[-4].minor.yy46,0,0,yymsp[-2].minor.yy46);
+}
+        break;
+      case 22: /* ifnotexists ::= */
+      case 25: /* temp ::= */
+      case 63: /* autoinc ::= */
+      case 77: /* init_deferred_pred_opt ::= */
+      case 79: /* init_deferred_pred_opt ::= INITIALLY IMMEDIATE */
+      case 90: /* defer_subclause_opt ::= */
+      case 101: /* ifexists ::= */
+      case 112: /* distinct ::= ALL */
+      case 113: /* distinct ::= */
+      case 213: /* between_op ::= BETWEEN */
+      case 216: /* in_op ::= IN */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = 0;}
+        break;
+      case 23: /* ifnotexists ::= IF NOT EXISTS */
+      case 24: /* temp ::= TEMP */
+      case 64: /* autoinc ::= AUTOINCR */
+      case 78: /* init_deferred_pred_opt ::= INITIALLY DEFERRED */
+      case 100: /* ifexists ::= IF EXISTS */
+      case 111: /* distinct ::= DISTINCT */
+      case 214: /* between_op ::= NOT BETWEEN */
+      case 217: /* in_op ::= NOT IN */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = 1;}
+        break;
+      case 26: /* create_table_args ::= LP columnlist conslist_opt RP */
+{
+  sqlite3EndTable(pParse,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy410,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0,0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 27: /* create_table_args ::= AS select */
+{
+  sqlite3EndTable(pParse,0,0,yymsp[0].minor.yy219);
+  sqlite3SelectDelete(yymsp[0].minor.yy219);
+}
+        break;
+      case 30: /* column ::= columnid type carglist */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy410.z = yymsp[-2].minor.yy410.z;
+  yygotominor.yy410.n = (pParse->sLastToken.z-yymsp[-2].minor.yy410.z) + pParse->sLastToken.n;
+}
+        break;
+      case 31: /* columnid ::= nm */
+{
+  sqlite3AddColumn(pParse,&yymsp[0].minor.yy410);
+  yygotominor.yy410 = yymsp[0].minor.yy410;
+}
+        break;
+      case 32: /* id ::= ID */
+      case 33: /* ids ::= ID|STRING */
+      case 34: /* nm ::= ID */
+      case 35: /* nm ::= STRING */
+      case 36: /* nm ::= JOIN_KW */
+      case 257: /* number ::= INTEGER|FLOAT */
+{yygotominor.yy410 = yymsp[0].minor.yy0;}
+        break;
+      case 38: /* type ::= typetoken */
+{sqlite3AddColumnType(pParse,&yymsp[0].minor.yy410);}
+        break;
+      case 39: /* typetoken ::= typename */
+      case 42: /* typename ::= ids */
+      case 119: /* as ::= AS nm */
+      case 120: /* as ::= ids */
+      case 131: /* dbnm ::= DOT nm */
+      case 241: /* idxitem ::= nm */
+      case 243: /* collate ::= COLLATE ids */
+      case 253: /* nmnum ::= plus_num */
+      case 254: /* nmnum ::= nm */
+      case 255: /* plus_num ::= plus_opt number */
+      case 256: /* minus_num ::= MINUS number */
+{yygotominor.yy410 = yymsp[0].minor.yy410;}
+        break;
+      case 40: /* typetoken ::= typename LP signed RP */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy410.z = yymsp[-3].minor.yy410.z;
+  yygotominor.yy410.n = &yymsp[0].minor.yy0.z[yymsp[0].minor.yy0.n] - yymsp[-3].minor.yy410.z;
+}
+        break;
+      case 41: /* typetoken ::= typename LP signed COMMA signed RP */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy410.z = yymsp[-5].minor.yy410.z;
+  yygotominor.yy410.n = &yymsp[0].minor.yy0.z[yymsp[0].minor.yy0.n] - yymsp[-5].minor.yy410.z;
+}
+        break;
+      case 43: /* typename ::= typename ids */
+{yygotominor.yy410.z=yymsp[-1].minor.yy410.z; yygotominor.yy410.n=yymsp[0].minor.yy410.n+(yymsp[0].minor.yy410.z-yymsp[-1].minor.yy410.z);}
+        break;
+      case 50: /* ccons ::= DEFAULT term */
+      case 52: /* ccons ::= DEFAULT PLUS term */
+{sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,yymsp[0].minor.yy172);}
+        break;
+      case 51: /* ccons ::= DEFAULT LP expr RP */
+{sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,yymsp[-1].minor.yy172);}
+        break;
+      case 53: /* ccons ::= DEFAULT MINUS term */
+{
+  Expr *p = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_UMINUS, yymsp[0].minor.yy172, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,p);
+}
+        break;
+      case 54: /* ccons ::= DEFAULT id */
+{
+  Expr *p = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_STRING, 0, 0, &yymsp[0].minor.yy410);
+  sqlite3AddDefaultValue(pParse,p);
+}
+        break;
+      case 56: /* ccons ::= NOT NULL onconf */
+{sqlite3AddNotNull(pParse, yymsp[0].minor.yy46);}
+        break;
+      case 57: /* ccons ::= PRIMARY KEY sortorder onconf autoinc */
+{sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,0,yymsp[-1].minor.yy46,yymsp[0].minor.yy46,yymsp[-2].minor.yy46);}
+        break;
+      case 58: /* ccons ::= UNIQUE onconf */
+{sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,0,yymsp[0].minor.yy46,0,0,0,0);}
+        break;
+      case 59: /* ccons ::= CHECK LP expr RP */
+{sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(pParse,yymsp[-1].minor.yy172);}
+        break;
+      case 60: /* ccons ::= REFERENCES nm idxlist_opt refargs */
+{sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse,0,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy410,yymsp[-1].minor.yy174,yymsp[0].minor.yy46);}
+        break;
+      case 61: /* ccons ::= defer_subclause */
+{sqlite3DeferForeignKey(pParse,yymsp[0].minor.yy46);}
+        break;
+      case 62: /* ccons ::= COLLATE ids */
+{sqlite3AddCollateType(pParse, &yymsp[0].minor.yy410);}
+        break;
+      case 65: /* refargs ::= */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = OE_Restrict * 0x010101; }
+        break;
+      case 66: /* refargs ::= refargs refarg */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = (yymsp[-1].minor.yy46 & yymsp[0].minor.yy405.mask) | yymsp[0].minor.yy405.value; }
+        break;
+      case 67: /* refarg ::= MATCH nm */
+{ yygotominor.yy405.value = 0;     yygotominor.yy405.mask = 0x000000; }
+        break;
+      case 68: /* refarg ::= ON DELETE refact */
+{ yygotominor.yy405.value = yymsp[0].minor.yy46;     yygotominor.yy405.mask = 0x0000ff; }
+        break;
+      case 69: /* refarg ::= ON UPDATE refact */
+{ yygotominor.yy405.value = yymsp[0].minor.yy46<<8;  yygotominor.yy405.mask = 0x00ff00; }
+        break;
+      case 70: /* refarg ::= ON INSERT refact */
+{ yygotominor.yy405.value = yymsp[0].minor.yy46<<16; yygotominor.yy405.mask = 0xff0000; }
+        break;
+      case 71: /* refact ::= SET NULL */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = OE_SetNull; }
+        break;
+      case 72: /* refact ::= SET DEFAULT */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = OE_SetDflt; }
+        break;
+      case 73: /* refact ::= CASCADE */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = OE_Cascade; }
+        break;
+      case 74: /* refact ::= RESTRICT */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = OE_Restrict; }
+        break;
+      case 75: /* defer_subclause ::= NOT DEFERRABLE init_deferred_pred_opt */
+      case 76: /* defer_subclause ::= DEFERRABLE init_deferred_pred_opt */
+      case 91: /* defer_subclause_opt ::= defer_subclause */
+      case 93: /* onconf ::= ON CONFLICT resolvetype */
+      case 95: /* orconf ::= OR resolvetype */
+      case 96: /* resolvetype ::= raisetype */
+      case 166: /* insert_cmd ::= INSERT orconf */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = yymsp[0].minor.yy46;}
+        break;
+      case 80: /* conslist_opt ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy410.n = 0; yygotominor.yy410.z = 0;}
+        break;
+      case 81: /* conslist_opt ::= COMMA conslist */
+{yygotominor.yy410 = yymsp[-1].minor.yy0;}
+        break;
+      case 86: /* tcons ::= PRIMARY KEY LP idxlist autoinc RP onconf */
+{sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(pParse,yymsp[-3].minor.yy174,yymsp[0].minor.yy46,yymsp[-2].minor.yy46,0);}
+        break;
+      case 87: /* tcons ::= UNIQUE LP idxlist RP onconf */
+{sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse,0,0,0,yymsp[-2].minor.yy174,yymsp[0].minor.yy46,0,0,0,0);}
+        break;
+      case 88: /* tcons ::= CHECK LP expr RP onconf */
+{sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(pParse,yymsp[-2].minor.yy172);}
+        break;
+      case 89: /* tcons ::= FOREIGN KEY LP idxlist RP REFERENCES nm idxlist_opt refargs defer_subclause_opt */
+{
+    sqlite3CreateForeignKey(pParse, yymsp[-6].minor.yy174, &yymsp[-3].minor.yy410, yymsp[-2].minor.yy174, yymsp[-1].minor.yy46);
+    sqlite3DeferForeignKey(pParse, yymsp[0].minor.yy46);
+}
+        break;
+      case 92: /* onconf ::= */
+      case 94: /* orconf ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = OE_Default;}
+        break;
+      case 97: /* resolvetype ::= IGNORE */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = OE_Ignore;}
+        break;
+      case 98: /* resolvetype ::= REPLACE */
+      case 167: /* insert_cmd ::= REPLACE */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = OE_Replace;}
+        break;
+      case 99: /* cmd ::= DROP TABLE ifexists fullname */
+{
+  sqlite3DropTable(pParse, yymsp[0].minor.yy373, 0, yymsp[-1].minor.yy46);
+}
+        break;
+      case 102: /* cmd ::= CREATE temp VIEW ifnotexists nm dbnm AS select */
+{
+  sqlite3CreateView(pParse, &yymsp[-7].minor.yy0, &yymsp[-3].minor.yy410, &yymsp[-2].minor.yy410, yymsp[0].minor.yy219, yymsp[-6].minor.yy46, yymsp[-4].minor.yy46);
+}
+        break;
+      case 103: /* cmd ::= DROP VIEW ifexists fullname */
+{
+  sqlite3DropTable(pParse, yymsp[0].minor.yy373, 1, yymsp[-1].minor.yy46);
+}
+        break;
+      case 104: /* cmd ::= select */
+{
+  SelectDest dest = {SRT_Callback, 0, 0, 0, 0};
+  sqlite3Select(pParse, yymsp[0].minor.yy219, &dest, 0, 0, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3SelectDelete(yymsp[0].minor.yy219);
+}
+        break;
+      case 105: /* select ::= oneselect */
+      case 128: /* seltablist_paren ::= select */
+{yygotominor.yy219 = yymsp[0].minor.yy219;}
+        break;
+      case 106: /* select ::= select multiselect_op oneselect */
+{
+  if( yymsp[0].minor.yy219 ){
+    yymsp[0].minor.yy219->op = yymsp[-1].minor.yy46;
+    yymsp[0].minor.yy219->pPrior = yymsp[-2].minor.yy219;
+  }else{
+    sqlite3SelectDelete(yymsp[-2].minor.yy219);
+  }
+  yygotominor.yy219 = yymsp[0].minor.yy219;
+}
+        break;
+      case 108: /* multiselect_op ::= UNION ALL */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = TK_ALL;}
+        break;
+      case 110: /* oneselect ::= SELECT distinct selcollist from where_opt groupby_opt having_opt orderby_opt limit_opt */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy219 = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse,yymsp[-6].minor.yy174,yymsp[-5].minor.yy373,yymsp[-4].minor.yy172,yymsp[-3].minor.yy174,yymsp[-2].minor.yy172,yymsp[-1].minor.yy174,yymsp[-7].minor.yy46,yymsp[0].minor.yy234.pLimit,yymsp[0].minor.yy234.pOffset);
+}
+        break;
+      case 114: /* sclp ::= selcollist COMMA */
+      case 238: /* idxlist_opt ::= LP idxlist RP */
+{yygotominor.yy174 = yymsp[-1].minor.yy174;}
+        break;
+      case 115: /* sclp ::= */
+      case 141: /* orderby_opt ::= */
+      case 149: /* groupby_opt ::= */
+      case 231: /* exprlist ::= */
+      case 237: /* idxlist_opt ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy174 = 0;}
+        break;
+      case 116: /* selcollist ::= sclp expr as */
+{
+   yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,yymsp[-2].minor.yy174,yymsp[-1].minor.yy172,yymsp[0].minor.yy410.n?&yymsp[0].minor.yy410:0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 117: /* selcollist ::= sclp STAR */
+{
+  Expr *p = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ALL, 0, 0, 0);
+  yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse, yymsp[-1].minor.yy174, p, 0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 118: /* selcollist ::= sclp nm DOT STAR */
+{
+  Expr *pRight = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ALL, 0, 0, 0);
+  Expr *pLeft = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &yymsp[-2].minor.yy410);
+  Expr *pDot = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, pLeft, pRight, 0);
+  yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,yymsp[-3].minor.yy174, pDot, 0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 121: /* as ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy410.n = 0;}
+        break;
+      case 122: /* from ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy373 = sqlite3DbMallocZero(pParse->db, sizeof(*yygotominor.yy373));}
+        break;
+      case 123: /* from ::= FROM seltablist */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy373 = yymsp[0].minor.yy373;
+  sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType(yygotominor.yy373);
+}
+        break;
+      case 124: /* stl_prefix ::= seltablist joinop */
+{
+   yygotominor.yy373 = yymsp[-1].minor.yy373;
+   if( yygotominor.yy373 && yygotominor.yy373->nSrc>0 ) yygotominor.yy373->a[yygotominor.yy373->nSrc-1].jointype = yymsp[0].minor.yy46;
+}
+        break;
+      case 125: /* stl_prefix ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy373 = 0;}
+        break;
+      case 126: /* seltablist ::= stl_prefix nm dbnm as on_opt using_opt */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy373 = sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(pParse,yymsp[-5].minor.yy373,&yymsp[-4].minor.yy410,&yymsp[-3].minor.yy410,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy410,0,yymsp[-1].minor.yy172,yymsp[0].minor.yy432);
+}
+        break;
+      case 127: /* seltablist ::= stl_prefix LP seltablist_paren RP as on_opt using_opt */
+{
+    yygotominor.yy373 = sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(pParse,yymsp[-6].minor.yy373,0,0,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy410,yymsp[-4].minor.yy219,yymsp[-1].minor.yy172,yymsp[0].minor.yy432);
+  }
+        break;
+      case 129: /* seltablist_paren ::= seltablist */
+{
+     sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType(yymsp[0].minor.yy373);
+     yygotominor.yy219 = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse,0,yymsp[0].minor.yy373,0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+  }
+        break;
+      case 130: /* dbnm ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy410.z=0; yygotominor.yy410.n=0;}
+        break;
+      case 132: /* fullname ::= nm dbnm */
+{yygotominor.yy373 = sqlite3SrcListAppend(pParse->db,0,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy410,&yymsp[0].minor.yy410);}
+        break;
+      case 133: /* joinop ::= COMMA|JOIN */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = JT_INNER; }
+        break;
+      case 134: /* joinop ::= JOIN_KW JOIN */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = sqlite3JoinType(pParse,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy0,0,0); }
+        break;
+      case 135: /* joinop ::= JOIN_KW nm JOIN */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = sqlite3JoinType(pParse,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy0,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy410,0); }
+        break;
+      case 136: /* joinop ::= JOIN_KW nm nm JOIN */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = sqlite3JoinType(pParse,&yymsp[-3].minor.yy0,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy410,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy410); }
+        break;
+      case 137: /* on_opt ::= ON expr */
+      case 145: /* sortitem ::= expr */
+      case 152: /* having_opt ::= HAVING expr */
+      case 159: /* where_opt ::= WHERE expr */
+      case 174: /* expr ::= term */
+      case 202: /* escape ::= ESCAPE expr */
+      case 226: /* case_else ::= ELSE expr */
+      case 228: /* case_operand ::= expr */
+{yygotominor.yy172 = yymsp[0].minor.yy172;}
+        break;
+      case 138: /* on_opt ::= */
+      case 151: /* having_opt ::= */
+      case 158: /* where_opt ::= */
+      case 203: /* escape ::= */
+      case 227: /* case_else ::= */
+      case 229: /* case_operand ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy172 = 0;}
+        break;
+      case 139: /* using_opt ::= USING LP inscollist RP */
+      case 171: /* inscollist_opt ::= LP inscollist RP */
+{yygotominor.yy432 = yymsp[-1].minor.yy432;}
+        break;
+      case 140: /* using_opt ::= */
+      case 170: /* inscollist_opt ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy432 = 0;}
+        break;
+      case 142: /* orderby_opt ::= ORDER BY sortlist */
+      case 150: /* groupby_opt ::= GROUP BY nexprlist */
+      case 230: /* exprlist ::= nexprlist */
+{yygotominor.yy174 = yymsp[0].minor.yy174;}
+        break;
+      case 143: /* sortlist ::= sortlist COMMA sortitem sortorder */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,yymsp[-3].minor.yy174,yymsp[-1].minor.yy172,0);
+  if( yygotominor.yy174 ) yygotominor.yy174->a[yygotominor.yy174->nExpr-1].sortOrder = yymsp[0].minor.yy46;
+}
+        break;
+      case 144: /* sortlist ::= sortitem sortorder */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,0,yymsp[-1].minor.yy172,0);
+  if( yygotominor.yy174 && yygotominor.yy174->a ) yygotominor.yy174->a[0].sortOrder = yymsp[0].minor.yy46;
+}
+        break;
+      case 146: /* sortorder ::= ASC */
+      case 148: /* sortorder ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = SQLITE_SO_ASC;}
+        break;
+      case 147: /* sortorder ::= DESC */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = SQLITE_SO_DESC;}
+        break;
+      case 153: /* limit_opt ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy234.pLimit = 0; yygotominor.yy234.pOffset = 0;}
+        break;
+      case 154: /* limit_opt ::= LIMIT expr */
+{yygotominor.yy234.pLimit = yymsp[0].minor.yy172; yygotominor.yy234.pOffset = 0;}
+        break;
+      case 155: /* limit_opt ::= LIMIT expr OFFSET expr */
+{yygotominor.yy234.pLimit = yymsp[-2].minor.yy172; yygotominor.yy234.pOffset = yymsp[0].minor.yy172;}
+        break;
+      case 156: /* limit_opt ::= LIMIT expr COMMA expr */
+{yygotominor.yy234.pOffset = yymsp[-2].minor.yy172; yygotominor.yy234.pLimit = yymsp[0].minor.yy172;}
+        break;
+      case 157: /* cmd ::= DELETE FROM fullname where_opt */
+{sqlite3DeleteFrom(pParse,yymsp[-1].minor.yy373,yymsp[0].minor.yy172);}
+        break;
+      case 160: /* cmd ::= UPDATE orconf fullname SET setlist where_opt */
+{
+  sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(pParse,yymsp[-1].minor.yy174,"set list"); 
+  sqlite3Update(pParse,yymsp[-3].minor.yy373,yymsp[-1].minor.yy174,yymsp[0].minor.yy172,yymsp[-4].minor.yy46);
+}
+        break;
+      case 161: /* setlist ::= setlist COMMA nm EQ expr */
+{yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,yymsp[-4].minor.yy174,yymsp[0].minor.yy172,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy410);}
+        break;
+      case 162: /* setlist ::= nm EQ expr */
+{yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,0,yymsp[0].minor.yy172,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy410);}
+        break;
+      case 163: /* cmd ::= insert_cmd INTO fullname inscollist_opt VALUES LP itemlist RP */
+{sqlite3Insert(pParse, yymsp[-5].minor.yy373, yymsp[-1].minor.yy174, 0, yymsp[-4].minor.yy432, yymsp[-7].minor.yy46);}
+        break;
+      case 164: /* cmd ::= insert_cmd INTO fullname inscollist_opt select */
+{sqlite3Insert(pParse, yymsp[-2].minor.yy373, 0, yymsp[0].minor.yy219, yymsp[-1].minor.yy432, yymsp[-4].minor.yy46);}
+        break;
+      case 165: /* cmd ::= insert_cmd INTO fullname inscollist_opt DEFAULT VALUES */
+{sqlite3Insert(pParse, yymsp[-3].minor.yy373, 0, 0, yymsp[-2].minor.yy432, yymsp[-5].minor.yy46);}
+        break;
+      case 168: /* itemlist ::= itemlist COMMA expr */
+      case 232: /* nexprlist ::= nexprlist COMMA expr */
+{yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,yymsp[-2].minor.yy174,yymsp[0].minor.yy172,0);}
+        break;
+      case 169: /* itemlist ::= expr */
+      case 233: /* nexprlist ::= expr */
+{yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,0,yymsp[0].minor.yy172,0);}
+        break;
+      case 172: /* inscollist ::= inscollist COMMA nm */
+{yygotominor.yy432 = sqlite3IdListAppend(pParse->db,yymsp[-2].minor.yy432,&yymsp[0].minor.yy410);}
+        break;
+      case 173: /* inscollist ::= nm */
+{yygotominor.yy432 = sqlite3IdListAppend(pParse->db,0,&yymsp[0].minor.yy410);}
+        break;
+      case 175: /* expr ::= LP expr RP */
+{yygotominor.yy172 = yymsp[-1].minor.yy172; sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy0,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0); }
+        break;
+      case 176: /* term ::= NULL */
+      case 181: /* term ::= INTEGER|FLOAT|BLOB */
+      case 182: /* term ::= STRING */
+{yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, yymsp[0].major, 0, 0, &yymsp[0].minor.yy0);}
+        break;
+      case 177: /* expr ::= ID */
+      case 178: /* expr ::= JOIN_KW */
+{yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &yymsp[0].minor.yy0);}
+        break;
+      case 179: /* expr ::= nm DOT nm */
+{
+  Expr *temp1 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &yymsp[-2].minor.yy410);
+  Expr *temp2 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &yymsp[0].minor.yy410);
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, temp1, temp2, 0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 180: /* expr ::= nm DOT nm DOT nm */
+{
+  Expr *temp1 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &yymsp[-4].minor.yy410);
+  Expr *temp2 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &yymsp[-2].minor.yy410);
+  Expr *temp3 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ID, 0, 0, &yymsp[0].minor.yy410);
+  Expr *temp4 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, temp2, temp3, 0);
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_DOT, temp1, temp4, 0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 183: /* expr ::= REGISTER */
+{yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3RegisterExpr(pParse, &yymsp[0].minor.yy0);}
+        break;
+      case 184: /* expr ::= VARIABLE */
+{
+  Token *pToken = &yymsp[0].minor.yy0;
+  Expr *pExpr = yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_VARIABLE, 0, 0, pToken);
+  sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(pParse, pExpr);
+}
+        break;
+      case 185: /* expr ::= expr COLLATE ids */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3ExprSetColl(pParse, yymsp[-2].minor.yy172, &yymsp[0].minor.yy410);
+}
+        break;
+      case 186: /* expr ::= CAST LP expr AS typetoken RP */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_CAST, yymsp[-3].minor.yy172, 0, &yymsp[-1].minor.yy410);
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-5].minor.yy0,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 187: /* expr ::= ID LP distinct exprlist RP */
+{
+  if( yymsp[-1].minor.yy174 && yymsp[-1].minor.yy174->nExpr>SQLITE_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG ){
+    sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "too many arguments on function %T", &yymsp[-4].minor.yy0);
+  }
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, yymsp[-1].minor.yy174, &yymsp[-4].minor.yy0);
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-4].minor.yy0,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+  if( yymsp[-2].minor.yy46 && yygotominor.yy172 ){
+    yygotominor.yy172->flags |= EP_Distinct;
+  }
+}
+        break;
+      case 188: /* expr ::= ID LP STAR RP */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, 0, &yymsp[-3].minor.yy0);
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-3].minor.yy0,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 189: /* term ::= CTIME_KW */
+{
+  /* The CURRENT_TIME, CURRENT_DATE, and CURRENT_TIMESTAMP values are
+  ** treated as functions that return constants */
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, 0,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+  if( yygotominor.yy172 ){
+    yygotominor.yy172->op = TK_CONST_FUNC;  
+    yygotominor.yy172->span = yymsp[0].minor.yy0;
+  }
+}
+        break;
+      case 190: /* expr ::= expr AND expr */
+      case 191: /* expr ::= expr OR expr */
+      case 192: /* expr ::= expr LT|GT|GE|LE expr */
+      case 193: /* expr ::= expr EQ|NE expr */
+      case 194: /* expr ::= expr BITAND|BITOR|LSHIFT|RSHIFT expr */
+      case 195: /* expr ::= expr PLUS|MINUS expr */
+      case 196: /* expr ::= expr STAR|SLASH|REM expr */
+      case 197: /* expr ::= expr CONCAT expr */
+{yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse,yymsp[-1].major,yymsp[-2].minor.yy172,yymsp[0].minor.yy172,0);}
+        break;
+      case 198: /* likeop ::= LIKE_KW */
+      case 200: /* likeop ::= MATCH */
+{yygotominor.yy72.eOperator = yymsp[0].minor.yy0; yygotominor.yy72.not = 0;}
+        break;
+      case 199: /* likeop ::= NOT LIKE_KW */
+      case 201: /* likeop ::= NOT MATCH */
+{yygotominor.yy72.eOperator = yymsp[0].minor.yy0; yygotominor.yy72.not = 1;}
+        break;
+      case 204: /* expr ::= expr likeop expr escape */
+{
+  ExprList *pList;
+  pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,0, yymsp[-1].minor.yy172, 0);
+  pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,pList, yymsp[-3].minor.yy172, 0);
+  if( yymsp[0].minor.yy172 ){
+    pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,pList, yymsp[0].minor.yy172, 0);
+  }
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3ExprFunction(pParse, pList, &yymsp[-2].minor.yy72.eOperator);
+  if( yymsp[-2].minor.yy72.not ) yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NOT, yygotominor.yy172, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172, &yymsp[-3].minor.yy172->span, &yymsp[-1].minor.yy172->span);
+  if( yygotominor.yy172 ) yygotominor.yy172->flags |= EP_InfixFunc;
+}
+        break;
+      case 205: /* expr ::= expr ISNULL|NOTNULL */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, yymsp[0].major, yymsp[-1].minor.yy172, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy172->span,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 206: /* expr ::= expr IS NULL */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_ISNULL, yymsp[-2].minor.yy172, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy172->span,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 207: /* expr ::= expr NOT NULL */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NOTNULL, yymsp[-2].minor.yy172, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy172->span,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 208: /* expr ::= expr IS NOT NULL */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NOTNULL, yymsp[-3].minor.yy172, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-3].minor.yy172->span,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 209: /* expr ::= NOT expr */
+      case 210: /* expr ::= BITNOT expr */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, yymsp[-1].major, yymsp[0].minor.yy172, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy0,&yymsp[0].minor.yy172->span);
+}
+        break;
+      case 211: /* expr ::= MINUS expr */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_UMINUS, yymsp[0].minor.yy172, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy0,&yymsp[0].minor.yy172->span);
+}
+        break;
+      case 212: /* expr ::= PLUS expr */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_UPLUS, yymsp[0].minor.yy172, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy0,&yymsp[0].minor.yy172->span);
+}
+        break;
+      case 215: /* expr ::= expr between_op expr AND expr */
+{
+  ExprList *pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,0, yymsp[-2].minor.yy172, 0);
+  pList = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,pList, yymsp[0].minor.yy172, 0);
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_BETWEEN, yymsp[-4].minor.yy172, 0, 0);
+  if( yygotominor.yy172 ){
+    yygotominor.yy172->pList = pList;
+  }else{
+    sqlite3ExprListDelete(pList);
+  } 
+  if( yymsp[-3].minor.yy46 ) yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NOT, yygotominor.yy172, 0, 0);
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-4].minor.yy172->span,&yymsp[0].minor.yy172->span);
+}
+        break;
+      case 218: /* expr ::= expr in_op LP exprlist RP */
+{
+    yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_IN, yymsp[-4].minor.yy172, 0, 0);
+    if( yygotominor.yy172 ){
+      yygotominor.yy172->pList = yymsp[-1].minor.yy174;
+      sqlite3ExprSetHeight(yygotominor.yy172);
+    }else{
+      sqlite3ExprListDelete(yymsp[-1].minor.yy174);
+    }
+    if( yymsp[-3].minor.yy46 ) yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NOT, yygotominor.yy172, 0, 0);
+    sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-4].minor.yy172->span,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+  }
+        break;
+      case 219: /* expr ::= LP select RP */
+{
+    yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_SELECT, 0, 0, 0);
+    if( yygotominor.yy172 ){
+      yygotominor.yy172->pSelect = yymsp[-1].minor.yy219;
+      sqlite3ExprSetHeight(yygotominor.yy172);
+    }else{
+      sqlite3SelectDelete(yymsp[-1].minor.yy219);
+    }
+    sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy0,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+  }
+        break;
+      case 220: /* expr ::= expr in_op LP select RP */
+{
+    yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_IN, yymsp[-4].minor.yy172, 0, 0);
+    if( yygotominor.yy172 ){
+      yygotominor.yy172->pSelect = yymsp[-1].minor.yy219;
+      sqlite3ExprSetHeight(yygotominor.yy172);
+    }else{
+      sqlite3SelectDelete(yymsp[-1].minor.yy219);
+    }
+    if( yymsp[-3].minor.yy46 ) yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NOT, yygotominor.yy172, 0, 0);
+    sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-4].minor.yy172->span,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+  }
+        break;
+      case 221: /* expr ::= expr in_op nm dbnm */
+{
+    SrcList *pSrc = sqlite3SrcListAppend(pParse->db, 0,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy410,&yymsp[0].minor.yy410);
+    yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_IN, yymsp[-3].minor.yy172, 0, 0);
+    if( yygotominor.yy172 ){
+      yygotominor.yy172->pSelect = sqlite3SelectNew(pParse, 0,pSrc,0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
+      sqlite3ExprSetHeight(yygotominor.yy172);
+    }else{
+      sqlite3SrcListDelete(pSrc);
+    }
+    if( yymsp[-2].minor.yy46 ) yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_NOT, yygotominor.yy172, 0, 0);
+    sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172,&yymsp[-3].minor.yy172->span,yymsp[0].minor.yy410.z?&yymsp[0].minor.yy410:&yymsp[-1].minor.yy410);
+  }
+        break;
+      case 222: /* expr ::= EXISTS LP select RP */
+{
+    Expr *p = yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_EXISTS, 0, 0, 0);
+    if( p ){
+      p->pSelect = yymsp[-1].minor.yy219;
+      sqlite3ExprSpan(p,&yymsp[-3].minor.yy0,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+      sqlite3ExprSetHeight(yygotominor.yy172);
+    }else{
+      sqlite3SelectDelete(yymsp[-1].minor.yy219);
+    }
+  }
+        break;
+      case 223: /* expr ::= CASE case_operand case_exprlist case_else END */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_CASE, yymsp[-3].minor.yy172, yymsp[-1].minor.yy172, 0);
+  if( yygotominor.yy172 ){
+    yygotominor.yy172->pList = yymsp[-2].minor.yy174;
+    sqlite3ExprSetHeight(yygotominor.yy172);
+  }else{
+    sqlite3ExprListDelete(yymsp[-2].minor.yy174);
+  }
+  sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172, &yymsp[-4].minor.yy0, &yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 224: /* case_exprlist ::= case_exprlist WHEN expr THEN expr */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,yymsp[-4].minor.yy174, yymsp[-2].minor.yy172, 0);
+  yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,yygotominor.yy174, yymsp[0].minor.yy172, 0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 225: /* case_exprlist ::= WHEN expr THEN expr */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,0, yymsp[-2].minor.yy172, 0);
+  yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,yygotominor.yy174, yymsp[0].minor.yy172, 0);
+}
+        break;
+      case 234: /* cmd ::= CREATE uniqueflag INDEX ifnotexists nm dbnm ON nm LP idxlist RP */
+{
+  sqlite3CreateIndex(pParse, &yymsp[-6].minor.yy410, &yymsp[-5].minor.yy410, 
+                     sqlite3SrcListAppend(pParse->db,0,&yymsp[-3].minor.yy410,0), yymsp[-1].minor.yy174, yymsp[-9].minor.yy46,
+                      &yymsp[-10].minor.yy0, &yymsp[0].minor.yy0, SQLITE_SO_ASC, yymsp[-7].minor.yy46);
+}
+        break;
+      case 235: /* uniqueflag ::= UNIQUE */
+      case 283: /* raisetype ::= ABORT */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = OE_Abort;}
+        break;
+      case 236: /* uniqueflag ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = OE_None;}
+        break;
+      case 239: /* idxlist ::= idxlist COMMA idxitem collate sortorder */
+{
+  Expr *p = 0;
+  if( yymsp[-1].minor.yy410.n>0 ){
+    p = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_COLUMN, 0, 0, 0);
+    sqlite3ExprSetColl(pParse, p, &yymsp[-1].minor.yy410);
+  }
+  yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,yymsp[-4].minor.yy174, p, &yymsp[-2].minor.yy410);
+  sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(pParse, yygotominor.yy174, "index");
+  if( yygotominor.yy174 ) yygotominor.yy174->a[yygotominor.yy174->nExpr-1].sortOrder = yymsp[0].minor.yy46;
+}
+        break;
+      case 240: /* idxlist ::= idxitem collate sortorder */
+{
+  Expr *p = 0;
+  if( yymsp[-1].minor.yy410.n>0 ){
+    p = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_COLUMN, 0, 0, 0);
+    sqlite3ExprSetColl(pParse, p, &yymsp[-1].minor.yy410);
+  }
+  yygotominor.yy174 = sqlite3ExprListAppend(pParse,0, p, &yymsp[-2].minor.yy410);
+  sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(pParse, yygotominor.yy174, "index");
+  if( yygotominor.yy174 ) yygotominor.yy174->a[yygotominor.yy174->nExpr-1].sortOrder = yymsp[0].minor.yy46;
+}
+        break;
+      case 242: /* collate ::= */
+{yygotominor.yy410.z = 0; yygotominor.yy410.n = 0;}
+        break;
+      case 244: /* cmd ::= DROP INDEX ifexists fullname */
+{sqlite3DropIndex(pParse, yymsp[0].minor.yy373, yymsp[-1].minor.yy46);}
+        break;
+      case 245: /* cmd ::= VACUUM */
+      case 246: /* cmd ::= VACUUM nm */
+{sqlite3Vacuum(pParse);}
+        break;
+      case 247: /* cmd ::= PRAGMA nm dbnm EQ nmnum */
+{sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&yymsp[-3].minor.yy410,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy410,&yymsp[0].minor.yy410,0);}
+        break;
+      case 248: /* cmd ::= PRAGMA nm dbnm EQ ON */
+      case 249: /* cmd ::= PRAGMA nm dbnm EQ DELETE */
+{sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&yymsp[-3].minor.yy410,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy410,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0,0);}
+        break;
+      case 250: /* cmd ::= PRAGMA nm dbnm EQ minus_num */
+{
+  sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&yymsp[-3].minor.yy410,&yymsp[-2].minor.yy410,&yymsp[0].minor.yy410,1);
+}
+        break;
+      case 251: /* cmd ::= PRAGMA nm dbnm LP nmnum RP */
+{sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&yymsp[-4].minor.yy410,&yymsp[-3].minor.yy410,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy410,0);}
+        break;
+      case 252: /* cmd ::= PRAGMA nm dbnm */
+{sqlite3Pragma(pParse,&yymsp[-1].minor.yy410,&yymsp[0].minor.yy410,0,0);}
+        break;
+      case 260: /* cmd ::= CREATE trigger_decl BEGIN trigger_cmd_list END */
+{
+  Token all;
+  all.z = yymsp[-3].minor.yy410.z;
+  all.n = (yymsp[0].minor.yy0.z - yymsp[-3].minor.yy410.z) + yymsp[0].minor.yy0.n;
+  sqlite3FinishTrigger(pParse, yymsp[-1].minor.yy243, &all);
+}
+        break;
+      case 261: /* trigger_decl ::= temp TRIGGER ifnotexists nm dbnm trigger_time trigger_event ON fullname foreach_clause when_clause */
+{
+  sqlite3BeginTrigger(pParse, &yymsp[-7].minor.yy410, &yymsp[-6].minor.yy410, yymsp[-5].minor.yy46, yymsp[-4].minor.yy370.a, yymsp[-4].minor.yy370.b, yymsp[-2].minor.yy373, yymsp[0].minor.yy172, yymsp[-10].minor.yy46, yymsp[-8].minor.yy46);
+  yygotominor.yy410 = (yymsp[-6].minor.yy410.n==0?yymsp[-7].minor.yy410:yymsp[-6].minor.yy410);
+}
+        break;
+      case 262: /* trigger_time ::= BEFORE */
+      case 265: /* trigger_time ::= */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = TK_BEFORE; }
+        break;
+      case 263: /* trigger_time ::= AFTER */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = TK_AFTER;  }
+        break;
+      case 264: /* trigger_time ::= INSTEAD OF */
+{ yygotominor.yy46 = TK_INSTEAD;}
+        break;
+      case 266: /* trigger_event ::= DELETE|INSERT */
+      case 267: /* trigger_event ::= UPDATE */
+{yygotominor.yy370.a = yymsp[0].major; yygotominor.yy370.b = 0;}
+        break;
+      case 268: /* trigger_event ::= UPDATE OF inscollist */
+{yygotominor.yy370.a = TK_UPDATE; yygotominor.yy370.b = yymsp[0].minor.yy432;}
+        break;
+      case 271: /* when_clause ::= */
+      case 288: /* key_opt ::= */
+{ yygotominor.yy172 = 0; }
+        break;
+      case 272: /* when_clause ::= WHEN expr */
+      case 289: /* key_opt ::= KEY expr */
+{ yygotominor.yy172 = yymsp[0].minor.yy172; }
+        break;
+      case 273: /* trigger_cmd_list ::= trigger_cmd_list trigger_cmd SEMI */
+{
+  if( yymsp[-2].minor.yy243 ){
+    yymsp[-2].minor.yy243->pLast->pNext = yymsp[-1].minor.yy243;
+  }else{
+    yymsp[-2].minor.yy243 = yymsp[-1].minor.yy243;
+  }
+  yymsp[-2].minor.yy243->pLast = yymsp[-1].minor.yy243;
+  yygotominor.yy243 = yymsp[-2].minor.yy243;
+}
+        break;
+      case 274: /* trigger_cmd_list ::= */
+{ yygotominor.yy243 = 0; }
+        break;
+      case 275: /* trigger_cmd ::= UPDATE orconf nm SET setlist where_opt */
+{ yygotominor.yy243 = sqlite3TriggerUpdateStep(pParse->db, &yymsp[-3].minor.yy410, yymsp[-1].minor.yy174, yymsp[0].minor.yy172, yymsp[-4].minor.yy46); }
+        break;
+      case 276: /* trigger_cmd ::= insert_cmd INTO nm inscollist_opt VALUES LP itemlist RP */
+{yygotominor.yy243 = sqlite3TriggerInsertStep(pParse->db, &yymsp[-5].minor.yy410, yymsp[-4].minor.yy432, yymsp[-1].minor.yy174, 0, yymsp[-7].minor.yy46);}
+        break;
+      case 277: /* trigger_cmd ::= insert_cmd INTO nm inscollist_opt select */
+{yygotominor.yy243 = sqlite3TriggerInsertStep(pParse->db, &yymsp[-2].minor.yy410, yymsp[-1].minor.yy432, 0, yymsp[0].minor.yy219, yymsp[-4].minor.yy46);}
+        break;
+      case 278: /* trigger_cmd ::= DELETE FROM nm where_opt */
+{yygotominor.yy243 = sqlite3TriggerDeleteStep(pParse->db, &yymsp[-1].minor.yy410, yymsp[0].minor.yy172);}
+        break;
+      case 279: /* trigger_cmd ::= select */
+{yygotominor.yy243 = sqlite3TriggerSelectStep(pParse->db, yymsp[0].minor.yy219); }
+        break;
+      case 280: /* expr ::= RAISE LP IGNORE RP */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_RAISE, 0, 0, 0); 
+  if( yygotominor.yy172 ){
+    yygotominor.yy172->iColumn = OE_Ignore;
+    sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172, &yymsp[-3].minor.yy0, &yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+  }
+}
+        break;
+      case 281: /* expr ::= RAISE LP raisetype COMMA nm RP */
+{
+  yygotominor.yy172 = sqlite3PExpr(pParse, TK_RAISE, 0, 0, &yymsp[-1].minor.yy410); 
+  if( yygotominor.yy172 ) {
+    yygotominor.yy172->iColumn = yymsp[-3].minor.yy46;
+    sqlite3ExprSpan(yygotominor.yy172, &yymsp[-5].minor.yy0, &yymsp[0].minor.yy0);
+  }
+}
+        break;
+      case 282: /* raisetype ::= ROLLBACK */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = OE_Rollback;}
+        break;
+      case 284: /* raisetype ::= FAIL */
+{yygotominor.yy46 = OE_Fail;}
+        break;
+      case 285: /* cmd ::= DROP TRIGGER ifexists fullname */
+{
+  sqlite3DropTrigger(pParse,yymsp[0].minor.yy373,yymsp[-1].minor.yy46);
+}
+        break;
+      case 286: /* cmd ::= ATTACH database_kw_opt expr AS expr key_opt */
+{
+  sqlite3Attach(pParse, yymsp[-3].minor.yy172, yymsp[-1].minor.yy172, yymsp[0].minor.yy172);
+}
+        break;
+      case 287: /* cmd ::= DETACH database_kw_opt expr */
+{
+  sqlite3Detach(pParse, yymsp[0].minor.yy172);
+}
+        break;
+      case 292: /* cmd ::= REINDEX */
+{sqlite3Reindex(pParse, 0, 0);}
+        break;
+      case 293: /* cmd ::= REINDEX nm dbnm */
+{sqlite3Reindex(pParse, &yymsp[-1].minor.yy410, &yymsp[0].minor.yy410);}
+        break;
+      case 294: /* cmd ::= ANALYZE */
+{sqlite3Analyze(pParse, 0, 0);}
+        break;
+      case 295: /* cmd ::= ANALYZE nm dbnm */
+{sqlite3Analyze(pParse, &yymsp[-1].minor.yy410, &yymsp[0].minor.yy410);}
+        break;
+      case 296: /* cmd ::= ALTER TABLE fullname RENAME TO nm */
+{
+  sqlite3AlterRenameTable(pParse,yymsp[-3].minor.yy373,&yymsp[0].minor.yy410);
+}
+        break;
+      case 297: /* cmd ::= ALTER TABLE add_column_fullname ADD kwcolumn_opt column */
+{
+  sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(pParse, &yymsp[0].minor.yy410);
+}
+        break;
+      case 298: /* add_column_fullname ::= fullname */
+{
+  sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(pParse, yymsp[0].minor.yy373);
+}
+        break;
+      case 301: /* cmd ::= create_vtab */
+{sqlite3VtabFinishParse(pParse,0);}
+        break;
+      case 302: /* cmd ::= create_vtab LP vtabarglist RP */
+{sqlite3VtabFinishParse(pParse,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);}
+        break;
+      case 303: /* create_vtab ::= CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE nm dbnm USING nm */
+{
+    sqlite3VtabBeginParse(pParse, &yymsp[-3].minor.yy410, &yymsp[-2].minor.yy410, &yymsp[0].minor.yy410);
+}
+        break;
+      case 306: /* vtabarg ::= */
+{sqlite3VtabArgInit(pParse);}
+        break;
+      case 308: /* vtabargtoken ::= ANY */
+      case 309: /* vtabargtoken ::= lp anylist RP */
+      case 310: /* lp ::= LP */
+      case 312: /* anylist ::= anylist ANY */
+{sqlite3VtabArgExtend(pParse,&yymsp[0].minor.yy0);}
+        break;
+  };
+  yygoto = yyRuleInfo[yyruleno].lhs;
+  yysize = yyRuleInfo[yyruleno].nrhs;
+  yypParser->yyidx -= yysize;
+  yyact = yy_find_reduce_action(yymsp[-yysize].stateno,yygoto);
+  if( yyact < YYNSTATE ){
+#ifdef NDEBUG
+    /* If we are not debugging and the reduce action popped at least
+    ** one element off the stack, then we can push the new element back
+    ** onto the stack here, and skip the stack overflow test in yy_shift().
+    ** That gives a significant speed improvement. */
+    if( yysize ){
+      yypParser->yyidx++;
+      yymsp -= yysize-1;
+      yymsp->stateno = yyact;
+      yymsp->major = yygoto;
+      yymsp->minor = yygotominor;
+    }else
+#endif
+    {
+      yy_shift(yypParser,yyact,yygoto,&yygotominor);
+    }
+  }else{
+    assert( yyact == YYNSTATE + YYNRULE + 1 );
+    yy_accept(yypParser);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** The following code executes when the parse fails
+*/
+static void yy_parse_failed(
+  yyParser *yypParser           /* The parser */
+){
+  sqlite3ParserARG_FETCH;
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  if( yyTraceFILE ){
+    fprintf(yyTraceFILE,"%sFail!\n",yyTracePrompt);
+  }
+#endif
+  while( yypParser->yyidx>=0 ) yy_pop_parser_stack(yypParser);
+  /* Here code is inserted which will be executed whenever the
+  ** parser fails */
+  sqlite3ParserARG_STORE; /* Suppress warning about unused %extra_argument variable */
+}
+
+/*
+** The following code executes when a syntax error first occurs.
+*/
+static void yy_syntax_error(
+  yyParser *yypParser,           /* The parser */
+  int yymajor,                   /* The major type of the error token */
+  YYMINORTYPE yyminor            /* The minor type of the error token */
+){
+  sqlite3ParserARG_FETCH;
+#define TOKEN (yyminor.yy0)
+
+  yymajor = yymajor;	/* quiet the compiler */
+  assert( TOKEN.z[0] );  /* The tokenizer always gives us a token */
+  sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "near \"%T\": syntax error", &TOKEN);
+  pParse->parseError = 1;
+  sqlite3ParserARG_STORE; /* Suppress warning about unused %extra_argument variable */
+}
+
+/*
+** The following is executed when the parser accepts
+*/
+static void yy_accept(
+  yyParser *yypParser           /* The parser */
+){
+  sqlite3ParserARG_FETCH;
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  if( yyTraceFILE ){
+    fprintf(yyTraceFILE,"%sAccept!\n",yyTracePrompt);
+  }
+#endif
+  while( yypParser->yyidx>=0 ) yy_pop_parser_stack(yypParser);
+  /* Here code is inserted which will be executed whenever the
+  ** parser accepts */
+  sqlite3ParserARG_STORE; /* Suppress warning about unused %extra_argument variable */
+}
+
+/* The main parser program.
+** The first argument is a pointer to a structure obtained from
+** "sqlite3ParserAlloc" which describes the current state of the parser.
+** The second argument is the major token number.  The third is
+** the minor token.  The fourth optional argument is whatever the
+** user wants (and specified in the grammar) and is available for
+** use by the action routines.
+**
+** Inputs:
+** <ul>
+** <li> A pointer to the parser (an opaque structure.)
+** <li> The major token number.
+** <li> The minor token number.
+** <li> An option argument of a grammar-specified type.
+** </ul>
+**
+** Outputs:
+** None.
+*/
+void sqlite3Parser(
+  void *yyp,                   /* The parser */
+  int yymajor,                 /* The major token code number */
+  sqlite3ParserTOKENTYPE yyminor       /* The value for the token */
+  sqlite3ParserARG_PDECL               /* Optional %extra_argument parameter */
+){
+  YYMINORTYPE yyminorunion;
+  int yyact;            /* The parser action. */
+  int yyendofinput;     /* True if we are at the end of input */
+#ifdef YYERRORSYMBOL
+  int yyerrorhit = 0;   /* True if yymajor has invoked an error */
+#endif
+  yyParser *yypParser;  /* The parser */
+
+  /* (re)initialize the parser, if necessary */
+  yypParser = (yyParser*)yyp;
+  if( yypParser->yyidx<0 ){
+#if YYSTACKDEPTH<=0
+    if( yypParser->yystksz <=0 ){
+      /*memset(&yyminorunion, 0, sizeof(yyminorunion));*/
+      yyminorunion = yyzerominor;
+      yyStackOverflow(yypParser, &yyminorunion);
+      return;
+    }
+#endif
+    yypParser->yyidx = 0;
+    yypParser->yyerrcnt = -1;
+    yypParser->yystack[0].stateno = 0;
+    yypParser->yystack[0].major = 0;
+  }
+  yyminorunion.yy0 = yyminor;
+  yyendofinput = (yymajor==0);
+  sqlite3ParserARG_STORE;
+
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  if( yyTraceFILE ){
+    fprintf(yyTraceFILE,"%sInput %s\n",yyTracePrompt,yyTokenName[yymajor]);
+  }
+#endif
+
+  do{
+    yyact = yy_find_shift_action(yypParser,yymajor);
+    if( yyact<YYNSTATE ){
+      assert( !yyendofinput );  /* Impossible to shift the $ token */
+      yy_shift(yypParser,yyact,yymajor,&yyminorunion);
+      yypParser->yyerrcnt--;
+      yymajor = YYNOCODE;
+    }else if( yyact < YYNSTATE + YYNRULE ){
+      yy_reduce(yypParser,yyact-YYNSTATE);
+    }else{
+      assert( yyact == YY_ERROR_ACTION );
+#ifdef YYERRORSYMBOL
+      int yymx;
+#endif
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+      if( yyTraceFILE ){
+        fprintf(yyTraceFILE,"%sSyntax Error!\n",yyTracePrompt);
+      }
+#endif
+#ifdef YYERRORSYMBOL
+      /* A syntax error has occurred.
+      ** The response to an error depends upon whether or not the
+      ** grammar defines an error token "ERROR".  
+      **
+      ** This is what we do if the grammar does define ERROR:
+      **
+      **  * Call the %syntax_error function.
+      **
+      **  * Begin popping the stack until we enter a state where
+      **    it is legal to shift the error symbol, then shift
+      **    the error symbol.
+      **
+      **  * Set the error count to three.
+      **
+      **  * Begin accepting and shifting new tokens.  No new error
+      **    processing will occur until three tokens have been
+      **    shifted successfully.
+      **
+      */
+      if( yypParser->yyerrcnt<0 ){
+        yy_syntax_error(yypParser,yymajor,yyminorunion);
+      }
+      yymx = yypParser->yystack[yypParser->yyidx].major;
+      if( yymx==YYERRORSYMBOL || yyerrorhit ){
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+        if( yyTraceFILE ){
+          fprintf(yyTraceFILE,"%sDiscard input token %s\n",
+             yyTracePrompt,yyTokenName[yymajor]);
+        }
+#endif
+        yy_destructor(yymajor,&yyminorunion);
+        yymajor = YYNOCODE;
+      }else{
+         while(
+          yypParser->yyidx >= 0 &&
+          yymx != YYERRORSYMBOL &&
+          (yyact = yy_find_reduce_action(
+                        yypParser->yystack[yypParser->yyidx].stateno,
+                        YYERRORSYMBOL)) >= YYNSTATE
+        ){
+          yy_pop_parser_stack(yypParser);
+        }
+        if( yypParser->yyidx < 0 || yymajor==0 ){
+          yy_destructor(yymajor,&yyminorunion);
+          yy_parse_failed(yypParser);
+          yymajor = YYNOCODE;
+        }else if( yymx!=YYERRORSYMBOL ){
+          YYMINORTYPE u2;
+          u2.YYERRSYMDT = 0;
+          yy_shift(yypParser,yyact,YYERRORSYMBOL,&u2);
+        }
+      }
+      yypParser->yyerrcnt = 3;
+      yyerrorhit = 1;
+#else  /* YYERRORSYMBOL is not defined */
+      /* This is what we do if the grammar does not define ERROR:
+      **
+      **  * Report an error message, and throw away the input token.
+      **
+      **  * If the input token is $, then fail the parse.
+      **
+      ** As before, subsequent error messages are suppressed until
+      ** three input tokens have been successfully shifted.
+      */
+      if( yypParser->yyerrcnt<=0 ){
+        yy_syntax_error(yypParser,yymajor,yyminorunion);
+      }
+      yypParser->yyerrcnt = 3;
+      yy_destructor(yymajor,&yyminorunion);
+      if( yyendofinput ){
+        yy_parse_failed(yypParser);
+      }
+      yymajor = YYNOCODE;
+#endif
+    }
+  }while( yymajor!=YYNOCODE && yypParser->yyidx>=0 );
+  return;
+}
diff --git a/db_sql/sqlite/parse.h b/db_sql/sqlite/parse.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ed848ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/sqlite/parse.h
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+#define TK_SEMI                            1
+#define TK_EXPLAIN                         2
+#define TK_QUERY                           3
+#define TK_PLAN                            4
+#define TK_BEGIN                           5
+#define TK_TRANSACTION                     6
+#define TK_DEFERRED                        7
+#define TK_IMMEDIATE                       8
+#define TK_EXCLUSIVE                       9
+#define TK_COMMIT                         10
+#define TK_END                            11
+#define TK_ROLLBACK                       12
+#define TK_CREATE                         13
+#define TK_TABLE                          14
+#define TK_IF                             15
+#define TK_NOT                            16
+#define TK_EXISTS                         17
+#define TK_TEMP                           18
+#define TK_LP                             19
+#define TK_RP                             20
+#define TK_AS                             21
+#define TK_COMMA                          22
+#define TK_ID                             23
+#define TK_ABORT                          24
+#define TK_AFTER                          25
+#define TK_ANALYZE                        26
+#define TK_ASC                            27
+#define TK_ATTACH                         28
+#define TK_BEFORE                         29
+#define TK_CASCADE                        30
+#define TK_CAST                           31
+#define TK_CONFLICT                       32
+#define TK_DATABASE                       33
+#define TK_DESC                           34
+#define TK_DETACH                         35
+#define TK_EACH                           36
+#define TK_FAIL                           37
+#define TK_FOR                            38
+#define TK_IGNORE                         39
+#define TK_INITIALLY                      40
+#define TK_INSTEAD                        41
+#define TK_LIKE_KW                        42
+#define TK_MATCH                          43
+#define TK_KEY                            44
+#define TK_OF                             45
+#define TK_OFFSET                         46
+#define TK_PRAGMA                         47
+#define TK_RAISE                          48
+#define TK_REPLACE                        49
+#define TK_RESTRICT                       50
+#define TK_ROW                            51
+#define TK_TRIGGER                        52
+#define TK_VACUUM                         53
+#define TK_VIEW                           54
+#define TK_VIRTUAL                        55
+#define TK_REINDEX                        56
+#define TK_RENAME                         57
+#define TK_CTIME_KW                       58
+#define TK_ANY                            59
+#define TK_OR                             60
+#define TK_AND                            61
+#define TK_IS                             62
+#define TK_BETWEEN                        63
+#define TK_IN                             64
+#define TK_ISNULL                         65
+#define TK_NOTNULL                        66
+#define TK_NE                             67
+#define TK_EQ                             68
+#define TK_GT                             69
+#define TK_LE                             70
+#define TK_LT                             71
+#define TK_GE                             72
+#define TK_ESCAPE                         73
+#define TK_BITAND                         74
+#define TK_BITOR                          75
+#define TK_LSHIFT                         76
+#define TK_RSHIFT                         77
+#define TK_PLUS                           78
+#define TK_MINUS                          79
+#define TK_STAR                           80
+#define TK_SLASH                          81
+#define TK_REM                            82
+#define TK_CONCAT                         83
+#define TK_COLLATE                        84
+#define TK_UMINUS                         85
+#define TK_UPLUS                          86
+#define TK_BITNOT                         87
+#define TK_STRING                         88
+#define TK_JOIN_KW                        89
+#define TK_CONSTRAINT                     90
+#define TK_DEFAULT                        91
+#define TK_NULL                           92
+#define TK_PRIMARY                        93
+#define TK_UNIQUE                         94
+#define TK_CHECK                          95
+#define TK_REFERENCES                     96
+#define TK_AUTOINCR                       97
+#define TK_ON                             98
+#define TK_DELETE                         99
+#define TK_UPDATE                         100
+#define TK_INSERT                         101
+#define TK_SET                            102
+#define TK_DEFERRABLE                     103
+#define TK_FOREIGN                        104
+#define TK_DROP                           105
+#define TK_UNION                          106
+#define TK_ALL                            107
+#define TK_EXCEPT                         108
+#define TK_INTERSECT                      109
+#define TK_SELECT                         110
+#define TK_DISTINCT                       111
+#define TK_DOT                            112
+#define TK_FROM                           113
+#define TK_JOIN                           114
+#define TK_USING                          115
+#define TK_ORDER                          116
+#define TK_BY                             117
+#define TK_GROUP                          118
+#define TK_HAVING                         119
+#define TK_LIMIT                          120
+#define TK_WHERE                          121
+#define TK_INTO                           122
+#define TK_VALUES                         123
+#define TK_INTEGER                        124
+#define TK_FLOAT                          125
+#define TK_BLOB                           126
+#define TK_REGISTER                       127
+#define TK_VARIABLE                       128
+#define TK_CASE                           129
+#define TK_WHEN                           130
+#define TK_THEN                           131
+#define TK_ELSE                           132
+#define TK_INDEX                          133
+#define TK_ALTER                          134
+#define TK_TO                             135
+#define TK_ADD                            136
+#define TK_COLUMNKW                       137
+#define TK_TO_TEXT                        138
+#define TK_TO_BLOB                        139
+#define TK_TO_NUMERIC                     140
+#define TK_TO_INT                         141
+#define TK_TO_REAL                        142
+#define TK_END_OF_FILE                    143
+#define TK_ILLEGAL                        144
+#define TK_SPACE                          145
+#define TK_UNCLOSED_STRING                146
+#define TK_COMMENT                        147
+#define TK_FUNCTION                       148
+#define TK_COLUMN                         149
+#define TK_AGG_FUNCTION                   150
+#define TK_AGG_COLUMN                     151
+#define TK_CONST_FUNC                     152
diff --git a/db_sql/sqlite/sqlite3.h b/db_sql/sqlite/sqlite3.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7498b24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/sqlite/sqlite3.h
@@ -0,0 +1,5638 @@
+/*
+** 2001 September 15
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** This header file defines the interface that the SQLite library
+** presents to client programs.  If a C-function, structure, datatype,
+** or constant definition does not appear in this file, then it is
+** not a published API of SQLite, is subject to change without
+** notice, and should not be referenced by programs that use SQLite.
+**
+** Some of the definitions that are in this file are marked as
+** "experimental".  Experimental interfaces are normally new
+** features recently added to SQLite.  We do not anticipate changes 
+** to experimental interfaces but reserve to make minor changes if
+** experience from use "in the wild" suggest such changes are prudent.
+**
+** The official C-language API documentation for SQLite is derived
+** from comments in this file.  This file is the authoritative source
+** on how SQLite interfaces are suppose to operate.
+**
+** The name of this file under configuration management is "sqlite.h.in".
+** The makefile makes some minor changes to this file (such as inserting
+** the version number) and changes its name to "sqlite3.h" as
+** part of the build process.
+**
+** @(#) $Id$
+*/
+#ifndef _SQLITE3_H_
+#define _SQLITE3_H_
+#include <stdarg.h>     /* Needed for the definition of va_list */
+
+/*
+** Make sure we can call this stuff from C++.
+*/
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Add the ability to override 'extern'
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_EXTERN
+# define SQLITE_EXTERN extern
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Make sure these symbols where not defined by some previous header
+** file.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION
+# undef SQLITE_VERSION
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
+# undef SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER
+#endif
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Library Version Numbers {F10010}
+**
+** The SQLITE_VERSION and SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER #defines in
+** the sqlite3.h file specify the version of SQLite with which
+** that header file is associated.
+**
+** The "version" of SQLite is a string of the form "X.Y.Z".
+** The phrase "alpha" or "beta" might be appended after the Z.
+** The X value is major version number always 3 in SQLite3.
+** The X value only changes when  backwards compatibility is
+** broken and we intend to never break
+** backwards compatibility.  The Y value is the minor version
+** number and only changes when
+** there are major feature enhancements that are forwards compatible
+** but not backwards compatible.  The Z value is release number
+** and is incremented with
+** each release but resets back to 0 when Y is incremented.
+**
+** See also: [sqlite3_libversion()] and [sqlite3_libversion_number()].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F10011} The SQLITE_VERSION #define in the sqlite3.h header file
+**          evaluates to a string literal that is the SQLite version
+**          with which the header file is associated.
+**
+** {F10014} The SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER #define resolves to an integer
+**          with the value  (X*1000000 + Y*1000 + Z) where X, Y, and
+**          Z are the major version, minor version, and release number.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_VERSION         "3.5.9"
+#define SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER  3005009
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Library Version Numbers {F10020}
+** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_version
+**
+** These features provide the same information as the [SQLITE_VERSION]
+** and [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER] #defines in the header, but are associated
+** with the library instead of the header file.  Cautious programmers might
+** include a check in their application to verify that 
+** sqlite3_libversion_number() always returns the value 
+** [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER].
+**
+** The sqlite3_libversion() function returns the same information as is
+** in the sqlite3_version[] string constant.  The function is provided
+** for use in DLLs since DLL users usually do not have direct access to string
+** constants within the DLL.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F10021} The [sqlite3_libversion_number()] interface returns an integer
+**          equal to [SQLITE_VERSION_NUMBER]. 
+**
+** {F10022} The [sqlite3_version] string constant contains the text of the
+**          [SQLITE_VERSION] string. 
+**
+** {F10023} The [sqlite3_libversion()] function returns
+**          a pointer to the [sqlite3_version] string constant.
+*/
+SQLITE_EXTERN const char sqlite3_version[];
+const char *sqlite3_libversion(void);
+int sqlite3_libversion_number(void);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Test To See If The Library Is Threadsafe {F10100}
+**
+** SQLite can be compiled with or without mutexes.  When
+** the SQLITE_THREADSAFE C preprocessor macro is true, mutexes
+** are enabled and SQLite is threadsafe.  When that macro is false,
+** the mutexes are omitted.  Without the mutexes, it is not safe
+** to use SQLite from more than one thread.
+**
+** There is a measurable performance penalty for enabling mutexes.
+** So if speed is of utmost importance, it makes sense to disable
+** the mutexes.  But for maximum safety, mutexes should be enabled.
+** The default behavior is for mutexes to be enabled.
+**
+** This interface can be used by a program to make sure that the
+** version of SQLite that it is linking against was compiled with
+** the desired setting of the SQLITE_THREADSAFE macro.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F10101} The [sqlite3_threadsafe()] function returns nonzero if
+**          SQLite was compiled with its mutexes enabled or zero
+**          if SQLite was compiled with mutexes disabled.
+*/
+int sqlite3_threadsafe(void);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Database Connection Handle {F12000}
+** KEYWORDS: {database connection} {database connections}
+**
+** Each open SQLite database is represented by pointer to an instance of the
+** opaque structure named "sqlite3".  It is useful to think of an sqlite3
+** pointer as an object.  The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
+** [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces are its constructors
+** and [sqlite3_close()] is its destructor.  There are many other interfaces
+** (such as [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_create_function()], and
+** [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] to name but three) that are methods on this
+** object.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3 sqlite3;
+
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: 64-Bit Integer Types {F10200}
+** KEYWORDS: sqlite_int64 sqlite_uint64
+**
+** Because there is no cross-platform way to specify 64-bit integer types
+** SQLite includes typedefs for 64-bit signed and unsigned integers.
+**
+** The sqlite3_int64 and sqlite3_uint64 are the preferred type
+** definitions.  The sqlite_int64 and sqlite_uint64 types are
+** supported for backwards compatibility only.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F10201} The [sqlite_int64] and [sqlite3_int64] types specify a
+**          64-bit signed integer.
+**
+** {F10202} The [sqlite_uint64] and [sqlite3_uint64] types specify
+**          a 64-bit unsigned integer.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE
+  typedef SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_int64;
+  typedef unsigned SQLITE_INT64_TYPE sqlite_uint64;
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__BORLANDC__)
+  typedef __int64 sqlite_int64;
+  typedef unsigned __int64 sqlite_uint64;
+#else
+  typedef long long int sqlite_int64;
+  typedef unsigned long long int sqlite_uint64;
+#endif
+typedef sqlite_int64 sqlite3_int64;
+typedef sqlite_uint64 sqlite3_uint64;
+
+/*
+** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
+** substitute integer for floating-point
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
+# define double sqlite3_int64
+#endif
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Closing A Database Connection {F12010}
+**
+** This routine is the destructor for the [sqlite3] object.  
+**
+** Applications should [sqlite3_finalize | finalize] all
+** [prepared statements] and
+** [sqlite3_blob_close | close] all [sqlite3_blob | BLOBs] 
+** associated with the [sqlite3] object prior
+** to attempting to close the [sqlite3] object.
+**
+** <todo>What happens to pending transactions?  Are they
+** rolled back, or abandoned?</todo>
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12011} The [sqlite3_close()] interface destroys an [sqlite3] object
+**          allocated by a prior call to [sqlite3_open()],
+**          [sqlite3_open16()], or [sqlite3_open_v2()].
+**
+** {F12012} The [sqlite3_close()] function releases all memory used by the
+**          connection and closes all open files.
+**
+** {F12013} If the database connection contains
+**          [prepared statements] that have not been
+**          finalized by [sqlite3_finalize()], then [sqlite3_close()]
+**          returns [SQLITE_BUSY] and leaves the connection open.
+**
+** {F12014} Giving sqlite3_close() a NULL pointer is a harmless no-op.
+**
+** LIMITATIONS:
+**
+** {U12015} The parameter to [sqlite3_close()] must be an [sqlite3] object
+**          pointer previously obtained from [sqlite3_open()] or the 
+**          equivalent, or NULL.
+**
+** {U12016} The parameter to [sqlite3_close()] must not have been previously
+**          closed.
+*/
+int sqlite3_close(sqlite3 *);
+
+/*
+** The type for a callback function.
+** This is legacy and deprecated.  It is included for historical
+** compatibility and is not documented.
+*/
+typedef int (*sqlite3_callback)(void*,int,char**, char**);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: One-Step Query Execution Interface {F12100}
+**
+** The sqlite3_exec() interface is a convenient way of running
+** one or more SQL statements without a lot of C code.  The
+** SQL statements are passed in as the second parameter to
+** sqlite3_exec().  The statements are evaluated one by one
+** until either an error or an interrupt is encountered or
+** until they are all done.  The 3rd parameter is an optional
+** callback that is invoked once for each row of any query results
+** produced by the SQL statements.  The 5th parameter tells where
+** to write any error messages.
+**
+** The sqlite3_exec() interface is implemented in terms of
+** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()].
+** The sqlite3_exec() routine does nothing that cannot be done
+** by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()], [sqlite3_step()], and [sqlite3_finalize()].
+** The sqlite3_exec() is just a convenient wrapper.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+** 
+** {F12101} The [sqlite3_exec()] interface evaluates zero or more UTF-8
+**          encoded, semicolon-separated, SQL statements in the
+**          zero-terminated string of its 2nd parameter within the
+**          context of the [sqlite3] object given in the 1st parameter.
+**
+** {F12104} The return value of [sqlite3_exec()] is SQLITE_OK if all
+**          SQL statements run successfully.
+**
+** {F12105} The return value of [sqlite3_exec()] is an appropriate 
+**          non-zero error code if any SQL statement fails.
+**
+** {F12107} If one or more of the SQL statements handed to [sqlite3_exec()]
+**          return results and the 3rd parameter is not NULL, then
+**          the callback function specified by the 3rd parameter is
+**          invoked once for each row of result.
+**
+** {F12110} If the callback returns a non-zero value then [sqlite3_exec()]
+**          will aborted the SQL statement it is currently evaluating,
+**          skip all subsequent SQL statements, and return [SQLITE_ABORT].
+**          <todo>What happens to *errmsg here?  Does the result code for
+**          sqlite3_errcode() get set?</todo>
+**
+** {F12113} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine will pass its 4th parameter through
+**          as the 1st parameter of the callback.
+**
+** {F12116} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine sets the 2nd parameter of its
+**          callback to be the number of columns in the current row of
+**          result.
+**
+** {F12119} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine sets the 3rd parameter of its 
+**          callback to be an array of pointers to strings holding the
+**          values for each column in the current result set row as
+**          obtained from [sqlite3_column_text()].
+**
+** {F12122} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine sets the 4th parameter of its
+**          callback to be an array of pointers to strings holding the
+**          names of result columns as obtained from [sqlite3_column_name()].
+**
+** {F12125} If the 3rd parameter to [sqlite3_exec()] is NULL then
+**          [sqlite3_exec()] never invokes a callback.  All query
+**          results are silently discarded.
+**
+** {F12128} If an error occurs while parsing or evaluating any of the SQL
+**          statements handed to [sqlite3_exec()] then [sqlite3_exec()] will
+**          return an [error code] other than [SQLITE_OK].
+**
+** {F12131} If an error occurs while parsing or evaluating any of the SQL
+**          handed to [sqlite3_exec()] and if the 5th parameter (errmsg)
+**          to [sqlite3_exec()] is not NULL, then an error message is
+**          allocated using the equivalent of [sqlite3_mprintf()] and
+**          *errmsg is made to point to that message.
+**
+** {F12134} The [sqlite3_exec()] routine does not change the value of
+**          *errmsg if errmsg is NULL or if there are no errors.
+**
+** {F12137} The [sqlite3_exec()] function sets the error code and message
+**          accessible via [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], and
+**          [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
+**
+** LIMITATIONS:
+**
+** {U12141} The first parameter to [sqlite3_exec()] must be an valid and open
+**          [database connection].
+**
+** {U12142} The database connection must not be closed while
+**          [sqlite3_exec()] is running.
+** 
+** {U12143} The calling function is should use [sqlite3_free()] to free
+**          the memory that *errmsg is left pointing at once the error
+**          message is no longer needed.
+**
+** {U12145} The SQL statement text in the 2nd parameter to [sqlite3_exec()]
+**          must remain unchanged while [sqlite3_exec()] is running.
+*/
+int sqlite3_exec(
+  sqlite3*,                                  /* An open database */
+  const char *sql,                           /* SQL to be evaluted */
+  int (*callback)(void*,int,char**,char**),  /* Callback function */
+  void *,                                    /* 1st argument to callback */
+  char **errmsg                              /* Error msg written here */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Result Codes {F10210}
+** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_OK {error code} {error codes}
+**
+** Many SQLite functions return an integer result code from the set shown
+** here in order to indicates success or failure.
+**
+** See also: [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended result codes]
+*/
+#define SQLITE_OK           0   /* Successful result */
+/* beginning-of-error-codes */
+#define SQLITE_ERROR        1   /* SQL error or missing database */
+#define SQLITE_INTERNAL     2   /* Internal logic error in SQLite */
+#define SQLITE_PERM         3   /* Access permission denied */
+#define SQLITE_ABORT        4   /* Callback routine requested an abort */
+#define SQLITE_BUSY         5   /* The database file is locked */
+#define SQLITE_LOCKED       6   /* A table in the database is locked */
+#define SQLITE_NOMEM        7   /* A malloc() failed */
+#define SQLITE_READONLY     8   /* Attempt to write a readonly database */
+#define SQLITE_INTERRUPT    9   /* Operation terminated by sqlite3_interrupt()*/
+#define SQLITE_IOERR       10   /* Some kind of disk I/O error occurred */
+#define SQLITE_CORRUPT     11   /* The database disk image is malformed */
+#define SQLITE_NOTFOUND    12   /* NOT USED. Table or record not found */
+#define SQLITE_FULL        13   /* Insertion failed because database is full */
+#define SQLITE_CANTOPEN    14   /* Unable to open the database file */
+#define SQLITE_PROTOCOL    15   /* NOT USED. Database lock protocol error */
+#define SQLITE_EMPTY       16   /* Database is empty */
+#define SQLITE_SCHEMA      17   /* The database schema changed */
+#define SQLITE_TOOBIG      18   /* String or BLOB exceeds size limit */
+#define SQLITE_CONSTRAINT  19   /* Abort due to constraint violation */
+#define SQLITE_MISMATCH    20   /* Data type mismatch */
+#define SQLITE_MISUSE      21   /* Library used incorrectly */
+#define SQLITE_NOLFS       22   /* Uses OS features not supported on host */
+#define SQLITE_AUTH        23   /* Authorization denied */
+#define SQLITE_FORMAT      24   /* Auxiliary database format error */
+#define SQLITE_RANGE       25   /* 2nd parameter to sqlite3_bind out of range */
+#define SQLITE_NOTADB      26   /* File opened that is not a database file */
+#define SQLITE_ROW         100  /* sqlite3_step() has another row ready */
+#define SQLITE_DONE        101  /* sqlite3_step() has finished executing */
+/* end-of-error-codes */
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Extended Result Codes {F10220}
+** KEYWORDS: {extended error code} {extended error codes}
+** KEYWORDS: {extended result codes}
+**
+** In its default configuration, SQLite API routines return one of 26 integer
+** [SQLITE_OK | result codes].  However, experience has shown that
+** many of these result codes are too course-grained.  They do not provide as
+** much information about problems as programmers might like.  In an effort to
+** address this, newer versions of SQLite (version 3.3.8 and later) include
+** support for additional result codes that provide more detailed information
+** about errors. The extended result codes are enabled or disabled
+** for each database connection using the [sqlite3_extended_result_codes()]
+** API.
+** 
+** Some of the available extended result codes are listed here.
+** One may expect the number of extended result codes will be expand
+** over time.  Software that uses extended result codes should expect
+** to see new result codes in future releases of SQLite.
+**
+** The SQLITE_OK result code will never be extended.  It will always
+** be exactly zero.
+** 
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F10223} The symbolic name for an extended result code always contains
+**          a related primary result code as a prefix.
+**
+** {F10224} Primary result code names contain a single "_" character.
+**
+** {F10225} Extended result code names contain two or more "_" characters.
+**
+** {F10226} The numeric value of an extended result code contains the
+**          numeric value of its corresponding primary result code in
+**          its least significant 8 bits.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_READ          (SQLITE_IOERR | (1<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_SHORT_READ    (SQLITE_IOERR | (2<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_WRITE         (SQLITE_IOERR | (3<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSYNC         (SQLITE_IOERR | (4<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_DIR_FSYNC     (SQLITE_IOERR | (5<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_TRUNCATE      (SQLITE_IOERR | (6<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_FSTAT         (SQLITE_IOERR | (7<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_UNLOCK        (SQLITE_IOERR | (8<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_RDLOCK        (SQLITE_IOERR | (9<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_DELETE        (SQLITE_IOERR | (10<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED       (SQLITE_IOERR | (11<<8))
+#define SQLITE_IOERR_NOMEM         (SQLITE_IOERR | (12<<8))
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Flags For File Open Operations {F10230}
+**
+** These bit values are intended for use in the
+** 3rd parameter to the [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface and
+** in the 4th parameter to the xOpen method of the
+** [sqlite3_vfs] object.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY         0x00000001
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE        0x00000002
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE           0x00000004
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE    0x00000008
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE        0x00000010
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB          0x00000100
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB          0x00000200
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB     0x00000400
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL     0x00000800
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL     0x00001000
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL       0x00002000
+#define SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL   0x00004000
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Device Characteristics {F10240}
+**
+** The xDeviceCapabilities method of the [sqlite3_io_methods]
+** object returns an integer which is a vector of the these
+** bit values expressing I/O characteristics of the mass storage
+** device that holds the file that the [sqlite3_io_methods]
+** refers to.
+**
+** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
+** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
+** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
+** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
+** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
+** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
+** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
+** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
+** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
+** to xWrite().
+*/
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC          0x00000001
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512       0x00000002
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K        0x00000004
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K        0x00000008
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K        0x00000010
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K        0x00000020
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K       0x00000040
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K       0x00000080
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K       0x00000100
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND     0x00000200
+#define SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL      0x00000400
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: File Locking Levels {F10250}
+**
+** SQLite uses one of these integer values as the second
+** argument to calls it makes to the xLock() and xUnlock() methods
+** of an [sqlite3_io_methods] object.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_LOCK_NONE          0
+#define SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED        1
+#define SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED      2
+#define SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING       3
+#define SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE     4
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Synchronization Type Flags {F10260}
+**
+** When SQLite invokes the xSync() method of an
+** [sqlite3_io_methods] object it uses a combination of
+** these integer values as the second argument.
+**
+** When the SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY flag is used, it means that the
+** sync operation only needs to flush data to mass storage.  Inode
+** information need not be flushed. The SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL flag means 
+** to use normal fsync() semantics. The SQLITE_SYNC_FULL flag means 
+** to use Mac OS-X style fullsync instead of fsync().
+*/
+#define SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL        0x00002
+#define SQLITE_SYNC_FULL          0x00003
+#define SQLITE_SYNC_DATAONLY      0x00010
+
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Open File Handle {F11110}
+**
+** An [sqlite3_file] object represents an open file in the OS
+** interface layer.  Individual OS interface implementations will
+** want to subclass this object by appending additional fields
+** for their own use.  The pMethods entry is a pointer to an
+** [sqlite3_io_methods] object that defines methods for performing
+** I/O operations on the open file.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_file sqlite3_file;
+struct sqlite3_file {
+  const struct sqlite3_io_methods *pMethods;  /* Methods for an open file */
+};
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: OS Interface File Virtual Methods Object {F11120}
+**
+** Every file opened by the [sqlite3_vfs] xOpen method contains a pointer to
+** an instance of this object.  This object defines the
+** methods used to perform various operations against the open file.
+**
+** The flags argument to xSync may be one of [SQLITE_SYNC_NORMAL] or
+** [SQLITE_SYNC_FULL].  The first choice is the normal fsync().
+*  The second choice is an
+** OS-X style fullsync.  The SQLITE_SYNC_DATA flag may be ORed in to
+** indicate that only the data of the file and not its inode needs to be
+** synced.
+** 
+** The integer values to xLock() and xUnlock() are one of
+** <ul>
+** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE],
+** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
+** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED],
+** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or
+** <li> [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE].
+** </ul>
+** xLock() increases the lock. xUnlock() decreases the lock.  
+** The xCheckReservedLock() method looks
+** to see if any database connection, either in this
+** process or in some other process, is holding an RESERVED,
+** PENDING, or EXCLUSIVE lock on the file.  It returns true
+** if such a lock exists and false if not.
+** 
+** The xFileControl() method is a generic interface that allows custom
+** VFS implementations to directly control an open file using the
+** [sqlite3_file_control()] interface.  The second "op" argument
+** is an integer opcode.   The third
+** argument is a generic pointer which is intended to be a pointer
+** to a structure that may contain arguments or space in which to
+** write return values.  Potential uses for xFileControl() might be
+** functions to enable blocking locks with timeouts, to change the
+** locking strategy (for example to use dot-file locks), to inquire
+** about the status of a lock, or to break stale locks.  The SQLite
+** core reserves opcodes less than 100 for its own use. 
+** A [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE | list of opcodes] less than 100 is available.
+** Applications that define a custom xFileControl method should use opcodes 
+** greater than 100 to avoid conflicts.
+**
+** The xSectorSize() method returns the sector size of the
+** device that underlies the file.  The sector size is the
+** minimum write that can be performed without disturbing
+** other bytes in the file.  The xDeviceCharacteristics()
+** method returns a bit vector describing behaviors of the
+** underlying device:
+**
+** <ul>
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC512]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC1K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC2K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC4K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC8K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC16K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC32K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC64K]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND]
+** <li> [SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL]
+** </ul>
+**
+** The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMIC property means that all writes of
+** any size are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_ATOMICnnn values
+** mean that writes of blocks that are nnn bytes in size and
+** are aligned to an address which is an integer multiple of
+** nnn are atomic.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SAFE_APPEND value means
+** that when data is appended to a file, the data is appended
+** first then the size of the file is extended, never the other
+** way around.  The SQLITE_IOCAP_SEQUENTIAL property means that
+** information is written to disk in the same order as calls
+** to xWrite().
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_io_methods sqlite3_io_methods;
+struct sqlite3_io_methods {
+  int iVersion;
+  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_file*);
+  int (*xRead)(sqlite3_file*, void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
+  int (*xWrite)(sqlite3_file*, const void*, int iAmt, sqlite3_int64 iOfst);
+  int (*xTruncate)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 size);
+  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_file*, int flags);
+  int (*xFileSize)(sqlite3_file*, sqlite3_int64 *pSize);
+  int (*xLock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
+  int (*xUnlock)(sqlite3_file*, int);
+  int (*xCheckReservedLock)(sqlite3_file*);
+  int (*xFileControl)(sqlite3_file*, int op, void *pArg);
+  int (*xSectorSize)(sqlite3_file*);
+  int (*xDeviceCharacteristics)(sqlite3_file*);
+  /* Additional methods may be added in future releases */
+};
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Standard File Control Opcodes {F11310}
+**
+** These integer constants are opcodes for the xFileControl method
+** of the [sqlite3_io_methods] object and to the [sqlite3_file_control()]
+** interface.
+**
+** The [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE] opcode is used for debugging.  This
+** opcode causes the xFileControl method to write the current state of
+** the lock (one of [SQLITE_LOCK_NONE], [SQLITE_LOCK_SHARED],
+** [SQLITE_LOCK_RESERVED], [SQLITE_LOCK_PENDING], or [SQLITE_LOCK_EXCLUSIVE])
+** into an integer that the pArg argument points to. This capability
+** is used during testing and only needs to be supported when SQLITE_TEST
+** is defined.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE        1
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Mutex Handle {F17110}
+**
+** The mutex module within SQLite defines [sqlite3_mutex] to be an
+** abstract type for a mutex object.  The SQLite core never looks
+** at the internal representation of an [sqlite3_mutex].  It only
+** deals with pointers to the [sqlite3_mutex] object.
+**
+** Mutexes are created using [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()].
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_mutex sqlite3_mutex;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: OS Interface Object {F11140}
+**
+** An instance of this object defines the interface between the
+** SQLite core and the underlying operating system.  The "vfs"
+** in the name of the object stands for "virtual file system".
+**
+** The iVersion field is initially 1 but may be larger for future
+** versions of SQLite.  Additional fields may be appended to this
+** object when the iVersion value is increased.
+**
+** The szOsFile field is the size of the subclassed [sqlite3_file]
+** structure used by this VFS.  mxPathname is the maximum length of
+** a pathname in this VFS.
+**
+** Registered sqlite3_vfs objects are kept on a linked list formed by
+** the pNext pointer.  The [sqlite3_vfs_register()]
+** and [sqlite3_vfs_unregister()] interfaces manage this list
+** in a thread-safe way.  The [sqlite3_vfs_find()] interface
+** searches the list.
+**
+** The pNext field is the only field in the sqlite3_vfs 
+** structure that SQLite will ever modify.  SQLite will only access
+** or modify this field while holding a particular static mutex.
+** The application should never modify anything within the sqlite3_vfs
+** object once the object has been registered.
+**
+** The zName field holds the name of the VFS module.  The name must
+** be unique across all VFS modules.
+**
+** {F11141} SQLite will guarantee that the zFilename string passed to
+** xOpen() is a full pathname as generated by xFullPathname() and
+** that the string will be valid and unchanged until xClose() is
+** called.  {END} So the [sqlite3_file] can store a pointer to the
+** filename if it needs to remember the filename for some reason.
+**
+** {F11142} The flags argument to xOpen() includes all bits set in
+** the flags argument to [sqlite3_open_v2()].  Or if [sqlite3_open()]
+** or [sqlite3_open16()] is used, then flags includes at least
+** [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]. {END}
+** If xOpen() opens a file read-only then it sets *pOutFlags to
+** include [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY].  Other bits in *pOutFlags may be
+** set.
+** 
+** {F11143} SQLite will also add one of the following flags to the xOpen()
+** call, depending on the object being opened:
+** 
+** <ul>
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_DB]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MAIN_JOURNAL]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_DB]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TEMP_JOURNAL]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_TRANSIENT_DB]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_SUBJOURNAL]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_MASTER_JOURNAL]
+** </ul> {END}
+**
+** The file I/O implementation can use the object type flags to
+** changes the way it deals with files.  For example, an application
+** that does not care about crash recovery or rollback might make
+** the open of a journal file a no-op.  Writes to this journal would
+** also be no-ops, and any attempt to read the journal would return 
+** SQLITE_IOERR.  Or the implementation might recognize that a database 
+** file will be doing page-aligned sector reads and writes in a random 
+** order and set up its I/O subsystem accordingly.
+** 
+** SQLite might also add one of the following flags to the xOpen
+** method:
+** 
+** <ul>
+** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
+** <li> [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE]
+** </ul>
+** 
+** {F11145} The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE] flag means the file should be
+** deleted when it is closed.  {F11146} The [SQLITE_OPEN_DELETEONCLOSE]
+** will be set for TEMP  databases, journals and for subjournals. 
+** {F11147} The [SQLITE_OPEN_EXCLUSIVE] flag means the file should be opened
+** for exclusive access.  This flag is set for all files except
+** for the main database file. {END}
+** 
+** {F11148} At least szOsFile bytes of memory are allocated by SQLite 
+** to hold the  [sqlite3_file] structure passed as the third 
+** argument to xOpen.  {END}  The xOpen method does not have to
+** allocate the structure; it should just fill it in.
+** 
+** {F11149} The flags argument to xAccess() may be [SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS] 
+** to test for the existance of a file,
+** or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE] to test to see
+** if a file is readable and writable, or [SQLITE_ACCESS_READ]
+** to test to see if a file is at least readable.  {END} The file can be a 
+** directory.
+** 
+** {F11150} SQLite will always allocate at least mxPathname+1 bytes for
+** the output buffers for xGetTempname and xFullPathname. {F11151} The exact
+** size of the output buffer is also passed as a parameter to both 
+** methods. {END} If the output buffer is not large enough, SQLITE_CANTOPEN
+** should be returned. As this is handled as a fatal error by SQLite,
+** vfs implementations should endeavor to prevent this by setting 
+** mxPathname to a sufficiently large value.
+** 
+** The xRandomness(), xSleep(), and xCurrentTime() interfaces
+** are not strictly a part of the filesystem, but they are
+** included in the VFS structure for completeness.
+** The xRandomness() function attempts to return nBytes bytes
+** of good-quality randomness into zOut.  The return value is
+** the actual number of bytes of randomness obtained.  The
+** xSleep() method causes the calling thread to sleep for at
+** least the number of microseconds given.  The xCurrentTime()
+** method returns a Julian Day Number for the current date and
+** time.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_vfs sqlite3_vfs;
+struct sqlite3_vfs {
+  int iVersion;            /* Structure version number */
+  int szOsFile;            /* Size of subclassed sqlite3_file */
+  int mxPathname;          /* Maximum file pathname length */
+  sqlite3_vfs *pNext;      /* Next registered VFS */
+  const char *zName;       /* Name of this virtual file system */
+  void *pAppData;          /* Pointer to application-specific data */
+  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, sqlite3_file*,
+               int flags, int *pOutFlags);
+  int (*xDelete)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int syncDir);
+  int (*xAccess)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int flags);
+  int (*xGetTempname)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nOut, char *zOut);
+  int (*xFullPathname)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zName, int nOut, char *zOut);
+  void *(*xDlOpen)(sqlite3_vfs*, const char *zFilename);
+  void (*xDlError)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zErrMsg);
+  void *(*xDlSym)(sqlite3_vfs*,void*, const char *zSymbol);
+  void (*xDlClose)(sqlite3_vfs*, void*);
+  int (*xRandomness)(sqlite3_vfs*, int nByte, char *zOut);
+  int (*xSleep)(sqlite3_vfs*, int microseconds);
+  int (*xCurrentTime)(sqlite3_vfs*, double*);
+  /* New fields may be appended in figure versions.  The iVersion
+  ** value will increment whenever this happens. */
+};
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Flags for the xAccess VFS method {F11190}
+**
+** {F11191} These integer constants can be used as the third parameter to
+** the xAccess method of an [sqlite3_vfs] object. {END}  They determine
+** what kind of permissions the xAccess method is
+** looking for.  {F11192} With SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS, the xAccess method
+** simply checks to see if the file exists. {F11193} With
+** SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE, the xAccess method checks to see
+** if the file is both readable and writable.  {F11194} With
+** SQLITE_ACCESS_READ the xAccess method
+** checks to see if the file is readable.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_ACCESS_EXISTS    0
+#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READWRITE 1
+#define SQLITE_ACCESS_READ      2
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Enable Or Disable Extended Result Codes {F12200}
+**
+** The sqlite3_extended_result_codes() routine enables or disables the
+** [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended result codes] feature of SQLite.
+** The extended result codes are disabled by default for historical
+** compatibility.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12201} Each new [database connection] has the 
+**          [extended result codes] feature
+**          disabled by default.
+**
+** {F12202} The [sqlite3_extended_result_codes(D,F)] interface will enable
+**          [extended result codes] for the 
+**          [database connection] D if the F parameter
+**          is true, or disable them if F is false.
+*/
+int sqlite3_extended_result_codes(sqlite3*, int onoff);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Last Insert Rowid {F12220}
+**
+** Each entry in an SQLite table has a unique 64-bit signed
+** integer key called the "rowid". The rowid is always available
+** as an undeclared column named ROWID, OID, or _ROWID_ as long as those
+** names are not also used by explicitly declared columns. If
+** the table has a column of type INTEGER PRIMARY KEY then that column
+** is another alias for the rowid.
+**
+** This routine returns the rowid of the most recent
+** successful INSERT into the database from the database connection
+** shown in the first argument.  If no successful inserts
+** have ever occurred on this database connection, zero is returned.
+**
+** If an INSERT occurs within a trigger, then the rowid of the
+** inserted row is returned by this routine as long as the trigger
+** is running.  But once the trigger terminates, the value returned
+** by this routine reverts to the last value inserted before the
+** trigger fired.
+**
+** An INSERT that fails due to a constraint violation is not a
+** successful insert and does not change the value returned by this
+** routine.  Thus INSERT OR FAIL, INSERT OR IGNORE, INSERT OR ROLLBACK,
+** and INSERT OR ABORT make no changes to the return value of this
+** routine when their insertion fails.  When INSERT OR REPLACE 
+** encounters a constraint violation, it does not fail.  The
+** INSERT continues to completion after deleting rows that caused
+** the constraint problem so INSERT OR REPLACE will always change
+** the return value of this interface. 
+**
+** For the purposes of this routine, an insert is considered to
+** be successful even if it is subsequently rolled back.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12221} The [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] function returns the
+**          rowid of the most recent successful insert done
+**          on the same database connection and within the same
+**          trigger context, or zero if there have
+**          been no qualifying inserts on that connection.
+**
+** {F12223} The [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] function returns
+**          same value when called from the same trigger context
+**          immediately before and after a ROLLBACK.
+**
+** LIMITATIONS:
+**
+** {U12232} If a separate thread does a new insert on the same
+**          database connection while the [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()]
+**          function is running and thus changes the last insert rowid,
+**          then the value returned by [sqlite3_last_insert_rowid()] is
+**          unpredictable and might not equal either the old or the new
+**          last insert rowid.
+*/
+sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(sqlite3*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Count The Number Of Rows Modified {F12240}
+**
+** This function returns the number of database rows that were changed
+** or inserted or deleted by the most recently completed SQL statement
+** on the connection specified by the first parameter.  Only
+** changes that are directly specified by the INSERT, UPDATE, or
+** DELETE statement are counted.  Auxiliary changes caused by
+** triggers are not counted. Use the [sqlite3_total_changes()] function
+** to find the total number of changes including changes caused by triggers.
+**
+** A "row change" is a change to a single row of a single table
+** caused by an INSERT, DELETE, or UPDATE statement.  Rows that
+** are changed as side effects of REPLACE constraint resolution,
+** rollback, ABORT processing, DROP TABLE, or by any other
+** mechanisms do not count as direct row changes.
+**
+** A "trigger context" is a scope of execution that begins and
+** ends with the script of a trigger.  Most SQL statements are
+** evaluated outside of any trigger.  This is the "top level"
+** trigger context.  If a trigger fires from the top level, a
+** new trigger context is entered for the duration of that one
+** trigger.  Subtriggers create subcontexts for their duration.
+**
+** Calling [sqlite3_exec()] or [sqlite3_step()] recursively does
+** not create a new trigger context.
+**
+** This function returns the number of direct row changes in the
+** most recent INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE statement within the same
+** trigger context.
+**
+** So when called from the top level, this function returns the
+** number of changes in the most recent INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
+** that also occurred at the top level.
+** Within the body of a trigger, the sqlite3_changes() interface
+** can be called to find the number of
+** changes in the most recently completed INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE
+** statement within the body of the same trigger.
+** However, the number returned does not include in changes
+** caused by subtriggers since they have their own context.
+**
+** SQLite implements the command "DELETE FROM table" without
+** a WHERE clause by dropping and recreating the table.  (This is much
+** faster than going through and deleting individual elements from the
+** table.)  Because of this optimization, the deletions in
+** "DELETE FROM table" are not row changes and will not be counted
+** by the sqlite3_changes() or [sqlite3_total_changes()] functions.
+** To get an accurate count of the number of rows deleted, use
+** "DELETE FROM table WHERE 1" instead.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12241} The [sqlite3_changes()] function returns the number of
+**          row changes caused by the most recent INSERT, UPDATE,
+**          or DELETE statement on the same database connection and
+**          within the same trigger context, or zero if there have
+**          not been any qualifying row changes.
+**
+** LIMITATIONS:
+**
+** {U12252} If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
+**          while [sqlite3_changes()] is running then the value returned
+**          is unpredictable and unmeaningful.
+*/
+int sqlite3_changes(sqlite3*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Total Number Of Rows Modified {F12260}
+***
+** This function returns the number of row changes caused
+** by INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statements since the database handle
+** was opened.  The count includes all changes from all trigger
+** contexts.  But the count does not include changes used to
+** implement REPLACE constraints, do rollbacks or ABORT processing,
+** or DROP table processing.
+** The changes
+** are counted as soon as the statement that makes them is completed 
+** (when the statement handle is passed to [sqlite3_reset()] or 
+** [sqlite3_finalize()]).
+**
+** SQLite implements the command "DELETE FROM table" without
+** a WHERE clause by dropping and recreating the table.  (This is much
+** faster than going
+** through and deleting individual elements from the table.)  Because of
+** this optimization, the change count for "DELETE FROM table" will be
+** zero regardless of the number of elements that were originally in the
+** table. To get an accurate count of the number of rows deleted, use
+** "DELETE FROM table WHERE 1" instead.
+**
+** See also the [sqlite3_changes()] interface.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+** 
+** {F12261} The [sqlite3_total_changes()] returns the total number
+**          of row changes caused by INSERT, UPDATE, and/or DELETE
+**          statements on the same [database connection], in any
+**          trigger context, since the database connection was
+**          created.
+**
+** LIMITATIONS:
+**
+** {U12264} If a separate thread makes changes on the same database connection
+**          while [sqlite3_total_changes()] is running then the value 
+**          returned is unpredictable and unmeaningful.
+*/
+int sqlite3_total_changes(sqlite3*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Interrupt A Long-Running Query {F12270}
+**
+** This function causes any pending database operation to abort and
+** return at its earliest opportunity. This routine is typically
+** called in response to a user action such as pressing "Cancel"
+** or Ctrl-C where the user wants a long query operation to halt
+** immediately.
+**
+** It is safe to call this routine from a thread different from the
+** thread that is currently running the database operation.  But it
+** is not safe to call this routine with a database connection that
+** is closed or might close before sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
+**
+** If an SQL is very nearly finished at the time when sqlite3_interrupt()
+** is called, then it might not have an opportunity to be interrupted.
+** It might continue to completion.
+** An SQL operation that is interrupted will return
+** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].  If the interrupted SQL operation is an
+** INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE that is inside an explicit transaction, 
+** then the entire transaction will be rolled back automatically.
+** A call to sqlite3_interrupt() has no effect on SQL statements
+** that are started after sqlite3_interrupt() returns.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12271} The [sqlite3_interrupt()] interface will force all running
+**          SQL statements associated with the same database connection
+**          to halt after processing at most one additional row of
+**          data.
+**
+** {F12272} Any SQL statement that is interrupted by [sqlite3_interrupt()]
+**          will return [SQLITE_INTERRUPT].
+**
+** LIMITATIONS:
+**
+** {U12279} If the database connection closes while [sqlite3_interrupt()]
+**          is running then bad things will likely happen.
+*/
+void sqlite3_interrupt(sqlite3*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Determine If An SQL Statement Is Complete {F10510}
+**
+** These routines are useful for command-line input to determine if the
+** currently entered text seems to form complete a SQL statement or
+** if additional input is needed before sending the text into
+** SQLite for parsing.  These routines return true if the input string
+** appears to be a complete SQL statement.  A statement is judged to be
+** complete if it ends with a semicolon token and is not a fragment of a
+** CREATE TRIGGER statement.  Semicolons that are embedded within
+** string literals or quoted identifier names or comments are not
+** independent tokens (they are part of the token in which they are
+** embedded) and thus do not count as a statement terminator.
+**
+** These routines do not parse the SQL and
+** so will not detect syntactically incorrect SQL.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F10511} The sqlite3_complete() and sqlite3_complete16() functions
+**          return true (non-zero) if and only if the last
+**          non-whitespace token in their input is a semicolon that
+**          is not in between the BEGIN and END of a CREATE TRIGGER
+**          statement.
+**
+** LIMITATIONS:
+**
+** {U10512} The input to sqlite3_complete() must be a zero-terminated
+**          UTF-8 string.
+**
+** {U10513} The input to sqlite3_complete16() must be a zero-terminated
+**          UTF-16 string in native byte order.
+*/
+int sqlite3_complete(const char *sql);
+int sqlite3_complete16(const void *sql);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Register A Callback To Handle SQLITE_BUSY Errors {F12310}
+**
+** This routine identifies a callback function that might be
+** invoked whenever an attempt is made to open a database table 
+** that another thread or process has locked.
+** If the busy callback is NULL, then [SQLITE_BUSY]
+** or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED]
+** is returned immediately upon encountering the lock.
+** If the busy callback is not NULL, then the
+** callback will be invoked with two arguments.  The
+** first argument to the handler is a copy of the void* pointer which
+** is the third argument to this routine.  The second argument to
+** the handler is the number of times that the busy handler has
+** been invoked for this locking event.   If the
+** busy callback returns 0, then no additional attempts are made to
+** access the database and [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED] is returned.
+** If the callback returns non-zero, then another attempt
+** is made to open the database for reading and the cycle repeats.
+**
+** The presence of a busy handler does not guarantee that
+** it will be invoked when there is lock contention.
+** If SQLite determines that invoking the busy handler could result in
+** a deadlock, it will go ahead and return [SQLITE_BUSY] or
+** [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED] instead of invoking the
+** busy handler.
+** Consider a scenario where one process is holding a read lock that
+** it is trying to promote to a reserved lock and
+** a second process is holding a reserved lock that it is trying
+** to promote to an exclusive lock.  The first process cannot proceed
+** because it is blocked by the second and the second process cannot
+** proceed because it is blocked by the first.  If both processes
+** invoke the busy handlers, neither will make any progress.  Therefore,
+** SQLite returns [SQLITE_BUSY] for the first process, hoping that this
+** will induce the first process to release its read lock and allow
+** the second process to proceed.
+**
+** The default busy callback is NULL.
+**
+** The [SQLITE_BUSY] error is converted to [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED]
+** when SQLite is in the middle of a large transaction where all the
+** changes will not fit into the in-memory cache.  SQLite will
+** already hold a RESERVED lock on the database file, but it needs
+** to promote this lock to EXCLUSIVE so that it can spill cache
+** pages into the database file without harm to concurrent
+** readers.  If it is unable to promote the lock, then the in-memory
+** cache will be left in an inconsistent state and so the error
+** code is promoted from the relatively benign [SQLITE_BUSY] to
+** the more severe [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED].  This error code promotion
+** forces an automatic rollback of the changes.  See the
+** <a href="http://www.sqlite.org/cvstrac/wiki?p=CorruptionFollowingBusyError">
+** CorruptionFollowingBusyError</a> wiki page for a discussion of why
+** this is important.
+**	
+** There can only be a single busy handler defined for each database
+** connection.  Setting a new busy handler clears any previous one. 
+** Note that calling [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] will also set or clear
+** the busy handler.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12311} The [sqlite3_busy_handler()] function replaces the busy handler
+**          callback in the database connection identified by the 1st
+**          parameter with a new busy handler identified by the 2nd and 3rd
+**          parameters.
+**
+** {F12312} The default busy handler for new database connections is NULL.
+**
+** {F12314} When two or more database connection share a common cache,
+**          the busy handler for the database connection currently using
+**          the cache is invoked when the cache encounters a lock.
+**
+** {F12316} If a busy handler callback returns zero, then the SQLite
+**          interface that provoked the locking event will return
+**          [SQLITE_BUSY].
+**
+** {F12318} SQLite will invokes the busy handler with two argument which
+**          are a copy of the pointer supplied by the 3rd parameter to
+**          [sqlite3_busy_handler()] and a count of the number of prior
+**          invocations of the busy handler for the same locking event.
+**
+** LIMITATIONS:
+**
+** {U12319} A busy handler should not call close the database connection
+**          or prepared statement that invoked the busy handler.
+*/
+int sqlite3_busy_handler(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*,int), void*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Set A Busy Timeout {F12340}
+**
+** This routine sets a [sqlite3_busy_handler | busy handler]
+** that sleeps for a while when a
+** table is locked.  The handler will sleep multiple times until 
+** at least "ms" milliseconds of sleeping have been done. {F12343} After
+** "ms" milliseconds of sleeping, the handler returns 0 which
+** causes [sqlite3_step()] to return [SQLITE_BUSY] or [SQLITE_IOERR_BLOCKED].
+**
+** Calling this routine with an argument less than or equal to zero
+** turns off all busy handlers.
+**
+** There can only be a single busy handler for a particular database
+** connection.  If another busy handler was defined  
+** (using [sqlite3_busy_handler()]) prior to calling
+** this routine, that other busy handler is cleared.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12341} The [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] function overrides any prior
+**          [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] or [sqlite3_busy_handler()] setting
+**          on the same database connection.
+**
+** {F12343} If the 2nd parameter to [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] is less than
+**          or equal to zero, then the busy handler is cleared so that
+**          all subsequent locking events immediately return [SQLITE_BUSY].
+**
+** {F12344} If the 2nd parameter to [sqlite3_busy_timeout()] is a positive
+**          number N, then a busy handler is set that repeatedly calls
+**          the xSleep() method in the VFS interface until either the
+**          lock clears or until the cumulative sleep time reported back
+**          by xSleep() exceeds N milliseconds.
+*/
+int sqlite3_busy_timeout(sqlite3*, int ms);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Convenience Routines For Running Queries {F12370}
+**
+** Definition: A <b>result table</b> is memory data structure created by the
+** [sqlite3_get_table()] interface.  A result table records the
+** complete query results from one or more queries.
+**
+** The table conceptually has a number of rows and columns.  But
+** these numbers are not part of the result table itself.  These
+** numbers are obtained separately.  Let N be the number of rows
+** and M be the number of columns.
+**
+** A result table is an array of pointers to zero-terminated
+** UTF-8 strings.  There are (N+1)*M elements in the array.  
+** The first M pointers point to zero-terminated strings that 
+** contain the names of the columns.
+** The remaining entries all point to query results.  NULL
+** values are give a NULL pointer.  All other values are in
+** their UTF-8 zero-terminated string representation as returned by
+** [sqlite3_column_text()].
+**
+** A result table might consists of one or more memory allocations.
+** It is not safe to pass a result table directly to [sqlite3_free()].
+** A result table should be deallocated using [sqlite3_free_table()].
+**
+** As an example of the result table format, suppose a query result
+** is as follows:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**        Name        | Age
+**        -----------------------
+**        Alice       | 43
+**        Bob         | 28
+**        Cindy       | 21
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** There are two column (M==2) and three rows (N==3).  Thus the
+** result table has 8 entries.  Suppose the result table is stored
+** in an array names azResult.  Then azResult holds this content:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**        azResult&#91;0] = "Name";
+**        azResult&#91;1] = "Age";
+**        azResult&#91;2] = "Alice";
+**        azResult&#91;3] = "43";
+**        azResult&#91;4] = "Bob";
+**        azResult&#91;5] = "28";
+**        azResult&#91;6] = "Cindy";
+**        azResult&#91;7] = "21";
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** The sqlite3_get_table() function evaluates one or more
+** semicolon-separated SQL statements in the zero-terminated UTF-8
+** string of its 2nd parameter.  It returns a result table to the
+** pointer given in its 3rd parameter.
+**
+** After the calling function has finished using the result, it should 
+** pass the pointer to the result table to sqlite3_free_table() in order to 
+** release the memory that was malloc-ed.  Because of the way the 
+** [sqlite3_malloc()] happens within sqlite3_get_table(), the calling
+** function must not try to call [sqlite3_free()] directly.  Only 
+** [sqlite3_free_table()] is able to release the memory properly and safely.
+**
+** The sqlite3_get_table() interface is implemented as a wrapper around
+** [sqlite3_exec()].  The sqlite3_get_table() routine does not have access
+** to any internal data structures of SQLite.  It uses only the public
+** interface defined here.  As a consequence, errors that occur in the
+** wrapper layer outside of the internal [sqlite3_exec()] call are not
+** reflected in subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] or
+** [sqlite3_errmsg()].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12371} If a [sqlite3_get_table()] fails a memory allocation, then
+**          it frees the result table under construction, aborts the
+**          query in process, skips any subsequent queries, sets the
+**          *resultp output pointer to NULL and returns [SQLITE_NOMEM].
+**
+** {F12373} If the ncolumn parameter to [sqlite3_get_table()] is not NULL
+**          then [sqlite3_get_table()] write the number of columns in the
+**          result set of the query into *ncolumn if the query is
+**          successful (if the function returns SQLITE_OK).
+**
+** {F12374} If the nrow parameter to [sqlite3_get_table()] is not NULL
+**          then [sqlite3_get_table()] write the number of rows in the
+**          result set of the query into *nrow if the query is
+**          successful (if the function returns SQLITE_OK).
+**
+** {F12376} The [sqlite3_get_table()] function sets its *ncolumn value
+**          to the number of columns in the result set of the query in the
+**          sql parameter, or to zero if the query in sql has an empty
+**          result set.
+*/
+int sqlite3_get_table(
+  sqlite3*,             /* An open database */
+  const char *sql,      /* SQL to be evaluated */
+  char ***pResult,      /* Results of the query */
+  int *nrow,            /* Number of result rows written here */
+  int *ncolumn,         /* Number of result columns written here */
+  char **errmsg         /* Error msg written here */
+);
+void sqlite3_free_table(char **result);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Formatted String Printing Functions {F17400}
+**
+** These routines are workalikes of the "printf()" family of functions
+** from the standard C library.
+**
+** The sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_vmprintf() routines write their
+** results into memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
+** The strings returned by these two routines should be
+** released by [sqlite3_free()].   Both routines return a
+** NULL pointer if [sqlite3_malloc()] is unable to allocate enough
+** memory to hold the resulting string.
+**
+** In sqlite3_snprintf() routine is similar to "snprintf()" from
+** the standard C library.  The result is written into the
+** buffer supplied as the second parameter whose size is given by
+** the first parameter. Note that the order of the
+** first two parameters is reversed from snprintf().  This is an
+** historical accident that cannot be fixed without breaking
+** backwards compatibility.  Note also that sqlite3_snprintf()
+** returns a pointer to its buffer instead of the number of
+** characters actually written into the buffer.  We admit that
+** the number of characters written would be a more useful return
+** value but we cannot change the implementation of sqlite3_snprintf()
+** now without breaking compatibility.
+**
+** As long as the buffer size is greater than zero, sqlite3_snprintf()
+** guarantees that the buffer is always zero-terminated.  The first
+** parameter "n" is the total size of the buffer, including space for
+** the zero terminator.  So the longest string that can be completely
+** written will be n-1 characters.
+**
+** These routines all implement some additional formatting
+** options that are useful for constructing SQL statements.
+** All of the usual printf formatting options apply.  In addition, there
+** is are "%q", "%Q", and "%z" options.
+**
+** The %q option works like %s in that it substitutes a null-terminated
+** string from the argument list.  But %q also doubles every '\'' character.
+** %q is designed for use inside a string literal.  By doubling each '\''
+** character it escapes that character and allows it to be inserted into
+** the string.
+**
+** For example, so some string variable contains text as follows:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**  char *zText = "It's a happy day!";
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** One can use this text in an SQL statement as follows:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES('%q')", zText);
+**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
+**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** Because the %q format string is used, the '\'' character in zText
+** is escaped and the SQL generated is as follows:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It''s a happy day!')
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** This is correct.  Had we used %s instead of %q, the generated SQL
+** would have looked like this:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**  INSERT INTO table1 VALUES('It's a happy day!');
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** This second example is an SQL syntax error.  As a general rule you
+** should always use %q instead of %s when inserting text into a string 
+** literal.
+**
+** The %Q option works like %q except it also adds single quotes around
+** the outside of the total string.  Or if the parameter in the argument
+** list is a NULL pointer, %Q substitutes the text "NULL" (without single
+** quotes) in place of the %Q option. {END}  So, for example, one could say:
+**
+** <blockquote><pre>
+**  char *zSQL = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO table VALUES(%Q)", zText);
+**  sqlite3_exec(db, zSQL, 0, 0, 0);
+**  sqlite3_free(zSQL);
+** </pre></blockquote>
+**
+** The code above will render a correct SQL statement in the zSQL
+** variable even if the zText variable is a NULL pointer.
+**
+** The "%z" formatting option works exactly like "%s" with the
+** addition that after the string has been read and copied into
+** the result, [sqlite3_free()] is called on the input string. {END}
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F17403}  The [sqlite3_mprintf()] and [sqlite3_vmprintf()] interfaces
+**           return either pointers to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings held in
+**           memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()] or NULL pointers if
+**           a call to [sqlite3_malloc()] fails.
+**
+** {F17406}  The [sqlite3_snprintf()] interface writes a zero-terminated
+**           UTF-8 string into the buffer pointed to by the second parameter
+**           provided that the first parameter is greater than zero.
+**
+** {F17407}  The [sqlite3_snprintf()] interface does not writes slots of
+**           its output buffer (the second parameter) outside the range
+**           of 0 through N-1 (where N is the first parameter)
+**           regardless of the length of the string
+**           requested by the format specification.
+**   
+*/
+char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char*,...);
+char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char*, va_list);
+char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*, ...);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocation Subsystem {F17300}
+**
+** The SQLite core  uses these three routines for all of its own
+** internal memory allocation needs. "Core" in the previous sentence
+** does not include operating-system specific VFS implementation.  The
+** windows VFS uses native malloc and free for some operations.
+**
+** The sqlite3_malloc() routine returns a pointer to a block
+** of memory at least N bytes in length, where N is the parameter.
+** If sqlite3_malloc() is unable to obtain sufficient free
+** memory, it returns a NULL pointer.  If the parameter N to
+** sqlite3_malloc() is zero or negative then sqlite3_malloc() returns
+** a NULL pointer.
+**
+** Calling sqlite3_free() with a pointer previously returned
+** by sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_realloc() releases that memory so
+** that it might be reused.  The sqlite3_free() routine is
+** a no-op if is called with a NULL pointer.  Passing a NULL pointer
+** to sqlite3_free() is harmless.  After being freed, memory
+** should neither be read nor written.  Even reading previously freed
+** memory might result in a segmentation fault or other severe error.
+** Memory corruption, a segmentation fault, or other severe error
+** might result if sqlite3_free() is called with a non-NULL pointer that
+** was not obtained from sqlite3_malloc() or sqlite3_free().
+**
+** The sqlite3_realloc() interface attempts to resize a
+** prior memory allocation to be at least N bytes, where N is the
+** second parameter.  The memory allocation to be resized is the first
+** parameter.  If the first parameter to sqlite3_realloc()
+** is a NULL pointer then its behavior is identical to calling
+** sqlite3_malloc(N) where N is the second parameter to sqlite3_realloc().
+** If the second parameter to sqlite3_realloc() is zero or
+** negative then the behavior is exactly the same as calling
+** sqlite3_free(P) where P is the first parameter to sqlite3_realloc().
+** Sqlite3_realloc() returns a pointer to a memory allocation
+** of at least N bytes in size or NULL if sufficient memory is unavailable.
+** If M is the size of the prior allocation, then min(N,M) bytes
+** of the prior allocation are copied into the beginning of buffer returned
+** by sqlite3_realloc() and the prior allocation is freed.
+** If sqlite3_realloc() returns NULL, then the prior allocation
+** is not freed.
+**
+** The memory returned by sqlite3_malloc() and sqlite3_realloc()
+** is always aligned to at least an 8 byte boundary. {END}
+**
+** The default implementation
+** of the memory allocation subsystem uses the malloc(), realloc()
+** and free() provided by the standard C library. {F17382} However, if 
+** SQLite is compiled with the following C preprocessor macro
+**
+** <blockquote> SQLITE_MEMORY_SIZE=<i>NNN</i> </blockquote>
+**
+** where <i>NNN</i> is an integer, then SQLite create a static
+** array of at least <i>NNN</i> bytes in size and use that array
+** for all of its dynamic memory allocation needs. {END}  Additional
+** memory allocator options may be added in future releases.
+**
+** In SQLite version 3.5.0 and 3.5.1, it was possible to define
+** the SQLITE_OMIT_MEMORY_ALLOCATION which would cause the built-in
+** implementation of these routines to be omitted.  That capability
+** is no longer provided.  Only built-in memory allocators can be
+** used.
+**
+** The windows OS interface layer calls
+** the system malloc() and free() directly when converting
+** filenames between the UTF-8 encoding used by SQLite
+** and whatever filename encoding is used by the particular windows
+** installation.  Memory allocation errors are detected, but
+** they are reported back as [SQLITE_CANTOPEN] or
+** [SQLITE_IOERR] rather than [SQLITE_NOMEM].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F17303}  The [sqlite3_malloc(N)] interface returns either a pointer to 
+**           newly checked-out block of at least N bytes of memory
+**           that is 8-byte aligned, 
+**           or it returns NULL if it is unable to fulfill the request.
+**
+** {F17304}  The [sqlite3_malloc(N)] interface returns a NULL pointer if
+**           N is less than or equal to zero.
+**
+** {F17305}  The [sqlite3_free(P)] interface releases memory previously
+**           returned from [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()],
+**           making it available for reuse.
+**
+** {F17306}  A call to [sqlite3_free(NULL)] is a harmless no-op.
+**
+** {F17310}  A call to [sqlite3_realloc(0,N)] is equivalent to a call
+**           to [sqlite3_malloc(N)].
+**
+** {F17312}  A call to [sqlite3_realloc(P,0)] is equivalent to a call
+**           to [sqlite3_free(P)].
+**
+** {F17315}  The SQLite core uses [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_realloc()],
+**           and [sqlite3_free()] for all of its memory allocation and
+**           deallocation needs.
+**
+** {F17318}  The [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] interface returns either a pointer
+**           to a block of checked-out memory of at least N bytes in size
+**           that is 8-byte aligned, or a NULL pointer.
+**
+** {F17321}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns a non-NULL pointer, it first
+**           copies the first K bytes of content from P into the newly allocated
+**           where K is the lessor of N and the size of the buffer P.
+**
+** {F17322}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns a non-NULL pointer, it first
+**           releases the buffer P.
+**
+** {F17323}  When [sqlite3_realloc(P,N)] returns NULL, the buffer P is
+**           not modified or released.
+**
+** LIMITATIONS:
+**
+** {U17350}  The pointer arguments to [sqlite3_free()] and [sqlite3_realloc()]
+**           must be either NULL or else a pointer obtained from a prior
+**           invocation of [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that has
+**           not been released.
+**
+** {U17351}  The application must not read or write any part of 
+**           a block of memory after it has been released using
+**           [sqlite3_free()] or [sqlite3_realloc()].
+**
+*/
+void *sqlite3_malloc(int);
+void *sqlite3_realloc(void*, int);
+void sqlite3_free(void*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Memory Allocator Statistics {F17370}
+**
+** SQLite provides these two interfaces for reporting on the status
+** of the [sqlite3_malloc()], [sqlite3_free()], and [sqlite3_realloc()]
+** the memory allocation subsystem included within the SQLite.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F17371} The [sqlite3_memory_used()] routine returns the
+**          number of bytes of memory currently outstanding 
+**          (malloced but not freed).
+**
+** {F17373} The [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] routine returns the maximum
+**          value of [sqlite3_memory_used()] 
+**          since the highwater mark was last reset.
+**
+** {F17374} The values returned by [sqlite3_memory_used()] and
+**          [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] include any overhead
+**          added by SQLite in its implementation of [sqlite3_malloc()],
+**          but not overhead added by the any underlying system library
+**          routines that [sqlite3_malloc()] may call.
+** 
+** {F17375} The memory highwater mark is reset to the current value of
+**          [sqlite3_memory_used()] if and only if the parameter to
+**          [sqlite3_memory_highwater()] is true.  The value returned
+**          by [sqlite3_memory_highwater(1)] is the highwater mark
+**          prior to the reset.
+*/
+sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_used(void);
+sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_memory_highwater(int resetFlag);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Pseudo-Random Number Generator {F17390}
+**
+** SQLite contains a high-quality pseudo-random number generator (PRNG) used to
+** select random ROWIDs when inserting new records into a table that
+** already uses the largest possible ROWID.  The PRNG is also used for
+** the build-in random() and randomblob() SQL functions.  This interface allows
+** appliations to access the same PRNG for other purposes.
+**
+** A call to this routine stores N bytes of randomness into buffer P.
+**
+** The first time this routine is invoked (either internally or by
+** the application) the PRNG is seeded using randomness obtained
+** from the xRandomness method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
+** On all subsequent invocations, the pseudo-randomness is generated
+** internally and without recourse to the [sqlite3_vfs] xRandomness
+** method.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F17392} The [sqlite3_randomness(N,P)] interface writes N bytes of
+**          high-quality pseudo-randomness into buffer P.
+*/
+void sqlite3_randomness(int N, void *P);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Compile-Time Authorization Callbacks {F12500}
+**
+** This routine registers a authorizer callback with a particular
+** [database connection], supplied in the first argument.
+** The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are being compiled
+** by [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants [sqlite3_prepare_v2()],
+** [sqlite3_prepare16()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].  At various
+** points during the compilation process, as logic is being created
+** to perform various actions, the authorizer callback is invoked to
+** see if those actions are allowed.  The authorizer callback should
+** return [SQLITE_OK] to allow the action, [SQLITE_IGNORE] to disallow the
+** specific action but allow the SQL statement to continue to be
+** compiled, or [SQLITE_DENY] to cause the entire SQL statement to be
+** rejected with an error.   If the authorizer callback returns
+** any value other than [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY]
+** then [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered
+** the authorizer will fail with an error message.
+**
+** When the callback returns [SQLITE_OK], that means the operation
+** requested is ok.  When the callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
+** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that triggered the
+** authorizer will fail with an error message explaining that
+** access is denied.  If the authorizer code is [SQLITE_READ]
+** and the callback returns [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the
+** [prepared statement] statement is constructed to substitute
+** a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
+** been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.  The [SQLITE_IGNORE]
+** return can be used to deny an untrusted user access to individual
+** columns of a table.
+**
+** The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of
+** the third parameter to the sqlite3_set_authorizer() interface.
+** The second parameter to the callback is an integer 
+** [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies the particular action
+** to be authorized. The third through sixth
+** parameters to the callback are zero-terminated strings that contain 
+** additional details about the action to be authorized.
+**
+** An authorizer is used when [sqlite3_prepare | preparing]
+** SQL statements from an untrusted
+** source, to ensure that the SQL statements do not try to access data
+** that they are not allowed to see, or that they do not try to
+** execute malicious statements that damage the database.  For
+** example, an application may allow a user to enter arbitrary
+** SQL queries for evaluation by a database.  But the application does
+** not want the user to be able to make arbitrary changes to the
+** database.  An authorizer could then be put in place while the
+** user-entered SQL is being [sqlite3_prepare | prepared] that
+** disallows everything except [SELECT] statements.
+**
+** Applications that need to process SQL from untrusted sources
+** might also consider lowering resource limits using [sqlite3_limit()]
+** and limiting database size using the [max_page_count] [PRAGMA]
+** in addition to using an authorizer.
+**
+** Only a single authorizer can be in place on a database connection
+** at a time.  Each call to sqlite3_set_authorizer overrides the
+** previous call.  Disable the authorizer by installing a NULL callback.
+** The authorizer is disabled by default.
+**
+** Note that the authorizer callback is invoked only during 
+** [sqlite3_prepare()] or its variants.  Authorization is not
+** performed during statement evaluation in [sqlite3_step()].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12501} The [sqlite3_set_authorizer(D,...)] interface registers a
+**          authorizer callback with database connection D.
+**
+** {F12502} The authorizer callback is invoked as SQL statements are
+**          being compiled
+**
+** {F12503} If the authorizer callback returns any value other than
+**          [SQLITE_IGNORE], [SQLITE_OK], or [SQLITE_DENY] then
+**          the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that caused
+**          the authorizer callback to run shall fail with an
+**          [SQLITE_ERROR] error code and an appropriate error message.
+**
+** {F12504} When the authorizer callback returns [SQLITE_OK], the operation
+**          described is coded normally.
+**
+** {F12505} When the authorizer callback returns [SQLITE_DENY], the
+**          [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or equivalent call that caused the
+**          authorizer callback to run shall fail
+**          with an [SQLITE_ERROR] error code and an error message
+**          explaining that access is denied.
+**
+** {F12506} If the authorizer code (the 2nd parameter to the authorizer
+**          callback) is [SQLITE_READ] and the authorizer callback returns
+**          [SQLITE_IGNORE] then the prepared statement is constructed to
+**          insert a NULL value in place of the table column that would have
+**          been read if [SQLITE_OK] had been returned.
+**
+** {F12507} If the authorizer code (the 2nd parameter to the authorizer
+**          callback) is anything other than [SQLITE_READ], then
+**          a return of [SQLITE_IGNORE] has the same effect as [SQLITE_DENY]. 
+**
+** {F12510} The first parameter to the authorizer callback is a copy of
+**          the third parameter to the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface.
+**
+** {F12511} The second parameter to the callback is an integer 
+**          [SQLITE_COPY | action code] that specifies the particular action
+**          to be authorized.
+**
+** {F12512} The third through sixth parameters to the callback are
+**          zero-terminated strings that contain 
+**          additional details about the action to be authorized.
+**
+** {F12520} Each call to [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] overrides the
+**          any previously installed authorizer.
+**
+** {F12521} A NULL authorizer means that no authorization
+**          callback is invoked.
+**
+** {F12522} The default authorizer is NULL.
+*/
+int sqlite3_set_authorizer(
+  sqlite3*,
+  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*),
+  void *pUserData
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Return Codes {F12590}
+**
+** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback function] must
+** return either [SQLITE_OK] or one of these two constants in order
+** to signal SQLite whether or not the action is permitted.  See the
+** [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer documentation] for additional
+** information.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_DENY   1   /* Abort the SQL statement with an error */
+#define SQLITE_IGNORE 2   /* Don't allow access, but don't generate an error */
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Authorizer Action Codes {F12550}
+**
+** The [sqlite3_set_authorizer()] interface registers a callback function
+** that is invoked to authorizer certain SQL statement actions.  The
+** second parameter to the callback is an integer code that specifies
+** what action is being authorized.  These are the integer action codes that
+** the authorizer callback may be passed.
+**
+** These action code values signify what kind of operation is to be 
+** authorized.  The 3rd and 4th parameters to the authorization
+** callback function will be parameters or NULL depending on which of these
+** codes is used as the second parameter.  The 5th parameter to the
+** authorizer callback is the name of the database ("main", "temp", 
+** etc.) if applicable.  The 6th parameter to the authorizer callback
+** is the name of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
+** the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from 
+** top-level SQL code.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12551} The second parameter to an 
+**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback is always an integer
+**          [SQLITE_COPY | authorizer code] that specifies what action
+**          is being authorized.
+**
+** {F12552} The 3rd and 4th parameters to the 
+**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorization callback function]
+**          will be parameters or NULL depending on which 
+**          [SQLITE_COPY | authorizer code] is used as the second parameter.
+**
+** {F12553} The 5th parameter to the
+**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] is the name
+**          of the database (example: "main", "temp", etc.) if applicable.
+**
+** {F12554} The 6th parameter to the
+**          [sqlite3_set_authorizer | authorizer callback] is the name
+**          of the inner-most trigger or view that is responsible for
+**          the access attempt or NULL if this access attempt is directly from 
+**          top-level SQL code.
+*/
+/******************************************* 3rd ************ 4th ***********/
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_INDEX          1   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_TABLE          2   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_INDEX     3   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TABLE     4   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_TRIGGER   5   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_TEMP_VIEW      6   /* View Name       NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_TRIGGER        7   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_VIEW           8   /* View Name       NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_DELETE                9   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_INDEX           10   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_TABLE           11   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_INDEX      12   /* Index Name      Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TABLE      13   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_TRIGGER    14   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_TEMP_VIEW       15   /* View Name       NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_TRIGGER         16   /* Trigger Name    Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_VIEW            17   /* View Name       NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_INSERT               18   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_PRAGMA               19   /* Pragma Name     1st arg or NULL */
+#define SQLITE_READ                 20   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
+#define SQLITE_SELECT               21   /* NULL            NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_TRANSACTION          22   /* NULL            NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_UPDATE               23   /* Table Name      Column Name     */
+#define SQLITE_ATTACH               24   /* Filename        NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_DETACH               25   /* Database Name   NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_ALTER_TABLE          26   /* Database Name   Table Name      */
+#define SQLITE_REINDEX              27   /* Index Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_ANALYZE              28   /* Table Name      NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_CREATE_VTABLE        29   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
+#define SQLITE_DROP_VTABLE          30   /* Table Name      Module Name     */
+#define SQLITE_FUNCTION             31   /* Function Name   NULL            */
+#define SQLITE_COPY                  0   /* No longer used */
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Tracing And Profiling Functions {F12280}
+**
+** These routines register callback functions that can be used for
+** tracing and profiling the execution of SQL statements.
+**
+** The callback function registered by sqlite3_trace() is invoked at
+** various times when an SQL statement is being run by [sqlite3_step()].
+** The callback returns a UTF-8 rendering of the SQL statement text
+** as the statement first begins executing.  Additional callbacks occur
+** as each triggersubprogram is entered.  The callbacks for triggers
+** contain a UTF-8 SQL comment that identifies the trigger.
+** 
+** The callback function registered by sqlite3_profile() is invoked
+** as each SQL statement finishes.  The profile callback contains
+** the original statement text and an estimate of wall-clock time
+** of how long that statement took to run.
+**
+** The sqlite3_profile() API is currently considered experimental and
+** is subject to change or removal in a future release.
+**
+** The trigger reporting feature of the trace callback is considered
+** experimental and is subject to change or removal in future releases.
+** Future versions of SQLite might also add new trace callback 
+** invocations.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12281} The callback function registered by [sqlite3_trace()] is
+**          whenever an SQL statement first begins to execute and
+**          whenever a trigger subprogram first begins to run.
+**
+** {F12282} Each call to [sqlite3_trace()] overrides the previously
+**          registered trace callback.
+**
+** {F12283} A NULL trace callback disables tracing.
+**
+** {F12284} The first argument to the trace callback is a copy of
+**          the pointer which was the 3rd argument to [sqlite3_trace()].
+**
+** {F12285} The second argument to the trace callback is a
+**          zero-terminated UTF8 string containing the original text
+**          of the SQL statement as it was passed into [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
+**          or the equivalent, or an SQL comment indicating the beginning
+**          of a trigger subprogram.
+**
+** {F12287} The callback function registered by [sqlite3_profile()] is invoked
+**          as each SQL statement finishes.
+**
+** {F12288} The first parameter to the profile callback is a copy of
+**          the 3rd parameter to [sqlite3_profile()].
+**
+** {F12289} The second parameter to the profile callback is a
+**          zero-terminated UTF-8 string that contains the complete text of
+**          the SQL statement as it was processed by [sqlite3_prepare_v2()]
+**          or the equivalent.
+**
+** {F12290} The third parameter to the profile  callback is an estimate
+**          of the number of nanoseconds of wall-clock time required to
+**          run the SQL statement from start to finish.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_trace(sqlite3*, void(*xTrace)(void*,const char*), void*);
+void *sqlite3_profile(sqlite3*,
+   void(*xProfile)(void*,const char*,sqlite3_uint64), void*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Query Progress Callbacks {F12910}
+**
+** This routine configures a callback function - the
+** progress callback - that is invoked periodically during long
+** running calls to [sqlite3_exec()], [sqlite3_step()] and
+** [sqlite3_get_table()].   An example use for this 
+** interface is to keep a GUI updated during a large query.
+**
+** If the progress callback returns non-zero, the opertion is
+** interrupted.  This feature can be used to implement a
+** "Cancel" button on a GUI dialog box.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12911} The callback function registered by [sqlite3_progress_handler()]
+**          is invoked periodically during long running calls to
+**          [sqlite3_step()].
+**
+** {F12912} The progress callback is invoked once for every N virtual
+**          machine opcodes, where N is the second argument to 
+**          the [sqlite3_progress_handler()] call that registered
+**          the callback.  <todo>What if N is less than 1?</todo>
+**
+** {F12913} The progress callback itself is identified by the third
+**          argument to [sqlite3_progress_handler()].
+**
+** {F12914} The fourth argument [sqlite3_progress_handler()] is a
+***         void pointer passed to the progress callback
+**          function each time it is invoked.
+**
+** {F12915} If a call to [sqlite3_step()] results in fewer than
+**          N opcodes being executed,
+**          then the progress callback is never invoked. {END}
+** 
+** {F12916} Every call to [sqlite3_progress_handler()]
+**          overwrites any previously registere progress handler.
+**
+** {F12917} If the progress handler callback is NULL then no progress
+**          handler is invoked.
+**
+** {F12918} If the progress callback returns a result other than 0, then
+**          the behavior is a if [sqlite3_interrupt()] had been called.
+*/
+void sqlite3_progress_handler(sqlite3*, int, int(*)(void*), void*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Opening A New Database Connection {F12700}
+**
+** These routines open an SQLite database file whose name
+** is given by the filename argument.
+** The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8
+** for [sqlite3_open()] and [sqlite3_open_v2()] and as UTF-16
+** in the native byte order for [sqlite3_open16()].
+** An [sqlite3*] handle is usually returned in *ppDb, even
+** if an error occurs.  The only exception is if SQLite is unable
+** to allocate memory to hold the [sqlite3] object, a NULL will
+** be written into *ppDb instead of a pointer to the [sqlite3] object.
+** If the database is opened (and/or created)
+** successfully, then [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an
+** error code is returned.  The
+** [sqlite3_errmsg()] or [sqlite3_errmsg16()]  routines can be used to obtain
+** an English language description of the error.
+**
+** The default encoding for the database will be UTF-8 if
+** [sqlite3_open()] or [sqlite3_open_v2()] is called and
+** UTF-16 in the native byte order if [sqlite3_open16()] is used.
+**
+** Whether or not an error occurs when it is opened, resources
+** associated with the [sqlite3*] handle should be released by passing it
+** to [sqlite3_close()] when it is no longer required.
+**
+** The [sqlite3_open_v2()] interface works like [sqlite3_open()] 
+** except that it acccepts two additional parameters for additional control
+** over the new database connection.  The flags parameter can be
+** one of:
+**
+** <ol>
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]
+** <li>  [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] | [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE]
+** </ol>
+**
+** The first value opens the database read-only. 
+** If the database does not previously exist, an error is returned.
+** The second option opens
+** the database for reading and writing if possible, or reading only if
+** if the file is write protected.  In either case the database
+** must already exist or an error is returned.  The third option
+** opens the database for reading and writing and creates it if it does
+** not already exist.
+** The third options is behavior that is always used for [sqlite3_open()]
+** and [sqlite3_open16()].
+**
+** If the 3rd parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2()] is not one of the
+** combinations shown above then the behavior is undefined.
+**
+** If the filename is ":memory:", then an private
+** in-memory database is created for the connection.  This in-memory
+** database will vanish when the database connection is closed.  Future
+** version of SQLite might make use of additional special filenames
+** that begin with the ":" character.  It is recommended that 
+** when a database filename really does begin with
+** ":" that you prefix the filename with a pathname like "./" to
+** avoid ambiguity.
+**
+** If the filename is an empty string, then a private temporary
+** on-disk database will be created.  This private database will be
+** automatically deleted as soon as the database connection is closed.
+**
+** The fourth parameter to sqlite3_open_v2() is the name of the
+** [sqlite3_vfs] object that defines the operating system 
+** interface that the new database connection should use.  If the
+** fourth parameter is a NULL pointer then the default [sqlite3_vfs]
+** object is used.
+**
+** <b>Note to windows users:</b>  The encoding used for the filename argument
+** of [sqlite3_open()] and [sqlite3_open_v2()] must be UTF-8, not whatever
+** codepage is currently defined.  Filenames containing international
+** characters must be converted to UTF-8 prior to passing them into
+** [sqlite3_open()] or [sqlite3_open_v2()].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12701} The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
+**          [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces create a new
+**          [database connection] associated with
+**          the database file given in their first parameter.
+**
+** {F12702} The filename argument is interpreted as UTF-8
+**          for [sqlite3_open()] and [sqlite3_open_v2()] and as UTF-16
+**          in the native byte order for [sqlite3_open16()].
+**
+** {F12703} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], 
+**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()] writes a pointer to a new
+**          [database connection] into *ppDb.
+**
+** {F12704} The [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], and
+**          [sqlite3_open_v2()] interfaces return [SQLITE_OK] upon success,
+**          or an appropriate [error code] on failure.
+**
+** {F12706} The default text encoding for a new database created using
+**          [sqlite3_open()] or [sqlite3_open_v2()] will be UTF-8.
+**
+** {F12707} The default text encoding for a new database created using
+**          [sqlite3_open16()] will be UTF-16.
+**
+** {F12709} The [sqlite3_open(F,D)] interface is equivalent to
+**          [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,0)] where the G parameter is
+**          [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE]|[SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE].
+**
+** {F12711} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
+**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_READONLY] then the database is opened
+**          for reading only.
+**
+** {F12712} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
+**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE] then the database is opened
+**          reading and writing if possible, or for reading only if the
+**          file is write protected by the operating system.
+**
+** {F12713} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open(v2(F,D,G,V)] omits the
+**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] and the database does not
+**          previously exist, an error is returned.
+**
+** {F12714} If the G parameter to [sqlite3_open(v2(F,D,G,V)] contains the
+**          bit value [SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE] and the database does not
+**          previously exist, then an attempt is made to create and
+**          initialize the database.
+**
+** {F12717} If the filename argument to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()],
+**          or [sqlite3_open_v2()] is ":memory:", then an private,
+**          ephemeral, in-memory database is created for the connection.
+**          <todo>Is SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE required
+**          in sqlite3_open_v2()?</todo>
+**
+** {F12719} If the filename is NULL or an empty string, then a private,
+**          ephermeral on-disk database will be created.
+**          <todo>Is SQLITE_OPEN_CREATE|SQLITE_OPEN_READWRITE required
+**          in sqlite3_open_v2()?</todo>
+**
+** {F12721} The [database connection] created by 
+**          [sqlite3_open_v2(F,D,G,V)] will use the
+**          [sqlite3_vfs] object identified by the V parameter, or
+**          the default [sqlite3_vfs] object is V is a NULL pointer.
+*/
+int sqlite3_open(
+  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
+  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
+);
+int sqlite3_open16(
+  const void *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-16) */
+  sqlite3 **ppDb          /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
+);
+int sqlite3_open_v2(
+  const char *filename,   /* Database filename (UTF-8) */
+  sqlite3 **ppDb,         /* OUT: SQLite db handle */
+  int flags,              /* Flags */
+  const char *zVfs        /* Name of VFS module to use */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Error Codes And Messages {F12800}
+**
+** The sqlite3_errcode() interface returns the numeric
+** [SQLITE_OK | result code] or [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended result code]
+** for the most recent failed sqlite3_* API call associated
+** with [sqlite3] handle 'db'. If a prior API call failed but the
+** most recent API call succeeded, the return value from sqlite3_errcode()
+** is undefined.
+**
+** The sqlite3_errmsg() and sqlite3_errmsg16() return English-language
+** text that describes the error, as either UTF8 or UTF16 respectively.
+** Memory to hold the error message string is managed internally.
+** The application does not need to worry with freeing the result.
+** However, the error string might be overwritten or deallocated by
+** subsequent calls to other SQLite interface functions.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12801} The [sqlite3_errcode(D)] interface returns the numeric
+**          [SQLITE_OK | result code] or
+**          [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended result code]
+**          for the most recently failed interface call associated
+**          with [database connection] D.
+**
+** {F12803} The [sqlite3_errmsg(D)] and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)]
+**          interfaces return English-language text that describes
+**          the error in the mostly recently failed interface call,
+**          encoded as either UTF8 or UTF16 respectively.
+**
+** {F12807} The strings returned by [sqlite3_errmsg()] and [sqlite3_errmsg16()]
+**          are valid until the next SQLite interface call.
+**
+** {F12808} Calls to API routines that do not return an error code
+**          (example: [sqlite3_data_count()]) do not
+**          change the error code or message returned by
+**          [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], or [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
+**
+** {F12809} Interfaces that are not associated with a specific
+**          [database connection] (examples:
+**          [sqlite3_mprintf()] or [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache()]
+**          do not change the values returned by
+**          [sqlite3_errcode()], [sqlite3_errmsg()], or [sqlite3_errmsg16()].
+*/
+int sqlite3_errcode(sqlite3 *db);
+const char *sqlite3_errmsg(sqlite3*);
+const void *sqlite3_errmsg16(sqlite3*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: SQL Statement Object {F13000}
+** KEYWORDS: {prepared statement} {prepared statements}
+**
+** An instance of this object represent single SQL statements.  This
+** object is variously known as a "prepared statement" or a 
+** "compiled SQL statement" or simply as a "statement".
+** 
+** The life of a statement object goes something like this:
+**
+** <ol>
+** <li> Create the object using [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or a related
+**      function.
+** <li> Bind values to host parameters using
+**      [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_* interfaces].
+** <li> Run the SQL by calling [sqlite3_step()] one or more times.
+** <li> Reset the statement using [sqlite3_reset()] then go back
+**      to step 2.  Do this zero or more times.
+** <li> Destroy the object using [sqlite3_finalize()].
+** </ol>
+**
+** Refer to documentation on individual methods above for additional
+** information.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_stmt sqlite3_stmt;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Run-time Limits {F12760}
+**
+** This interface allows the size of various constructs to be limited
+** on a connection by connection basis.  The first parameter is the
+** [database connection] whose limit is to be set or queried.  The
+** second parameter is one of the [limit categories] that define a
+** class of constructs to be size limited.  The third parameter is the
+** new limit for that construct.  The function returns the old limit.
+**
+** If the new limit is a negative number, the limit is unchanged.
+** For the limit category of SQLITE_LIMIT_XYZ there is a hard upper
+** bound set by a compile-time C-preprocess macro named SQLITE_MAX_XYZ.
+** (The "_LIMIT_" in the name is changed to "_MAX_".)
+** Attempts to increase a limit above its hard upper bound are
+** silently truncated to the hard upper limit.
+**
+** Run time limits are intended for use in applications that manage
+** both their own internal database and also databases that are controlled
+** by untrusted external sources.  An example application might be a
+** webbrowser that has its own databases for storing history and
+** separate databases controlled by javascript applications downloaded
+** off the internet.  The internal databases can be given the
+** large, default limits.  Databases managed by external sources can
+** be given much smaller limits designed to prevent a denial of service
+** attach.  Developers might also want to use the [sqlite3_set_authorizer()]
+** interface to further control untrusted SQL.  The size of the database
+** created by an untrusted script can be contained using the
+** [max_page_count] [PRAGMA].
+**
+** This interface is currently considered experimental and is subject
+** to change or removal without prior notice.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12762} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] where V is
+**          positive changes the
+**          limit on the size of construct C in [database connection] D
+**          to the lessor of V and the hard upper bound on the size
+**          of C that is set at compile-time.
+**
+** {F12766} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] where V is negative
+**          leaves the state of [database connection] D unchanged.
+**
+** {F12769} A successful call to [sqlite3_limit(D,C,V)] returns the
+**          value of the limit on the size of construct C in
+**          in [database connection] D as it was prior to the call.
+*/
+int sqlite3_limit(sqlite3*, int id, int newVal);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Run-Time Limit Categories {F12790}
+** KEYWORDS: {limit category} {limit categories}
+** 
+** These constants define various aspects of a [database connection]
+** that can be limited in size by calls to [sqlite3_limit()].
+** The meanings of the various limits are as follows:
+**
+** <dl>
+** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH</dt>
+** <dd>The maximum size of any
+** string or blob or table row.<dd>
+**
+** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH</dt>
+** <dd>The maximum length of an SQL statement.</dd>
+**
+** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN</dt>
+** <dd>The maximum number of columns in a table definition or in the
+** result set of a SELECT or the maximum number of columns in an index
+** or in an ORDER BY or GROUP BY clause.</dd>
+**
+** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH</dt>
+** <dd>The maximum depth of the parse tree on any expression.</dd>
+**
+** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT</dt>
+** <dd>The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.</dd>
+**
+** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP</dt>
+** <dd>The maximum number of instructions in a virtual machine program
+** used to implement an SQL statement.</dd>
+**
+** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG</dt>
+** <dd>The maximum number of arguments on a function.</dd>
+**
+** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED</dt>
+** <dd>The maximum number of attached databases.</dd>
+**
+** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH</dt>
+** <dd>The maximum length of the pattern argument to the LIKE or
+** GLOB operators.</dd>
+**
+** <dt>SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER</dt>
+** <dd>The maximum number of variables in an SQL statement that can
+** be bound.</dd>
+** </dl>
+*/
+#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH                    0
+#define SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH                1
+#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN                    2
+#define SQLITE_LIMIT_EXPR_DEPTH                3
+#define SQLITE_LIMIT_COMPOUND_SELECT           4
+#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VDBE_OP                   5
+#define SQLITE_LIMIT_FUNCTION_ARG              6
+#define SQLITE_LIMIT_ATTACHED                  7
+#define SQLITE_LIMIT_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH       8
+#define SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER           9
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Compiling An SQL Statement {F13010}
+**
+** To execute an SQL query, it must first be compiled into a byte-code
+** program using one of these routines. 
+**
+** The first argument "db" is an [database connection] 
+** obtained from a prior call to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()]
+** or [sqlite3_open16()]. 
+** The second argument "zSql" is the statement to be compiled, encoded
+** as either UTF-8 or UTF-16.  The sqlite3_prepare() and sqlite3_prepare_v2()
+** interfaces uses UTF-8 and sqlite3_prepare16() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2()
+** use UTF-16. {END}
+**
+** If the nByte argument is less
+** than zero, then zSql is read up to the first zero terminator.
+** If nByte is non-negative, then it is the maximum number of 
+** bytes read from zSql.  When nByte is non-negative, the
+** zSql string ends at either the first '\000' or '\u0000' character or 
+** the nByte-th byte, whichever comes first. If the caller knows
+** that the supplied string is nul-terminated, then there is a small
+** performance advantage to be had by passing an nByte parameter that 
+** is equal to the number of bytes in the input string <i>including</i> 
+** the nul-terminator bytes.{END}
+**
+** *pzTail is made to point to the first byte past the end of the
+** first SQL statement in zSql.  These routines only compiles the first
+** statement in zSql, so *pzTail is left pointing to what remains
+** uncompiled.
+**
+** *ppStmt is left pointing to a compiled [prepared statement] that can be
+** executed using [sqlite3_step()].  Or if there is an error, *ppStmt is
+** set to NULL.  If the input text contains no SQL (if the input
+** is and empty string or a comment) then *ppStmt is set to NULL.
+** {U13018} The calling procedure is responsible for deleting the
+** compiled SQL statement
+** using [sqlite3_finalize()] after it has finished with it.
+**
+** On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned.  Otherwise an 
+** [error code] is returned.
+**
+** The sqlite3_prepare_v2() and sqlite3_prepare16_v2() interfaces are
+** recommended for all new programs. The two older interfaces are retained
+** for backwards compatibility, but their use is discouraged.
+** In the "v2" interfaces, the prepared statement
+** that is returned (the [sqlite3_stmt] object) contains a copy of the 
+** original SQL text. {END} This causes the [sqlite3_step()] interface to
+** behave a differently in two ways:
+**
+** <ol>
+** <li>
+** If the database schema changes, instead of returning [SQLITE_SCHEMA] as it
+** always used to do, [sqlite3_step()] will automatically recompile the SQL
+** statement and try to run it again.  If the schema has changed in
+** a way that makes the statement no longer valid, [sqlite3_step()] will still
+** return [SQLITE_SCHEMA].  But unlike the legacy behavior, 
+** [SQLITE_SCHEMA] is now a fatal error.  Calling
+** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] again will not make the
+** error go away.  Note: use [sqlite3_errmsg()] to find the text
+** of the parsing error that results in an [SQLITE_SCHEMA] return. {END}
+** </li>
+**
+** <li>
+** When an error occurs, 
+** [sqlite3_step()] will return one of the detailed 
+** [error codes] or [extended error codes]. 
+** The legacy behavior was that [sqlite3_step()] would only return a generic
+** [SQLITE_ERROR] result code and you would have to make a second call to
+** [sqlite3_reset()] in order to find the underlying cause of the problem.
+** With the "v2" prepare interfaces, the underlying reason for the error is
+** returned immediately.
+** </li>
+** </ol>
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13011} The [sqlite3_prepare(db,zSql,...)] and
+**          [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,...)] interfaces interpret the
+**          text in their zSql parameter as UTF-8.
+**
+** {F13012} The [sqlite3_prepare16(db,zSql,...)] and
+**          [sqlite3_prepare16_v2(db,zSql,...)] interfaces interpret the
+**          text in their zSql parameter as UTF-16 in the native byte order.
+**
+** {F13013} If the nByte argument to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,nByte,...)]
+**          and its variants is less than zero, then SQL text is
+**          read from zSql is read up to the first zero terminator.
+**
+** {F13014} If the nByte argument to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,nByte,...)]
+**          and its variants is non-negative, then at most nBytes bytes
+**          SQL text is read from zSql.
+**
+** {F13015} In [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,N,P,pzTail)] and its variants
+**          if the zSql input text contains more than one SQL statement
+**          and pzTail is not NULL, then *pzTail is made to point to the
+**          first byte past the end of the first SQL statement in zSql.
+**          <todo>What does *pzTail point to if there is one statement?</todo>
+**
+** {F13016} A successful call to [sqlite3_prepare_v2(db,zSql,N,ppStmt,...)]
+**          or one of its variants writes into *ppStmt a pointer to a new
+**          [prepared statement] or a pointer to NULL
+**          if zSql contains nothing other than whitespace or comments. 
+**
+** {F13019} The [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] interface and its variants return
+**          [SQLITE_OK] or an appropriate [error code] upon failure.
+**
+** {F13021} Before [sqlite3_prepare(db,zSql,nByte,ppStmt,pzTail)] or its
+**          variants returns an error (any value other than [SQLITE_OK])
+**          it first sets *ppStmt to NULL.
+*/
+int sqlite3_prepare(
+  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
+  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
+  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
+  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
+  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
+);
+int sqlite3_prepare_v2(
+  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
+  const char *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-8 encoded */
+  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
+  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
+  const char **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
+);
+int sqlite3_prepare16(
+  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
+  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
+  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
+  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
+  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
+);
+int sqlite3_prepare16_v2(
+  sqlite3 *db,            /* Database handle */
+  const void *zSql,       /* SQL statement, UTF-16 encoded */
+  int nByte,              /* Maximum length of zSql in bytes. */
+  sqlite3_stmt **ppStmt,  /* OUT: Statement handle */
+  const void **pzTail     /* OUT: Pointer to unused portion of zSql */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPIREF: Retrieving Statement SQL {F13100}
+**
+** This intereface can be used to retrieve a saved copy of the original
+** SQL text used to create a [prepared statement].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13101} If the [prepared statement] passed as 
+**          the an argument to [sqlite3_sql()] was compiled
+**          compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or
+**          [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()],
+**          then [sqlite3_sql()] function returns a pointer to a
+**          zero-terminated string containing a UTF-8 rendering
+**          of the original SQL statement.
+**
+** {F13102} If the [prepared statement] passed as 
+**          the an argument to [sqlite3_sql()] was compiled
+**          compiled using either [sqlite3_prepare()] or
+**          [sqlite3_prepare16()],
+**          then [sqlite3_sql()] function returns a NULL pointer.
+**
+** {F13103} The string returned by [sqlite3_sql(S)] is valid until the
+**          [prepared statement] S is deleted using [sqlite3_finalize(S)].
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_sql(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Dynamically Typed Value Object  {F15000}
+** KEYWORDS: {protected sqlite3_value} {unprotected sqlite3_value}
+**
+** SQLite uses the sqlite3_value object to represent all values
+** that can be stored in a database table.
+** SQLite uses dynamic typing for the values it stores.  
+** Values stored in sqlite3_value objects can be
+** be integers, floating point values, strings, BLOBs, or NULL.
+**
+** An sqlite3_value object may be either "protected" or "unprotected".
+** Some interfaces require a protected sqlite3_value.  Other interfaces
+** will accept either a protected or an unprotected sqlite3_value.
+** Every interface that accepts sqlite3_value arguments specifies 
+** whether or not it requires a protected sqlite3_value.
+**
+** The terms "protected" and "unprotected" refer to whether or not
+** a mutex is held.  A internal mutex is held for a protected
+** sqlite3_value object but no mutex is held for an unprotected
+** sqlite3_value object.  If SQLite is compiled to be single-threaded
+** (with SQLITE_THREADSAFE=0 and with [sqlite3_threadsafe()] returning 0)
+** then there is no distinction between
+** protected and unprotected sqlite3_value objects and they can be
+** used interchangable.  However, for maximum code portability it
+** is recommended that applications make the distinction between
+** between protected and unprotected sqlite3_value objects even if
+** they are single threaded.
+**
+** The sqlite3_value objects that are passed as parameters into the
+** implementation of application-defined SQL functions are protected.
+** The sqlite3_value object returned by
+** [sqlite3_column_value()] is unprotected.
+** Unprotected sqlite3_value objects may only be used with
+** [sqlite3_result_value()] and [sqlite3_bind_value()].  All other
+** interfaces that use sqlite3_value require protected sqlite3_value objects.
+*/
+typedef struct Mem sqlite3_value;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  SQL Function Context Object {F16001}
+**
+** The context in which an SQL function executes is stored in an
+** sqlite3_context object.  A pointer to an sqlite3_context
+** object is always first parameter to application-defined SQL functions.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_context sqlite3_context;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Binding Values To Prepared Statements {F13500}
+**
+** In the SQL strings input to [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and its
+** variants, literals may be replace by a parameter in one
+** of these forms:
+**
+** <ul>
+** <li>  ?
+** <li>  ?NNN
+** <li>  :VVV
+** <li>  @VVV
+** <li>  $VVV
+** </ul>
+**
+** In the parameter forms shown above NNN is an integer literal,
+** VVV alpha-numeric parameter name.
+** The values of these parameters (also called "host parameter names"
+** or "SQL parameters")
+** can be set using the sqlite3_bind_*() routines defined here.
+**
+** The first argument to the sqlite3_bind_*() routines always
+** is a pointer to the [sqlite3_stmt] object returned from
+** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants. The second
+** argument is the index of the parameter to be set. The
+** first parameter has an index of 1.  When the same named
+** parameter is used more than once, second and subsequent
+** occurrences have the same index as the first occurrence. 
+** The index for named parameters can be looked up using the
+** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()] API if desired.  The index
+** for "?NNN" parameters is the value of NNN.
+** The NNN value must be between 1 and the compile-time
+** parameter SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER (default value: 999).
+**
+** The third argument is the value to bind to the parameter.
+**
+** In those
+** routines that have a fourth argument, its value is the number of bytes
+** in the parameter.  To be clear: the value is the number of <u>bytes</u>
+** in the value, not the number of characters. 
+** If the fourth parameter is negative, the length of the string is
+** number of bytes up to the first zero terminator.
+**
+** The fifth argument to sqlite3_bind_blob(), sqlite3_bind_text(), and
+** sqlite3_bind_text16() is a destructor used to dispose of the BLOB or
+** string after SQLite has finished with it. If the fifth argument is
+** the special value [SQLITE_STATIC], then SQLite assumes that the
+** information is in static, unmanaged space and does not need to be freed.
+** If the fifth argument has the value [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], then
+** SQLite makes its own private copy of the data immediately, before
+** the sqlite3_bind_*() routine returns.
+**
+** The sqlite3_bind_zeroblob() routine binds a BLOB of length N that
+** is filled with zeros.  A zeroblob uses a fixed amount of memory
+** (just an integer to hold it size) while it is being processed.
+** Zeroblobs are intended to serve as place-holders for BLOBs whose
+** content is later written using 
+** [sqlite3_blob_open | increment BLOB I/O] routines. A negative
+** value for the zeroblob results in a zero-length BLOB.
+**
+** The sqlite3_bind_*() routines must be called after
+** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] (and its variants) or [sqlite3_reset()] and
+** before [sqlite3_step()].
+** Bindings are not cleared by the [sqlite3_reset()] routine.
+** Unbound parameters are interpreted as NULL.
+**
+** These routines return [SQLITE_OK] on success or an error code if
+** anything goes wrong.  [SQLITE_RANGE] is returned if the parameter
+** index is out of range.  [SQLITE_NOMEM] is returned if malloc fails.
+** [SQLITE_MISUSE] might be returned if these routines are called on a
+** virtual machine that is the wrong state or which has already been finalized.
+** Detection of misuse is unreliable.  Applications should not depend
+** on SQLITE_MISUSE returns.  SQLITE_MISUSE is intended to indicate a
+** a logic error in the application.  Future versions of SQLite might
+** panic rather than return SQLITE_MISUSE.
+**
+** See also: [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()],
+** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
+** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13506} The [sqlite3_prepare | SQL statement compiler] recognizes
+**          tokens of the forms "?", "?NNN", "$VVV", ":VVV", and "@VVV"
+**          as SQL parameters, where NNN is any sequence of one or more
+**          digits and where VVV is any sequence of one or more 
+**          alphanumeric characters or "::" optionally followed by
+**          a string containing no spaces and contained within parentheses.
+**
+** {F13509} The initial value of an SQL parameter is NULL.
+**
+** {F13512} The index of an "?" SQL parameter is one larger than the
+**          largest index of SQL parameter to the left, or 1 if
+**          the "?" is the leftmost SQL parameter.
+**
+** {F13515} The index of an "?NNN" SQL parameter is the integer NNN.
+**
+** {F13518} The index of an ":VVV", "$VVV", or "@VVV" SQL parameter is
+**          the same as the index of leftmost occurances of the same
+**          parameter, or one more than the largest index over all
+**          parameters to the left if this is the first occurrance
+**          of this parameter, or 1 if this is the leftmost parameter.
+**
+** {F13521} The [sqlite3_prepare | SQL statement compiler] fail with
+**          an [SQLITE_RANGE] error if the index of an SQL parameter
+**          is less than 1 or greater than SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER.
+**
+** {F13524} Calls to [sqlite3_bind_text | sqlite3_bind(S,N,V,...)]
+**          associate the value V with all SQL parameters having an
+**          index of N in the [prepared statement] S.
+**
+** {F13527} Calls to [sqlite3_bind_text | sqlite3_bind(S,N,...)]
+**          override prior calls with the same values of S and N.
+**
+** {F13530} Bindings established by [sqlite3_bind_text | sqlite3_bind(S,...)]
+**          persist across calls to [sqlite3_reset(S)].
+**
+** {F13533} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
+**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
+**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] SQLite binds the first L
+**          bytes of the blob or string pointed to by V, when L
+**          is non-negative.
+**
+** {F13536} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)] or
+**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] SQLite binds characters
+**          from V through the first zero character when L is negative.
+**
+** {F13539} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
+**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
+**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] when D is the special
+**          constant [SQLITE_STATIC], SQLite assumes that the value V
+**          is held in static unmanaged space that will not change
+**          during the lifetime of the binding.
+**
+** {F13542} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
+**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
+**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] when D is the special
+**          constant [SQLITE_TRANSIENT], the routine makes a 
+**          private copy of V value before it returns.
+**
+** {F13545} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_blob(S,N,V,L,D)],
+**          [sqlite3_bind_text(S,N,V,L,D)], or
+**          [sqlite3_bind_text16(S,N,V,L,D)] when D is a pointer to
+**          a function, SQLite invokes that function to destroy the
+**          V value after it has finished using the V value.
+**
+** {F13548} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(S,N,V,L)] the value bound
+**          is a blob of L bytes, or a zero-length blob if L is negative.
+**
+** {F13551} In calls to [sqlite3_bind_value(S,N,V)] the V argument may
+**          be either a [protected sqlite3_value] object or an
+**          [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.
+*/
+int sqlite3_bind_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int n, void(*)(void*));
+int sqlite3_bind_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int, double);
+int sqlite3_bind_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int);
+int sqlite3_bind_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int, sqlite3_int64);
+int sqlite3_bind_null(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
+int sqlite3_bind_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const char*, int n, void(*)(void*));
+int sqlite3_bind_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
+int sqlite3_bind_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int, const sqlite3_value*);
+int sqlite3_bind_zeroblob(sqlite3_stmt*, int, int n);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Number Of SQL Parameters {F13600}
+**
+** This routine can be used to find the number of SQL parameters
+** in a prepared statement.  SQL parameters are tokens of the
+** form "?", "?NNN", ":AAA", "$AAA", or "@AAA" that serve as
+** place-holders for values that are [sqlite3_bind_blob | bound]
+** to the parameters at a later time.
+**
+** This routine actually returns the index of the largest parameter.
+** For all forms except ?NNN, this will correspond to the number of
+** unique parameters.  If parameters of the ?NNN are used, there may
+** be gaps in the list.
+**
+** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
+** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name()], and
+** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13601} The [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(S)] interface returns
+**          the largest index of all SQL parameters in the
+**          [prepared statement] S, or 0 if S
+**          contains no SQL parameters.
+*/
+int sqlite3_bind_parameter_count(sqlite3_stmt*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Name Of A Host Parameter {F13620}
+**
+** This routine returns a pointer to the name of the n-th
+** SQL parameter in a [prepared statement].
+** SQL parameters of the form "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
+** have a name which is the string "?NNN" or ":AAA" or "@AAA" or "$AAA"
+** respectively.
+** In other words, the initial ":" or "$" or "@" or "?"
+** is included as part of the name.
+** Parameters of the form "?" without a following integer have no name.
+**
+** The first host parameter has an index of 1, not 0.
+**
+** If the value n is out of range or if the n-th parameter is
+** nameless, then NULL is returned.  The returned string is
+** always in the UTF-8 encoding even if the named parameter was
+** originally specified as UTF-16 in [sqlite3_prepare16()] or
+** [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
+**
+** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
+** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
+** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13621} The [sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(S,N)] interface returns
+**          a UTF-8 rendering of the name of the SQL parameter in
+**          [prepared statement] S having index N, or
+**          NULL if there is no SQL parameter with index N or if the
+**          parameter with index N is an anonymous parameter "?".
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_bind_parameter_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Index Of A Parameter With A Given Name {F13640}
+**
+** Return the index of an SQL parameter given its name.  The
+** index value returned is suitable for use as the second
+** parameter to [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()].  A zero
+** is returned if no matching parameter is found.  The parameter
+** name must be given in UTF-8 even if the original statement
+** was prepared from UTF-16 text using [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()].
+**
+** See also: [sqlite3_bind_blob|sqlite3_bind()],
+** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_count()], and
+** [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index()].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13641} The [sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(S,N)] interface returns
+**          the index of SQL parameter in [prepared statement]
+**          S whose name matches the UTF-8 string N, or 0 if there is
+**          no match.
+*/
+int sqlite3_bind_parameter_index(sqlite3_stmt*, const char *zName);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Reset All Bindings On A Prepared Statement {F13660}
+**
+** Contrary to the intuition of many, [sqlite3_reset()] does not
+** reset the [sqlite3_bind_blob | bindings] on a 
+** [prepared statement].  Use this routine to
+** reset all host parameters to NULL.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13661} The [sqlite3_clear_bindings(S)] interface resets all
+**          SQL parameter bindings in [prepared statement] S
+**          back to NULL.
+*/
+int sqlite3_clear_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Number Of Columns In A Result Set {F13710}
+**
+** Return the number of columns in the result set returned by the 
+** [prepared statement]. This routine returns 0
+** if pStmt is an SQL statement that does not return data (for 
+** example an UPDATE).
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13711} The [sqlite3_column_count(S)] interface returns the number of
+**          columns in the result set generated by the
+**          [prepared statement] S, or 0 if S does not generate
+**          a result set.
+*/
+int sqlite3_column_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Column Names In A Result Set {F13720}
+**
+** These routines return the name assigned to a particular column
+** in the result set of a SELECT statement.  The sqlite3_column_name()
+** interface returns a pointer to a zero-terminated UTF8 string
+** and sqlite3_column_name16() returns a pointer to a zero-terminated
+** UTF16 string.  The first parameter is the
+** [prepared statement] that implements the SELECT statement.
+** The second parameter is the column number.  The left-most column is
+** number 0.
+**
+** The returned string pointer is valid until either the 
+** [prepared statement] is destroyed by [sqlite3_finalize()]
+** or until the next call sqlite3_column_name() or sqlite3_column_name16()
+** on the same column.
+**
+** If sqlite3_malloc() fails during the processing of either routine
+** (for example during a conversion from UTF-8 to UTF-16) then a
+** NULL pointer is returned.
+**
+** The name of a result column is the value of the "AS" clause for
+** that column, if there is an AS clause.  If there is no AS clause
+** then the name of the column is unspecified and may change from
+** one release of SQLite to the next.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13721} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_column_name(S,N)]
+**          interface returns the name
+**          of the Nth column (where 0 is the left-most column) for the
+**          result set of [prepared statement] S as a
+**          zero-terminated UTF-8 string.
+**
+** {F13723} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_column_name16(S,N)]
+**          interface returns the name
+**          of the Nth column (where 0 is the left-most column) for the
+**          result set of [prepared statement] S as a
+**          zero-terminated UTF-16 string in the native byte order.
+**
+** {F13724} The [sqlite3_column_name()] and [sqlite3_column_name16()]
+**          interfaces return a NULL pointer if they are unable to
+**          allocate memory memory to hold there normal return strings.
+**
+** {F13725} If the N parameter to [sqlite3_column_name(S,N)] or
+**          [sqlite3_column_name16(S,N)] is out of range, then the
+**          interfaces returns a NULL pointer.
+** 
+** {F13726} The strings returned by [sqlite3_column_name(S,N)] and
+**          [sqlite3_column_name16(S,N)] are valid until the next
+**          call to either routine with the same S and N parameters
+**          or until [sqlite3_finalize(S)] is called.
+**
+** {F13727} When a result column of a [SELECT] statement contains
+**          an AS clause, the name of that column is the indentifier
+**          to the right of the AS keyword.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_column_name(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
+const void *sqlite3_column_name16(sqlite3_stmt*, int N);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Source Of Data In A Query Result {F13740}
+**
+** These routines provide a means to determine what column of what
+** table in which database a result of a SELECT statement comes from.
+** The name of the database or table or column can be returned as
+** either a UTF8 or UTF16 string.  The _database_ routines return
+** the database name, the _table_ routines return the table name, and
+** the origin_ routines return the column name.
+** The returned string is valid until
+** the [prepared statement] is destroyed using
+** [sqlite3_finalize()] or until the same information is requested
+** again in a different encoding.
+**
+** The names returned are the original un-aliased names of the
+** database, table, and column.
+**
+** The first argument to the following calls is a [prepared statement].
+** These functions return information about the Nth column returned by 
+** the statement, where N is the second function argument.
+**
+** If the Nth column returned by the statement is an expression
+** or subquery and is not a column value, then all of these functions
+** return NULL.  These routine might also return NULL if a memory
+** allocation error occurs.  Otherwise, they return the 
+** name of the attached database, table and column that query result
+** column was extracted from.
+**
+** As with all other SQLite APIs, those postfixed with "16" return
+** UTF-16 encoded strings, the other functions return UTF-8. {END}
+**
+** These APIs are only available if the library was compiled with the 
+** SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA preprocessor symbol defined.
+**
+** {U13751}
+** If two or more threads call one or more of these routines against the same
+** prepared statement and column at the same time then the results are
+** undefined.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13741} The [sqlite3_column_database_name(S,N)] interface returns either
+**          the UTF-8 zero-terminated name of the database from which the 
+**          Nth result column of [prepared statement] S 
+**          is extracted, or NULL if the the Nth column of S is a
+**          general expression or if unable to allocate memory
+**          to store the name.
+**          
+** {F13742} The [sqlite3_column_database_name16(S,N)] interface returns either
+**          the UTF-16 native byte order
+**          zero-terminated name of the database from which the 
+**          Nth result column of [prepared statement] S 
+**          is extracted, or NULL if the the Nth column of S is a
+**          general expression or if unable to allocate memory
+**          to store the name.
+**          
+** {F13743} The [sqlite3_column_table_name(S,N)] interface returns either
+**          the UTF-8 zero-terminated name of the table from which the 
+**          Nth result column of [prepared statement] S 
+**          is extracted, or NULL if the the Nth column of S is a
+**          general expression or if unable to allocate memory
+**          to store the name.
+**          
+** {F13744} The [sqlite3_column_table_name16(S,N)] interface returns either
+**          the UTF-16 native byte order
+**          zero-terminated name of the table from which the 
+**          Nth result column of [prepared statement] S 
+**          is extracted, or NULL if the the Nth column of S is a
+**          general expression or if unable to allocate memory
+**          to store the name.
+**          
+** {F13745} The [sqlite3_column_origin_name(S,N)] interface returns either
+**          the UTF-8 zero-terminated name of the table column from which the 
+**          Nth result column of [prepared statement] S 
+**          is extracted, or NULL if the the Nth column of S is a
+**          general expression or if unable to allocate memory
+**          to store the name.
+**          
+** {F13746} The [sqlite3_column_origin_name16(S,N)] interface returns either
+**          the UTF-16 native byte order
+**          zero-terminated name of the table column from which the 
+**          Nth result column of [prepared statement] S 
+**          is extracted, or NULL if the the Nth column of S is a
+**          general expression or if unable to allocate memory
+**          to store the name.
+**          
+** {F13748} The return values from
+**          [sqlite3_column_database_name|column metadata interfaces]
+**          are valid
+**          for the lifetime of the [prepared statement]
+**          or until the encoding is changed by another metadata
+**          interface call for the same prepared statement and column.
+**
+** LIMITATIONS:
+**
+** {U13751} If two or more threads call one or more
+**          [sqlite3_column_database_name|column metadata interfaces]
+**          the same [prepared statement] and result column
+**          at the same time then the results are undefined.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_column_database_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+const void *sqlite3_column_database_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+const char *sqlite3_column_table_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+const void *sqlite3_column_table_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+const char *sqlite3_column_origin_name(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+const void *sqlite3_column_origin_name16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Declared Datatype Of A Query Result {F13760}
+**
+** The first parameter is a [prepared statement]. 
+** If this statement is a SELECT statement and the Nth column of the 
+** returned result set of that SELECT is a table column (not an
+** expression or subquery) then the declared type of the table
+** column is returned.  If the Nth column of the result set is an
+** expression or subquery, then a NULL pointer is returned.
+** The returned string is always UTF-8 encoded.  {END} 
+** For example, in the database schema:
+**
+** CREATE TABLE t1(c1 VARIANT);
+**
+** And the following statement compiled:
+**
+** SELECT c1 + 1, c1 FROM t1;
+**
+** Then this routine would return the string "VARIANT" for the second
+** result column (i==1), and a NULL pointer for the first result column
+** (i==0).
+**
+** SQLite uses dynamic run-time typing.  So just because a column
+** is declared to contain a particular type does not mean that the
+** data stored in that column is of the declared type.  SQLite is
+** strongly typed, but the typing is dynamic not static.  Type
+** is associated with individual values, not with the containers
+** used to hold those values.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13761}  A successful call to [sqlite3_column_decltype(S,N)]
+**           returns a zero-terminated UTF-8 string containing the
+**           the declared datatype of the table column that appears
+**           as the Nth column (numbered from 0) of the result set to the
+**           [prepared statement] S.
+**
+** {F13762}  A successful call to [sqlite3_column_decltype16(S,N)]
+**           returns a zero-terminated UTF-16 native byte order string
+**           containing the declared datatype of the table column that appears
+**           as the Nth column (numbered from 0) of the result set to the
+**           [prepared statement] S.
+**
+** {F13763}  If N is less than 0 or N is greater than or equal to
+**           the number of columns in [prepared statement] S
+**           or if the Nth column of S is an expression or subquery rather
+**           than a table column or if a memory allocation failure
+**           occurs during encoding conversions, then
+**           calls to [sqlite3_column_decltype(S,N)] or
+**           [sqlite3_column_decltype16(S,N)] return NULL.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3_column_decltype(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+const void *sqlite3_column_decltype16(sqlite3_stmt*,int);
+
+/* 
+** CAPI3REF:  Evaluate An SQL Statement {F13200}
+**
+** After an [prepared statement] has been prepared with a call
+** to either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or to one of
+** the legacy interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or [sqlite3_prepare16()],
+** then this function must be called one or more times to evaluate the 
+** statement.
+**
+** The details of the behavior of this sqlite3_step() interface depend
+** on whether the statement was prepared using the newer "v2" interface
+** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] and [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] or the older legacy
+** interface [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()].  The use of the
+** new "v2" interface is recommended for new applications but the legacy
+** interface will continue to be supported.
+**
+** In the legacy interface, the return value will be either [SQLITE_BUSY], 
+** [SQLITE_DONE], [SQLITE_ROW], [SQLITE_ERROR], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
+** With the "v2" interface, any of the other [SQLITE_OK | result code]
+** or [SQLITE_IOERR_READ | extended result code] might be returned as
+** well.
+**
+** [SQLITE_BUSY] means that the database engine was unable to acquire the
+** database locks it needs to do its job.  If the statement is a COMMIT
+** or occurs outside of an explicit transaction, then you can retry the
+** statement.  If the statement is not a COMMIT and occurs within a
+** explicit transaction then you should rollback the transaction before
+** continuing.
+**
+** [SQLITE_DONE] means that the statement has finished executing
+** successfully.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on this virtual
+** machine without first calling [sqlite3_reset()] to reset the virtual
+** machine back to its initial state.
+**
+** If the SQL statement being executed returns any data, then 
+** [SQLITE_ROW] is returned each time a new row of data is ready
+** for processing by the caller. The values may be accessed using
+** the [sqlite3_column_int | column access functions].
+** sqlite3_step() is called again to retrieve the next row of data.
+** 
+** [SQLITE_ERROR] means that a run-time error (such as a constraint
+** violation) has occurred.  sqlite3_step() should not be called again on
+** the VM. More information may be found by calling [sqlite3_errmsg()].
+** With the legacy interface, a more specific error code (example:
+** [SQLITE_INTERRUPT], [SQLITE_SCHEMA], [SQLITE_CORRUPT], and so forth)
+** can be obtained by calling [sqlite3_reset()] on the
+** [prepared statement].  In the "v2" interface,
+** the more specific error code is returned directly by sqlite3_step().
+**
+** [SQLITE_MISUSE] means that the this routine was called inappropriately.
+** Perhaps it was called on a [prepared statement] that has
+** already been [sqlite3_finalize | finalized] or on one that had 
+** previously returned [SQLITE_ERROR] or [SQLITE_DONE].  Or it could
+** be the case that the same database connection is being used by two or
+** more threads at the same moment in time.
+**
+** <b>Goofy Interface Alert:</b>
+** In the legacy interface, 
+** the sqlite3_step() API always returns a generic error code,
+** [SQLITE_ERROR], following any error other than [SQLITE_BUSY]
+** and [SQLITE_MISUSE].  You must call [sqlite3_reset()] or
+** [sqlite3_finalize()] in order to find one of the specific
+** [error codes] that better describes the error.
+** We admit that this is a goofy design.  The problem has been fixed
+** with the "v2" interface.  If you prepare all of your SQL statements
+** using either [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or [sqlite3_prepare16_v2()] instead
+** of the legacy [sqlite3_prepare()] and [sqlite3_prepare16()], then the 
+** more specific [error codes] are returned directly
+** by sqlite3_step().  The use of the "v2" interface is recommended.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13202}  If [prepared statement] S is ready to be
+**           run, then [sqlite3_step(S)] advances that prepared statement
+**           until to completion or until it is ready to return another
+**           row of the result set or an interrupt or run-time error occurs.
+**
+** {F15304}  When a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] causes the 
+**           [prepared statement] S to run to completion,
+**           the function returns [SQLITE_DONE].
+**
+** {F15306}  When a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] stops because it is ready
+**           to return another row of the result set, it returns
+**           [SQLITE_ROW].
+**
+** {F15308}  If a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] encounters an
+**           [sqlite3_interrupt|interrupt] or a run-time error,
+**           it returns an appropraite error code that is not one of
+**           [SQLITE_OK], [SQLITE_ROW], or [SQLITE_DONE].
+**
+** {F15310}  If an [sqlite3_interrupt|interrupt] or run-time error
+**           occurs during a call to [sqlite3_step(S)]
+**           for a [prepared statement] S created using
+**           legacy interfaces [sqlite3_prepare()] or
+**           [sqlite3_prepare16()] then the function returns either
+**           [SQLITE_ERROR], [SQLITE_BUSY], or [SQLITE_MISUSE].
+*/
+int sqlite3_step(sqlite3_stmt*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Number of columns in a result set {F13770}
+**
+** Return the number of values in the current row of the result set.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13771}  After a call to [sqlite3_step(S)] that returns
+**           [SQLITE_ROW], the [sqlite3_data_count(S)] routine
+**           will return the same value as the
+**           [sqlite3_column_count(S)] function.
+**
+** {F13772}  After [sqlite3_step(S)] has returned any value other than
+**           [SQLITE_ROW] or before [sqlite3_step(S)] has been 
+**           called on the [prepared statement] for
+**           the first time since it was [sqlite3_prepare|prepared]
+**           or [sqlite3_reset|reset], the [sqlite3_data_count(S)]
+**           routine returns zero.
+*/
+int sqlite3_data_count(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Fundamental Datatypes {F10265}
+** KEYWORDS: SQLITE_TEXT
+**
+** {F10266}Every value in SQLite has one of five fundamental datatypes:
+**
+** <ul>
+** <li> 64-bit signed integer
+** <li> 64-bit IEEE floating point number
+** <li> string
+** <li> BLOB
+** <li> NULL
+** </ul> {END}
+**
+** These constants are codes for each of those types.
+**
+** Note that the SQLITE_TEXT constant was also used in SQLite version 2
+** for a completely different meaning.  Software that links against both
+** SQLite version 2 and SQLite version 3 should use SQLITE3_TEXT not
+** SQLITE_TEXT.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_INTEGER  1
+#define SQLITE_FLOAT    2
+#define SQLITE_BLOB     4
+#define SQLITE_NULL     5
+#ifdef SQLITE_TEXT
+# undef SQLITE_TEXT
+#else
+# define SQLITE_TEXT     3
+#endif
+#define SQLITE3_TEXT     3
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Results Values From A Query {F13800}
+**
+** These routines form the "result set query" interface.
+**
+** These routines return information about
+** a single column of the current result row of a query.  In every
+** case the first argument is a pointer to the 
+** [prepared statement] that is being
+** evaluated (the [sqlite3_stmt*] that was returned from 
+** [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or one of its variants) and
+** the second argument is the index of the column for which information 
+** should be returned.  The left-most column of the result set
+** has an index of 0.
+**
+** If the SQL statement is not currently point to a valid row, or if the
+** the column index is out of range, the result is undefined. 
+** These routines may only be called when the most recent call to
+** [sqlite3_step()] has returned [SQLITE_ROW] and neither
+** [sqlite3_reset()] nor [sqlite3_finalize()] has been call subsequently.
+** If any of these routines are called after [sqlite3_reset()] or
+** [sqlite3_finalize()] or after [sqlite3_step()] has returned
+** something other than [SQLITE_ROW], the results are undefined.
+** If [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or [sqlite3_finalize()]
+** are called from a different thread while any of these routines
+** are pending, then the results are undefined.  
+**
+** The sqlite3_column_type() routine returns 
+** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype code] for the initial data type
+** of the result column.  The returned value is one of [SQLITE_INTEGER],
+** [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], [SQLITE_BLOB], or [SQLITE_NULL].  The value
+** returned by sqlite3_column_type() is only meaningful if no type
+** conversions have occurred as described below.  After a type conversion,
+** the value returned by sqlite3_column_type() is undefined.  Future
+** versions of SQLite may change the behavior of sqlite3_column_type()
+** following a type conversion.
+**
+** If the result is a BLOB or UTF-8 string then the sqlite3_column_bytes() 
+** routine returns the number of bytes in that BLOB or string.
+** If the result is a UTF-16 string, then sqlite3_column_bytes() converts
+** the string to UTF-8 and then returns the number of bytes.
+** If the result is a numeric value then sqlite3_column_bytes() uses
+** [sqlite3_snprintf()] to convert that value to a UTF-8 string and returns
+** the number of bytes in that string.
+** The value returned does not include the zero terminator at the end
+** of the string.  For clarity: the value returned is the number of
+** bytes in the string, not the number of characters.
+**
+** Strings returned by sqlite3_column_text() and sqlite3_column_text16(),
+** even empty strings, are always zero terminated.  The return
+** value from sqlite3_column_blob() for a zero-length blob is an arbitrary
+** pointer, possibly even a NULL pointer.
+**
+** The sqlite3_column_bytes16() routine is similar to sqlite3_column_bytes()
+** but leaves the result in UTF-16 in native byte order instead of UTF-8.  
+** The zero terminator is not included in this count.
+**
+** The object returned by [sqlite3_column_value()] is an
+** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object.  An unprotected sqlite3_value object
+** may only be used with [sqlite3_bind_value()] and [sqlite3_result_value()].
+** If the [unprotected sqlite3_value] object returned by
+** [sqlite3_column_value()] is used in any other way, including calls
+** to routines like 
+** [sqlite3_value_int()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or [sqlite3_value_bytes()],
+** then the behavior is undefined.
+**
+** These routines attempt to convert the value where appropriate.  For
+** example, if the internal representation is FLOAT and a text result
+** is requested, [sqlite3_snprintf()] is used internally to do the conversion
+** automatically.  The following table details the conversions that
+** are applied:
+**
+** <blockquote>
+** <table border="1">
+** <tr><th> Internal<br>Type <th> Requested<br>Type <th>  Conversion
+**
+** <tr><td>  NULL    <td> INTEGER   <td> Result is 0
+** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Result is 0.0
+** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   TEXT    <td> Result is NULL pointer
+** <tr><td>  NULL    <td>   BLOB    <td> Result is NULL pointer
+** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert from integer to float
+** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the integer
+** <tr><td> INTEGER  <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as for INTEGER->TEXT
+** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td> INTEGER   <td> Convert from float to integer
+** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   TEXT    <td> ASCII rendering of the float
+** <tr><td>  FLOAT   <td>   BLOB    <td> Same as FLOAT->TEXT
+** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td> INTEGER   <td> Use atoi()
+** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Use atof()
+** <tr><td>  TEXT    <td>   BLOB    <td> No change
+** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td> INTEGER   <td> Convert to TEXT then use atoi()
+** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>  FLOAT    <td> Convert to TEXT then use atof()
+** <tr><td>  BLOB    <td>   TEXT    <td> Add a zero terminator if needed
+** </table>
+** </blockquote>
+**
+** The table above makes reference to standard C library functions atoi()
+** and atof().  SQLite does not really use these functions.  It has its
+** on equavalent internal routines.  The atoi() and atof() names are
+** used in the table for brevity and because they are familiar to most
+** C programmers.
+**
+** Note that when type conversions occur, pointers returned by prior
+** calls to sqlite3_column_blob(), sqlite3_column_text(), and/or
+** sqlite3_column_text16() may be invalidated. 
+** Type conversions and pointer invalidations might occur
+** in the following cases:
+**
+** <ul>
+** <li><p>  The initial content is a BLOB and sqlite3_column_text() 
+**          or sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  A zero-terminator might
+**          need to be added to the string.</p></li>
+**
+** <li><p>  The initial content is UTF-8 text and sqlite3_column_bytes16() or
+**          sqlite3_column_text16() is called.  The content must be converted
+**          to UTF-16.</p></li>
+**
+** <li><p>  The initial content is UTF-16 text and sqlite3_column_bytes() or
+**          sqlite3_column_text() is called.  The content must be converted
+**          to UTF-8.</p></li>
+** </ul>
+**
+** Conversions between UTF-16be and UTF-16le are always done in place and do
+** not invalidate a prior pointer, though of course the content of the buffer
+** that the prior pointer points to will have been modified.  Other kinds
+** of conversion are done in place when it is possible, but sometime it is
+** not possible and in those cases prior pointers are invalidated.  
+**
+** The safest and easiest to remember policy is to invoke these routines
+** in one of the following ways:
+**
+**  <ul>
+**  <li>sqlite3_column_text() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
+**  <li>sqlite3_column_blob() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes()</li>
+**  <li>sqlite3_column_text16() followed by sqlite3_column_bytes16()</li>
+**  </ul>
+**
+** In other words, you should call sqlite3_column_text(), sqlite3_column_blob(),
+** or sqlite3_column_text16() first to force the result into the desired
+** format, then invoke sqlite3_column_bytes() or sqlite3_column_bytes16() to
+** find the size of the result.  Do not mix call to sqlite3_column_text() or
+** sqlite3_column_blob() with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes16().  And do not
+** mix calls to sqlite3_column_text16() with calls to sqlite3_column_bytes().
+**
+** The pointers returned are valid until a type conversion occurs as
+** described above, or until [sqlite3_step()] or [sqlite3_reset()] or
+** [sqlite3_finalize()] is called.  The memory space used to hold strings
+** and blobs is freed automatically.  Do <b>not</b> pass the pointers returned
+** [sqlite3_column_blob()], [sqlite3_column_text()], etc. into 
+** [sqlite3_free()].
+**
+** If a memory allocation error occurs during the evaluation of any
+** of these routines, a default value is returned.  The default value
+** is either the integer 0, the floating point number 0.0, or a NULL
+** pointer.  Subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode()] will return
+** [SQLITE_NOMEM].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13803} The [sqlite3_column_blob(S,N)] interface converts the
+**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
+**          [prepared statement] S into a blob and then returns a
+**          pointer to the converted value.
+**
+** {F13806} The [sqlite3_column_bytes(S,N)] interface returns the
+**          number of bytes in the blob or string (exclusive of the
+**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
+**          most recent call to [sqlite3_column_blob(S,N)] or
+**          [sqlite3_column_text(S,N)].
+**
+** {F13809} The [sqlite3_column_bytes16(S,N)] interface returns the
+**          number of bytes in the string (exclusive of the
+**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
+**          most recent call to [sqlite3_column_text16(S,N)].
+**
+** {F13812} The [sqlite3_column_double(S,N)] interface converts the
+**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
+**          [prepared statement] S into a floating point value and
+**          returns a copy of that value.
+**
+** {F13815} The [sqlite3_column_int(S,N)] interface converts the
+**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
+**          [prepared statement] S into a 64-bit signed integer and
+**          returns the lower 32 bits of that integer.
+**
+** {F13818} The [sqlite3_column_int64(S,N)] interface converts the
+**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
+**          [prepared statement] S into a 64-bit signed integer and
+**          returns a copy of that integer.
+**
+** {F13821} The [sqlite3_column_text(S,N)] interface converts the
+**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
+**          [prepared statement] S into a zero-terminated UTF-8 
+**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
+**
+** {F13824} The [sqlite3_column_text16(S,N)] interface converts the
+**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
+**          [prepared statement] S into a zero-terminated 2-byte
+**          aligned UTF-16 native byte order
+**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
+**
+** {F13827} The [sqlite3_column_type(S,N)] interface returns
+**          one of [SQLITE_NULL], [SQLITE_INTEGER], [SQLITE_FLOAT],
+**          [SQLITE_TEXT], or [SQLITE_BLOB] as appropriate for
+**          the Nth column in the current row of the result set for
+**          [prepared statement] S.
+**
+** {F13830} The [sqlite3_column_value(S,N)] interface returns a
+**          pointer to an [unprotected sqlite3_value] object for the
+**          Nth column in the current row of the result set for
+**          [prepared statement] S.
+*/
+const void *sqlite3_column_blob(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+int sqlite3_column_bytes(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+int sqlite3_column_bytes16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+double sqlite3_column_double(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+int sqlite3_column_int(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_column_int64(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+const unsigned char *sqlite3_column_text(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+const void *sqlite3_column_text16(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+int sqlite3_column_type(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+sqlite3_value *sqlite3_column_value(sqlite3_stmt*, int iCol);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Destroy A Prepared Statement Object {F13300}
+**
+** The sqlite3_finalize() function is called to delete a 
+** [prepared statement]. If the statement was
+** executed successfully, or not executed at all, then SQLITE_OK is returned.
+** If execution of the statement failed then an 
+** [error code] or [extended error code]
+** is returned. 
+**
+** This routine can be called at any point during the execution of the
+** [prepared statement].  If the virtual machine has not 
+** completed execution when this routine is called, that is like
+** encountering an error or an interrupt.  (See [sqlite3_interrupt()].) 
+** Incomplete updates may be rolled back and transactions cancelled,  
+** depending on the circumstances, and the 
+** [error code] returned will be [SQLITE_ABORT].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F11302} The [sqlite3_finalize(S)] interface destroys the
+**          [prepared statement] S and releases all
+**          memory and file resources held by that object.
+**
+** {F11304} If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for the
+**          [prepared statement] S returned an error,
+**          then [sqlite3_finalize(S)] returns that same error.
+*/
+int sqlite3_finalize(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Reset A Prepared Statement Object {F13330}
+**
+** The sqlite3_reset() function is called to reset a 
+** [prepared statement] object.
+** back to its initial state, ready to be re-executed.
+** Any SQL statement variables that had values bound to them using
+** the [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*() API] retain their values.
+** Use [sqlite3_clear_bindings()] to reset the bindings.
+**
+** {F11332} The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface resets the [prepared statement] S
+**          back to the beginning of its program.
+**
+** {F11334} If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for 
+**          [prepared statement] S returned [SQLITE_ROW] or [SQLITE_DONE],
+**          or if [sqlite3_step(S)] has never before been called on S,
+**          then [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns [SQLITE_OK].
+**
+** {F11336} If the most recent call to [sqlite3_step(S)] for
+**          [prepared statement] S indicated an error, then
+**          [sqlite3_reset(S)] returns an appropriate [error code].
+**
+** {F11338} The [sqlite3_reset(S)] interface does not change the values
+**          of any [sqlite3_bind_blob|bindings] on [prepared statement] S.
+*/
+int sqlite3_reset(sqlite3_stmt *pStmt);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Create Or Redefine SQL Functions {F16100}
+** KEYWORDS: {function creation routines} 
+**
+** These two functions (collectively known as
+** "function creation routines") are used to add SQL functions or aggregates
+** or to redefine the behavior of existing SQL functions or aggregates.  The
+** difference only between the two is that the second parameter, the
+** name of the (scalar) function or aggregate, is encoded in UTF-8 for
+** sqlite3_create_function() and UTF-16 for sqlite3_create_function16().
+**
+** The first parameter is the [database connection] to which the SQL
+** function is to be added.  If a single
+** program uses more than one [database connection] internally, then SQL
+** functions must be added individually to each [database connection].
+**
+** The second parameter is the name of the SQL function to be created
+** or redefined.
+** The length of the name is limited to 255 bytes, exclusive of the 
+** zero-terminator.  Note that the name length limit is in bytes, not
+** characters.  Any attempt to create a function with a longer name
+** will result in an SQLITE_ERROR error.
+**
+** The third parameter is the number of arguments that the SQL function or
+** aggregate takes. If this parameter is negative, then the SQL function or
+** aggregate may take any number of arguments.
+**
+** The fourth parameter, eTextRep, specifies what 
+** [SQLITE_UTF8 | text encoding] this SQL function prefers for
+** its parameters.  Any SQL function implementation should be able to work
+** work with UTF-8, UTF-16le, or UTF-16be.  But some implementations may be
+** more efficient with one encoding than another.  It is allowed to
+** invoke sqlite3_create_function() or sqlite3_create_function16() multiple
+** times with the same function but with different values of eTextRep.
+** When multiple implementations of the same function are available, SQLite
+** will pick the one that involves the least amount of data conversion.
+** If there is only a single implementation which does not care what
+** text encoding is used, then the fourth argument should be
+** [SQLITE_ANY].
+**
+** The fifth parameter is an arbitrary pointer.  The implementation
+** of the function can gain access to this pointer using
+** [sqlite3_user_data()].
+**
+** The seventh, eighth and ninth parameters, xFunc, xStep and xFinal, are
+** pointers to C-language functions that implement the SQL
+** function or aggregate. A scalar SQL function requires an implementation of
+** the xFunc callback only, NULL pointers should be passed as the xStep
+** and xFinal parameters. An aggregate SQL function requires an implementation
+** of xStep and xFinal and NULL should be passed for xFunc. To delete an
+** existing SQL function or aggregate, pass NULL for all three function
+** callback.
+**
+** It is permitted to register multiple implementations of the same
+** functions with the same name but with either differing numbers of
+** arguments or differing perferred text encodings.  SQLite will use
+** the implementation most closely matches the way in which the
+** SQL function is used.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F16103} The [sqlite3_create_function16()] interface behaves exactly
+**          like [sqlite3_create_function()] in every way except that it
+**          interprets the zFunctionName argument as
+**          zero-terminated UTF-16 native byte order instead of as a
+**          zero-terminated UTF-8.
+**
+** {F16106} A successful invocation of
+**          the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,...)] interface registers
+**          or replaces callback functions in [database connection] D
+**          used to implement the SQL function named X with N parameters
+**          and having a perferred text encoding of E.
+**
+** {F16109} A successful call to [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)]
+**          replaces the P, F, S, and L values from any prior calls with
+**          the same D, X, N, and E values.
+**
+** {F16112} The [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,...)] interface fails with
+**          a return code of [SQLITE_ERROR] if the SQL function name X is
+**          longer than 255 bytes exclusive of the zero terminator.
+**
+** {F16118} Either F must be NULL and S and L are non-NULL or else F
+**          is non-NULL and S and L are NULL, otherwise
+**          [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)] returns [SQLITE_ERROR].
+**
+** {F16121} The [sqlite3_create_function(D,...)] interface fails with an
+**          error code of [SQLITE_BUSY] if there exist [prepared statements]
+**          associated with the [database connection] D.
+**
+** {F16124} The [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)] interface fails with an
+**          error code of [SQLITE_ERROR] if parameter N (specifying the number
+**          of arguments to the SQL function being registered) is less
+**          than -1 or greater than 127.
+**
+** {F16127} When N is non-negative, the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)]
+**          interface causes callbacks to be invoked for the SQL function
+**          named X when the number of arguments to the SQL function is
+**          exactly N.
+**
+** {F16130} When N is -1, the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)]
+**          interface causes callbacks to be invoked for the SQL function
+**          named X with any number of arguments.
+**
+** {F16133} When calls to [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,...)]
+**          specify multiple implementations of the same function X
+**          and when one implementation has N>=0 and the other has N=(-1)
+**          the implementation with a non-zero N is preferred.
+**
+** {F16136} When calls to [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,...)]
+**          specify multiple implementations of the same function X with
+**          the same number of arguments N but with different
+**          encodings E, then the implementation where E matches the
+**          database encoding is preferred.
+**
+** {F16139} For an aggregate SQL function created using
+**          [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,0,S,L)] the finializer
+**          function L will always be invoked exactly once if the
+**          step function S is called one or more times.
+**
+** {F16142} When SQLite invokes either the xFunc or xStep function of
+**          an application-defined SQL function or aggregate created
+**          by [sqlite3_create_function()] or [sqlite3_create_function16()],
+**          then the array of [sqlite3_value] objects passed as the
+**          third parameter are always [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
+*/
+int sqlite3_create_function(
+  sqlite3 *db,
+  const char *zFunctionName,
+  int nArg,
+  int eTextRep,
+  void *pApp,
+  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
+  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
+  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
+);
+int sqlite3_create_function16(
+  sqlite3 *db,
+  const void *zFunctionName,
+  int nArg,
+  int eTextRep,
+  void *pApp,
+  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
+  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
+  void (*xFinal)(sqlite3_context*)
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Text Encodings {F10267}
+**
+** These constant define integer codes that represent the various
+** text encodings supported by SQLite.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_UTF8           1
+#define SQLITE_UTF16LE        2
+#define SQLITE_UTF16BE        3
+#define SQLITE_UTF16          4    /* Use native byte order */
+#define SQLITE_ANY            5    /* sqlite3_create_function only */
+#define SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED  8    /* sqlite3_create_collation only */
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Obsolete Functions
+**
+** These functions are all now obsolete.  In order to maintain
+** backwards compatibility with older code, we continue to support
+** these functions.  However, new development projects should avoid
+** the use of these functions.  To help encourage people to avoid
+** using these functions, we are not going to tell you want they do.
+*/
+int sqlite3_aggregate_count(sqlite3_context*);
+int sqlite3_expired(sqlite3_stmt*);
+int sqlite3_transfer_bindings(sqlite3_stmt*, sqlite3_stmt*);
+int sqlite3_global_recover(void);
+void sqlite3_thread_cleanup(void);
+int sqlite3_memory_alarm(void(*)(void*,sqlite3_int64,int),void*,sqlite3_int64);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Obtaining SQL Function Parameter Values {F15100}
+**
+** The C-language implementation of SQL functions and aggregates uses
+** this set of interface routines to access the parameter values on
+** the function or aggregate.
+**
+** The xFunc (for scalar functions) or xStep (for aggregates) parameters
+** to [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
+** define callbacks that implement the SQL functions and aggregates.
+** The 4th parameter to these callbacks is an array of pointers to
+** [protected sqlite3_value] objects.  There is one [sqlite3_value] object for
+** each parameter to the SQL function.  These routines are used to
+** extract values from the [sqlite3_value] objects.
+**
+** These routines work only with [protected sqlite3_value] objects.
+** Any attempt to use these routines on an [unprotected sqlite3_value]
+** object results in undefined behavior.
+**
+** These routines work just like the corresponding 
+** [sqlite3_column_blob | sqlite3_column_* routines] except that 
+** these routines take a single [protected sqlite3_value] object pointer
+** instead of an [sqlite3_stmt*] pointer and an integer column number.
+**
+** The sqlite3_value_text16() interface extracts a UTF16 string
+** in the native byte-order of the host machine.  The
+** sqlite3_value_text16be() and sqlite3_value_text16le() interfaces
+** extract UTF16 strings as big-endian and little-endian respectively.
+**
+** The sqlite3_value_numeric_type() interface attempts to apply
+** numeric affinity to the value.  This means that an attempt is
+** made to convert the value to an integer or floating point.  If
+** such a conversion is possible without loss of information (in other
+** words if the value is a string that looks like a number)
+** then the conversion is done.  Otherwise no conversion occurs.  The 
+** [SQLITE_INTEGER | datatype] after conversion is returned.
+**
+** Please pay particular attention to the fact that the pointer that
+** is returned from [sqlite3_value_blob()], [sqlite3_value_text()], or
+** [sqlite3_value_text16()] can be invalidated by a subsequent call to
+** [sqlite3_value_bytes()], [sqlite3_value_bytes16()], [sqlite3_value_text()],
+** or [sqlite3_value_text16()].  
+**
+** These routines must be called from the same thread as
+** the SQL function that supplied the [sqlite3_value*] parameters.
+**
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F15103} The [sqlite3_value_blob(V)] interface converts the
+**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a blob and then returns a
+**          pointer to the converted value.
+**
+** {F15106} The [sqlite3_value_bytes(V)] interface returns the
+**          number of bytes in the blob or string (exclusive of the
+**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
+**          most recent call to [sqlite3_value_blob(V)] or
+**          [sqlite3_value_text(V)].
+**
+** {F15109} The [sqlite3_value_bytes16(V)] interface returns the
+**          number of bytes in the string (exclusive of the
+**          zero terminator on the string) that was returned by the
+**          most recent call to [sqlite3_value_text16(V)],
+**          [sqlite3_value_text16be(V)], or [sqlite3_value_text16le(V)].
+**
+** {F15112} The [sqlite3_value_double(V)] interface converts the
+**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a floating point value and
+**          returns a copy of that value.
+**
+** {F15115} The [sqlite3_value_int(V)] interface converts the
+**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a 64-bit signed integer and
+**          returns the lower 32 bits of that integer.
+**
+** {F15118} The [sqlite3_value_int64(V)] interface converts the
+**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a 64-bit signed integer and
+**          returns a copy of that integer.
+**
+** {F15121} The [sqlite3_value_text(V)] interface converts the
+**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated UTF-8 
+**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
+**
+** {F15124} The [sqlite3_value_text16(V)] interface converts the
+**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated 2-byte
+**          aligned UTF-16 native byte order
+**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
+**
+** {F15127} The [sqlite3_value_text16be(V)] interface converts the
+**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated 2-byte
+**          aligned UTF-16 big-endian
+**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
+**
+** {F15130} The [sqlite3_value_text16le(V)] interface converts the
+**          [protected sqlite3_value] object V into a zero-terminated 2-byte
+**          aligned UTF-16 little-endian
+**          string and returns a pointer to that string.
+**
+** {F15133} The [sqlite3_value_type(V)] interface returns
+**          one of [SQLITE_NULL], [SQLITE_INTEGER], [SQLITE_FLOAT],
+**          [SQLITE_TEXT], or [SQLITE_BLOB] as appropriate for
+**          the [sqlite3_value] object V.
+**
+** {F15136} The [sqlite3_value_numeric_type(V)] interface converts
+**          the [protected sqlite3_value] object V into either an integer or
+**          a floating point value if it can do so without loss of
+**          information, and returns one of [SQLITE_NULL],
+**          [SQLITE_INTEGER], [SQLITE_FLOAT], [SQLITE_TEXT], or
+**          [SQLITE_BLOB] as appropriate for
+**          the [protected sqlite3_value] object V after the conversion attempt.
+*/
+const void *sqlite3_value_blob(sqlite3_value*);
+int sqlite3_value_bytes(sqlite3_value*);
+int sqlite3_value_bytes16(sqlite3_value*);
+double sqlite3_value_double(sqlite3_value*);
+int sqlite3_value_int(sqlite3_value*);
+sqlite3_int64 sqlite3_value_int64(sqlite3_value*);
+const unsigned char *sqlite3_value_text(sqlite3_value*);
+const void *sqlite3_value_text16(sqlite3_value*);
+const void *sqlite3_value_text16le(sqlite3_value*);
+const void *sqlite3_value_text16be(sqlite3_value*);
+int sqlite3_value_type(sqlite3_value*);
+int sqlite3_value_numeric_type(sqlite3_value*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Obtain Aggregate Function Context {F16210}
+**
+** The implementation of aggregate SQL functions use this routine to allocate
+** a structure for storing their state.  
+** The first time the sqlite3_aggregate_context() routine is
+** is called for a particular aggregate, SQLite allocates nBytes of memory
+** zeros that memory, and returns a pointer to it.
+** On second and subsequent calls to sqlite3_aggregate_context()
+** for the same aggregate function index, the same buffer is returned.
+** The implementation
+** of the aggregate can use the returned buffer to accumulate data.
+**
+** SQLite automatically frees the allocated buffer when the aggregate
+** query concludes.
+**
+** The first parameter should be a copy of the 
+** [sqlite3_context | SQL function context] that is the first
+** parameter to the callback routine that implements the aggregate
+** function.
+**
+** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
+** the aggregate SQL function is running.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F16211} The first invocation of [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] for
+**          a particular instance of an aggregate function (for a particular
+**          context C) causes SQLite to allocation N bytes of memory,
+**          zero that memory, and return a pointer to the allocationed
+**          memory.
+**
+** {F16213} If a memory allocation error occurs during
+**          [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] then the function returns 0.
+**
+** {F16215} Second and subsequent invocations of
+**          [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] for the same context pointer C
+**          ignore the N parameter and return a pointer to the same
+**          block of memory returned by the first invocation.
+**
+** {F16217} The memory allocated by [sqlite3_aggregate_context(C,N)] is
+**          automatically freed on the next call to [sqlite3_reset()]
+**          or [sqlite3_finalize()] for the [prepared statement] containing
+**          the aggregate function associated with context C.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_aggregate_context(sqlite3_context*, int nBytes);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: User Data For Functions {F16240}
+**
+** The sqlite3_user_data() interface returns a copy of
+** the pointer that was the pUserData parameter (the 5th parameter)
+** of the the [sqlite3_create_function()]
+** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
+** registered the application defined function. {END}
+**
+** This routine must be called from the same thread in which
+** the application-defined function is running.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F16243} The [sqlite3_user_data(C)] interface returns a copy of the
+**          P pointer from the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)]
+**          or [sqlite3_create_function16(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)] call that
+**          registered the SQL function associated with 
+**          [sqlite3_context] C.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_user_data(sqlite3_context*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Database Connection For Functions {F16250}
+**
+** The sqlite3_context_db_handle() interface returns a copy of
+** the pointer to the [database connection] (the 1st parameter)
+** of the the [sqlite3_create_function()]
+** and [sqlite3_create_function16()] routines that originally
+** registered the application defined function.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F16253} The [sqlite3_context_db_handle(C)] interface returns a copy of the
+**          D pointer from the [sqlite3_create_function(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)]
+**          or [sqlite3_create_function16(D,X,N,E,P,F,S,L)] call that
+**          registered the SQL function associated with 
+**          [sqlite3_context] C.
+*/
+sqlite3 *sqlite3_context_db_handle(sqlite3_context*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Function Auxiliary Data {F16270}
+**
+** The following two functions may be used by scalar SQL functions to
+** associate meta-data with argument values. If the same value is passed to
+** multiple invocations of the same SQL function during query execution, under
+** some circumstances the associated meta-data may be preserved. This may
+** be used, for example, to add a regular-expression matching scalar
+** function. The compiled version of the regular expression is stored as
+** meta-data associated with the SQL value passed as the regular expression
+** pattern.  The compiled regular expression can be reused on multiple
+** invocations of the same function so that the original pattern string
+** does not need to be recompiled on each invocation.
+**
+** The sqlite3_get_auxdata() interface returns a pointer to the meta-data
+** associated by the sqlite3_set_auxdata() function with the Nth argument
+** value to the application-defined function.
+** If no meta-data has been ever been set for the Nth
+** argument of the function, or if the cooresponding function parameter
+** has changed since the meta-data was set, then sqlite3_get_auxdata()
+** returns a NULL pointer.
+**
+** The sqlite3_set_auxdata() interface saves the meta-data
+** pointed to by its 3rd parameter as the meta-data for the N-th
+** argument of the application-defined function.  Subsequent
+** calls to sqlite3_get_auxdata() might return this data, if it has
+** not been destroyed. 
+** If it is not NULL, SQLite will invoke the destructor 
+** function given by the 4th parameter to sqlite3_set_auxdata() on
+** the meta-data when the corresponding function parameter changes
+** or when the SQL statement completes, whichever comes first.
+**
+** SQLite is free to call the destructor and drop meta-data on
+** any parameter of any function at any time.  The only guarantee
+** is that the destructor will be called before the metadata is
+** dropped.
+**
+** In practice, meta-data is preserved between function calls for
+** expressions that are constant at compile time. This includes literal
+** values and SQL variables.
+**
+** These routines must be called from the same thread in which
+** the SQL function is running.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F16272} The [sqlite3_get_auxdata(C,N)] interface returns a pointer
+**          to metadata associated with the Nth parameter of the SQL function
+**          whose context is C, or NULL if there is no metadata associated
+**          with that parameter.
+**
+** {F16274} The [sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,D)] interface assigns a metadata
+**          pointer P to the Nth parameter of the SQL function with context
+**          C.
+**
+** {F16276} SQLite will invoke the destructor D with a single argument
+**          which is the metadata pointer P following a call to
+**          [sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,D)] when SQLite ceases to hold
+**          the metadata.
+**
+** {F16277} SQLite ceases to hold metadata for an SQL function parameter
+**          when the value of that parameter changes.
+**
+** {F16278} When [sqlite3_set_auxdata(C,N,P,D)] is invoked, the destructor
+**          is called for any prior metadata associated with the same function
+**          context C and parameter N.
+**
+** {F16279} SQLite will call destructors for any metadata it is holding
+**          in a particular [prepared statement] S when either
+**          [sqlite3_reset(S)] or [sqlite3_finalize(S)] is called.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_get_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N);
+void sqlite3_set_auxdata(sqlite3_context*, int N, void*, void (*)(void*));
+
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Constants Defining Special Destructor Behavior {F10280}
+**
+** These are special value for the destructor that is passed in as the
+** final argument to routines like [sqlite3_result_blob()].  If the destructor
+** argument is SQLITE_STATIC, it means that the content pointer is constant
+** and will never change.  It does not need to be destroyed.  The 
+** SQLITE_TRANSIENT value means that the content will likely change in
+** the near future and that SQLite should make its own private copy of
+** the content before returning.
+**
+** The typedef is necessary to work around problems in certain
+** C++ compilers.  See ticket #2191.
+*/
+typedef void (*sqlite3_destructor_type)(void*);
+#define SQLITE_STATIC      ((sqlite3_destructor_type)0)
+#define SQLITE_TRANSIENT   ((sqlite3_destructor_type)-1)
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Setting The Result Of An SQL Function {F16400}
+**
+** These routines are used by the xFunc or xFinal callbacks that
+** implement SQL functions and aggregates.  See
+** [sqlite3_create_function()] and [sqlite3_create_function16()]
+** for additional information.
+**
+** These functions work very much like the 
+** [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_*] family of functions used
+** to bind values to host parameters in prepared statements.
+** Refer to the
+** [sqlite3_bind_blob | sqlite3_bind_* documentation] for
+** additional information.
+**
+** The sqlite3_result_blob() interface sets the result from
+** an application defined function to be the BLOB whose content is pointed
+** to by the second parameter and which is N bytes long where N is the
+** third parameter. 
+** The sqlite3_result_zeroblob() inerfaces set the result of
+** the application defined function to be a BLOB containing all zero
+** bytes and N bytes in size, where N is the value of the 2nd parameter.
+**
+** The sqlite3_result_double() interface sets the result from
+** an application defined function to be a floating point value specified
+** by its 2nd argument.
+**
+** The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16() functions
+** cause the implemented SQL function to throw an exception.
+** SQLite uses the string pointed to by the
+** 2nd parameter of sqlite3_result_error() or sqlite3_result_error16()
+** as the text of an error message.  SQLite interprets the error
+** message string from sqlite3_result_error() as UTF8. SQLite
+** interprets the string from sqlite3_result_error16() as UTF16 in native
+** byte order.  If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error()
+** or sqlite3_result_error16() is negative then SQLite takes as the error
+** message all text up through the first zero character.
+** If the third parameter to sqlite3_result_error() or
+** sqlite3_result_error16() is non-negative then SQLite takes that many
+** bytes (not characters) from the 2nd parameter as the error message.
+** The sqlite3_result_error() and sqlite3_result_error16()
+** routines make a copy private copy of the error message text before
+** they return.  Hence, the calling function can deallocate or
+** modify the text after they return without harm.
+** The sqlite3_result_error_code() function changes the error code
+** returned by SQLite as a result of an error in a function.  By default,
+** the error code is SQLITE_ERROR.  A subsequent call to sqlite3_result_error()
+** or sqlite3_result_error16() resets the error code to SQLITE_ERROR.
+**
+** The sqlite3_result_toobig() interface causes SQLite
+** to throw an error indicating that a string or BLOB is to long
+** to represent.  The sqlite3_result_nomem() interface
+** causes SQLite to throw an exception indicating that the a
+** memory allocation failed.
+**
+** The sqlite3_result_int() interface sets the return value
+** of the application-defined function to be the 32-bit signed integer
+** value given in the 2nd argument.
+** The sqlite3_result_int64() interface sets the return value
+** of the application-defined function to be the 64-bit signed integer
+** value given in the 2nd argument.
+**
+** The sqlite3_result_null() interface sets the return value
+** of the application-defined function to be NULL.
+**
+** The sqlite3_result_text(), sqlite3_result_text16(), 
+** sqlite3_result_text16le(), and sqlite3_result_text16be() interfaces
+** set the return value of the application-defined function to be
+** a text string which is represented as UTF-8, UTF-16 native byte order,
+** UTF-16 little endian, or UTF-16 big endian, respectively.
+** SQLite takes the text result from the application from
+** the 2nd parameter of the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces.
+** If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
+** is negative, then SQLite takes result text from the 2nd parameter 
+** through the first zero character.
+** If the 3rd parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
+** is non-negative, then as many bytes (not characters) of the text
+** pointed to by the 2nd parameter are taken as the application-defined
+** function result.
+** If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
+** or sqlite3_result_blob is a non-NULL pointer, then SQLite calls that
+** function as the destructor on the text or blob result when it has
+** finished using that result.
+** If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
+** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_STATIC, then
+** SQLite assumes that the text or blob result is constant space and
+** does not copy the space or call a destructor when it has
+** finished using that result.
+** If the 4th parameter to the sqlite3_result_text* interfaces
+** or sqlite3_result_blob is the special constant SQLITE_TRANSIENT
+** then SQLite makes a copy of the result into space obtained from
+** from [sqlite3_malloc()] before it returns.
+**
+** The sqlite3_result_value() interface sets the result of
+** the application-defined function to be a copy the
+** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object specified by the 2nd parameter.  The
+** sqlite3_result_value() interface makes a copy of the [sqlite3_value]
+** so that [sqlite3_value] specified in the parameter may change or
+** be deallocated after sqlite3_result_value() returns without harm.
+** A [protected sqlite3_value] object may always be used where an
+** [unprotected sqlite3_value] object is required, so either
+** kind of [sqlite3_value] object can be used with this interface.
+**
+** If these routines are called from within the different thread 
+** than the one containing the application-defined function that recieved
+** the [sqlite3_context] pointer, the results are undefined.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F16403} The default return value from any SQL function is NULL.
+**
+** {F16406} The [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
+**          return value of function C to be a blob that is N bytes
+**          in length and with content pointed to by V.
+**
+** {F16409} The [sqlite3_result_double(C,V)] interface changes the
+**          return value of function C to be the floating point value V.
+**
+** {F16412} The [sqlite3_result_error(C,V,N)] interface changes the return
+**          value of function C to be an exception with error code
+**          [SQLITE_ERROR] and a UTF8 error message copied from V up to the
+**          first zero byte or until N bytes are read if N is positive.
+**
+** {F16415} The [sqlite3_result_error16(C,V,N)] interface changes the return
+**          value of function C to be an exception with error code
+**          [SQLITE_ERROR] and a UTF16 native byte order error message
+**          copied from V up to the first zero terminator or until N bytes
+**          are read if N is positive.
+**
+** {F16418} The [sqlite3_result_error_toobig(C)] interface changes the return
+**          value of the function C to be an exception with error code
+**          [SQLITE_TOOBIG] and an appropriate error message.
+**
+** {F16421} The [sqlite3_result_error_nomem(C)] interface changes the return
+**          value of the function C to be an exception with error code
+**          [SQLITE_NOMEM] and an appropriate error message.
+**
+** {F16424} The [sqlite3_result_error_code(C,E)] interface changes the return
+**          value of the function C to be an exception with error code E.
+**          The error message text is unchanged.
+**
+** {F16427} The [sqlite3_result_int(C,V)] interface changes the
+**          return value of function C to be the 32-bit integer value V.
+**
+** {F16430} The [sqlite3_result_int64(C,V)] interface changes the
+**          return value of function C to be the 64-bit integer value V.
+**
+** {F16433} The [sqlite3_result_null(C)] interface changes the
+**          return value of function C to be NULL.
+**
+** {F16436} The [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
+**          return value of function C to be the UTF8 string
+**          V up to the first zero if N is negative
+**          or the first N bytes of V if N is non-negative.
+**
+** {F16439} The [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
+**          return value of function C to be the UTF16 native byte order
+**          string V up to the first zero if N is
+**          negative or the first N bytes of V if N is non-negative.
+**
+** {F16442} The [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
+**          return value of function C to be the UTF16 big-endian
+**          string V up to the first zero if N is
+**          is negative or the first N bytes or V if N is non-negative.
+**
+** {F16445} The [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] interface changes the
+**          return value of function C to be the UTF16 little-endian
+**          string V up to the first zero if N is
+**          negative or the first N bytes of V if N is non-negative.
+**
+** {F16448} The [sqlite3_result_value(C,V)] interface changes the
+**          return value of function C to be [unprotected sqlite3_value]
+**          object V.
+**
+** {F16451} The [sqlite3_result_zeroblob(C,N)] interface changes the
+**          return value of function C to be an N-byte blob of all zeros.
+**
+** {F16454} The [sqlite3_result_error()] and [sqlite3_result_error16()]
+**          interfaces make a copy of their error message strings before
+**          returning.
+**
+** {F16457} If the D destructor parameter to [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)],
+**          [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)], [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)],
+**          [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)], or
+**          [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] is the constant [SQLITE_STATIC]
+**          then no destructor is ever called on the pointer V and SQLite
+**          assumes that V is immutable.
+**
+** {F16460} If the D destructor parameter to [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)],
+**          [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)], [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)],
+**          [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)], or
+**          [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] is the constant
+**          [SQLITE_TRANSIENT] then the interfaces makes a copy of the
+**          content of V and retains the copy.
+**
+** {F16463} If the D destructor parameter to [sqlite3_result_blob(C,V,N,D)],
+**          [sqlite3_result_text(C,V,N,D)], [sqlite3_result_text16(C,V,N,D)],
+**          [sqlite3_result_text16be(C,V,N,D)], or
+**          [sqlite3_result_text16le(C,V,N,D)] is some value other than
+**          the constants [SQLITE_STATIC] and [SQLITE_TRANSIENT] then 
+**          SQLite will invoke the destructor D with V as its only argument
+**          when it has finished with the V value.
+*/
+void sqlite3_result_blob(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
+void sqlite3_result_double(sqlite3_context*, double);
+void sqlite3_result_error(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int);
+void sqlite3_result_error16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int);
+void sqlite3_result_error_toobig(sqlite3_context*);
+void sqlite3_result_error_nomem(sqlite3_context*);
+void sqlite3_result_error_code(sqlite3_context*, int);
+void sqlite3_result_int(sqlite3_context*, int);
+void sqlite3_result_int64(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_int64);
+void sqlite3_result_null(sqlite3_context*);
+void sqlite3_result_text(sqlite3_context*, const char*, int, void(*)(void*));
+void sqlite3_result_text16(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int, void(*)(void*));
+void sqlite3_result_text16le(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
+void sqlite3_result_text16be(sqlite3_context*, const void*, int,void(*)(void*));
+void sqlite3_result_value(sqlite3_context*, sqlite3_value*);
+void sqlite3_result_zeroblob(sqlite3_context*, int n);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Define New Collating Sequences {F16600}
+**
+** These functions are used to add new collation sequences to the
+** [sqlite3*] handle specified as the first argument. 
+**
+** The name of the new collation sequence is specified as a UTF-8 string
+** for sqlite3_create_collation() and sqlite3_create_collation_v2()
+** and a UTF-16 string for sqlite3_create_collation16(). In all cases
+** the name is passed as the second function argument.
+**
+** The third argument may be one of the constants [SQLITE_UTF8],
+** [SQLITE_UTF16LE] or [SQLITE_UTF16BE], indicating that the user-supplied
+** routine expects to be passed pointers to strings encoded using UTF-8,
+** UTF-16 little-endian or UTF-16 big-endian respectively. The
+** third argument might also be [SQLITE_UTF16_ALIGNED] to indicate that
+** the routine expects pointers to 16-bit word aligned strings
+** of UTF16 in the native byte order of the host computer.
+**
+** A pointer to the user supplied routine must be passed as the fifth
+** argument.  If it is NULL, this is the same as deleting the collation
+** sequence (so that SQLite cannot call it anymore).
+** Each time the application
+** supplied function is invoked, it is passed a copy of the void* passed as
+** the fourth argument to sqlite3_create_collation() or
+** sqlite3_create_collation16() as its first parameter.
+**
+** The remaining arguments to the application-supplied routine are two strings,
+** each represented by a (length, data) pair and encoded in the encoding
+** that was passed as the third argument when the collation sequence was
+** registered. {END} The application defined collation routine should
+** return negative, zero or positive if
+** the first string is less than, equal to, or greater than the second
+** string. i.e. (STRING1 - STRING2).
+**
+** The sqlite3_create_collation_v2() works like sqlite3_create_collation()
+** excapt that it takes an extra argument which is a destructor for
+** the collation.  The destructor is called when the collation is
+** destroyed and is passed a copy of the fourth parameter void* pointer
+** of the sqlite3_create_collation_v2().
+** Collations are destroyed when
+** they are overridden by later calls to the collation creation functions
+** or when the [sqlite3*] database handle is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F16603} A successful call to the
+**          [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)] interface
+**          registers function F as the comparison function used to
+**          implement collation X on [database connection] B for
+**          databases having encoding E.
+**
+** {F16604} SQLite understands the X parameter to
+**          [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)] as a zero-terminated
+**          UTF-8 string in which case is ignored for ASCII characters and
+**          is significant for non-ASCII characters.
+**
+** {F16606} Successive calls to [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)]
+**          with the same values for B, X, and E, override prior values
+**          of P, F, and D.
+**
+** {F16609} The destructor D in [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)]
+**          is not NULL then it is called with argument P when the
+**          collating function is dropped by SQLite.
+**
+** {F16612} A collating function is dropped when it is overloaded.
+**
+** {F16615} A collating function is dropped when the database connection
+**          is closed using [sqlite3_close()].
+**
+** {F16618} The pointer P in [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)]
+**          is passed through as the first parameter to the comparison
+**          function F for all subsequent invocations of F.
+**
+** {F16621} A call to [sqlite3_create_collation(B,X,E,P,F)] is exactly
+**          the same as a call to [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()] with
+**          the same parameters and a NULL destructor.
+**
+** {F16624} Following a [sqlite3_create_collation_v2(B,X,E,P,F,D)],
+**          SQLite uses the comparison function F for all text comparison
+**          operations on [database connection] B on text values that
+**          use the collating sequence name X.
+**
+** {F16627} The [sqlite3_create_collation16(B,X,E,P,F)] works the same
+**          as [sqlite3_create_collation(B,X,E,P,F)] except that the
+**          collation name X is understood as UTF-16 in native byte order
+**          instead of UTF-8.
+**
+** {F16630} When multiple comparison functions are available for the same
+**          collating sequence, SQLite chooses the one whose text encoding
+**          requires the least amount of conversion from the default
+**          text encoding of the database.
+*/
+int sqlite3_create_collation(
+  sqlite3*, 
+  const char *zName, 
+  int eTextRep, 
+  void*,
+  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
+);
+int sqlite3_create_collation_v2(
+  sqlite3*, 
+  const char *zName, 
+  int eTextRep, 
+  void*,
+  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*),
+  void(*xDestroy)(void*)
+);
+int sqlite3_create_collation16(
+  sqlite3*, 
+  const char *zName, 
+  int eTextRep, 
+  void*,
+  int(*xCompare)(void*,int,const void*,int,const void*)
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Collation Needed Callbacks {F16700}
+**
+** To avoid having to register all collation sequences before a database
+** can be used, a single callback function may be registered with the
+** database handle to be called whenever an undefined collation sequence is
+** required.
+**
+** If the function is registered using the sqlite3_collation_needed() API,
+** then it is passed the names of undefined collation sequences as strings
+** encoded in UTF-8. {F16703} If sqlite3_collation_needed16() is used, the names
+** are passed as UTF-16 in machine native byte order. A call to either
+** function replaces any existing callback.
+**
+** When the callback is invoked, the first argument passed is a copy
+** of the second argument to sqlite3_collation_needed() or
+** sqlite3_collation_needed16().  The second argument is the database
+** handle.  The third argument is one of [SQLITE_UTF8],
+** [SQLITE_UTF16BE], or [SQLITE_UTF16LE], indicating the most
+** desirable form of the collation sequence function required.
+** The fourth parameter is the name of the
+** required collation sequence.
+**
+** The callback function should register the desired collation using
+** [sqlite3_create_collation()], [sqlite3_create_collation16()], or
+** [sqlite3_create_collation_v2()].
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F16702} A successful call to [sqlite3_collation_needed(D,P,F)]
+**          or [sqlite3_collation_needed16(D,P,F)] causes
+**          the [database connection] D to invoke callback F with first
+**          parameter P whenever it needs a comparison function for a
+**          collating sequence that it does not know about.
+**
+** {F16704} Each successful call to [sqlite3_collation_needed()] or
+**          [sqlite3_collation_needed16()] overrides the callback registered
+**          on the same [database connection] by prior calls to either
+**          interface.
+**
+** {F16706} The name of the requested collating function passed in the
+**          4th parameter to the callback is in UTF-8 if the callback
+**          was registered using [sqlite3_collation_needed()] and
+**          is in UTF-16 native byte order if the callback was
+**          registered using [sqlite3_collation_needed16()].
+**
+** 
+*/
+int sqlite3_collation_needed(
+  sqlite3*, 
+  void*, 
+  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*)
+);
+int sqlite3_collation_needed16(
+  sqlite3*, 
+  void*,
+  void(*)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*)
+);
+
+/*
+** Specify the key for an encrypted database.  This routine should be
+** called right after sqlite3_open().
+**
+** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
+** of SQLite.
+*/
+int sqlite3_key(
+  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
+  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The key */
+);
+
+/*
+** Change the key on an open database.  If the current database is not
+** encrypted, this routine will encrypt it.  If pNew==0 or nNew==0, the
+** database is decrypted.
+**
+** The code to implement this API is not available in the public release
+** of SQLite.
+*/
+int sqlite3_rekey(
+  sqlite3 *db,                   /* Database to be rekeyed */
+  const void *pKey, int nKey     /* The new key */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Suspend Execution For A Short Time {F10530}
+**
+** The sqlite3_sleep() function
+** causes the current thread to suspend execution
+** for at least a number of milliseconds specified in its parameter.
+**
+** If the operating system does not support sleep requests with 
+** millisecond time resolution, then the time will be rounded up to 
+** the nearest second. The number of milliseconds of sleep actually 
+** requested from the operating system is returned.
+**
+** SQLite implements this interface by calling the xSleep()
+** method of the default [sqlite3_vfs] object.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F10533} The [sqlite3_sleep(M)] interface invokes the xSleep
+**          method of the default [sqlite3_vfs|VFS] in order to
+**          suspend execution of the current thread for at least
+**          M milliseconds.
+**
+** {F10536} The [sqlite3_sleep(M)] interface returns the number of
+**          milliseconds of sleep actually requested of the operating
+**          system, which might be larger than the parameter M.
+*/
+int sqlite3_sleep(int);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Name Of The Folder Holding Temporary Files {F10310}
+**
+** If this global variable is made to point to a string which is
+** the name of a folder (a.ka. directory), then all temporary files
+** created by SQLite will be placed in that directory.  If this variable
+** is NULL pointer, then SQLite does a search for an appropriate temporary
+** file directory.
+**
+** It is not safe to modify this variable once a database connection
+** has been opened.  It is intended that this variable be set once
+** as part of process initialization and before any SQLite interface
+** routines have been call and remain unchanged thereafter.
+*/
+SQLITE_EXTERN char *sqlite3_temp_directory;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Test To See If The Database Is In Auto-Commit Mode {F12930}
+**
+** The sqlite3_get_autocommit() interfaces returns non-zero or
+** zero if the given database connection is or is not in autocommit mode,
+** respectively.   Autocommit mode is on
+** by default.  Autocommit mode is disabled by a [BEGIN] statement.
+** Autocommit mode is reenabled by a [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK].
+**
+** If certain kinds of errors occur on a statement within a multi-statement
+** transactions (errors including [SQLITE_FULL], [SQLITE_IOERR], 
+** [SQLITE_NOMEM], [SQLITE_BUSY], and [SQLITE_INTERRUPT]) then the
+** transaction might be rolled back automatically.  The only way to
+** find out if SQLite automatically rolled back the transaction after
+** an error is to use this function.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12931} The [sqlite3_get_autocommit(D)] interface returns non-zero or
+**          zero if the [database connection] D is or is not in autocommit
+**          mode, respectively.
+**
+** {F12932} Autocommit mode is on by default.
+**
+** {F12933} Autocommit mode is disabled by a successful [BEGIN] statement.
+**
+** {F12934} Autocommit mode is enabled by a successful [COMMIT] or [ROLLBACK]
+**          statement.
+** 
+**
+** LIMITATIONS:
+***
+** {U12936} If another thread changes the autocommit status of the database
+**          connection while this routine is running, then the return value
+**          is undefined.
+*/
+int sqlite3_get_autocommit(sqlite3*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Find The Database Handle Of A Prepared Statement {F13120}
+**
+** The sqlite3_db_handle interface
+** returns the [sqlite3*] database handle to which a
+** [prepared statement] belongs.
+** The database handle returned by sqlite3_db_handle
+** is the same database handle that was
+** the first argument to the [sqlite3_prepare_v2()] or its variants
+** that was used to create the statement in the first place.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F13123} The [sqlite3_db_handle(S)] interface returns a pointer
+**          to the [database connection] associated with
+**          [prepared statement] S.
+*/
+sqlite3 *sqlite3_db_handle(sqlite3_stmt*);
+
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Commit And Rollback Notification Callbacks {F12950}
+**
+** The sqlite3_commit_hook() interface registers a callback
+** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is committed.
+** Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
+** for the same database connection is overridden.
+** The sqlite3_rollback_hook() interface registers a callback
+** function to be invoked whenever a transaction is committed.
+** Any callback set by a previous call to sqlite3_commit_hook()
+** for the same database connection is overridden.
+** The pArg argument is passed through
+** to the callback.  If the callback on a commit hook function 
+** returns non-zero, then the commit is converted into a rollback.
+**
+** If another function was previously registered, its
+** pArg value is returned.  Otherwise NULL is returned.
+**
+** Registering a NULL function disables the callback.
+**
+** For the purposes of this API, a transaction is said to have been 
+** rolled back if an explicit "ROLLBACK" statement is executed, or
+** an error or constraint causes an implicit rollback to occur.
+** The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
+** automatically rolled back because the database connection is closed.
+** The rollback callback is not invoked if a transaction is
+** rolled back because a commit callback returned non-zero.
+** <todo> Check on this </todo>
+**
+** These are experimental interfaces and are subject to change.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12951} The [sqlite3_commit_hook(D,F,P)] interface registers the
+**          callback function F to be invoked with argument P whenever
+**          a transaction commits on [database connection] D.
+**
+** {F12952} The [sqlite3_commit_hook(D,F,P)] interface returns the P
+**          argument from the previous call with the same 
+**          [database connection ] D , or NULL on the first call
+**          for a particular [database connection] D.
+**
+** {F12953} Each call to [sqlite3_commit_hook()] overwrites the callback
+**          registered by prior calls.
+**
+** {F12954} If the F argument to [sqlite3_commit_hook(D,F,P)] is NULL
+**          then the commit hook callback is cancelled and no callback
+**          is invoked when a transaction commits.
+**
+** {F12955} If the commit callback returns non-zero then the commit is
+**          converted into a rollback.
+**
+** {F12961} The [sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,F,P)] interface registers the
+**          callback function F to be invoked with argument P whenever
+**          a transaction rolls back on [database connection] D.
+**
+** {F12962} The [sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,F,P)] interface returns the P
+**          argument from the previous call with the same 
+**          [database connection ] D , or NULL on the first call
+**          for a particular [database connection] D.
+**
+** {F12963} Each call to [sqlite3_rollback_hook()] overwrites the callback
+**          registered by prior calls.
+**
+** {F12964} If the F argument to [sqlite3_rollback_hook(D,F,P)] is NULL
+**          then the rollback hook callback is cancelled and no callback
+**          is invoked when a transaction rolls back.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_commit_hook(sqlite3*, int(*)(void*), void*);
+void *sqlite3_rollback_hook(sqlite3*, void(*)(void *), void*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Data Change Notification Callbacks {F12970}
+**
+** The sqlite3_update_hook() interface
+** registers a callback function with the database connection identified by the 
+** first argument to be invoked whenever a row is updated, inserted or deleted.
+** Any callback set by a previous call to this function for the same 
+** database connection is overridden.
+**
+** The second argument is a pointer to the function to invoke when a 
+** row is updated, inserted or deleted. 
+** The first argument to the callback is
+** a copy of the third argument to sqlite3_update_hook().
+** The second callback 
+** argument is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE],
+** depending on the operation that caused the callback to be invoked.
+** The third and 
+** fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers to the database and 
+** table name containing the affected row.
+** The final callback parameter is 
+** the rowid of the row.
+** In the case of an update, this is the rowid after 
+** the update takes place.
+**
+** The update hook is not invoked when internal system tables are
+** modified (i.e. sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence).
+**
+** If another function was previously registered, its pArg value
+** is returned.  Otherwise NULL is returned.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F12971} The [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)] interface causes callback
+**          function F to be invoked with first parameter P whenever
+**          a table row is modified, inserted, or deleted on
+**          [database connection] D.
+**
+** {F12973} The [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)] interface returns the value
+**          of P for the previous call on the same [database connection] D,
+**          or NULL for the first call.
+**
+** {F12975} If the update hook callback F in [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)]
+**          is NULL then the no update callbacks are made.
+**
+** {F12977} Each call to [sqlite3_update_hook(D,F,P)] overrides prior calls
+**          to the same interface on the same [database connection] D.
+**
+** {F12979} The update hook callback is not invoked when internal system
+**          tables such as sqlite_master and sqlite_sequence are modified.
+**
+** {F12981} The second parameter to the update callback 
+**          is one of [SQLITE_INSERT], [SQLITE_DELETE] or [SQLITE_UPDATE],
+**          depending on the operation that caused the callback to be invoked.
+**
+** {F12983} The third and fourth arguments to the callback contain pointers
+**          to zero-terminated UTF-8 strings which are the names of the
+**          database and table that is being updated.
+
+** {F12985} The final callback parameter is the rowid of the row after
+**          the change occurs.
+*/
+void *sqlite3_update_hook(
+  sqlite3*, 
+  void(*)(void *,int ,char const *,char const *,sqlite3_int64),
+  void*
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Enable Or Disable Shared Pager Cache {F10330}
+**
+** This routine enables or disables the sharing of the database cache
+** and schema data structures between connections to the same database.
+** Sharing is enabled if the argument is true and disabled if the argument
+** is false.
+**
+** Cache sharing is enabled and disabled
+** for an entire process. {END} This is a change as of SQLite version 3.5.0.
+** In prior versions of SQLite, sharing was
+** enabled or disabled for each thread separately.
+**
+** The cache sharing mode set by this interface effects all subsequent
+** calls to [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open_v2()], and [sqlite3_open16()].
+** Existing database connections continue use the sharing mode
+** that was in effect at the time they were opened.
+**
+** Virtual tables cannot be used with a shared cache.   When shared
+** cache is enabled, the [sqlite3_create_module()] API used to register
+** virtual tables will always return an error.
+**
+** This routine returns [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was
+** enabled or disabled successfully.  An [error code]
+** is returned otherwise.
+**
+** Shared cache is disabled by default. But this might change in
+** future releases of SQLite.  Applications that care about shared
+** cache setting should set it explicitly.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+** 
+** {F10331} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(B)]
+**          will enable or disable shared cache mode for any subsequently
+**          created [database connection] in the same process.
+**
+** {F10336} When shared cache is enabled, the [sqlite3_create_module()]
+**          interface will always return an error.
+**
+** {F10337} The [sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(B)] interface returns
+**          [SQLITE_OK] if shared cache was enabled or disabled successfully.
+**
+** {F10339} Shared cache is disabled by default.
+*/
+int sqlite3_enable_shared_cache(int);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Attempt To Free Heap Memory {F17340}
+**
+** The sqlite3_release_memory() interface attempts to
+** free N bytes of heap memory by deallocating non-essential memory
+** allocations held by the database labrary. {END}  Memory used
+** to cache database pages to improve performance is an example of
+** non-essential memory.  Sqlite3_release_memory() returns
+** the number of bytes actually freed, which might be more or less
+** than the amount requested.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F17341} The [sqlite3_release_memory(N)] interface attempts to
+**          free N bytes of heap memory by deallocating non-essential
+**          memory allocations held by the database labrary.
+**
+** {F16342} The [sqlite3_release_memory(N)] returns the number
+**          of bytes actually freed, which might be more or less
+**          than the amount requested.
+*/
+int sqlite3_release_memory(int);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Impose A Limit On Heap Size {F17350}
+**
+** The sqlite3_soft_heap_limit() interface
+** places a "soft" limit on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated
+** by SQLite. If an internal allocation is requested 
+** that would exceed the soft heap limit, [sqlite3_release_memory()] is
+** invoked one or more times to free up some space before the allocation
+** is made.
+**
+** The limit is called "soft", because if
+** [sqlite3_release_memory()] cannot
+** free sufficient memory to prevent the limit from being exceeded,
+** the memory is allocated anyway and the current operation proceeds.
+**
+** A negative or zero value for N means that there is no soft heap limit and
+** [sqlite3_release_memory()] will only be called when memory is exhausted.
+** The default value for the soft heap limit is zero.
+**
+** SQLite makes a best effort to honor the soft heap limit.  
+** But if the soft heap limit cannot honored, execution will
+** continue without error or notification.  This is why the limit is 
+** called a "soft" limit.  It is advisory only.
+**
+** Prior to SQLite version 3.5.0, this routine only constrained the memory
+** allocated by a single thread - the same thread in which this routine
+** runs.  Beginning with SQLite version 3.5.0, the soft heap limit is
+** applied to all threads. The value specified for the soft heap limit
+** is an upper bound on the total memory allocation for all threads. In
+** version 3.5.0 there is no mechanism for limiting the heap usage for
+** individual threads.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F16351} The [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)] interface places a soft limit
+**          of N bytes on the amount of heap memory that may be allocated
+**          using [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] at any point
+**          in time.
+**
+** {F16352} If a call to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] would
+**          cause the total amount of allocated memory to exceed the
+**          soft heap limit, then [sqlite3_release_memory()] is invoked
+**          in an attempt to reduce the memory usage prior to proceeding
+**          with the memory allocation attempt.
+**
+** {F16353} Calls to [sqlite3_malloc()] or [sqlite3_realloc()] that trigger
+**          attempts to reduce memory usage through the soft heap limit
+**          mechanism continue even if the attempt to reduce memory
+**          usage is unsuccessful.
+**
+** {F16354} A negative or zero value for N in a call to
+**          [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)] means that there is no soft
+**          heap limit and [sqlite3_release_memory()] will only be
+**          called when memory is completely exhausted.
+**
+** {F16355} The default value for the soft heap limit is zero.
+**
+** {F16358} Each call to [sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(N)] overrides the
+**          values set by all prior calls.
+*/
+void sqlite3_soft_heap_limit(int);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Extract Metadata About A Column Of A Table {F12850}
+**
+** This routine
+** returns meta-data about a specific column of a specific database
+** table accessible using the connection handle passed as the first function 
+** argument.
+**
+** The column is identified by the second, third and fourth parameters to 
+** this function. The second parameter is either the name of the database
+** (i.e. "main", "temp" or an attached database) containing the specified
+** table or NULL. If it is NULL, then all attached databases are searched
+** for the table using the same algorithm as the database engine uses to 
+** resolve unqualified table references.
+**
+** The third and fourth parameters to this function are the table and column 
+** name of the desired column, respectively. Neither of these parameters 
+** may be NULL.
+**
+** Meta information is returned by writing to the memory locations passed as
+** the 5th and subsequent parameters to this function. Any of these 
+** arguments may be NULL, in which case the corresponding element of meta 
+** information is ommitted.
+**
+** <pre>
+** Parameter     Output Type      Description
+** -----------------------------------
+**
+**   5th         const char*      Data type
+**   6th         const char*      Name of the default collation sequence 
+**   7th         int              True if the column has a NOT NULL constraint
+**   8th         int              True if the column is part of the PRIMARY KEY
+**   9th         int              True if the column is AUTOINCREMENT
+** </pre>
+**
+**
+** The memory pointed to by the character pointers returned for the 
+** declaration type and collation sequence is valid only until the next 
+** call to any sqlite API function.
+**
+** If the specified table is actually a view, then an error is returned.
+**
+** If the specified column is "rowid", "oid" or "_rowid_" and an 
+** INTEGER PRIMARY KEY column has been explicitly declared, then the output 
+** parameters are set for the explicitly declared column. If there is no
+** explicitly declared IPK column, then the output parameters are set as 
+** follows:
+**
+** <pre>
+**     data type: "INTEGER"
+**     collation sequence: "BINARY"
+**     not null: 0
+**     primary key: 1
+**     auto increment: 0
+** </pre>
+**
+** This function may load one or more schemas from database files. If an
+** error occurs during this process, or if the requested table or column
+** cannot be found, an SQLITE error code is returned and an error message
+** left in the database handle (to be retrieved using sqlite3_errmsg()).
+**
+** This API is only available if the library was compiled with the
+** SQLITE_ENABLE_COLUMN_METADATA preprocessor symbol defined.
+*/
+int sqlite3_table_column_metadata(
+  sqlite3 *db,                /* Connection handle */
+  const char *zDbName,        /* Database name or NULL */
+  const char *zTableName,     /* Table name */
+  const char *zColumnName,    /* Column name */
+  char const **pzDataType,    /* OUTPUT: Declared data type */
+  char const **pzCollSeq,     /* OUTPUT: Collation sequence name */
+  int *pNotNull,              /* OUTPUT: True if NOT NULL constraint exists */
+  int *pPrimaryKey,           /* OUTPUT: True if column part of PK */
+  int *pAutoinc               /* OUTPUT: True if column is auto-increment */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Load An Extension {F12600}
+**
+** {F12601} The sqlite3_load_extension() interface
+** attempts to load an SQLite extension library contained in the file
+** zFile. {F12602} The entry point is zProc. {F12603} zProc may be 0
+** in which case the name of the entry point defaults
+** to "sqlite3_extension_init".
+**
+** {F12604} The sqlite3_load_extension() interface shall
+** return [SQLITE_OK] on success and [SQLITE_ERROR] if something goes wrong.
+**
+** {F12605}
+** If an error occurs and pzErrMsg is not 0, then the
+** sqlite3_load_extension() interface shall attempt to fill *pzErrMsg with 
+** error message text stored in memory obtained from [sqlite3_malloc()].
+** {END}  The calling function should free this memory
+** by calling [sqlite3_free()].
+**
+** {F12606}
+** Extension loading must be enabled using [sqlite3_enable_load_extension()]
+** prior to calling this API or an error will be returned.
+*/
+int sqlite3_load_extension(
+  sqlite3 *db,          /* Load the extension into this database connection */
+  const char *zFile,    /* Name of the shared library containing extension */
+  const char *zProc,    /* Entry point.  Derived from zFile if 0 */
+  char **pzErrMsg       /* Put error message here if not 0 */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Enable Or Disable Extension Loading {F12620}
+**
+** So as not to open security holes in older applications that are
+** unprepared to deal with extension loading, and as a means of disabling
+** extension loading while evaluating user-entered SQL, the following
+** API is provided to turn the [sqlite3_load_extension()] mechanism on and
+** off.  {F12622} It is off by default. {END} See ticket #1863.
+**
+** {F12621} Call the sqlite3_enable_load_extension() routine
+** with onoff==1 to turn extension loading on
+** and call it with onoff==0 to turn it back off again. {END}
+*/
+int sqlite3_enable_load_extension(sqlite3 *db, int onoff);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Make Arrangements To Automatically Load An Extension {F12640}
+**
+** {F12641} This function
+** registers an extension entry point that is automatically invoked
+** whenever a new database connection is opened using
+** [sqlite3_open()], [sqlite3_open16()], or [sqlite3_open_v2()]. {END}
+**
+** This API can be invoked at program startup in order to register
+** one or more statically linked extensions that will be available
+** to all new database connections.
+**
+** {F12642} Duplicate extensions are detected so calling this routine multiple
+** times with the same extension is harmless.
+**
+** {F12643} This routine stores a pointer to the extension in an array
+** that is obtained from sqlite_malloc(). {END} If you run a memory leak
+** checker on your program and it reports a leak because of this
+** array, then invoke [sqlite3_reset_auto_extension()] prior
+** to shutdown to free the memory.
+**
+** {F12644} Automatic extensions apply across all threads. {END}
+**
+** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
+** removal in future releases of SQLite.
+*/
+int sqlite3_auto_extension(void *xEntryPoint);
+
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Reset Automatic Extension Loading {F12660}
+**
+** {F12661} This function disables all previously registered
+** automatic extensions. {END}  This
+** routine undoes the effect of all prior [sqlite3_auto_extension()]
+** calls.
+**
+** {F12662} This call disabled automatic extensions in all threads. {END}
+**
+** This interface is experimental and is subject to change or
+** removal in future releases of SQLite.
+*/
+void sqlite3_reset_auto_extension(void);
+
+
+/*
+****** EXPERIMENTAL - subject to change without notice **************
+**
+** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism is currently considered
+** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
+** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
+**
+** When the virtual-table mechanism stablizes, we will declare the
+** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
+*/
+
+/*
+** Structures used by the virtual table interface
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_vtab sqlite3_vtab;
+typedef struct sqlite3_index_info sqlite3_index_info;
+typedef struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor sqlite3_vtab_cursor;
+typedef struct sqlite3_module sqlite3_module;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Object {F18000}
+** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_module
+**
+** A module is a class of virtual tables.  Each module is defined
+** by an instance of the following structure.  This structure consists
+** mostly of methods for the module.
+*/
+struct sqlite3_module {
+  int iVersion;
+  int (*xCreate)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
+               int argc, const char *const*argv,
+               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
+  int (*xConnect)(sqlite3*, void *pAux,
+               int argc, const char *const*argv,
+               sqlite3_vtab **ppVTab, char**);
+  int (*xBestIndex)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_index_info*);
+  int (*xDisconnect)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
+  int (*xDestroy)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
+  int (*xOpen)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor);
+  int (*xClose)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
+  int (*xFilter)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
+                int argc, sqlite3_value **argv);
+  int (*xNext)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
+  int (*xEof)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*);
+  int (*xColumn)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_context*, int);
+  int (*xRowid)(sqlite3_vtab_cursor*, sqlite3_int64 *pRowid);
+  int (*xUpdate)(sqlite3_vtab *, int, sqlite3_value **, sqlite3_int64 *);
+  int (*xBegin)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
+  int (*xSync)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
+  int (*xCommit)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
+  int (*xRollback)(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab);
+  int (*xFindFunction)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, int nArg, const char *zName,
+                       void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
+                       void **ppArg);
+
+  int (*xRename)(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab, const char *zNew);
+};
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Indexing Information {F18100}
+** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_index_info
+**
+** The sqlite3_index_info structure and its substructures is used to
+** pass information into and receive the reply from the xBestIndex
+** method of an sqlite3_module.  The fields under **Inputs** are the
+** inputs to xBestIndex and are read-only.  xBestIndex inserts its
+** results into the **Outputs** fields.
+**
+** The aConstraint[] array records WHERE clause constraints of the
+** form:
+**
+**         column OP expr
+**
+** Where OP is =, &lt;, &lt;=, &gt;, or &gt;=.  
+** The particular operator is stored
+** in aConstraint[].op.  The index of the column is stored in 
+** aConstraint[].iColumn.  aConstraint[].usable is TRUE if the
+** expr on the right-hand side can be evaluated (and thus the constraint
+** is usable) and false if it cannot.
+**
+** The optimizer automatically inverts terms of the form "expr OP column"
+** and makes other simplifications to the WHERE clause in an attempt to
+** get as many WHERE clause terms into the form shown above as possible.
+** The aConstraint[] array only reports WHERE clause terms in the correct
+** form that refer to the particular virtual table being queried.
+**
+** Information about the ORDER BY clause is stored in aOrderBy[].
+** Each term of aOrderBy records a column of the ORDER BY clause.
+**
+** The xBestIndex method must fill aConstraintUsage[] with information
+** about what parameters to pass to xFilter.  If argvIndex>0 then
+** the right-hand side of the corresponding aConstraint[] is evaluated
+** and becomes the argvIndex-th entry in argv.  If aConstraintUsage[].omit
+** is true, then the constraint is assumed to be fully handled by the
+** virtual table and is not checked again by SQLite.
+**
+** The idxNum and idxPtr values are recorded and passed into xFilter.
+** sqlite3_free() is used to free idxPtr if needToFreeIdxPtr is true.
+**
+** The orderByConsumed means that output from xFilter will occur in
+** the correct order to satisfy the ORDER BY clause so that no separate
+** sorting step is required.
+**
+** The estimatedCost value is an estimate of the cost of doing the
+** particular lookup.  A full scan of a table with N entries should have
+** a cost of N.  A binary search of a table of N entries should have a
+** cost of approximately log(N).
+*/
+struct sqlite3_index_info {
+  /* Inputs */
+  int nConstraint;           /* Number of entries in aConstraint */
+  struct sqlite3_index_constraint {
+     int iColumn;              /* Column on left-hand side of constraint */
+     unsigned char op;         /* Constraint operator */
+     unsigned char usable;     /* True if this constraint is usable */
+     int iTermOffset;          /* Used internally - xBestIndex should ignore */
+  } *aConstraint;            /* Table of WHERE clause constraints */
+  int nOrderBy;              /* Number of terms in the ORDER BY clause */
+  struct sqlite3_index_orderby {
+     int iColumn;              /* Column number */
+     unsigned char desc;       /* True for DESC.  False for ASC. */
+  } *aOrderBy;               /* The ORDER BY clause */
+
+  /* Outputs */
+  struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage {
+    int argvIndex;           /* if >0, constraint is part of argv to xFilter */
+    unsigned char omit;      /* Do not code a test for this constraint */
+  } *aConstraintUsage;
+  int idxNum;                /* Number used to identify the index */
+  char *idxStr;              /* String, possibly obtained from sqlite3_malloc */
+  int needToFreeIdxStr;      /* Free idxStr using sqlite3_free() if true */
+  int orderByConsumed;       /* True if output is already ordered */
+  double estimatedCost;      /* Estimated cost of using this index */
+};
+#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ    2
+#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT    4
+#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE    8
+#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT    16
+#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE    32
+#define SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH 64
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation {F18200}
+**
+** This routine is used to register a new module name with an SQLite
+** connection.  Module names must be registered before creating new
+** virtual tables on the module, or before using preexisting virtual
+** tables of the module.
+*/
+int sqlite3_create_module(
+  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
+  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
+  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
+  void *                     /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Register A Virtual Table Implementation {F18210}
+**
+** This routine is identical to the sqlite3_create_module() method above,
+** except that it allows a destructor function to be specified. It is
+** even more experimental than the rest of the virtual tables API.
+*/
+int sqlite3_create_module_v2(
+  sqlite3 *db,               /* SQLite connection to register module with */
+  const char *zName,         /* Name of the module */
+  const sqlite3_module *,    /* Methods for the module */
+  void *,                    /* Client data for xCreate/xConnect */
+  void(*xDestroy)(void*)     /* Module destructor function */
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Instance Object {F18010}
+** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab
+**
+** Every module implementation uses a subclass of the following structure
+** to describe a particular instance of the module.  Each subclass will
+** be tailored to the specific needs of the module implementation.   The
+** purpose of this superclass is to define certain fields that are common
+** to all module implementations.
+**
+** Virtual tables methods can set an error message by assigning a
+** string obtained from sqlite3_mprintf() to zErrMsg.  The method should
+** take care that any prior string is freed by a call to sqlite3_free()
+** prior to assigning a new string to zErrMsg.  After the error message
+** is delivered up to the client application, the string will be automatically
+** freed by sqlite3_free() and the zErrMsg field will be zeroed.  Note
+** that sqlite3_mprintf() and sqlite3_free() are used on the zErrMsg field
+** since virtual tables are commonly implemented in loadable extensions which
+** do not have access to sqlite3MPrintf() or sqlite3Free().
+*/
+struct sqlite3_vtab {
+  const sqlite3_module *pModule;  /* The module for this virtual table */
+  int nRef;                       /* Used internally */
+  char *zErrMsg;                  /* Error message from sqlite3_mprintf() */
+  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
+};
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Virtual Table Cursor Object  {F18020}
+** KEYWORDS: sqlite3_vtab_cursor
+**
+** Every module implementation uses a subclass of the following structure
+** to describe cursors that point into the virtual table and are used
+** to loop through the virtual table.  Cursors are created using the
+** xOpen method of the module.  Each module implementation will define
+** the content of a cursor structure to suit its own needs.
+**
+** This superclass exists in order to define fields of the cursor that
+** are common to all implementations.
+*/
+struct sqlite3_vtab_cursor {
+  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Virtual table of this cursor */
+  /* Virtual table implementations will typically add additional fields */
+};
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Declare The Schema Of A Virtual Table {F18280}
+**
+** The xCreate and xConnect methods of a module use the following API
+** to declare the format (the names and datatypes of the columns) of
+** the virtual tables they implement.
+*/
+int sqlite3_declare_vtab(sqlite3*, const char *zCreateTable);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Overload A Function For A Virtual Table {F18300}
+**
+** Virtual tables can provide alternative implementations of functions
+** using the xFindFunction method.  But global versions of those functions
+** must exist in order to be overloaded.
+**
+** This API makes sure a global version of a function with a particular
+** name and number of parameters exists.  If no such function exists
+** before this API is called, a new function is created.  The implementation
+** of the new function always causes an exception to be thrown.  So
+** the new function is not good for anything by itself.  Its only
+** purpose is to be a place-holder function that can be overloaded
+** by virtual tables.
+**
+** This API should be considered part of the virtual table interface,
+** which is experimental and subject to change.
+*/
+int sqlite3_overload_function(sqlite3*, const char *zFuncName, int nArg);
+
+/*
+** The interface to the virtual-table mechanism defined above (back up
+** to a comment remarkably similar to this one) is currently considered
+** to be experimental.  The interface might change in incompatible ways.
+** If this is a problem for you, do not use the interface at this time.
+**
+** When the virtual-table mechanism stabilizes, we will declare the
+** interface fixed, support it indefinitely, and remove this comment.
+**
+****** EXPERIMENTAL - subject to change without notice **************
+*/
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: A Handle To An Open BLOB {F17800}
+**
+** An instance of this object represents an open BLOB on which
+** incremental I/O can be preformed.
+** Objects of this type are created by
+** [sqlite3_blob_open()] and destroyed by [sqlite3_blob_close()].
+** The [sqlite3_blob_read()] and [sqlite3_blob_write()] interfaces
+** can be used to read or write small subsections of the blob.
+** The [sqlite3_blob_bytes()] interface returns the size of the
+** blob in bytes.
+*/
+typedef struct sqlite3_blob sqlite3_blob;
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Open A BLOB For Incremental I/O {F17810}
+**
+** This interfaces opens a handle to the blob located
+** in row iRow, column zColumn, table zTable in database zDb;
+** in other words,  the same blob that would be selected by:
+**
+** <pre>
+**     SELECT zColumn FROM zDb.zTable WHERE rowid = iRow;
+** </pre> {END}
+**
+** If the flags parameter is non-zero, the blob is opened for 
+** read and write access. If it is zero, the blob is opened for read 
+** access.
+**
+** Note that the database name is not the filename that contains
+** the database but rather the symbolic name of the database that
+** is assigned when the database is connected using [ATTACH].
+** For the main database file, the database name is "main".  For
+** TEMP tables, the database name is "temp".
+**
+** On success, [SQLITE_OK] is returned and the new 
+** [sqlite3_blob | blob handle] is written to *ppBlob. 
+** Otherwise an error code is returned and 
+** any value written to *ppBlob should not be used by the caller.
+** This function sets the database-handle error code and message
+** accessible via [sqlite3_errcode()] and [sqlite3_errmsg()].
+** 
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F17813} A successful invocation of the [sqlite3_blob_open(D,B,T,C,R,F,P)]
+**          interface opens an [sqlite3_blob] object P on the blob
+**          in column C of table T in database B on [database connection] D.
+**
+** {F17814} A successful invocation of [sqlite3_blob_open(D,...)] starts
+**          a new transaction on [database connection] D if that connection
+**          is not already in a transaction.
+**
+** {F17816} The [sqlite3_blob_open(D,B,T,C,R,F,P)] interface opens the blob
+**          for read and write access if and only if the F parameter
+**          is non-zero.
+**
+** {F17819} The [sqlite3_blob_open()] interface returns [SQLITE_OK] on 
+**          success and an appropriate [error code] on failure.
+**
+** {F17821} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_open(D,...)]
+**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
+**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] will return
+**          information approprate for that error.
+*/
+int sqlite3_blob_open(
+  sqlite3*,
+  const char *zDb,
+  const char *zTable,
+  const char *zColumn,
+  sqlite3_int64 iRow,
+  int flags,
+  sqlite3_blob **ppBlob
+);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Close A BLOB Handle {F17830}
+**
+** Close an open [sqlite3_blob | blob handle].
+**
+** Closing a BLOB shall cause the current transaction to commit
+** if there are no other BLOBs, no pending prepared statements, and the
+** database connection is in autocommit mode.
+** If any writes were made to the BLOB, they might be held in cache
+** until the close operation if they will fit. {END}
+** Closing the BLOB often forces the changes
+** out to disk and so if any I/O errors occur, they will likely occur
+** at the time when the BLOB is closed.  {F17833} Any errors that occur during
+** closing are reported as a non-zero return value.
+**
+** The BLOB is closed unconditionally.  Even if this routine returns
+** an error code, the BLOB is still closed.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F17833} The [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] interface closes an
+**          [sqlite3_blob] object P previously opened using
+**          [sqlite3_blob_open()].
+**
+** {F17836} Closing an [sqlite3_blob] object using
+**          [sqlite3_blob_close()] shall cause the current transaction to
+**          commit if there are no other open [sqlite3_blob] objects
+**          or [prepared statements] on the same [database connection] and
+**          the [database connection] is in
+**          [sqlite3_get_autocommit | autocommit mode].
+**
+** {F17839} The [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] interfaces closes the 
+**          [sqlite3_blob] object P unconditionally, even if
+**          [sqlite3_blob_close(P)] returns something other than [SQLITE_OK].
+**          
+*/
+int sqlite3_blob_close(sqlite3_blob *);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Return The Size Of An Open BLOB {F17840}
+**
+** Return the size in bytes of the blob accessible via the open 
+** [sqlite3_blob] object in its only argument.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F17843} The [sqlite3_blob_bytes(P)] interface returns the size
+**          in bytes of the BLOB that the [sqlite3_blob] object P
+**          refers to.
+*/
+int sqlite3_blob_bytes(sqlite3_blob *);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Read Data From A BLOB Incrementally {F17850}
+**
+** This function is used to read data from an open 
+** [sqlite3_blob | blob-handle] into a caller supplied buffer.
+** N bytes of data are copied into buffer
+** Z from the open blob, starting at offset iOffset.
+**
+** If offset iOffset is less than N bytes from the end of the blob, 
+** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.  If N or iOffset is
+** less than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is read.
+**
+** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an 
+** [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F17853} The [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface reads N bytes
+**          beginning at offset X from
+**          the blob that [sqlite3_blob] object P refers to
+**          and writes those N bytes into buffer Z.
+**
+** {F17856} In [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] if the size of the blob
+**          is less than N+X bytes, then the function returns [SQLITE_ERROR]
+**          and nothing is read from the blob.
+**
+** {F17859} In [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] if X or N is less than zero
+**          then the function returns [SQLITE_ERROR]
+**          and nothing is read from the blob.
+**
+** {F17862} The [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
+**          if N bytes where successfully read into buffer Z.
+**
+** {F17865} If the requested read could not be completed,
+**          the [sqlite3_blob_read(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns an
+**          appropriate [error code] or [extended error code].
+**
+** {F17868} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_read(P,...)]
+**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
+**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] will return
+**          information approprate for that error, where D is the
+**          database handle that was used to open blob handle P.
+*/
+int sqlite3_blob_read(sqlite3_blob *, void *Z, int N, int iOffset);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Write Data Into A BLOB Incrementally {F17870}
+**
+** This function is used to write data into an open 
+** [sqlite3_blob | blob-handle] from a user supplied buffer.
+** n bytes of data are copied from the buffer
+** pointed to by z into the open blob, starting at offset iOffset.
+**
+** If the [sqlite3_blob | blob-handle] passed as the first argument
+** was not opened for writing (the flags parameter to [sqlite3_blob_open()]
+*** was zero), this function returns [SQLITE_READONLY].
+**
+** This function may only modify the contents of the blob; it is
+** not possible to increase the size of a blob using this API.
+** If offset iOffset is less than n bytes from the end of the blob, 
+** [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.  If n is
+** less than zero [SQLITE_ERROR] is returned and no data is written.
+**
+** On success, SQLITE_OK is returned. Otherwise, an 
+** [error code] or an [extended error code] is returned.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F17873} The [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface writes N bytes
+**          from buffer Z into
+**          the blob that [sqlite3_blob] object P refers to
+**          beginning at an offset of X into the blob.
+**
+** {F17875} The [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns
+**          [SQLITE_READONLY] if the [sqlite3_blob] object P was
+**          [sqlite3_blob_open | opened] for reading only.
+**
+** {F17876} In [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] if the size of the blob
+**          is less than N+X bytes, then the function returns [SQLITE_ERROR]
+**          and nothing is written into the blob.
+**
+** {F17879} In [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] if X or N is less than zero
+**          then the function returns [SQLITE_ERROR]
+**          and nothing is written into the blob.
+**
+** {F17882} The [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns [SQLITE_OK]
+**          if N bytes where successfully written into blob.
+**
+** {F17885} If the requested write could not be completed,
+**          the [sqlite3_blob_write(P,Z,N,X)] interface returns an
+**          appropriate [error code] or [extended error code].
+**
+** {F17888} If an error occurs during evaluation of [sqlite3_blob_write(D,...)]
+**          then subsequent calls to [sqlite3_errcode(D)],
+**          [sqlite3_errmsg(D)], and [sqlite3_errmsg16(D)] will return
+**          information approprate for that error.
+*/
+int sqlite3_blob_write(sqlite3_blob *, const void *z, int n, int iOffset);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF:  Virtual File System Objects {F11200}
+**
+** A virtual filesystem (VFS) is an [sqlite3_vfs] object
+** that SQLite uses to interact
+** with the underlying operating system.  Most SQLite builds come with a
+** single default VFS that is appropriate for the host computer.
+** New VFSes can be registered and existing VFSes can be unregistered.
+** The following interfaces are provided.
+**
+** The sqlite3_vfs_find() interface returns a pointer to 
+** a VFS given its name.  Names are case sensitive.
+** Names are zero-terminated UTF-8 strings.
+** If there is no match, a NULL
+** pointer is returned.  If zVfsName is NULL then the default 
+** VFS is returned. 
+**
+** New VFSes are registered with sqlite3_vfs_register().
+** Each new VFS becomes the default VFS if the makeDflt flag is set.
+** The same VFS can be registered multiple times without injury.
+** To make an existing VFS into the default VFS, register it again
+** with the makeDflt flag set.  If two different VFSes with the
+** same name are registered, the behavior is undefined.  If a
+** VFS is registered with a name that is NULL or an empty string,
+** then the behavior is undefined.
+** 
+** Unregister a VFS with the sqlite3_vfs_unregister() interface.
+** If the default VFS is unregistered, another VFS is chosen as
+** the default.  The choice for the new VFS is arbitrary.
+**
+** INVARIANTS:
+**
+** {F11203} The [sqlite3_vfs_find(N)] interface returns a pointer to the
+**          registered [sqlite3_vfs] object whose name exactly matches
+**          the zero-terminated UTF-8 string N, or it returns NULL if
+**          there is no match.
+**
+** {F11206} If the N parameter to [sqlite3_vfs_find(N)] is NULL then
+**          the function returns a pointer to the default [sqlite3_vfs]
+**          object if there is one, or NULL if there is no default 
+**          [sqlite3_vfs] object.
+**
+** {F11209} The [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface registers the
+**          well-formed [sqlite3_vfs] object P using the name given
+**          by the zName field of the object.
+**
+** {F11212} Using the [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface to register
+**          the same [sqlite3_vfs] object multiple times is a harmless no-op.
+**
+** {F11215} The [sqlite3_vfs_register(P,F)] interface makes the
+**          the [sqlite3_vfs] object P the default [sqlite3_vfs] object
+**          if F is non-zero.
+**
+** {F11218} The [sqlite3_vfs_unregister(P)] interface unregisters the
+**          [sqlite3_vfs] object P so that it is no longer returned by
+**          subsequent calls to [sqlite3_vfs_find()].
+*/
+sqlite3_vfs *sqlite3_vfs_find(const char *zVfsName);
+int sqlite3_vfs_register(sqlite3_vfs*, int makeDflt);
+int sqlite3_vfs_unregister(sqlite3_vfs*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Mutexes {F17000}
+**
+** The SQLite core uses these routines for thread
+** synchronization.  Though they are intended for internal
+** use by SQLite, code that links against SQLite is
+** permitted to use any of these routines.
+**
+** The SQLite source code contains multiple implementations 
+** of these mutex routines.  An appropriate implementation
+** is selected automatically at compile-time.  The following
+** implementations are available in the SQLite core:
+**
+** <ul>
+** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_OS2
+** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREAD
+** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_W32
+** <li>   SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP
+** </ul>
+**
+** The SQLITE_MUTEX_NOOP implementation is a set of routines 
+** that does no real locking and is appropriate for use in 
+** a single-threaded application.  The SQLITE_MUTEX_OS2,
+** SQLITE_MUTEX_PTHREAD, and SQLITE_MUTEX_W32 implementations
+** are appropriate for use on os/2, unix, and windows.
+** 
+** If SQLite is compiled with the SQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF preprocessor
+** macro defined (with "-DSQLITE_MUTEX_APPDEF=1"), then no mutex
+** implementation is included with the library.  The
+** mutex interface routines defined here become external
+** references in the SQLite library for which implementations
+** must be provided by the application.  This facility allows an
+** application that links against SQLite to provide its own mutex
+** implementation without having to modify the SQLite core.
+**
+** {F17011} The sqlite3_mutex_alloc() routine allocates a new
+** mutex and returns a pointer to it. {F17012} If it returns NULL
+** that means that a mutex could not be allocated. {F17013} SQLite
+** will unwind its stack and return an error. {F17014} The argument
+** to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() is one of these integer constants:
+**
+** <ul>
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU
+** <li>  SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2
+** </ul> {END}
+**
+** {F17015} The first two constants cause sqlite3_mutex_alloc() to create
+** a new mutex.  The new mutex is recursive when SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE
+** is used but not necessarily so when SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST is used. {END}
+** The mutex implementation does not need to make a distinction
+** between SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE and SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST if it does
+** not want to.  {F17016} But SQLite will only request a recursive mutex in
+** cases where it really needs one.  {END} If a faster non-recursive mutex
+** implementation is available on the host platform, the mutex subsystem
+** might return such a mutex in response to SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST.
+**
+** {F17017} The other allowed parameters to sqlite3_mutex_alloc() each return
+** a pointer to a static preexisting mutex. {END}  Four static mutexes are
+** used by the current version of SQLite.  Future versions of SQLite
+** may add additional static mutexes.  Static mutexes are for internal
+** use by SQLite only.  Applications that use SQLite mutexes should
+** use only the dynamic mutexes returned by SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST or
+** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE.
+**
+** {F17018} Note that if one of the dynamic mutex parameters (SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST
+** or SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE) is used then sqlite3_mutex_alloc()
+** returns a different mutex on every call.  {F17034} But for the static 
+** mutex types, the same mutex is returned on every call that has
+** the same type number. {END}
+**
+** {F17019} The sqlite3_mutex_free() routine deallocates a previously
+** allocated dynamic mutex. {F17020} SQLite is careful to deallocate every
+** dynamic mutex that it allocates. {U17021} The dynamic mutexes must not be in 
+** use when they are deallocated. {U17022} Attempting to deallocate a static
+** mutex results in undefined behavior. {F17023} SQLite never deallocates
+** a static mutex. {END}
+**
+** The sqlite3_mutex_enter() and sqlite3_mutex_try() routines attempt
+** to enter a mutex. {F17024} If another thread is already within the mutex,
+** sqlite3_mutex_enter() will block and sqlite3_mutex_try() will return
+** SQLITE_BUSY. {F17025}  The sqlite3_mutex_try() interface returns SQLITE_OK
+** upon successful entry.  {F17026} Mutexes created using
+** SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE can be entered multiple times by the same thread.
+** {F17027} In such cases the,
+** mutex must be exited an equal number of times before another thread
+** can enter.  {U17028} If the same thread tries to enter any other
+** kind of mutex more than once, the behavior is undefined.
+** {F17029} SQLite will never exhibit
+** such behavior in its own use of mutexes. {END}
+**
+** Some systems (ex: windows95) do not the operation implemented by
+** sqlite3_mutex_try().  On those systems, sqlite3_mutex_try() will
+** always return SQLITE_BUSY.  {F17030} The SQLite core only ever uses
+** sqlite3_mutex_try() as an optimization so this is acceptable behavior. {END}
+**
+** {F17031} The sqlite3_mutex_leave() routine exits a mutex that was
+** previously entered by the same thread.  {U17032} The behavior
+** is undefined if the mutex is not currently entered by the
+** calling thread or is not currently allocated.  {F17033} SQLite will
+** never do either. {END}
+**
+** See also: [sqlite3_mutex_held()] and [sqlite3_mutex_notheld()].
+*/
+sqlite3_mutex *sqlite3_mutex_alloc(int);
+void sqlite3_mutex_free(sqlite3_mutex*);
+void sqlite3_mutex_enter(sqlite3_mutex*);
+int sqlite3_mutex_try(sqlite3_mutex*);
+void sqlite3_mutex_leave(sqlite3_mutex*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Mutex Verifcation Routines {F17080}
+**
+** The sqlite3_mutex_held() and sqlite3_mutex_notheld() routines
+** are intended for use inside assert() statements. {F17081} The SQLite core
+** never uses these routines except inside an assert() and applications
+** are advised to follow the lead of the core.  {F17082} The core only
+** provides implementations for these routines when it is compiled
+** with the SQLITE_DEBUG flag.  {U17087} External mutex implementations
+** are only required to provide these routines if SQLITE_DEBUG is
+** defined and if NDEBUG is not defined.
+**
+** {F17083} These routines should return true if the mutex in their argument
+** is held or not held, respectively, by the calling thread. {END}
+**
+** {X17084} The implementation is not required to provided versions of these
+** routines that actually work.
+** If the implementation does not provide working
+** versions of these routines, it should at least provide stubs
+** that always return true so that one does not get spurious
+** assertion failures. {END}
+**
+** {F17085} If the argument to sqlite3_mutex_held() is a NULL pointer then
+** the routine should return 1.  {END} This seems counter-intuitive since
+** clearly the mutex cannot be held if it does not exist.  But the
+** the reason the mutex does not exist is because the build is not
+** using mutexes.  And we do not want the assert() containing the
+** call to sqlite3_mutex_held() to fail, so a non-zero return is
+** the appropriate thing to do.  {F17086} The sqlite3_mutex_notheld() 
+** interface should also return 1 when given a NULL pointer.
+*/
+int sqlite3_mutex_held(sqlite3_mutex*);
+int sqlite3_mutex_notheld(sqlite3_mutex*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Mutex Types {F17001}
+**
+** {F17002} The [sqlite3_mutex_alloc()] interface takes a single argument
+** which is one of these integer constants. {END}
+*/
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_FAST             0
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_RECURSIVE        1
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MASTER    2
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM       3  /* sqlite3_malloc() */
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_MEM2      4  /* sqlite3_release_memory() */
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_PRNG      5  /* sqlite3_random() */
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU       6  /* lru page list */
+#define SQLITE_MUTEX_STATIC_LRU2      7  /* lru page list */
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Low-Level Control Of Database Files {F11300}
+**
+** {F11301} The [sqlite3_file_control()] interface makes a direct call to the
+** xFileControl method for the [sqlite3_io_methods] object associated
+** with a particular database identified by the second argument. {F11302} The
+** name of the database is the name assigned to the database by the
+** <a href="lang_attach.html">ATTACH</a> SQL command that opened the
+** database. {F11303} To control the main database file, use the name "main"
+** or a NULL pointer. {F11304} The third and fourth parameters to this routine
+** are passed directly through to the second and third parameters of
+** the xFileControl method.  {F11305} The return value of the xFileControl
+** method becomes the return value of this routine.
+**
+** {F11306} If the second parameter (zDbName) does not match the name of any
+** open database file, then SQLITE_ERROR is returned. {F11307} This error
+** code is not remembered and will not be recalled by [sqlite3_errcode()]
+** or [sqlite3_errmsg()]. {U11308} The underlying xFileControl method might
+** also return SQLITE_ERROR.  {U11309} There is no way to distinguish between
+** an incorrect zDbName and an SQLITE_ERROR return from the underlying
+** xFileControl method. {END}
+**
+** See also: [SQLITE_FCNTL_LOCKSTATE]
+*/
+int sqlite3_file_control(sqlite3*, const char *zDbName, int op, void*);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface {F11400}
+**
+** The sqlite3_test_control() interface is used to read out internal
+** state of SQLite and to inject faults into SQLite for testing
+** purposes.  The first parameter a operation code that determines
+** the number, meaning, and operation of all subsequent parameters.
+**
+** This interface is not for use by applications.  It exists solely
+** for verifying the correct operation of the SQLite library.  Depending
+** on how the SQLite library is compiled, this interface might not exist.
+**
+** The details of the operation codes, their meanings, the parameters
+** they take, and what they do are all subject to change without notice.
+** Unlike most of the SQLite API, this function is not guaranteed to
+** operate consistently from one release to the next.
+*/
+int sqlite3_test_control(int op, ...);
+
+/*
+** CAPI3REF: Testing Interface Operation Codes {F11410}
+**
+** These constants are the valid operation code parameters used
+** as the first argument to [sqlite3_test_control()].
+**
+** These parameters and their meansing are subject to change
+** without notice.  These values are for testing purposes only.
+** Applications should not use any of these parameters or the
+** [sqlite3_test_control()] interface.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_CONFIG             1
+#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_FAILURES           2
+#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_BENIGN_FAILURES    3
+#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_FAULT_PENDING            4
+#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_SAVE                5
+#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESTORE             6
+#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_PRNG_RESET               7
+#define SQLITE_TESTCTRL_BITVEC_TEST              8
+
+
+/*
+** Undo the hack that converts floating point types to integer for
+** builds on processors without floating point support.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
+# undef double
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}  /* End of the 'extern "C"' block */
+#endif
+#endif
diff --git a/db_sql/sqlite/sqliteInt.h b/db_sql/sqlite/sqliteInt.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9fc11aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/sqlite/sqliteInt.h
@@ -0,0 +1,2267 @@
+/*
+** 2001 September 15
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** Internal interface definitions for SQLite.
+**
+** @(#) $Id$
+*/
+#ifndef _SQLITEINT_H_
+#define _SQLITEINT_H_
+#define DB_SQL
+/*
+** Include the configuration header output by 'configure' if we're using the
+** autoconf-based build
+*/
+#ifdef _HAVE_SQLITE_CONFIG_H
+#include "config.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "sqliteLimit.h"
+
+/* Disable nuisance warnings on Borland compilers */
+#if defined(__BORLANDC__)
+#pragma warn -rch /* unreachable code */
+#pragma warn -ccc /* Condition is always true or false */
+#pragma warn -aus /* Assigned value is never used */
+#pragma warn -csu /* Comparing signed and unsigned */
+#pragma warn -spa /* Suspicous pointer arithmetic */
+#endif
+
+/* Needed for various definitions... */
+#ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Include standard header files as necessary
+*/
+#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
+#include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef HAVE_INTTYPES_H
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#endif
+
+/*
+** A macro used to aid in coverage testing.  When doing coverage
+** testing, the condition inside the argument must be evaluated 
+** both true and false in order to get full branch coverage.
+** This macro can be inserted to ensure adequate test coverage
+** in places where simple condition/decision coverage is inadequate.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_COVERAGE_TEST
+  void sqlite3Coverage(int);
+# define testcase(X)  if( X ){ sqlite3Coverage(__LINE__); }
+#else
+# define testcase(X)
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** The macro unlikely() is a hint that surrounds a boolean
+** expression that is usually false.  Macro likely() surrounds
+** a boolean expression that is usually true.  GCC is able to
+** use these hints to generate better code, sometimes.
+*/
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && 0
+# define likely(X)    __builtin_expect((X),1)
+# define unlikely(X)  __builtin_expect((X),0)
+#else
+# define likely(X)    !!(X)
+# define unlikely(X)  !!(X)
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** These #defines should enable >2GB file support on Posix if the
+** underlying operating system supports it.  If the OS lacks
+** large file support, or if the OS is windows, these should be no-ops.
+**
+** Ticket #2739:  The _LARGEFILE_SOURCE macro must appear before any
+** system #includes.  Hence, this block of code must be the very first
+** code in all source files.
+**
+** Large file support can be disabled using the -DSQLITE_DISABLE_LFS switch
+** on the compiler command line.  This is necessary if you are compiling
+** on a recent machine (ex: RedHat 7.2) but you want your code to work
+** on an older machine (ex: RedHat 6.0).  If you compile on RedHat 7.2
+** without this option, LFS is enable.  But LFS does not exist in the kernel
+** in RedHat 6.0, so the code won't work.  Hence, for maximum binary
+** portability you should omit LFS.
+**
+** Similar is true for MacOS.  LFS is only supported on MacOS 9 and later.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_DISABLE_LFS
+# define _LARGE_FILE       1
+# ifndef _FILE_OFFSET_BITS
+#   define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
+# endif
+# define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** The SQLITE_THREADSAFE macro must be defined as either 0 or 1.
+** Older versions of SQLite used an optional THREADSAFE macro.
+** We support that for legacy
+*/
+#if !defined(SQLITE_THREADSAFE)
+#if defined(THREADSAFE)
+# define SQLITE_THREADSAFE THREADSAFE
+#else
+# define SQLITE_THREADSAFE 1
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Exactly one of the following macros must be defined in order to
+** specify which memory allocation subsystem to use.
+**
+**     SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC          // Use normal system malloc()
+**     SQLITE_MEMDEBUG               // Debugging version of system malloc()
+**     SQLITE_MEMORY_SIZE            // internal allocator #1
+**     SQLITE_MMAP_HEAP_SIZE         // internal mmap() allocator
+**     SQLITE_POW2_MEMORY_SIZE       // internal power-of-two allocator
+**
+** If none of the above are defined, then set SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC as
+** the default.
+*/
+#if defined(SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC)+defined(SQLITE_MEMDEBUG)+\
+    defined(SQLITE_MEMORY_SIZE)+defined(SQLITE_MMAP_HEAP_SIZE)+\
+    defined(SQLITE_POW2_MEMORY_SIZE)>1
+# error "At most one of the following compile-time configuration options\
+ is allows: SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC, SQLITE_MEMDEBUG, SQLITE_MEMORY_SIZE,\
+ SQLITE_MMAP_HEAP_SIZE, SQLITE_POW2_MEMORY_SIZE"
+#endif
+#if defined(SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC)+defined(SQLITE_MEMDEBUG)+\
+    defined(SQLITE_MEMORY_SIZE)+defined(SQLITE_MMAP_HEAP_SIZE)+\
+    defined(SQLITE_POW2_MEMORY_SIZE)==0
+# define SQLITE_SYSTEM_MALLOC 1
+#endif
+
+/*
+** If SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT is defined, then try to keep the
+** sizes of memory allocations below this value where possible.
+*/
+#if defined(SQLITE_POW2_MEMORY_SIZE) && !defined(SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT)
+# define SQLITE_MALLOC_SOFT_LIMIT 1024
+#endif
+
+/*
+** We need to define _XOPEN_SOURCE as follows in order to enable
+** recursive mutexes on most unix systems.  But Mac OS X is different.
+** The _XOPEN_SOURCE define causes problems for Mac OS X we are told,
+** so it is omitted there.  See ticket #2673.
+**
+** Later we learn that _XOPEN_SOURCE is poorly or incorrectly
+** implemented on some systems.  So we avoid defining it at all
+** if it is already defined or if it is unneeded because we are
+** not doing a threadsafe build.  Ticket #2681.
+**
+** See also ticket #2741.
+*/
+#if !defined(_XOPEN_SOURCE) && !defined(__DARWIN__) && !defined(__APPLE__) && SQLITE_THREADSAFE
+#  define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500  /* Needed to enable pthread recursive mutexes */
+#endif
+
+#if defined(SQLITE_TCL) || defined(TCLSH)
+# include <tcl.h>
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Many people are failing to set -DNDEBUG=1 when compiling SQLite.
+** Setting NDEBUG makes the code smaller and run faster.  So the following
+** lines are added to automatically set NDEBUG unless the -DSQLITE_DEBUG=1
+** option is set.  Thus NDEBUG becomes an opt-in rather than an opt-out
+** feature.
+*/
+#if !defined(NDEBUG) && !defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) 
+# define NDEBUG 1
+#endif
+
+#include "sqlite3.h"
+
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+#include "hash.h"
+#endif
+
+#include "parse.h"
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+
+/*
+** If compiling for a processor that lacks floating point support,
+** substitute integer for floating-point
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
+# define double sqlite_int64
+# define LONGDOUBLE_TYPE sqlite_int64
+# ifndef SQLITE_BIG_DBL
+#   define SQLITE_BIG_DBL (0x7fffffffffffffff)
+# endif
+# define SQLITE_OMIT_DATETIME_FUNCS 1
+# define SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE 1
+# undef SQLITE_MIXED_ENDIAN_64BIT_FLOAT
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_BIG_DBL
+# define SQLITE_BIG_DBL (1e99)
+#endif
+
+/*
+** OMIT_TEMPDB is set to 1 if SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB is defined, or 0
+** afterward. Having this macro allows us to cause the C compiler 
+** to omit code used by TEMP tables without messy #ifndef statements.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_TEMPDB
+#define OMIT_TEMPDB 1
+#else
+#define OMIT_TEMPDB 0
+#endif
+
+/*
+** If the following macro is set to 1, then NULL values are considered
+** distinct when determining whether or not two entries are the same
+** in a UNIQUE index.  This is the way PostgreSQL, Oracle, DB2, MySQL,
+** OCELOT, and Firebird all work.  The SQL92 spec explicitly says this
+** is the way things are suppose to work.
+**
+** If the following macro is set to 0, the NULLs are indistinct for
+** a UNIQUE index.  In this mode, you can only have a single NULL entry
+** for a column declared UNIQUE.  This is the way Informix and SQL Server
+** work.
+*/
+#define NULL_DISTINCT_FOR_UNIQUE 1
+
+/*
+** The "file format" number is an integer that is incremented whenever
+** the VDBE-level file format changes.  The following macros define the
+** the default file format for new databases and the maximum file format
+** that the library can read.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_MAX_FILE_FORMAT 4
+#ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_FORMAT
+# define SQLITE_DEFAULT_FILE_FORMAT 1
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Provide a default value for TEMP_STORE in case it is not specified
+** on the command-line
+*/
+#ifndef TEMP_STORE
+# define TEMP_STORE 1
+#endif
+
+/*
+** GCC does not define the offsetof() macro so we'll have to do it
+** ourselves.
+*/
+#ifndef offsetof
+#define offsetof(STRUCTURE,FIELD) ((int)((char*)&((STRUCTURE*)0)->FIELD))
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Check to see if this machine uses EBCDIC.  (Yes, believe it or
+** not, there are still machines out there that use EBCDIC.)
+*/
+#if 'A' == '\301'
+# define SQLITE_EBCDIC 1
+#else
+# define SQLITE_ASCII 1
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Integers of known sizes.  These typedefs might change for architectures
+** where the sizes very.  Preprocessor macros are available so that the
+** types can be conveniently redefined at compile-type.  Like this:
+**
+**         cc '-DUINTPTR_TYPE=long long int' ...
+*/
+#ifndef UINT32_TYPE
+# ifdef HAVE_UINT32_T
+#  define UINT32_TYPE uint32_t
+# else
+#  define UINT32_TYPE unsigned int
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef UINT16_TYPE
+# ifdef HAVE_UINT16_T
+#  define UINT16_TYPE uint16_t
+# else
+#  define UINT16_TYPE unsigned short int
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef INT16_TYPE
+# ifdef HAVE_INT16_T
+#  define INT16_TYPE int16_t
+# else
+#  define INT16_TYPE short int
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef UINT8_TYPE
+# ifdef HAVE_UINT8_T
+#  define UINT8_TYPE uint8_t
+# else
+#  define UINT8_TYPE unsigned char
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef INT8_TYPE
+# ifdef HAVE_INT8_T
+#  define INT8_TYPE int8_t
+# else
+#  define INT8_TYPE signed char
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef LONGDOUBLE_TYPE
+# define LONGDOUBLE_TYPE long double
+#endif
+typedef sqlite_int64 i64;          /* 8-byte signed integer */
+typedef sqlite_uint64 u64;         /* 8-byte unsigned integer */
+typedef UINT32_TYPE u32;           /* 4-byte unsigned integer */
+typedef UINT16_TYPE u16;           /* 2-byte unsigned integer */
+typedef INT16_TYPE i16;            /* 2-byte signed integer */
+typedef UINT8_TYPE u8;             /* 1-byte unsigned integer */
+typedef UINT8_TYPE i8;             /* 1-byte signed integer */
+
+/*
+** Macros to determine whether the machine is big or little endian,
+** evaluated at runtime.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
+const int sqlite3one;
+#else
+extern const int sqlite3one;
+#endif
+#if defined(i386) || defined(__i386__) || defined(_M_IX86)
+# define SQLITE_BIGENDIAN    0
+# define SQLITE_LITTLEENDIAN 1
+# define SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE  SQLITE_UTF16LE
+#else
+# define SQLITE_BIGENDIAN    (*(char *)(&sqlite3one)==0)
+# define SQLITE_LITTLEENDIAN (*(char *)(&sqlite3one)==1)
+# define SQLITE_UTF16NATIVE (SQLITE_BIGENDIAN?SQLITE_UTF16BE:SQLITE_UTF16LE)
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Constants for the largest and smallest possible 64-bit signed integers.
+** These macros are designed to work correctly on both 32-bit and 64-bit
+** compilers.
+*/
+#define LARGEST_INT64  (0xffffffff|(((i64)0x7fffffff)<<32))
+#define SMALLEST_INT64 (((i64)-1) - LARGEST_INT64)
+
+/*
+** An instance of the following structure is used to store the busy-handler
+** callback for a given sqlite handle. 
+**
+** The sqlite.busyHandler member of the sqlite struct contains the busy
+** callback for the database handle. Each pager opened via the sqlite
+** handle is passed a pointer to sqlite.busyHandler. The busy-handler
+** callback is currently invoked only from within pager.c.
+*/
+typedef struct BusyHandler BusyHandler;
+struct BusyHandler {
+  int (*xFunc)(void *,int);  /* The busy callback */
+  void *pArg;                /* First arg to busy callback */
+  int nBusy;                 /* Incremented with each busy call */
+};
+
+/*
+** Name of the master database table.  The master database table
+** is a special table that holds the names and attributes of all
+** user tables and indices.
+*/
+#define MASTER_NAME       "sqlite_master"
+#define TEMP_MASTER_NAME  "sqlite_temp_master"
+
+/*
+** The root-page of the master database table.
+*/
+#define MASTER_ROOT       1
+
+/*
+** The name of the schema table.
+*/
+#define SCHEMA_TABLE(x)  ((!OMIT_TEMPDB)&&(x==1)?TEMP_MASTER_NAME:MASTER_NAME)
+
+/*
+** A convenience macro that returns the number of elements in
+** an array.
+*/
+#define ArraySize(X)    (sizeof(X)/sizeof(X[0]))
+
+/*
+** Forward references to structures
+*/
+typedef struct AggInfo AggInfo;
+typedef struct AuthContext AuthContext;
+typedef struct Bitvec Bitvec;
+typedef struct CollSeq CollSeq;
+typedef struct Column Column;
+typedef struct Db Db;
+typedef struct Schema Schema;
+typedef struct Expr Expr;
+typedef struct ExprList ExprList;
+typedef struct FKey FKey;
+typedef struct FuncDef FuncDef;
+typedef struct IdList IdList;
+typedef struct Index Index;
+typedef struct KeyClass KeyClass;
+typedef struct KeyInfo KeyInfo;
+typedef struct Module Module;
+typedef struct NameContext NameContext;
+typedef struct Parse Parse;
+typedef struct Select Select;
+typedef struct SrcList SrcList;
+typedef struct StrAccum StrAccum;
+typedef struct Table Table;
+typedef struct TableLock TableLock;
+typedef struct Token Token;
+typedef struct TriggerStack TriggerStack;
+typedef struct TriggerStep TriggerStep;
+typedef struct Trigger Trigger;
+typedef struct WhereInfo WhereInfo;
+typedef struct WhereLevel WhereLevel;
+
+/*
+** Defer sourcing vdbe.h and btree.h until after the "u8" and 
+** "BusyHandler" typedefs. vdbe.h also requires a few of the opaque
+** pointer types (i.e. FuncDef) defined above.
+*/
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+#include "btree.h"
+#include "vdbe.h"
+#include "pager.h"
+
+#include "os.h"
+#include "mutex.h"
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Each database file to be accessed by the system is an instance
+** of the following structure.  There are normally two of these structures
+** in the sqlite.aDb[] array.  aDb[0] is the main database file and
+** aDb[1] is the database file used to hold temporary tables.  Additional
+** databases may be attached.
+*/
+struct Db {
+  char *zName;         /* Name of this database */
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+  Btree *pBt;          /* The B*Tree structure for this database file */
+#endif
+  u8 inTrans;          /* 0: not writable.  1: Transaction.  2: Checkpoint */
+  u8 safety_level;     /* How aggressive at synching data to disk */
+  void *pAux;               /* Auxiliary data.  Usually NULL */
+  void (*xFreeAux)(void*);  /* Routine to free pAux */
+  Schema *pSchema;     /* Pointer to database schema (possibly shared) */
+};
+
+/*
+** An instance of the following structure stores a database schema.
+**
+** If there are no virtual tables configured in this schema, the
+** Schema.db variable is set to NULL. After the first virtual table
+** has been added, it is set to point to the database connection 
+** used to create the connection. Once a virtual table has been
+** added to the Schema structure and the Schema.db variable populated, 
+** only that database connection may use the Schema to prepare 
+** statements.
+*/
+struct Schema {
+  int schema_cookie;   /* Database schema version number for this file */
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+  Hash tblHash;        /* All tables indexed by name */
+  Hash idxHash;        /* All (named) indices indexed by name */
+  Hash trigHash;       /* All triggers indexed by name */
+  Hash aFKey;          /* Foreign keys indexed by to-table */
+#endif
+  Table *pSeqTab;      /* The sqlite_sequence table used by AUTOINCREMENT */
+  u8 file_format;      /* Schema format version for this file */
+  u8 enc;              /* Text encoding used by this database */
+  u16 flags;           /* Flags associated with this schema */
+  int cache_size;      /* Number of pages to use in the cache */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+  sqlite3 *db;         /* "Owner" connection. See comment above */
+#endif
+};
+
+/*
+** These macros can be used to test, set, or clear bits in the 
+** Db.flags field.
+*/
+#define DbHasProperty(D,I,P)     (((D)->aDb[I].pSchema->flags&(P))==(P))
+#define DbHasAnyProperty(D,I,P)  (((D)->aDb[I].pSchema->flags&(P))!=0)
+#define DbSetProperty(D,I,P)     (D)->aDb[I].pSchema->flags|=(P)
+#define DbClearProperty(D,I,P)   (D)->aDb[I].pSchema->flags&=~(P)
+
+/*
+** Allowed values for the DB.flags field.
+**
+** The DB_SchemaLoaded flag is set after the database schema has been
+** read into internal hash tables.
+**
+** DB_UnresetViews means that one or more views have column names that
+** have been filled out.  If the schema changes, these column names might
+** changes and so the view will need to be reset.
+*/
+#define DB_SchemaLoaded    0x0001  /* The schema has been loaded */
+#define DB_UnresetViews    0x0002  /* Some views have defined column names */
+#define DB_Empty           0x0004  /* The file is empty (length 0 bytes) */
+
+/*
+** The number of different kinds of things that can be limited
+** using the sqlite3_limit() interface.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_N_LIMIT (SQLITE_LIMIT_VARIABLE_NUMBER+1)
+
+/*
+** Each database is an instance of the following structure.
+**
+** The sqlite.lastRowid records the last insert rowid generated by an
+** insert statement.  Inserts on views do not affect its value.  Each
+** trigger has its own context, so that lastRowid can be updated inside
+** triggers as usual.  The previous value will be restored once the trigger
+** exits.  Upon entering a before or instead of trigger, lastRowid is no
+** longer (since after version 2.8.12) reset to -1.
+**
+** The sqlite.nChange does not count changes within triggers and keeps no
+** context.  It is reset at start of sqlite3_exec.
+** The sqlite.lsChange represents the number of changes made by the last
+** insert, update, or delete statement.  It remains constant throughout the
+** length of a statement and is then updated by OP_SetCounts.  It keeps a
+** context stack just like lastRowid so that the count of changes
+** within a trigger is not seen outside the trigger.  Changes to views do not
+** affect the value of lsChange.
+** The sqlite.csChange keeps track of the number of current changes (since
+** the last statement) and is used to update sqlite_lsChange.
+**
+** The member variables sqlite.errCode, sqlite.zErrMsg and sqlite.zErrMsg16
+** store the most recent error code and, if applicable, string. The
+** internal function sqlite3Error() is used to set these variables
+** consistently.
+*/
+struct sqlite3 {
+  sqlite3_vfs *pVfs;            /* OS Interface */
+  int nDb;                      /* Number of backends currently in use */
+  Db *aDb;                      /* All backends */
+  int flags;                    /* Miscellanous flags. See below */
+  int openFlags;                /* Flags passed to sqlite3_vfs.xOpen() */
+  int errCode;                  /* Most recent error code (SQLITE_*) */
+  int errMask;                  /* & result codes with this before returning */
+  u8 autoCommit;                /* The auto-commit flag. */
+  u8 temp_store;                /* 1: file 2: memory 0: default */
+  u8 mallocFailed;              /* True if we have seen a malloc failure */
+  u8 dfltLockMode;              /* Default locking-mode for attached dbs */
+  u8 dfltJournalMode;           /* Default journal mode for attached dbs */
+  signed char nextAutovac;      /* Autovac setting after VACUUM if >=0 */
+  int nextPagesize;             /* Pagesize after VACUUM if >0 */
+  int nTable;                   /* Number of tables in the database */
+  CollSeq *pDfltColl;           /* The default collating sequence (BINARY) */
+  i64 lastRowid;                /* ROWID of most recent insert (see above) */
+  i64 priorNewRowid;            /* Last randomly generated ROWID */
+  int magic;                    /* Magic number for detect library misuse */
+  int nChange;                  /* Value returned by sqlite3_changes() */
+  int nTotalChange;             /* Value returned by sqlite3_total_changes() */
+  sqlite3_mutex *mutex;         /* Connection mutex */
+  int aLimit[SQLITE_N_LIMIT];   /* Limits */
+  struct sqlite3InitInfo {      /* Information used during initialization */
+    int iDb;                    /* When back is being initialized */
+    int newTnum;                /* Rootpage of table being initialized */
+    u8 busy;                    /* TRUE if currently initializing */
+  } init;
+  int nExtension;               /* Number of loaded extensions */
+  void **aExtension;            /* Array of shared libraray handles */
+  struct Vdbe *pVdbe;           /* List of active virtual machines */
+  int activeVdbeCnt;            /* Number of vdbes currently executing */
+  void (*xTrace)(void*,const char*);        /* Trace function */
+  void *pTraceArg;                          /* Argument to the trace function */
+  void (*xProfile)(void*,const char*,u64);  /* Profiling function */
+  void *pProfileArg;                        /* Argument to profile function */
+  void *pCommitArg;                 /* Argument to xCommitCallback() */   
+  int (*xCommitCallback)(void*);    /* Invoked at every commit. */
+  void *pRollbackArg;               /* Argument to xRollbackCallback() */   
+  void (*xRollbackCallback)(void*); /* Invoked at every commit. */
+  void *pUpdateArg;
+  void (*xUpdateCallback)(void*,int, const char*,const char*,sqlite_int64);
+  void(*xCollNeeded)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const char*);
+  void(*xCollNeeded16)(void*,sqlite3*,int eTextRep,const void*);
+  void *pCollNeededArg;
+  sqlite3_value *pErr;          /* Most recent error message */
+  char *zErrMsg;                /* Most recent error message (UTF-8 encoded) */
+  char *zErrMsg16;              /* Most recent error message (UTF-16 encoded) */
+  union {
+    int isInterrupted;          /* True if sqlite3_interrupt has been called */
+    double notUsed1;            /* Spacer */
+  } u1;
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
+  int (*xAuth)(void*,int,const char*,const char*,const char*,const char*);
+                                /* Access authorization function */
+  void *pAuthArg;               /* 1st argument to the access auth function */
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_PROGRESS_CALLBACK
+  int (*xProgress)(void *);     /* The progress callback */
+  void *pProgressArg;           /* Argument to the progress callback */
+  int nProgressOps;             /* Number of opcodes for progress callback */
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+  Hash aModule;                 /* populated by sqlite3_create_module() */
+#endif
+  Table *pVTab;                 /* vtab with active Connect/Create method */
+  sqlite3_vtab **aVTrans;       /* Virtual tables with open transactions */
+  int nVTrans;                  /* Allocated size of aVTrans */
+#endif
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+  Hash aFunc;                   /* All functions that can be in SQL exprs */
+  Hash aCollSeq;                /* All collating sequences */
+#endif
+  BusyHandler busyHandler;      /* Busy callback */
+  int busyTimeout;              /* Busy handler timeout, in msec */
+  Db aDbStatic[2];              /* Static space for the 2 default backends */
+#ifdef SQLITE_SSE
+  sqlite3_stmt *pFetch;         /* Used by SSE to fetch stored statements */
+#endif
+};
+
+/*
+** A macro to discover the encoding of a database.
+*/
+#define ENC(db) ((db)->aDb[0].pSchema->enc)
+
+/*
+** Possible values for the sqlite.flags and or Db.flags fields.
+**
+** On sqlite.flags, the SQLITE_InTrans value means that we have
+** executed a BEGIN.  On Db.flags, SQLITE_InTrans means a statement
+** transaction is active on that particular database file.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_VdbeTrace      0x00000001  /* True to trace VDBE execution */
+#define SQLITE_InTrans        0x00000008  /* True if in a transaction */
+#define SQLITE_InternChanges  0x00000010  /* Uncommitted Hash table changes */
+#define SQLITE_FullColNames   0x00000020  /* Show full column names on SELECT */
+#define SQLITE_ShortColNames  0x00000040  /* Show short columns names */
+#define SQLITE_CountRows      0x00000080  /* Count rows changed by INSERT, */
+                                          /*   DELETE, or UPDATE and return */
+                                          /*   the count using a callback. */
+#define SQLITE_NullCallback   0x00000100  /* Invoke the callback once if the */
+                                          /*   result set is empty */
+#define SQLITE_SqlTrace       0x00000200  /* Debug print SQL as it executes */
+#define SQLITE_VdbeListing    0x00000400  /* Debug listings of VDBE programs */
+#define SQLITE_WriteSchema    0x00000800  /* OK to update SQLITE_MASTER */
+#define SQLITE_NoReadlock     0x00001000  /* Readlocks are omitted when 
+                                          ** accessing read-only databases */
+#define SQLITE_IgnoreChecks   0x00002000  /* Do not enforce check constraints */
+#define SQLITE_ReadUncommitted 0x00004000 /* For shared-cache mode */
+#define SQLITE_LegacyFileFmt  0x00008000  /* Create new databases in format 1 */
+#define SQLITE_FullFSync      0x00010000  /* Use full fsync on the backend */
+#define SQLITE_LoadExtension  0x00020000  /* Enable load_extension */
+
+#define SQLITE_RecoveryMode   0x00040000  /* Ignore schema errors */
+#define SQLITE_SharedCache    0x00080000  /* Cache sharing is enabled */
+#define SQLITE_Vtab           0x00100000  /* There exists a virtual table */
+
+/*
+** Possible values for the sqlite.magic field.
+** The numbers are obtained at random and have no special meaning, other
+** than being distinct from one another.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_MAGIC_OPEN     0xa029a697  /* Database is open */
+#define SQLITE_MAGIC_CLOSED   0x9f3c2d33  /* Database is closed */
+#define SQLITE_MAGIC_SICK     0x4b771290  /* Error and awaiting close */
+#define SQLITE_MAGIC_BUSY     0xf03b7906  /* Database currently in use */
+#define SQLITE_MAGIC_ERROR    0xb5357930  /* An SQLITE_MISUSE error occurred */
+
+/*
+** Each SQL function is defined by an instance of the following
+** structure.  A pointer to this structure is stored in the sqlite.aFunc
+** hash table.  When multiple functions have the same name, the hash table
+** points to a linked list of these structures.
+*/
+struct FuncDef {
+  i16 nArg;            /* Number of arguments.  -1 means unlimited */
+  u8 iPrefEnc;         /* Preferred text encoding (SQLITE_UTF8, 16LE, 16BE) */
+  u8 needCollSeq;      /* True if sqlite3GetFuncCollSeq() might be called */
+  u8 flags;            /* Some combination of SQLITE_FUNC_* */
+  void *pUserData;     /* User data parameter */
+  FuncDef *pNext;      /* Next function with same name */
+  void (*xFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**); /* Regular function */
+  void (*xStep)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**); /* Aggregate step */
+  void (*xFinalize)(sqlite3_context*);                /* Aggregate finializer */
+  char zName[1];       /* SQL name of the function.  MUST BE LAST */
+};
+
+/*
+** Each SQLite module (virtual table definition) is defined by an
+** instance of the following structure, stored in the sqlite3.aModule
+** hash table.
+*/
+struct Module {
+  const sqlite3_module *pModule;       /* Callback pointers */
+  const char *zName;                   /* Name passed to create_module() */
+  void *pAux;                          /* pAux passed to create_module() */
+  void (*xDestroy)(void *);            /* Module destructor function */
+};
+
+/*
+** Possible values for FuncDef.flags
+*/
+#define SQLITE_FUNC_LIKE   0x01  /* Candidate for the LIKE optimization */
+#define SQLITE_FUNC_CASE   0x02  /* Case-sensitive LIKE-type function */
+#define SQLITE_FUNC_EPHEM  0x04  /* Ephermeral.  Delete with VDBE */
+
+/*
+** information about each column of an SQL table is held in an instance
+** of this structure.
+*/
+struct Column {
+  char *zName;     /* Name of this column */
+  Expr *pDflt;     /* Default value of this column */
+  char *zType;     /* Data type for this column */
+  char *zColl;     /* Collating sequence.  If NULL, use the default */
+  u8 notNull;      /* True if there is a NOT NULL constraint */
+  u8 isPrimKey;    /* True if this column is part of the PRIMARY KEY */
+  char affinity;   /* One of the SQLITE_AFF_... values */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+  u8 isHidden;     /* True if this column is 'hidden' */
+#endif
+};
+
+/*
+** A "Collating Sequence" is defined by an instance of the following
+** structure. Conceptually, a collating sequence consists of a name and
+** a comparison routine that defines the order of that sequence.
+**
+** There may two seperate implementations of the collation function, one
+** that processes text in UTF-8 encoding (CollSeq.xCmp) and another that
+** processes text encoded in UTF-16 (CollSeq.xCmp16), using the machine
+** native byte order. When a collation sequence is invoked, SQLite selects
+** the version that will require the least expensive encoding
+** translations, if any.
+**
+** The CollSeq.pUser member variable is an extra parameter that passed in
+** as the first argument to the UTF-8 comparison function, xCmp.
+** CollSeq.pUser16 is the equivalent for the UTF-16 comparison function,
+** xCmp16.
+**
+** If both CollSeq.xCmp and CollSeq.xCmp16 are NULL, it means that the
+** collating sequence is undefined.  Indices built on an undefined
+** collating sequence may not be read or written.
+*/
+struct CollSeq {
+  char *zName;          /* Name of the collating sequence, UTF-8 encoded */
+  u8 enc;               /* Text encoding handled by xCmp() */
+  u8 type;              /* One of the SQLITE_COLL_... values below */
+  void *pUser;          /* First argument to xCmp() */
+  int (*xCmp)(void*,int, const void*, int, const void*);
+  void (*xDel)(void*);  /* Destructor for pUser */
+};
+
+/*
+** Allowed values of CollSeq flags:
+*/
+#define SQLITE_COLL_BINARY  1  /* The default memcmp() collating sequence */
+#define SQLITE_COLL_NOCASE  2  /* The built-in NOCASE collating sequence */
+#define SQLITE_COLL_REVERSE 3  /* The built-in REVERSE collating sequence */
+#define SQLITE_COLL_USER    0  /* Any other user-defined collating sequence */
+
+/*
+** A sort order can be either ASC or DESC.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_SO_ASC       0  /* Sort in ascending order */
+#define SQLITE_SO_DESC      1  /* Sort in ascending order */
+
+/*
+** Column affinity types.
+**
+** These used to have mnemonic name like 'i' for SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER and
+** 't' for SQLITE_AFF_TEXT.  But we can save a little space and improve
+** the speed a little by number the values consecutively.  
+**
+** But rather than start with 0 or 1, we begin with 'a'.  That way,
+** when multiple affinity types are concatenated into a string and
+** used as the P4 operand, they will be more readable.
+**
+** Note also that the numeric types are grouped together so that testing
+** for a numeric type is a single comparison.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_AFF_TEXT     'a'
+#define SQLITE_AFF_NONE     'b'
+#define SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC  'c'
+#define SQLITE_AFF_INTEGER  'd'
+#define SQLITE_AFF_REAL     'e'
+
+#define sqlite3IsNumericAffinity(X)  ((X)>=SQLITE_AFF_NUMERIC)
+
+/*
+** The SQLITE_AFF_MASK values masks off the significant bits of an
+** affinity value. 
+*/
+#define SQLITE_AFF_MASK     0x67
+
+/*
+** Additional bit values that can be ORed with an affinity without
+** changing the affinity.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_JUMPIFNULL   0x08  /* jumps if either operand is NULL */
+#define SQLITE_NULLEQUAL    0x10  /* compare NULLs equal */
+#define SQLITE_STOREP2      0x80  /* Store result in reg[P2] rather than jump */
+
+/*
+** Each SQL table is represented in memory by an instance of the
+** following structure.
+**
+** Table.zName is the name of the table.  The case of the original
+** CREATE TABLE statement is stored, but case is not significant for
+** comparisons.
+**
+** Table.nCol is the number of columns in this table.  Table.aCol is a
+** pointer to an array of Column structures, one for each column.
+**
+** If the table has an INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, then Table.iPKey is the index of
+** the column that is that key.   Otherwise Table.iPKey is negative.  Note
+** that the datatype of the PRIMARY KEY must be INTEGER for this field to
+** be set.  An INTEGER PRIMARY KEY is used as the rowid for each row of
+** the table.  If a table has no INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, then a random rowid
+** is generated for each row of the table.  Table.hasPrimKey is true if
+** the table has any PRIMARY KEY, INTEGER or otherwise.
+**
+** Table.tnum is the page number for the root BTree page of the table in the
+** database file.  If Table.iDb is the index of the database table backend
+** in sqlite.aDb[].  0 is for the main database and 1 is for the file that
+** holds temporary tables and indices.  If Table.isEphem
+** is true, then the table is stored in a file that is automatically deleted
+** when the VDBE cursor to the table is closed.  In this case Table.tnum 
+** refers VDBE cursor number that holds the table open, not to the root
+** page number.  Transient tables are used to hold the results of a
+** sub-query that appears instead of a real table name in the FROM clause 
+** of a SELECT statement.
+*/
+struct Table {
+  char *zName;     /* Name of the table */
+  int nCol;        /* Number of columns in this table */
+  Column *aCol;    /* Information about each column */
+  int iPKey;       /* If not less then 0, use aCol[iPKey] as the primary key */
+  Index *pIndex;   /* List of SQL indexes on this table. */
+  int tnum;        /* Root BTree node for this table (see note above) */
+  Select *pSelect; /* NULL for tables.  Points to definition if a view. */
+  int nRef;          /* Number of pointers to this Table */
+  Trigger *pTrigger; /* List of SQL triggers on this table */
+  FKey *pFKey;       /* Linked list of all foreign keys in this table */
+  char *zColAff;     /* String defining the affinity of each column */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_CHECK
+  Expr *pCheck;      /* The AND of all CHECK constraints */
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_ALTERTABLE
+  int addColOffset;  /* Offset in CREATE TABLE statement to add a new column */
+#endif
+  u8 readOnly;     /* True if this table should not be written by the user */
+  u8 isEphem;      /* True if created using OP_OpenEphermeral */
+  u8 hasPrimKey;   /* True if there exists a primary key */
+  u8 keyConf;      /* What to do in case of uniqueness conflict on iPKey */
+  u8 autoInc;      /* True if the integer primary key is autoincrement */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+  u8 isVirtual;             /* True if this is a virtual table */
+  u8 isCommit;              /* True once the CREATE TABLE has been committed */
+  Module *pMod;             /* Pointer to the implementation of the module */
+  sqlite3_vtab *pVtab;      /* Pointer to the module instance */
+  int nModuleArg;           /* Number of arguments to the module */
+  char **azModuleArg;       /* Text of all module args. [0] is module name */
+#endif
+  Schema *pSchema;          /* Schema that contains this table */
+};
+
+/*
+** Test to see whether or not a table is a virtual table.  This is
+** done as a macro so that it will be optimized out when virtual
+** table support is omitted from the build.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+#  define IsVirtual(X)      ((X)->isVirtual)
+#  define IsHiddenColumn(X) ((X)->isHidden)
+#else
+#  define IsVirtual(X)      0
+#  define IsHiddenColumn(X) 0
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Each foreign key constraint is an instance of the following structure.
+**
+** A foreign key is associated with two tables.  The "from" table is
+** the table that contains the REFERENCES clause that creates the foreign
+** key.  The "to" table is the table that is named in the REFERENCES clause.
+** Consider this example:
+**
+**     CREATE TABLE ex1(
+**       a INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
+**       b INTEGER CONSTRAINT fk1 REFERENCES ex2(x)
+**     );
+**
+** For foreign key "fk1", the from-table is "ex1" and the to-table is "ex2".
+**
+** Each REFERENCES clause generates an instance of the following structure
+** which is attached to the from-table.  The to-table need not exist when
+** the from-table is created.  The existance of the to-table is not checked
+** until an attempt is made to insert data into the from-table.
+**
+** The sqlite.aFKey hash table stores pointers to this structure
+** given the name of a to-table.  For each to-table, all foreign keys
+** associated with that table are on a linked list using the FKey.pNextTo
+** field.
+*/
+struct FKey {
+  Table *pFrom;     /* The table that constains the REFERENCES clause */
+  FKey *pNextFrom;  /* Next foreign key in pFrom */
+  char *zTo;        /* Name of table that the key points to */
+  FKey *pNextTo;    /* Next foreign key that points to zTo */
+  int nCol;         /* Number of columns in this key */
+  struct sColMap {  /* Mapping of columns in pFrom to columns in zTo */
+    int iFrom;         /* Index of column in pFrom */
+    char *zCol;        /* Name of column in zTo.  If 0 use PRIMARY KEY */
+  } *aCol;          /* One entry for each of nCol column s */
+  u8 isDeferred;    /* True if constraint checking is deferred till COMMIT */
+  u8 updateConf;    /* How to resolve conflicts that occur on UPDATE */
+  u8 deleteConf;    /* How to resolve conflicts that occur on DELETE */
+  u8 insertConf;    /* How to resolve conflicts that occur on INSERT */
+};
+
+/*
+** SQLite supports many different ways to resolve a constraint
+** error.  ROLLBACK processing means that a constraint violation
+** causes the operation in process to fail and for the current transaction
+** to be rolled back.  ABORT processing means the operation in process
+** fails and any prior changes from that one operation are backed out,
+** but the transaction is not rolled back.  FAIL processing means that
+** the operation in progress stops and returns an error code.  But prior
+** changes due to the same operation are not backed out and no rollback
+** occurs.  IGNORE means that the particular row that caused the constraint
+** error is not inserted or updated.  Processing continues and no error
+** is returned.  REPLACE means that preexisting database rows that caused
+** a UNIQUE constraint violation are removed so that the new insert or
+** update can proceed.  Processing continues and no error is reported.
+**
+** RESTRICT, SETNULL, and CASCADE actions apply only to foreign keys.
+** RESTRICT is the same as ABORT for IMMEDIATE foreign keys and the
+** same as ROLLBACK for DEFERRED keys.  SETNULL means that the foreign
+** key is set to NULL.  CASCADE means that a DELETE or UPDATE of the
+** referenced table row is propagated into the row that holds the
+** foreign key.
+** 
+** The following symbolic values are used to record which type
+** of action to take.
+*/
+#define OE_None     0   /* There is no constraint to check */
+#define OE_Rollback 1   /* Fail the operation and rollback the transaction */
+#define OE_Abort    2   /* Back out changes but do no rollback transaction */
+#define OE_Fail     3   /* Stop the operation but leave all prior changes */
+#define OE_Ignore   4   /* Ignore the error. Do not do the INSERT or UPDATE */
+#define OE_Replace  5   /* Delete existing record, then do INSERT or UPDATE */
+
+#define OE_Restrict 6   /* OE_Abort for IMMEDIATE, OE_Rollback for DEFERRED */
+#define OE_SetNull  7   /* Set the foreign key value to NULL */
+#define OE_SetDflt  8   /* Set the foreign key value to its default */
+#define OE_Cascade  9   /* Cascade the changes */
+
+#define OE_Default  99  /* Do whatever the default action is */
+
+
+/*
+** An instance of the following structure is passed as the first
+** argument to sqlite3VdbeKeyCompare and is used to control the 
+** comparison of the two index keys.
+**
+** If the KeyInfo.incrKey value is true and the comparison would
+** otherwise be equal, then return a result as if the second key
+** were larger.
+*/
+struct KeyInfo {
+  sqlite3 *db;        /* The database connection */
+  u8 enc;             /* Text encoding - one of the TEXT_Utf* values */
+  u8 incrKey;         /* Increase 2nd key by epsilon before comparison */
+  u8 prefixIsEqual;   /* Treat a prefix as equal */
+  int nField;         /* Number of entries in aColl[] */
+  u8 *aSortOrder;     /* If defined an aSortOrder[i] is true, sort DESC */
+  CollSeq *aColl[1];  /* Collating sequence for each term of the key */
+};
+
+/*
+** Each SQL index is represented in memory by an
+** instance of the following structure.
+**
+** The columns of the table that are to be indexed are described
+** by the aiColumn[] field of this structure.  For example, suppose
+** we have the following table and index:
+**
+**     CREATE TABLE Ex1(c1 int, c2 int, c3 text);
+**     CREATE INDEX Ex2 ON Ex1(c3,c1);
+**
+** In the Table structure describing Ex1, nCol==3 because there are
+** three columns in the table.  In the Index structure describing
+** Ex2, nColumn==2 since 2 of the 3 columns of Ex1 are indexed.
+** The value of aiColumn is {2, 0}.  aiColumn[0]==2 because the 
+** first column to be indexed (c3) has an index of 2 in Ex1.aCol[].
+** The second column to be indexed (c1) has an index of 0 in
+** Ex1.aCol[], hence Ex2.aiColumn[1]==0.
+**
+** The Index.onError field determines whether or not the indexed columns
+** must be unique and what to do if they are not.  When Index.onError=OE_None,
+** it means this is not a unique index.  Otherwise it is a unique index
+** and the value of Index.onError indicate the which conflict resolution 
+** algorithm to employ whenever an attempt is made to insert a non-unique
+** element.
+*/
+struct Index {
+  char *zName;     /* Name of this index */
+  int nColumn;     /* Number of columns in the table used by this index */
+  int *aiColumn;   /* Which columns are used by this index.  1st is 0 */
+  unsigned *aiRowEst; /* Result of ANALYZE: Est. rows selected by each column */
+  Table *pTable;   /* The SQL table being indexed */
+  int tnum;        /* Page containing root of this index in database file */
+  u8 onError;      /* OE_Abort, OE_Ignore, OE_Replace, or OE_None */
+  u8 autoIndex;    /* True if is automatically created (ex: by UNIQUE) */
+  char *zColAff;   /* String defining the affinity of each column */
+  Index *pNext;    /* The next index associated with the same table */
+  Schema *pSchema; /* Schema containing this index */
+  u8 *aSortOrder;  /* Array of size Index.nColumn. True==DESC, False==ASC */
+  char **azColl;   /* Array of collation sequence names for index */
+};
+
+/*
+** Each token coming out of the lexer is an instance of
+** this structure.  Tokens are also used as part of an expression.
+**
+** Note if Token.z==0 then Token.dyn and Token.n are undefined and
+** may contain random values.  Do not make any assuptions about Token.dyn
+** and Token.n when Token.z==0.
+*/
+struct Token {
+  const unsigned char *z; /* Text of the token.  Not NULL-terminated! */
+  unsigned dyn  : 1;      /* True for malloced memory, false for static */
+  unsigned n    : 31;     /* Number of characters in this token */
+};
+
+/*
+** An instance of this structure contains information needed to generate
+** code for a SELECT that contains aggregate functions.
+**
+** If Expr.op==TK_AGG_COLUMN or TK_AGG_FUNCTION then Expr.pAggInfo is a
+** pointer to this structure.  The Expr.iColumn field is the index in
+** AggInfo.aCol[] or AggInfo.aFunc[] of information needed to generate
+** code for that node.
+**
+** AggInfo.pGroupBy and AggInfo.aFunc.pExpr point to fields within the
+** original Select structure that describes the SELECT statement.  These
+** fields do not need to be freed when deallocating the AggInfo structure.
+*/
+struct AggInfo {
+  u8 directMode;          /* Direct rendering mode means take data directly
+                          ** from source tables rather than from accumulators */
+  u8 useSortingIdx;       /* In direct mode, reference the sorting index rather
+                          ** than the source table */
+  int sortingIdx;         /* Cursor number of the sorting index */
+  ExprList *pGroupBy;     /* The group by clause */
+  int nSortingColumn;     /* Number of columns in the sorting index */
+  struct AggInfo_col {    /* For each column used in source tables */
+    Table *pTab;             /* Source table */
+    int iTable;              /* Cursor number of the source table */
+    int iColumn;             /* Column number within the source table */
+    int iSorterColumn;       /* Column number in the sorting index */
+    int iMem;                /* Memory location that acts as accumulator */
+    Expr *pExpr;             /* The original expression */
+  } *aCol;
+  int nColumn;            /* Number of used entries in aCol[] */
+  int nColumnAlloc;       /* Number of slots allocated for aCol[] */
+  int nAccumulator;       /* Number of columns that show through to the output.
+                          ** Additional columns are used only as parameters to
+                          ** aggregate functions */
+  struct AggInfo_func {   /* For each aggregate function */
+    Expr *pExpr;             /* Expression encoding the function */
+    FuncDef *pFunc;          /* The aggregate function implementation */
+    int iMem;                /* Memory location that acts as accumulator */
+    int iDistinct;           /* Ephermeral table used to enforce DISTINCT */
+  } *aFunc;
+  int nFunc;              /* Number of entries in aFunc[] */
+  int nFuncAlloc;         /* Number of slots allocated for aFunc[] */
+};
+
+/*
+** Each node of an expression in the parse tree is an instance
+** of this structure.
+**
+** Expr.op is the opcode.  The integer parser token codes are reused
+** as opcodes here.  For example, the parser defines TK_GE to be an integer
+** code representing the ">=" operator.  This same integer code is reused
+** to represent the greater-than-or-equal-to operator in the expression
+** tree.
+**
+** Expr.pRight and Expr.pLeft are subexpressions.  Expr.pList is a list
+** of argument if the expression is a function.
+**
+** Expr.token is the operator token for this node.  For some expressions
+** that have subexpressions, Expr.token can be the complete text that gave
+** rise to the Expr.  In the latter case, the token is marked as being
+** a compound token.
+**
+** An expression of the form ID or ID.ID refers to a column in a table.
+** For such expressions, Expr.op is set to TK_COLUMN and Expr.iTable is
+** the integer cursor number of a VDBE cursor pointing to that table and
+** Expr.iColumn is the column number for the specific column.  If the
+** expression is used as a result in an aggregate SELECT, then the
+** value is also stored in the Expr.iAgg column in the aggregate so that
+** it can be accessed after all aggregates are computed.
+**
+** If the expression is a function, the Expr.iTable is an integer code
+** representing which function.  If the expression is an unbound variable
+** marker (a question mark character '?' in the original SQL) then the
+** Expr.iTable holds the index number for that variable.
+**
+** If the expression is a subquery then Expr.iColumn holds an integer
+** register number containing the result of the subquery.  If the
+** subquery gives a constant result, then iTable is -1.  If the subquery
+** gives a different answer at different times during statement processing
+** then iTable is the address of a subroutine that computes the subquery.
+**
+** The Expr.pSelect field points to a SELECT statement.  The SELECT might
+** be the right operand of an IN operator.  Or, if a scalar SELECT appears
+** in an expression the opcode is TK_SELECT and Expr.pSelect is the only
+** operand.
+**
+** If the Expr is of type OP_Column, and the table it is selecting from
+** is a disk table or the "old.*" pseudo-table, then pTab points to the
+** corresponding table definition.
+*/
+struct Expr {
+  u8 op;                 /* Operation performed by this node */
+  char affinity;         /* The affinity of the column or 0 if not a column */
+  u16 flags;             /* Various flags.  See below */
+  CollSeq *pColl;        /* The collation type of the column or 0 */
+  Expr *pLeft, *pRight;  /* Left and right subnodes */
+  ExprList *pList;       /* A list of expressions used as function arguments
+                         ** or in "<expr> IN (<expr-list)" */
+  Token token;           /* An operand token */
+  Token span;            /* Complete text of the expression */
+  int iTable, iColumn;   /* When op==TK_COLUMN, then this expr node means the
+                         ** iColumn-th field of the iTable-th table. */
+  AggInfo *pAggInfo;     /* Used by TK_AGG_COLUMN and TK_AGG_FUNCTION */
+  int iAgg;              /* Which entry in pAggInfo->aCol[] or ->aFunc[] */
+  int iRightJoinTable;   /* If EP_FromJoin, the right table of the join */
+  Select *pSelect;       /* When the expression is a sub-select.  Also the
+                         ** right side of "<expr> IN (<select>)" */
+  Table *pTab;           /* Table for OP_Column expressions. */
+/*  Schema *pSchema; */
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
+  int nHeight;           /* Height of the tree headed by this node */
+#endif
+};
+
+/*
+** The following are the meanings of bits in the Expr.flags field.
+*/
+#define EP_FromJoin   0x0001  /* Originated in ON or USING clause of a join */
+#define EP_Agg        0x0002  /* Contains one or more aggregate functions */
+#define EP_Resolved   0x0004  /* IDs have been resolved to COLUMNs */
+#define EP_Error      0x0008  /* Expression contains one or more errors */
+#define EP_Distinct   0x0010  /* Aggregate function with DISTINCT keyword */
+#define EP_VarSelect  0x0020  /* pSelect is correlated, not constant */
+#define EP_Dequoted   0x0040  /* True if the string has been dequoted */
+#define EP_InfixFunc  0x0080  /* True for an infix function: LIKE, GLOB, etc */
+#define EP_ExpCollate 0x0100  /* Collating sequence specified explicitly */
+#define EP_AnyAff     0x0200  /* Can take a cached column of any affinity */
+#define EP_FixedDest  0x0400  /* Result needed in a specific register */
+
+/*
+** These macros can be used to test, set, or clear bits in the 
+** Expr.flags field.
+*/
+#define ExprHasProperty(E,P)     (((E)->flags&(P))==(P))
+#define ExprHasAnyProperty(E,P)  (((E)->flags&(P))!=0)
+#define ExprSetProperty(E,P)     (E)->flags|=(P)
+#define ExprClearProperty(E,P)   (E)->flags&=~(P)
+
+/*
+** A list of expressions.  Each expression may optionally have a
+** name.  An expr/name combination can be used in several ways, such
+** as the list of "expr AS ID" fields following a "SELECT" or in the
+** list of "ID = expr" items in an UPDATE.  A list of expressions can
+** also be used as the argument to a function, in which case the a.zName
+** field is not used.
+*/
+struct ExprList {
+  int nExpr;             /* Number of expressions on the list */
+  int nAlloc;            /* Number of entries allocated below */
+  int iECursor;          /* VDBE Cursor associated with this ExprList */
+  struct ExprList_item {
+    Expr *pExpr;           /* The list of expressions */
+    char *zName;           /* Token associated with this expression */
+    u8 sortOrder;          /* 1 for DESC or 0 for ASC */
+    u8 isAgg;              /* True if this is an aggregate like count(*) */
+    u8 done;               /* A flag to indicate when processing is finished */
+  } *a;                  /* One entry for each expression */
+};
+
+/*
+** An instance of this structure can hold a simple list of identifiers,
+** such as the list "a,b,c" in the following statements:
+**
+**      INSERT INTO t(a,b,c) VALUES ...;
+**      CREATE INDEX idx ON t(a,b,c);
+**      CREATE TRIGGER trig BEFORE UPDATE ON t(a,b,c) ...;
+**
+** The IdList.a.idx field is used when the IdList represents the list of
+** column names after a table name in an INSERT statement.  In the statement
+**
+**     INSERT INTO t(a,b,c) ...
+**
+** If "a" is the k-th column of table "t", then IdList.a[0].idx==k.
+*/
+struct IdList {
+  struct IdList_item {
+    char *zName;      /* Name of the identifier */
+    int idx;          /* Index in some Table.aCol[] of a column named zName */
+  } *a;
+  int nId;         /* Number of identifiers on the list */
+  int nAlloc;      /* Number of entries allocated for a[] below */
+};
+
+/*
+** The bitmask datatype defined below is used for various optimizations.
+**
+** Changing this from a 64-bit to a 32-bit type limits the number of
+** tables in a join to 32 instead of 64.  But it also reduces the size
+** of the library by 738 bytes on ix86.
+*/
+typedef u64 Bitmask;
+
+/*
+** The following structure describes the FROM clause of a SELECT statement.
+** Each table or subquery in the FROM clause is a separate element of
+** the SrcList.a[] array.
+**
+** With the addition of multiple database support, the following structure
+** can also be used to describe a particular table such as the table that
+** is modified by an INSERT, DELETE, or UPDATE statement.  In standard SQL,
+** such a table must be a simple name: ID.  But in SQLite, the table can
+** now be identified by a database name, a dot, then the table name: ID.ID.
+**
+** The jointype starts out showing the join type between the current table
+** and the next table on the list.  The parser builds the list this way.
+** But sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType() later shifts the jointypes so that each
+** jointype expresses the join between the table and the previous table.
+*/
+struct SrcList {
+  i16 nSrc;        /* Number of tables or subqueries in the FROM clause */
+  i16 nAlloc;      /* Number of entries allocated in a[] below */
+  struct SrcList_item {
+    char *zDatabase;  /* Name of database holding this table */
+    char *zName;      /* Name of the table */
+    char *zAlias;     /* The "B" part of a "A AS B" phrase.  zName is the "A" */
+    Table *pTab;      /* An SQL table corresponding to zName */
+    Select *pSelect;  /* A SELECT statement used in place of a table name */
+    u8 isPopulated;   /* Temporary table associated with SELECT is populated */
+    u8 jointype;      /* Type of join between this able and the previous */
+    int iCursor;      /* The VDBE cursor number used to access this table */
+    Expr *pOn;        /* The ON clause of a join */
+    IdList *pUsing;   /* The USING clause of a join */
+    Bitmask colUsed;  /* Bit N (1<<N) set if column N or pTab is used */
+  } a[1];             /* One entry for each identifier on the list */
+};
+
+/*
+** Permitted values of the SrcList.a.jointype field
+*/
+#define JT_INNER     0x0001    /* Any kind of inner or cross join */
+#define JT_CROSS     0x0002    /* Explicit use of the CROSS keyword */
+#define JT_NATURAL   0x0004    /* True for a "natural" join */
+#define JT_LEFT      0x0008    /* Left outer join */
+#define JT_RIGHT     0x0010    /* Right outer join */
+#define JT_OUTER     0x0020    /* The "OUTER" keyword is present */
+#define JT_ERROR     0x0040    /* unknown or unsupported join type */
+
+/*
+** For each nested loop in a WHERE clause implementation, the WhereInfo
+** structure contains a single instance of this structure.  This structure
+** is intended to be private the the where.c module and should not be
+** access or modified by other modules.
+**
+** The pIdxInfo and pBestIdx fields are used to help pick the best
+** index on a virtual table.  The pIdxInfo pointer contains indexing
+** information for the i-th table in the FROM clause before reordering.
+** All the pIdxInfo pointers are freed by whereInfoFree() in where.c.
+** The pBestIdx pointer is a copy of pIdxInfo for the i-th table after
+** FROM clause ordering.  This is a little confusing so I will repeat
+** it in different words.  WhereInfo.a[i].pIdxInfo is index information 
+** for WhereInfo.pTabList.a[i].  WhereInfo.a[i].pBestInfo is the
+** index information for the i-th loop of the join.  pBestInfo is always
+** either NULL or a copy of some pIdxInfo.  So for cleanup it is 
+** sufficient to free all of the pIdxInfo pointers.
+** 
+*/
+struct WhereLevel {
+  int iFrom;            /* Which entry in the FROM clause */
+  int flags;            /* Flags associated with this level */
+  int iMem;             /* First memory cell used by this level */
+  int iLeftJoin;        /* Memory cell used to implement LEFT OUTER JOIN */
+  Index *pIdx;          /* Index used.  NULL if no index */
+  int iTabCur;          /* The VDBE cursor used to access the table */
+  int iIdxCur;          /* The VDBE cursor used to acesss pIdx */
+  int brk;              /* Jump here to break out of the loop */
+  int nxt;              /* Jump here to start the next IN combination */
+  int cont;             /* Jump here to continue with the next loop cycle */
+  int top;              /* First instruction of interior of the loop */
+  int op, p1, p2;       /* Opcode used to terminate the loop */
+  int nEq;              /* Number of == or IN constraints on this loop */
+  int nIn;              /* Number of IN operators constraining this loop */
+  struct InLoop {
+    int iCur;              /* The VDBE cursor used by this IN operator */
+    int topAddr;           /* Top of the IN loop */
+  } *aInLoop;           /* Information about each nested IN operator */
+  sqlite3_index_info *pBestIdx;  /* Index information for this level */
+
+  /* The following field is really not part of the current level.  But
+  ** we need a place to cache index information for each table in the
+  ** FROM clause and the WhereLevel structure is a convenient place.
+  */
+  sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo;  /* Index info for n-th source table */
+};
+
+/*
+** Flags appropriate for the wflags parameter of sqlite3WhereBegin().
+*/
+#define WHERE_ORDERBY_NORMAL     0   /* No-op */
+#define WHERE_ORDERBY_MIN        1   /* ORDER BY processing for min() func */
+#define WHERE_ORDERBY_MAX        2   /* ORDER BY processing for max() func */
+#define WHERE_ONEPASS_DESIRED    4   /* Want to do one-pass UPDATE/DELETE */
+
+/*
+** The WHERE clause processing routine has two halves.  The
+** first part does the start of the WHERE loop and the second
+** half does the tail of the WHERE loop.  An instance of
+** this structure is returned by the first half and passed
+** into the second half to give some continuity.
+*/
+struct WhereInfo {
+  Parse *pParse;       /* Parsing and code generating context */
+  u8 okOnePass;        /* Ok to use one-pass algorithm for UPDATE or DELETE */
+  SrcList *pTabList;   /* List of tables in the join */
+  int iTop;            /* The very beginning of the WHERE loop */
+  int iContinue;       /* Jump here to continue with next record */
+  int iBreak;          /* Jump here to break out of the loop */
+  int nLevel;          /* Number of nested loop */
+  sqlite3_index_info **apInfo;  /* Array of pointers to index info structures */
+  WhereLevel a[1];     /* Information about each nest loop in the WHERE */
+};
+
+/*
+** A NameContext defines a context in which to resolve table and column
+** names.  The context consists of a list of tables (the pSrcList) field and
+** a list of named expression (pEList).  The named expression list may
+** be NULL.  The pSrc corresponds to the FROM clause of a SELECT or
+** to the table being operated on by INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE.  The
+** pEList corresponds to the result set of a SELECT and is NULL for
+** other statements.
+**
+** NameContexts can be nested.  When resolving names, the inner-most 
+** context is searched first.  If no match is found, the next outer
+** context is checked.  If there is still no match, the next context
+** is checked.  This process continues until either a match is found
+** or all contexts are check.  When a match is found, the nRef member of
+** the context containing the match is incremented. 
+**
+** Each subquery gets a new NameContext.  The pNext field points to the
+** NameContext in the parent query.  Thus the process of scanning the
+** NameContext list corresponds to searching through successively outer
+** subqueries looking for a match.
+*/
+struct NameContext {
+  Parse *pParse;       /* The parser */
+  SrcList *pSrcList;   /* One or more tables used to resolve names */
+  ExprList *pEList;    /* Optional list of named expressions */
+  int nRef;            /* Number of names resolved by this context */
+  int nErr;            /* Number of errors encountered while resolving names */
+  u8 allowAgg;         /* Aggregate functions allowed here */
+  u8 hasAgg;           /* True if aggregates are seen */
+  u8 isCheck;          /* True if resolving names in a CHECK constraint */
+  int nDepth;          /* Depth of subquery recursion. 1 for no recursion */
+  AggInfo *pAggInfo;   /* Information about aggregates at this level */
+  NameContext *pNext;  /* Next outer name context.  NULL for outermost */
+};
+
+/*
+** An instance of the following structure contains all information
+** needed to generate code for a single SELECT statement.
+**
+** nLimit is set to -1 if there is no LIMIT clause.  nOffset is set to 0.
+** If there is a LIMIT clause, the parser sets nLimit to the value of the
+** limit and nOffset to the value of the offset (or 0 if there is not
+** offset).  But later on, nLimit and nOffset become the memory locations
+** in the VDBE that record the limit and offset counters.
+**
+** addrOpenEphm[] entries contain the address of OP_OpenEphemeral opcodes.
+** These addresses must be stored so that we can go back and fill in
+** the P4_KEYINFO and P2 parameters later.  Neither the KeyInfo nor
+** the number of columns in P2 can be computed at the same time
+** as the OP_OpenEphm instruction is coded because not
+** enough information about the compound query is known at that point.
+** The KeyInfo for addrOpenTran[0] and [1] contains collating sequences
+** for the result set.  The KeyInfo for addrOpenTran[2] contains collating
+** sequences for the ORDER BY clause.
+*/
+struct Select {
+  ExprList *pEList;      /* The fields of the result */
+  u8 op;                 /* One of: TK_UNION TK_ALL TK_INTERSECT TK_EXCEPT */
+  u8 isDistinct;         /* True if the DISTINCT keyword is present */
+  u8 isResolved;         /* True once sqlite3SelectResolve() has run. */
+  u8 isAgg;              /* True if this is an aggregate query */
+  u8 usesEphm;           /* True if uses an OpenEphemeral opcode */
+  u8 disallowOrderBy;    /* Do not allow an ORDER BY to be attached if TRUE */
+  char affinity;         /* MakeRecord with this affinity for SRT_Set */
+  SrcList *pSrc;         /* The FROM clause */
+  Expr *pWhere;          /* The WHERE clause */
+  ExprList *pGroupBy;    /* The GROUP BY clause */
+  Expr *pHaving;         /* The HAVING clause */
+  ExprList *pOrderBy;    /* The ORDER BY clause */
+  Select *pPrior;        /* Prior select in a compound select statement */
+  Select *pNext;         /* Next select to the left in a compound */
+  Select *pRightmost;    /* Right-most select in a compound select statement */
+  Expr *pLimit;          /* LIMIT expression. NULL means not used. */
+  Expr *pOffset;         /* OFFSET expression. NULL means not used. */
+  int iLimit, iOffset;   /* Memory registers holding LIMIT & OFFSET counters */
+  int addrOpenEphm[3];   /* OP_OpenEphem opcodes related to this select */
+};
+
+/*
+** The results of a select can be distributed in several ways.
+*/
+#define SRT_Union        1  /* Store result as keys in an index */
+#define SRT_Except       2  /* Remove result from a UNION index */
+#define SRT_Exists       3  /* Store 1 if the result is not empty */
+#define SRT_Discard      4  /* Do not save the results anywhere */
+
+/* The ORDER BY clause is ignored for all of the above */
+#define IgnorableOrderby(X) ((X->eDest)<=SRT_Discard)
+
+#define SRT_Callback     5  /* Invoke a callback with each row of result */
+#define SRT_Mem          6  /* Store result in a memory cell */
+#define SRT_Set          7  /* Store non-null results as keys in an index */
+#define SRT_Table        8  /* Store result as data with an automatic rowid */
+#define SRT_EphemTab     9  /* Create transient tab and store like SRT_Table */
+#define SRT_Subroutine  10  /* Call a subroutine to handle results */
+
+/*
+** A structure used to customize the behaviour of sqlite3Select(). See
+** comments above sqlite3Select() for details.
+*/
+typedef struct SelectDest SelectDest;
+struct SelectDest {
+  u8 eDest;         /* How to dispose of the results */
+  u8 affinity;      /* Affinity used when eDest==SRT_Set */
+  int iParm;        /* A parameter used by the eDest disposal method */
+  int iMem;         /* Base register where results are written */
+  int nMem;         /* Number of registers allocated */
+};
+
+/*
+** An SQL parser context.  A copy of this structure is passed through
+** the parser and down into all the parser action routine in order to
+** carry around information that is global to the entire parse.
+**
+** The structure is divided into two parts.  When the parser and code
+** generate call themselves recursively, the first part of the structure
+** is constant but the second part is reset at the beginning and end of
+** each recursion.
+**
+** The nTableLock and aTableLock variables are only used if the shared-cache 
+** feature is enabled (if sqlite3Tsd()->useSharedData is true). They are
+** used to store the set of table-locks required by the statement being
+** compiled. Function sqlite3TableLock() is used to add entries to the
+** list.
+*/
+struct Parse {
+  sqlite3 *db;         /* The main database structure */
+  int rc;              /* Return code from execution */
+  char *zErrMsg;       /* An error message */
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+  Vdbe *pVdbe;         /* An engine for executing database bytecode */
+#endif
+  u8 colNamesSet;      /* TRUE after OP_ColumnName has been issued to pVdbe */
+  u8 nameClash;        /* A permanent table name clashes with temp table name */
+  u8 checkSchema;      /* Causes schema cookie check after an error */
+  u8 nested;           /* Number of nested calls to the parser/code generator */
+  u8 parseError;       /* True after a parsing error.  Ticket #1794 */
+  u8 nTempReg;         /* Number of temporary registers in aTempReg[] */
+  u8 nTempInUse;       /* Number of aTempReg[] currently checked out */
+  int aTempReg[8];     /* Holding area for temporary registers */
+  int nRangeReg;       /* Size of the temporary register block */
+  int iRangeReg;       /* First register in temporary register block */
+  int nErr;            /* Number of errors seen */
+  int nTab;            /* Number of previously allocated VDBE cursors */
+  int nMem;            /* Number of memory cells used so far */
+  int nSet;            /* Number of sets used so far */
+  int ckBase;          /* Base register of data during check constraints */
+  int disableColCache; /* True to disable adding to column cache */
+  int nColCache;       /* Number of entries in the column cache */
+  int iColCache;       /* Next entry of the cache to replace */
+  struct yColCache {
+    int iTable;           /* Table cursor number */
+    int iColumn;          /* Table column number */
+    char affChange;       /* True if this register has had an affinity change */
+    int iReg;             /* Register holding value of this column */
+  } aColCache[10];     /* One for each valid column cache entry */
+  u32 writeMask;       /* Start a write transaction on these databases */
+  u32 cookieMask;      /* Bitmask of schema verified databases */
+  int cookieGoto;      /* Address of OP_Goto to cookie verifier subroutine */
+  int cookieValue[SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED+2];  /* Values of cookies to verify */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
+  int nTableLock;        /* Number of locks in aTableLock */
+  TableLock *aTableLock; /* Required table locks for shared-cache mode */
+#endif
+  int regRowid;        /* Register holding rowid of CREATE TABLE entry */
+  int regRoot;         /* Register holding root page number for new objects */
+
+  /* Above is constant between recursions.  Below is reset before and after
+  ** each recursion */
+
+  int nVar;            /* Number of '?' variables seen in the SQL so far */
+  int nVarExpr;        /* Number of used slots in apVarExpr[] */
+  int nVarExprAlloc;   /* Number of allocated slots in apVarExpr[] */
+  Expr **apVarExpr;    /* Pointers to :aaa and $aaaa wildcard expressions */
+  u8 explain;          /* True if the EXPLAIN flag is found on the query */
+  Token sErrToken;     /* The token at which the error occurred */
+  Token sNameToken;    /* Token with unqualified schema object name */
+  Token sLastToken;    /* The last token parsed */
+  const char *zSql;    /* All SQL text */
+  const char *zTail;   /* All SQL text past the last semicolon parsed */
+  Table *pNewTable;    /* A table being constructed by CREATE TABLE */
+  Trigger *pNewTrigger;     /* Trigger under construct by a CREATE TRIGGER */
+  TriggerStack *trigStack;  /* Trigger actions being coded */
+  const char *zAuthContext; /* The 6th parameter to db->xAuth callbacks */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+  Token sArg;                /* Complete text of a module argument */
+  u8 declareVtab;            /* True if inside sqlite3_declare_vtab() */
+  int nVtabLock;             /* Number of virtual tables to lock */
+  Table **apVtabLock;        /* Pointer to virtual tables needing locking */
+#endif
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
+  int nHeight;            /* Expression tree height of current sub-select */
+#endif
+};
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+  #define IN_DECLARE_VTAB 0
+#else
+  #define IN_DECLARE_VTAB (pParse->declareVtab)
+#endif
+
+/*
+** An instance of the following structure can be declared on a stack and used
+** to save the Parse.zAuthContext value so that it can be restored later.
+*/
+struct AuthContext {
+  const char *zAuthContext;   /* Put saved Parse.zAuthContext here */
+  Parse *pParse;              /* The Parse structure */
+};
+
+/*
+** Bitfield flags for P2 value in OP_Insert and OP_Delete
+*/
+#define OPFLAG_NCHANGE   1    /* Set to update db->nChange */
+#define OPFLAG_LASTROWID 2    /* Set to update db->lastRowid */
+#define OPFLAG_ISUPDATE  4    /* This OP_Insert is an sql UPDATE */
+#define OPFLAG_APPEND    8    /* This is likely to be an append */
+
+/*
+ * Each trigger present in the database schema is stored as an instance of
+ * struct Trigger. 
+ *
+ * Pointers to instances of struct Trigger are stored in two ways.
+ * 1. In the "trigHash" hash table (part of the sqlite3* that represents the 
+ *    database). This allows Trigger structures to be retrieved by name.
+ * 2. All triggers associated with a single table form a linked list, using the
+ *    pNext member of struct Trigger. A pointer to the first element of the
+ *    linked list is stored as the "pTrigger" member of the associated
+ *    struct Table.
+ *
+ * The "step_list" member points to the first element of a linked list
+ * containing the SQL statements specified as the trigger program.
+ */
+struct Trigger {
+  char *name;             /* The name of the trigger                        */
+  char *table;            /* The table or view to which the trigger applies */
+  u8 op;                  /* One of TK_DELETE, TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT         */
+  u8 tr_tm;               /* One of TRIGGER_BEFORE, TRIGGER_AFTER */
+  Expr *pWhen;            /* The WHEN clause of the expresion (may be NULL) */
+  IdList *pColumns;       /* If this is an UPDATE OF <column-list> trigger,
+                             the <column-list> is stored here */
+  Token nameToken;        /* Token containing zName. Use during parsing only */
+  Schema *pSchema;        /* Schema containing the trigger */
+  Schema *pTabSchema;     /* Schema containing the table */
+  TriggerStep *step_list; /* Link list of trigger program steps             */
+  Trigger *pNext;         /* Next trigger associated with the table */
+};
+
+/*
+** A trigger is either a BEFORE or an AFTER trigger.  The following constants
+** determine which. 
+**
+** If there are multiple triggers, you might of some BEFORE and some AFTER.
+** In that cases, the constants below can be ORed together.
+*/
+#define TRIGGER_BEFORE  1
+#define TRIGGER_AFTER   2
+
+/*
+ * An instance of struct TriggerStep is used to store a single SQL statement
+ * that is a part of a trigger-program. 
+ *
+ * Instances of struct TriggerStep are stored in a singly linked list (linked
+ * using the "pNext" member) referenced by the "step_list" member of the 
+ * associated struct Trigger instance. The first element of the linked list is
+ * the first step of the trigger-program.
+ * 
+ * The "op" member indicates whether this is a "DELETE", "INSERT", "UPDATE" or
+ * "SELECT" statement. The meanings of the other members is determined by the 
+ * value of "op" as follows:
+ *
+ * (op == TK_INSERT)
+ * orconf    -> stores the ON CONFLICT algorithm
+ * pSelect   -> If this is an INSERT INTO ... SELECT ... statement, then
+ *              this stores a pointer to the SELECT statement. Otherwise NULL.
+ * target    -> A token holding the name of the table to insert into.
+ * pExprList -> If this is an INSERT INTO ... VALUES ... statement, then
+ *              this stores values to be inserted. Otherwise NULL.
+ * pIdList   -> If this is an INSERT INTO ... (<column-names>) VALUES ... 
+ *              statement, then this stores the column-names to be
+ *              inserted into.
+ *
+ * (op == TK_DELETE)
+ * target    -> A token holding the name of the table to delete from.
+ * pWhere    -> The WHERE clause of the DELETE statement if one is specified.
+ *              Otherwise NULL.
+ * 
+ * (op == TK_UPDATE)
+ * target    -> A token holding the name of the table to update rows of.
+ * pWhere    -> The WHERE clause of the UPDATE statement if one is specified.
+ *              Otherwise NULL.
+ * pExprList -> A list of the columns to update and the expressions to update
+ *              them to. See sqlite3Update() documentation of "pChanges"
+ *              argument.
+ * 
+ */
+struct TriggerStep {
+  int op;              /* One of TK_DELETE, TK_UPDATE, TK_INSERT, TK_SELECT */
+  int orconf;          /* OE_Rollback etc. */
+  Trigger *pTrig;      /* The trigger that this step is a part of */
+
+  Select *pSelect;     /* Valid for SELECT and sometimes 
+                          INSERT steps (when pExprList == 0) */
+  Token target;        /* Valid for DELETE, UPDATE, INSERT steps */
+  Expr *pWhere;        /* Valid for DELETE, UPDATE steps */
+  ExprList *pExprList; /* Valid for UPDATE statements and sometimes 
+                           INSERT steps (when pSelect == 0)         */
+  IdList *pIdList;     /* Valid for INSERT statements only */
+  TriggerStep *pNext;  /* Next in the link-list */
+  TriggerStep *pLast;  /* Last element in link-list. Valid for 1st elem only */
+};
+
+/*
+ * An instance of struct TriggerStack stores information required during code
+ * generation of a single trigger program. While the trigger program is being
+ * coded, its associated TriggerStack instance is pointed to by the
+ * "pTriggerStack" member of the Parse structure.
+ *
+ * The pTab member points to the table that triggers are being coded on. The 
+ * newIdx member contains the index of the vdbe cursor that points at the temp
+ * table that stores the new.* references. If new.* references are not valid
+ * for the trigger being coded (for example an ON DELETE trigger), then newIdx
+ * is set to -1. The oldIdx member is analogous to newIdx, for old.* references.
+ *
+ * The ON CONFLICT policy to be used for the trigger program steps is stored 
+ * as the orconf member. If this is OE_Default, then the ON CONFLICT clause 
+ * specified for individual triggers steps is used.
+ *
+ * struct TriggerStack has a "pNext" member, to allow linked lists to be
+ * constructed. When coding nested triggers (triggers fired by other triggers)
+ * each nested trigger stores its parent trigger's TriggerStack as the "pNext" 
+ * pointer. Once the nested trigger has been coded, the pNext value is restored
+ * to the pTriggerStack member of the Parse stucture and coding of the parent
+ * trigger continues.
+ *
+ * Before a nested trigger is coded, the linked list pointed to by the 
+ * pTriggerStack is scanned to ensure that the trigger is not about to be coded
+ * recursively. If this condition is detected, the nested trigger is not coded.
+ */
+struct TriggerStack {
+  Table *pTab;         /* Table that triggers are currently being coded on */
+  int newIdx;          /* Index of vdbe cursor to "new" temp table */
+  int oldIdx;          /* Index of vdbe cursor to "old" temp table */
+  u32 newColMask;
+  u32 oldColMask;
+  int orconf;          /* Current orconf policy */
+  int ignoreJump;      /* where to jump to for a RAISE(IGNORE) */
+  Trigger *pTrigger;   /* The trigger currently being coded */
+  TriggerStack *pNext; /* Next trigger down on the trigger stack */
+};
+
+/*
+** The following structure contains information used by the sqliteFix...
+** routines as they walk the parse tree to make database references
+** explicit.  
+*/
+typedef struct DbFixer DbFixer;
+struct DbFixer {
+  Parse *pParse;      /* The parsing context.  Error messages written here */
+  const char *zDb;    /* Make sure all objects are contained in this database */
+  const char *zType;  /* Type of the container - used for error messages */
+  const Token *pName; /* Name of the container - used for error messages */
+};
+
+/*
+** An objected used to accumulate the text of a string where we
+** do not necessarily know how big the string will be in the end.
+*/
+struct StrAccum {
+  char *zBase;     /* A base allocation.  Not from malloc. */
+  char *zText;     /* The string collected so far */
+  int  nChar;      /* Length of the string so far */
+  int  nAlloc;     /* Amount of space allocated in zText */
+  int  mxAlloc;        /* Maximum allowed string length */
+  u8   mallocFailed;   /* Becomes true if any memory allocation fails */
+  u8   useMalloc;      /* True if zText is enlargable using realloc */
+  u8   tooBig;         /* Becomes true if string size exceeds limits */
+};
+
+/*
+** A pointer to this structure is used to communicate information
+** from sqlite3Init and OP_ParseSchema into the sqlite3InitCallback.
+*/
+typedef struct {
+  sqlite3 *db;        /* The database being initialized */
+  int iDb;            /* 0 for main database.  1 for TEMP, 2.. for ATTACHed */
+  char **pzErrMsg;    /* Error message stored here */
+  int rc;             /* Result code stored here */
+} InitData;
+
+/*
+** Assuming zIn points to the first byte of a UTF-8 character,
+** advance zIn to point to the first byte of the next UTF-8 character.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_SKIP_UTF8(zIn) {                        \
+  if( (*(zIn++))>=0xc0 ){                              \
+    while( (*zIn & 0xc0)==0x80 ){ zIn++; }             \
+  }                                                    \
+}
+
+/*
+** The SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT macro can be either a constant (for production
+** builds) or a function call (for debugging).  If it is a function call,
+** it allows the operator to set a breakpoint at the spot where database
+** corruption is first detected.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+  int sqlite3Corrupt(void);
+# define SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT sqlite3Corrupt()
+# define DEBUGONLY(X)        X
+#else
+# define SQLITE_CORRUPT_BKPT SQLITE_CORRUPT
+# define DEBUGONLY(X)
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Internal function prototypes
+*/
+int sqlite3StrICmp(const char *, const char *);
+int sqlite3StrNICmp(const char *, const char *, int);
+int sqlite3IsNumber(const char*, int*, u8);
+
+void *sqlite3MallocZero(unsigned);
+void *sqlite3DbMallocZero(sqlite3*, unsigned);
+void *sqlite3DbMallocRaw(sqlite3*, unsigned);
+char *sqlite3StrDup(const char*);
+char *sqlite3StrNDup(const char*, int);
+char *sqlite3DbStrDup(sqlite3*,const char*);
+char *sqlite3DbStrNDup(sqlite3*,const char*, int);
+void *sqlite3DbReallocOrFree(sqlite3 *, void *, int);
+void *sqlite3DbRealloc(sqlite3 *, void *, int);
+int sqlite3MallocSize(void *);
+
+int sqlite3IsNaN(double);
+
+char *sqlite3MPrintf(sqlite3*,const char*, ...);
+char *sqlite3VMPrintf(sqlite3*,const char*, va_list);
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_DEBUG)
+  void sqlite3DebugPrintf(const char*, ...);
+#endif
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST)
+  void *sqlite3TextToPtr(const char*);
+#endif
+void sqlite3SetString(char **, ...);
+void sqlite3ErrorMsg(Parse*, const char*, ...);
+void sqlite3ErrorClear(Parse*);
+void sqlite3Dequote(char*);
+void sqlite3DequoteExpr(sqlite3*, Expr*);
+int sqlite3KeywordCode(const unsigned char*, int);
+int sqlite3RunParser(Parse*, const char*, char **);
+void sqlite3FinishCoding(Parse*);
+int sqlite3GetTempReg(Parse*);
+void sqlite3ReleaseTempReg(Parse*,int);
+int sqlite3GetTempRange(Parse*,int);
+void sqlite3ReleaseTempRange(Parse*,int,int);
+Expr *sqlite3Expr(sqlite3*, int, Expr*, Expr*, const Token*);
+Expr *sqlite3PExpr(Parse*, int, Expr*, Expr*, const Token*);
+Expr *sqlite3RegisterExpr(Parse*,Token*);
+Expr *sqlite3ExprAnd(sqlite3*,Expr*, Expr*);
+void sqlite3ExprSpan(Expr*,Token*,Token*);
+Expr *sqlite3ExprFunction(Parse*,ExprList*, Token*);
+void sqlite3ExprAssignVarNumber(Parse*, Expr*);
+void sqlite3ExprDelete(Expr*);
+ExprList *sqlite3ExprListAppend(Parse*,ExprList*,Expr*,Token*);
+void sqlite3ExprListDelete(ExprList*);
+int sqlite3Init(sqlite3*, char**);
+int sqlite3InitCallback(void*, int, char**, char**);
+void sqlite3Pragma(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Token*,int);
+void sqlite3ResetInternalSchema(sqlite3*, int);
+void sqlite3BeginParse(Parse*,int);
+void sqlite3CommitInternalChanges(sqlite3*);
+Table *sqlite3ResultSetOfSelect(Parse*,char*,Select*);
+void sqlite3OpenMasterTable(Parse *, int);
+void sqlite3StartTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,int,int,int,int);
+void sqlite3AddColumn(Parse*,Token*);
+void sqlite3AddNotNull(Parse*, int);
+void sqlite3AddPrimaryKey(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int, int);
+void sqlite3AddCheckConstraint(Parse*, Expr*);
+void sqlite3AddColumnType(Parse*,Token*);
+void sqlite3AddDefaultValue(Parse*,Expr*);
+void sqlite3AddCollateType(Parse*, Token*);
+void sqlite3EndTable(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Select*);
+
+Bitvec *sqlite3BitvecCreate(u32);
+int sqlite3BitvecTest(Bitvec*, u32);
+int sqlite3BitvecSet(Bitvec*, u32);
+void sqlite3BitvecClear(Bitvec*, u32);
+void sqlite3BitvecDestroy(Bitvec*);
+int sqlite3BitvecBuiltinTest(int,int*);
+
+void sqlite3CreateView(Parse*,Token*,Token*,Token*,Select*,int,int);
+
+#if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIEW) || !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE)
+  int sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(Parse*,Table*);
+#else
+# define sqlite3ViewGetColumnNames(A,B) 0
+#endif
+
+void sqlite3DropTable(Parse*, SrcList*, int, int);
+void sqlite3DeleteTable(Table*);
+void sqlite3Insert(Parse*, SrcList*, ExprList*, Select*, IdList*, int);
+void *sqlite3ArrayAllocate(sqlite3*,void*,int,int,int*,int*,int*);
+IdList *sqlite3IdListAppend(sqlite3*, IdList*, Token*);
+int sqlite3IdListIndex(IdList*,const char*);
+SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppend(sqlite3*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*);
+SrcList *sqlite3SrcListAppendFromTerm(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*, Token*, Token*,
+                                      Select*, Expr*, IdList*);
+void sqlite3SrcListShiftJoinType(SrcList*);
+void sqlite3SrcListAssignCursors(Parse*, SrcList*);
+void sqlite3IdListDelete(IdList*);
+void sqlite3SrcListDelete(SrcList*);
+void sqlite3CreateIndex(Parse*,Token*,Token*,SrcList*,ExprList*,int,Token*,
+                        Token*, int, int);
+void sqlite3DropIndex(Parse*, SrcList*, int);
+int sqlite3Select(Parse*, Select*, SelectDest*, Select*, int, int*, char *aff);
+Select *sqlite3SelectNew(Parse*,ExprList*,SrcList*,Expr*,ExprList*,
+                         Expr*,ExprList*,int,Expr*,Expr*);
+void sqlite3SelectDelete(Select*);
+Table *sqlite3SrcListLookup(Parse*, SrcList*);
+int sqlite3IsReadOnly(Parse*, Table*, int);
+void sqlite3OpenTable(Parse*, int iCur, int iDb, Table*, int);
+void sqlite3DeleteFrom(Parse*, SrcList*, Expr*);
+void sqlite3Update(Parse*, SrcList*, ExprList*, Expr*, int);
+WhereInfo *sqlite3WhereBegin(Parse*, SrcList*, Expr*, ExprList**, u8);
+void sqlite3WhereEnd(WhereInfo*);
+int sqlite3ExprCodeGetColumn(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int, int);
+void sqlite3ExprCodeMove(Parse*, int, int);
+void sqlite3ExprClearColumnCache(Parse*, int);
+void sqlite3ExprCacheAffinityChange(Parse*, int, int);
+int sqlite3ExprWritableRegister(Parse*,int,int);
+void sqlite3ExprHardCopy(Parse*,int,int);
+int sqlite3ExprCode(Parse*, Expr*, int);
+int sqlite3ExprCodeTemp(Parse*, Expr*, int*);
+int sqlite3ExprCodeTarget(Parse*, Expr*, int);
+int sqlite3ExprCodeAndCache(Parse*, Expr*, int);
+void sqlite3ExprCodeConstants(Parse*, Expr*);
+int sqlite3ExprCodeExprList(Parse*, ExprList*, int, int);
+void sqlite3ExprIfTrue(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
+void sqlite3ExprIfFalse(Parse*, Expr*, int, int);
+Table *sqlite3FindTable(sqlite3*,const char*, const char*);
+Table *sqlite3LocateTable(Parse*,int isView,const char*, const char*);
+Index *sqlite3FindIndex(sqlite3*,const char*, const char*);
+void sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTable(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
+void sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteIndex(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
+void sqlite3Vacuum(Parse*);
+int sqlite3RunVacuum(char**, sqlite3*);
+char *sqlite3NameFromToken(sqlite3*, Token*);
+int sqlite3ExprCompare(Expr*, Expr*);
+int sqlite3ExprResolveNames(NameContext *, Expr *);
+void sqlite3ExprAnalyzeAggregates(NameContext*, Expr*);
+void sqlite3ExprAnalyzeAggList(NameContext*,ExprList*);
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+Vdbe *sqlite3GetVdbe(Parse*);
+#endif
+Expr *sqlite3CreateIdExpr(Parse *, const char*);
+void sqlite3PrngSaveState(void);
+void sqlite3PrngRestoreState(void);
+void sqlite3PrngResetState(void);
+void sqlite3RollbackAll(sqlite3*);
+void sqlite3CodeVerifySchema(Parse*, int);
+void sqlite3BeginTransaction(Parse*, int);
+void sqlite3CommitTransaction(Parse*);
+void sqlite3RollbackTransaction(Parse*);
+int sqlite3ExprIsConstant(Expr*);
+int sqlite3ExprIsConstantNotJoin(Expr*);
+int sqlite3ExprIsConstantOrFunction(Expr*);
+int sqlite3ExprIsInteger(Expr*, int*);
+int sqlite3IsRowid(const char*);
+void sqlite3GenerateRowDelete(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int);
+void sqlite3GenerateRowIndexDelete(Parse*, Table*, int, int*);
+int sqlite3GenerateIndexKey(Parse*, Index*, int, int, int);
+void sqlite3GenerateConstraintChecks(Parse*,Table*,int,int,
+                                     int*,int,int,int,int);
+void sqlite3CompleteInsertion(Parse*, Table*, int, int, int*,int,int,int,int);
+int sqlite3OpenTableAndIndices(Parse*, Table*, int, int);
+void sqlite3BeginWriteOperation(Parse*, int, int);
+Expr *sqlite3ExprDup(sqlite3*,Expr*);
+void sqlite3TokenCopy(sqlite3*,Token*, Token*);
+ExprList *sqlite3ExprListDup(sqlite3*,ExprList*);
+SrcList *sqlite3SrcListDup(sqlite3*,SrcList*);
+IdList *sqlite3IdListDup(sqlite3*,IdList*);
+Select *sqlite3SelectDup(sqlite3*,Select*);
+FuncDef *sqlite3FindFunction(sqlite3*,const char*,int,int,u8,int);
+void sqlite3RegisterBuiltinFunctions(sqlite3*);
+void sqlite3RegisterDateTimeFunctions(sqlite3*);
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+  int sqlite3SafetyOn(sqlite3*);
+  int sqlite3SafetyOff(sqlite3*);
+#else
+# define sqlite3SafetyOn(A) 0
+# define sqlite3SafetyOff(A) 0
+#endif
+int sqlite3SafetyCheckOk(sqlite3*);
+int sqlite3SafetyCheckSickOrOk(sqlite3*);
+void sqlite3ChangeCookie(Parse*, int);
+void sqlite3MaterializeView(Parse*, Select*, Expr*, int);
+
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRIGGER
+  void sqlite3BeginTrigger(Parse*, Token*,Token*,int,int,IdList*,SrcList*,
+                           Expr*,int, int);
+  void sqlite3FinishTrigger(Parse*, TriggerStep*, Token*);
+  void sqlite3DropTrigger(Parse*, SrcList*, int);
+  void sqlite3DropTriggerPtr(Parse*, Trigger*);
+  int sqlite3TriggersExist(Parse*, Table*, int, ExprList*);
+  int sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(Parse*, int, ExprList*, int, Table *, int, int, 
+                           int, int, u32*, u32*);
+  void sqliteViewTriggers(Parse*, Table*, Expr*, int, ExprList*);
+  void sqlite3DeleteTriggerStep(TriggerStep*);
+  TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerSelectStep(sqlite3*,Select*);
+  TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerInsertStep(sqlite3*,Token*, IdList*,
+                                        ExprList*,Select*,int);
+  TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerUpdateStep(sqlite3*,Token*,ExprList*, Expr*, int);
+  TriggerStep *sqlite3TriggerDeleteStep(sqlite3*,Token*, Expr*);
+  void sqlite3DeleteTrigger(Trigger*);
+  void sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTrigger(sqlite3*,int,const char*);
+#else
+# define sqlite3TriggersExist(A,B,C,D,E,F) 0
+# define sqlite3DeleteTrigger(A)
+# define sqlite3DropTriggerPtr(A,B)
+# define sqlite3UnlinkAndDeleteTrigger(A,B,C)
+# define sqlite3CodeRowTrigger(A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J,K) 0
+#endif
+
+int sqlite3JoinType(Parse*, Token*, Token*, Token*);
+void sqlite3CreateForeignKey(Parse*, ExprList*, Token*, ExprList*, int);
+void sqlite3DeferForeignKey(Parse*, int);
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_AUTHORIZATION
+  void sqlite3AuthRead(Parse*,Expr*,Schema*,SrcList*);
+  int sqlite3AuthCheck(Parse*,int, const char*, const char*, const char*);
+  void sqlite3AuthContextPush(Parse*, AuthContext*, const char*);
+  void sqlite3AuthContextPop(AuthContext*);
+#else
+# define sqlite3AuthRead(a,b,c,d)
+# define sqlite3AuthCheck(a,b,c,d,e)    SQLITE_OK
+# define sqlite3AuthContextPush(a,b,c)
+# define sqlite3AuthContextPop(a)  ((void)(a))
+#endif
+void sqlite3Attach(Parse*, Expr*, Expr*, Expr*);
+void sqlite3Detach(Parse*, Expr*);
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+int sqlite3BtreeFactory(const sqlite3 *db, const char *zFilename,
+                       int omitJournal, int nCache, int flags, Btree **ppBtree);
+#endif
+int sqlite3FixInit(DbFixer*, Parse*, int, const char*, const Token*);
+int sqlite3FixSrcList(DbFixer*, SrcList*);
+int sqlite3FixSelect(DbFixer*, Select*);
+int sqlite3FixExpr(DbFixer*, Expr*);
+int sqlite3FixExprList(DbFixer*, ExprList*);
+int sqlite3FixTriggerStep(DbFixer*, TriggerStep*);
+int sqlite3AtoF(const char *z, double*);
+char *sqlite3_snprintf(int,char*,const char*,...);
+int sqlite3GetInt32(const char *, int*);
+int sqlite3FitsIn64Bits(const char *, int);
+int sqlite3Utf16ByteLen(const void *pData, int nChar);
+int sqlite3Utf8CharLen(const char *pData, int nByte);
+int sqlite3Utf8Read(const u8*, const u8*, const u8**);
+
+/*
+** Routines to read and write variable-length integers.  These used to
+** be defined locally, but now we use the varint routines in the util.c
+** file.  Code should use the MACRO forms below, as the Varint32 versions
+** are coded to assume the single byte case is already handled (which 
+** the MACRO form does).
+*/
+int sqlite3PutVarint(unsigned char*, u64);
+int sqlite3PutVarint32(unsigned char*, u32);
+int sqlite3GetVarint(const unsigned char *, u64 *);
+int sqlite3GetVarint32(const unsigned char *, u32 *);
+int sqlite3VarintLen(u64 v);
+
+/*
+** The header of a record consists of a sequence variable-length integers.
+** These integers are almost always small and are encoded as a single byte.
+** The following macros take advantage this fact to provide a fast encode
+** and decode of the integers in a record header.  It is faster for the common
+** case where the integer is a single byte.  It is a little slower when the
+** integer is two or more bytes.  But overall it is faster.
+**
+** The following expressions are equivalent:
+**
+**     x = sqlite3GetVarint32( A, &B );
+**     x = sqlite3PutVarint32( A, B );
+**
+**     x = getVarint32( A, B );
+**     x = putVarint32( A, B );
+**
+*/
+#define getVarint32(A,B)  ((*(A)<(unsigned char)0x80) ? ((B) = (u32)*(A)),1 : sqlite3GetVarint32((A), &(B)))
+#define putVarint32(A,B)  (((B)<(u32)0x80) ? (*(A) = (unsigned char)(B)),1 : sqlite3PutVarint32((A), (B)))
+#define getVarint    sqlite3GetVarint
+#define putVarint    sqlite3PutVarint
+
+
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+void sqlite3IndexAffinityStr(Vdbe *, Index *);
+void sqlite3TableAffinityStr(Vdbe *, Table *);
+#endif
+char sqlite3CompareAffinity(Expr *pExpr, char aff2);
+int sqlite3IndexAffinityOk(Expr *pExpr, char idx_affinity);
+char sqlite3ExprAffinity(Expr *pExpr);
+int sqlite3Atoi64(const char*, i64*);
+void sqlite3Error(sqlite3*, int, const char*,...);
+void *sqlite3HexToBlob(sqlite3*, const char *z, int n);
+int sqlite3TwoPartName(Parse *, Token *, Token *, Token **);
+const char *sqlite3ErrStr(int);
+int sqlite3ReadSchema(Parse *pParse);
+CollSeq *sqlite3FindCollSeq(sqlite3*,u8 enc, const char *,int,int);
+CollSeq *sqlite3LocateCollSeq(Parse *pParse, const char *zName, int nName);
+CollSeq *sqlite3ExprCollSeq(Parse *pParse, Expr *pExpr);
+Expr *sqlite3ExprSetColl(Parse *pParse, Expr *, Token *);
+int sqlite3CheckCollSeq(Parse *, CollSeq *);
+int sqlite3CheckObjectName(Parse *, const char *);
+void sqlite3VdbeSetChanges(sqlite3 *, int);
+
+const void *sqlite3ValueText(sqlite3_value*, u8);
+int sqlite3ValueBytes(sqlite3_value*, u8);
+void sqlite3ValueSetStr(sqlite3_value*, int, const void *,u8, 
+                        void(*)(void*));
+void sqlite3ValueFree(sqlite3_value*);
+sqlite3_value *sqlite3ValueNew(sqlite3 *);
+char *sqlite3Utf16to8(sqlite3 *, const void*, int);
+int sqlite3ValueFromExpr(sqlite3 *, Expr *, u8, u8, sqlite3_value **);
+void sqlite3ValueApplyAffinity(sqlite3_value *, u8, u8);
+#ifndef SQLITE_AMALGAMATION
+extern const unsigned char sqlite3UpperToLower[];
+#endif
+void sqlite3RootPageMoved(Db*, int, int);
+void sqlite3Reindex(Parse*, Token*, Token*);
+void sqlite3AlterFunctions(sqlite3*);
+void sqlite3AlterRenameTable(Parse*, SrcList*, Token*);
+int sqlite3GetToken(const unsigned char *, int *);
+void sqlite3NestedParse(Parse*, const char*, ...);
+void sqlite3ExpirePreparedStatements(sqlite3*);
+void sqlite3CodeSubselect(Parse *, Expr *);
+int sqlite3SelectResolve(Parse *, Select *, NameContext *);
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+void sqlite3ColumnDefault(Vdbe *, Table *, int);
+#endif
+void sqlite3AlterFinishAddColumn(Parse *, Token *);
+void sqlite3AlterBeginAddColumn(Parse *, SrcList *);
+CollSeq *sqlite3GetCollSeq(sqlite3*, CollSeq *, const char *, int);
+char sqlite3AffinityType(const Token*);
+void sqlite3Analyze(Parse*, Token*, Token*);
+int sqlite3InvokeBusyHandler(BusyHandler*);
+int sqlite3FindDb(sqlite3*, Token*);
+int sqlite3AnalysisLoad(sqlite3*,int iDB);
+void sqlite3DefaultRowEst(Index*);
+void sqlite3RegisterLikeFunctions(sqlite3*, int);
+int sqlite3IsLikeFunction(sqlite3*,Expr*,int*,char*);
+void sqlite3AttachFunctions(sqlite3 *);
+void sqlite3MinimumFileFormat(Parse*, int, int);
+void sqlite3SchemaFree(void *);
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+Schema *sqlite3SchemaGet(sqlite3 *, Btree *);
+#endif
+int sqlite3SchemaToIndex(sqlite3 *db, Schema *);
+KeyInfo *sqlite3IndexKeyinfo(Parse *, Index *);
+int sqlite3CreateFunc(sqlite3 *, const char *, int, int, void *, 
+  void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **),
+  void (*)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value **), void (*)(sqlite3_context*));
+int sqlite3ApiExit(sqlite3 *db, int);
+int sqlite3OpenTempDatabase(Parse *);
+
+void sqlite3StrAccumAppend(StrAccum*,const char*,int);
+char *sqlite3StrAccumFinish(StrAccum*);
+void sqlite3StrAccumReset(StrAccum*);
+void sqlite3SelectDestInit(SelectDest*,int,int);
+
+/*
+** The interface to the LEMON-generated parser
+*/
+void *sqlite3ParserAlloc(void*(*)(size_t));
+void sqlite3ParserFree(void*, void(*)(void*));
+void sqlite3Parser(void*, int, Token, Parse*);
+
+int sqlite3AutoLoadExtensions(sqlite3*);
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_LOAD_EXTENSION
+  void sqlite3CloseExtensions(sqlite3*);
+#else
+# define sqlite3CloseExtensions(X)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
+  void sqlite3TableLock(Parse *, int, int, u8, const char *);
+#else
+  #define sqlite3TableLock(v,w,x,y,z)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_TEST
+  int sqlite3Utf8To8(unsigned char*);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
+#  define sqlite3VtabClear(X)
+#  define sqlite3VtabSync(X,Y) (Y)
+#  define sqlite3VtabRollback(X)
+#  define sqlite3VtabCommit(X)
+#else
+   void sqlite3VtabClear(Table*);
+   int sqlite3VtabSync(sqlite3 *db, int rc);
+   int sqlite3VtabRollback(sqlite3 *db);
+   int sqlite3VtabCommit(sqlite3 *db);
+#endif
+void sqlite3VtabMakeWritable(Parse*,Table*);
+void sqlite3VtabLock(sqlite3_vtab*);
+void sqlite3VtabUnlock(sqlite3*, sqlite3_vtab*);
+void sqlite3VtabBeginParse(Parse*, Token*, Token*, Token*);
+void sqlite3VtabFinishParse(Parse*, Token*);
+void sqlite3VtabArgInit(Parse*);
+void sqlite3VtabArgExtend(Parse*, Token*);
+int sqlite3VtabCallCreate(sqlite3*, int, const char *, char **);
+int sqlite3VtabCallConnect(Parse*, Table*);
+int sqlite3VtabCallDestroy(sqlite3*, int, const char *);
+int sqlite3VtabBegin(sqlite3 *, sqlite3_vtab *);
+FuncDef *sqlite3VtabOverloadFunction(sqlite3 *,FuncDef*, int nArg, Expr*);
+void sqlite3InvalidFunction(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**);
+#ifndef DB_SQL
+int sqlite3Reprepare(Vdbe*);
+#endif
+void sqlite3ExprListCheckLength(Parse*, ExprList*, const char*);
+CollSeq *sqlite3BinaryCompareCollSeq(Parse *, Expr *, Expr *);
+
+
+/*
+** Available fault injectors.  Should be numbered beginning with 0.
+*/
+#define SQLITE_FAULTINJECTOR_MALLOC     0
+#define SQLITE_FAULTINJECTOR_COUNT      1
+
+/*
+** The interface to the fault injector subsystem.  If the fault injector
+** mechanism is disabled at compile-time then set up macros so that no
+** unnecessary code is generated.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BUILTIN_TEST
+  void sqlite3FaultConfig(int,int,int);
+  int sqlite3FaultFailures(int);
+  int sqlite3FaultBenignFailures(int);
+  int sqlite3FaultPending(int);
+  void sqlite3FaultBeginBenign(int);
+  void sqlite3FaultEndBenign(int);
+  int sqlite3FaultStep(int);
+#else
+# define sqlite3FaultConfig(A,B,C)
+# define sqlite3FaultFailures(A)         0
+# define sqlite3FaultBenignFailures(A)   0
+# define sqlite3FaultPending(A)          (-1)
+# define sqlite3FaultBeginBenign(A)
+# define sqlite3FaultEndBenign(A)
+# define sqlite3FaultStep(A)             0
+#endif
+  
+  
+
+#define IN_INDEX_ROWID           1
+#define IN_INDEX_EPH             2
+#define IN_INDEX_INDEX           3
+int sqlite3FindInIndex(Parse *, Expr *, int);
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_ATOMIC_WRITE
+  int sqlite3JournalOpen(sqlite3_vfs *, const char *, sqlite3_file *, int, int);
+  int sqlite3JournalSize(sqlite3_vfs *);
+  int sqlite3JournalCreate(sqlite3_file *);
+#else
+  #define sqlite3JournalSize(pVfs) ((pVfs)->szOsFile)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH>0
+  void sqlite3ExprSetHeight(Expr *);
+  int sqlite3SelectExprHeight(Select *);
+#else
+  #define sqlite3ExprSetHeight(x)
+#endif
+
+u32 sqlite3Get4byte(const u8*);
+void sqlite3Put4byte(u8*, u32);
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_SSE
+#include "sseInt.h"
+#endif
+
+#ifdef SQLITE_DEBUG
+  void sqlite3ParserTrace(FILE*, char *);
+#endif
+
+/*
+** If the SQLITE_ENABLE IOTRACE exists then the global variable
+** sqlite3IoTrace is a pointer to a printf-like routine used to
+** print I/O tracing messages. 
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_IOTRACE
+# define IOTRACE(A)  if( sqlite3IoTrace ){ sqlite3IoTrace A; }
+  void sqlite3VdbeIOTraceSql(Vdbe*);
+SQLITE_EXTERN void (*sqlite3IoTrace)(const char*,...);
+#else
+# define IOTRACE(A)
+# define sqlite3VdbeIOTraceSql(X)
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+#ifdef DB_SQL
+#define sqlite3_malloc malloc
+#define sqlite3_free free
+#endif
diff --git a/db_sql/sqlite/sqliteLimit.h b/db_sql/sqlite/sqliteLimit.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2cd6fa5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/sqlite/sqliteLimit.h
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+/*
+** 2007 May 7
+**
+** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
+** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
+**
+**    May you do good and not evil.
+**    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
+**    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
+**
+*************************************************************************
+** 
+** This file defines various limits of what SQLite can process.
+**
+** @(#) $Id$
+*/
+
+/*
+** The maximum length of a TEXT or BLOB in bytes.   This also
+** limits the size of a row in a table or index.
+**
+** The hard limit is the ability of a 32-bit signed integer
+** to count the size: 2^31-1 or 2147483647.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH
+# define SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH 1000000000
+#endif
+
+/*
+** This is the maximum number of
+**
+**    * Columns in a table
+**    * Columns in an index
+**    * Columns in a view
+**    * Terms in the SET clause of an UPDATE statement
+**    * Terms in the result set of a SELECT statement
+**    * Terms in the GROUP BY or ORDER BY clauses of a SELECT statement.
+**    * Terms in the VALUES clause of an INSERT statement
+**
+** The hard upper limit here is 32676.  Most database people will
+** tell you that in a well-normalized database, you usually should
+** not have more than a dozen or so columns in any table.  And if
+** that is the case, there is no point in having more than a few
+** dozen values in any of the other situations described above.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_COLUMN
+# define SQLITE_MAX_COLUMN 2000
+#endif
+
+/*
+** The maximum length of a single SQL statement in bytes.
+**
+** It used to be the case that setting this value to zero would
+** turn the limit off.  That is no longer true.  It is not possible
+** to turn this limit off.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_SQL_LENGTH
+# define SQLITE_MAX_SQL_LENGTH 1000000000
+#endif
+
+/*
+** The maximum depth of an expression tree. This is limited to 
+** some extent by SQLITE_MAX_SQL_LENGTH. But sometime you might 
+** want to place more severe limits on the complexity of an 
+** expression.
+**
+** A value of 0 used to mean that the limit was not enforced.
+** But that is no longer true.  The limit is now strictly enforced
+** at all times.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH
+# define SQLITE_MAX_EXPR_DEPTH 1000
+#endif
+
+/*
+** The maximum number of terms in a compound SELECT statement.
+** The code generator for compound SELECT statements does one
+** level of recursion for each term.  A stack overflow can result
+** if the number of terms is too large.  In practice, most SQL
+** never has more than 3 or 4 terms.  Use a value of 0 to disable
+** any limit on the number of terms in a compount SELECT.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_COMPOUND_SELECT
+# define SQLITE_MAX_COMPOUND_SELECT 500
+#endif
+
+/*
+** The maximum number of opcodes in a VDBE program.
+** Not currently enforced.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_VDBE_OP
+# define SQLITE_MAX_VDBE_OP 25000
+#endif
+
+/*
+** The maximum number of arguments to an SQL function.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG
+# define SQLITE_MAX_FUNCTION_ARG 100
+#endif
+
+/*
+** The maximum number of in-memory pages to use for the main database
+** table and for temporary tables.  The SQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE
+# define SQLITE_DEFAULT_CACHE_SIZE  2000
+#endif
+#ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_TEMP_CACHE_SIZE
+# define SQLITE_DEFAULT_TEMP_CACHE_SIZE  500
+#endif
+
+/*
+** The maximum number of attached databases.  This must be between 0
+** and 30.  The upper bound on 30 is because a 32-bit integer bitmap
+** is used internally to track attached databases.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED
+# define SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED 10
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** The maximum value of a ?nnn wildcard that the parser will accept.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER
+# define SQLITE_MAX_VARIABLE_NUMBER 999
+#endif
+
+/* Maximum page size.  The upper bound on this value is 32768.  This a limit
+** imposed by the necessity of storing the value in a 2-byte unsigned integer
+** and the fact that the page size must be a power of 2.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE
+# define SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE 32768
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** The default size of a database page.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE
+# define SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE 1024
+#endif
+#if SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE>SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE
+# undef SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE
+# define SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Ordinarily, if no value is explicitly provided, SQLite creates databases
+** with page size SQLITE_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE. However, based on certain
+** device characteristics (sector-size and atomic write() support),
+** SQLite may choose a larger value. This constant is the maximum value
+** SQLite will choose on its own.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE
+# define SQLITE_MAX_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE 8192
+#endif
+#if SQLITE_MAX_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE>SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE
+# undef SQLITE_MAX_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE
+# define SQLITE_MAX_DEFAULT_PAGE_SIZE SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_SIZE
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Maximum number of pages in one database file.
+**
+** This is really just the default value for the max_page_count pragma.
+** This value can be lowered (or raised) at run-time using that the
+** max_page_count macro.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_COUNT
+# define SQLITE_MAX_PAGE_COUNT 1073741823
+#endif
+
+/*
+** Maximum length (in bytes) of the pattern in a LIKE or GLOB
+** operator.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_MAX_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH
+# define SQLITE_MAX_LIKE_PATTERN_LENGTH 50000
+#endif
diff --git a/db_sql/sqlite/sqlprintf.c b/db_sql/sqlite/sqlprintf.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6b1a23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/sqlite/sqlprintf.c
@@ -0,0 +1,912 @@
+/*
+** The "printf" code that follows dates from the 1980's.  It is in
+** the public domain.  The original comments are included here for
+** completeness.  They are very out-of-date but might be useful as
+** an historical reference.  Most of the "enhancements" have been backed
+** out so that the functionality is now the same as standard printf().
+**
+**************************************************************************
+**
+** The following modules is an enhanced replacement for the "printf" subroutines
+** found in the standard C library.  The following enhancements are
+** supported:
+**
+**      +  Additional functions.  The standard set of "printf" functions
+**         includes printf, fprintf, sprintf, vprintf, vfprintf, and
+**         vsprintf.  This module adds the following:
+**
+**           *  snprintf -- Works like sprintf, but has an extra argument
+**                          which is the size of the buffer written to.
+**
+**           *  mprintf --  Similar to sprintf.  Writes output to memory
+**                          obtained from malloc.
+**
+**           *  xprintf --  Calls a function to dispose of output.
+**
+**           *  nprintf --  No output, but returns the number of characters
+**                          that would have been output by printf.
+**
+**           *  A v- version (ex: vsnprintf) of every function is also
+**              supplied.
+**
+**      +  A few extensions to the formatting notation are supported:
+**
+**           *  The "=" flag (similar to "-") causes the output to be
+**              be centered in the appropriately sized field.
+**
+**           *  The %b field outputs an integer in binary notation.
+**
+**           *  The %c field now accepts a precision.  The character output
+**              is repeated by the number of times the precision specifies.
+**
+**           *  The %' field works like %c, but takes as its character the
+**              next character of the format string, instead of the next
+**              argument.  For example,  printf("%.78'-")  prints 78 minus
+**              signs, the same as  printf("%.78c",'-').
+**
+**      +  When compiled using GCC on a SPARC, this version of printf is
+**         faster than the library printf for SUN OS 4.1.
+**
+**      +  All functions are fully reentrant.
+**
+*/
+#include "sqliteInt.h"
+
+/*
+** Conversion types fall into various categories as defined by the
+** following enumeration.
+*/
+#define etRADIX       1 /* Integer types.  %d, %x, %o, and so forth */
+#define etFLOAT       2 /* Floating point.  %f */
+#define etEXP         3 /* Exponentional notation. %e and %E */
+#define etGENERIC     4 /* Floating or exponential, depending on exponent. %g */
+#define etSIZE        5 /* Return number of characters processed so far. %n */
+#define etSTRING      6 /* Strings. %s */
+#define etDYNSTRING   7 /* Dynamically allocated strings. %z */
+#define etPERCENT     8 /* Percent symbol. %% */
+#define etCHARX       9 /* Characters. %c */
+/* The rest are extensions, not normally found in printf() */
+#define etCHARLIT    10 /* Literal characters.  %' */
+#define etSQLESCAPE  11 /* Strings with '\'' doubled.  %q */
+#define etSQLESCAPE2 12 /* Strings with '\'' doubled and enclosed in '',
+                          NULL pointers replaced by SQL NULL.  %Q */
+#define etTOKEN      13 /* a pointer to a Token structure */
+#define etSRCLIST    14 /* a pointer to a SrcList */
+#define etPOINTER    15 /* The %p conversion */
+#define etSQLESCAPE3 16 /* %w -> Strings with '\"' doubled */
+#define etORDINAL    17 /* %r -> 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, etc.  English only */
+
+
+/*
+** An "etByte" is an 8-bit unsigned value.
+*/
+typedef unsigned char etByte;
+
+/*
+** Each builtin conversion character (ex: the 'd' in "%d") is described
+** by an instance of the following structure
+*/
+typedef struct et_info {   /* Information about each format field */
+  char fmttype;            /* The format field code letter */
+  etByte base;             /* The base for radix conversion */
+  etByte flags;            /* One or more of FLAG_ constants below */
+  etByte type;             /* Conversion paradigm */
+  etByte charset;          /* Offset into aDigits[] of the digits string */
+  etByte prefix;           /* Offset into aPrefix[] of the prefix string */
+} et_info;
+
+/*
+** Allowed values for et_info.flags
+*/
+#define FLAG_SIGNED  1     /* True if the value to convert is signed */
+#define FLAG_INTERN  2     /* True if for internal use only */
+#define FLAG_STRING  4     /* Allow infinity precision */
+
+
+/*
+** The following table is searched linearly, so it is good to put the
+** most frequently used conversion types first.
+*/
+static const char aDigits[] = "0123456789ABCDEF0123456789abcdef";
+static const char aPrefix[] = "-x0\000X0";
+static const et_info fmtinfo[] = {
+  {  'd', 10, 1, etRADIX,      0,  0 },
+  {  's',  0, 4, etSTRING,     0,  0 },
+  {  'g',  0, 1, etGENERIC,    30, 0 },
+  {  'z',  0, 4, etDYNSTRING,  0,  0 },
+  {  'q',  0, 4, etSQLESCAPE,  0,  0 },
+  {  'Q',  0, 4, etSQLESCAPE2, 0,  0 },
+  {  'w',  0, 4, etSQLESCAPE3, 0,  0 },
+  {  'c',  0, 0, etCHARX,      0,  0 },
+  {  'o',  8, 0, etRADIX,      0,  2 },
+  {  'u', 10, 0, etRADIX,      0,  0 },
+  {  'x', 16, 0, etRADIX,      16, 1 },
+  {  'X', 16, 0, etRADIX,      0,  4 },
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
+  {  'f',  0, 1, etFLOAT,      0,  0 },
+  {  'e',  0, 1, etEXP,        30, 0 },
+  {  'E',  0, 1, etEXP,        14, 0 },
+  {  'G',  0, 1, etGENERIC,    14, 0 },
+#endif
+  {  'i', 10, 1, etRADIX,      0,  0 },
+  {  'n',  0, 0, etSIZE,       0,  0 },
+  {  '%',  0, 0, etPERCENT,    0,  0 },
+  {  'p', 16, 0, etPOINTER,    0,  1 },
+  {  'T',  0, 2, etTOKEN,      0,  0 },
+  {  'S',  0, 2, etSRCLIST,    0,  0 },
+  {  'r', 10, 3, etORDINAL,    0,  0 },
+};
+#define etNINFO (int)(sizeof(fmtinfo)/sizeof(fmtinfo[0]))
+
+/*
+** If SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT is defined, then none of the floating point
+** conversions will work.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
+/*
+** "*val" is a double such that 0.1 <= *val < 10.0
+** Return the ascii code for the leading digit of *val, then
+** multiply "*val" by 10.0 to renormalize.
+**
+** Example:
+**     input:     *val = 3.14159
+**     output:    *val = 1.4159    function return = '3'
+**
+** The counter *cnt is incremented each time.  After counter exceeds
+** 16 (the number of significant digits in a 64-bit float) '0' is
+** always returned.
+*/
+static int et_getdigit(LONGDOUBLE_TYPE *val, int *cnt){
+  int digit;
+  LONGDOUBLE_TYPE d;
+  if( (*cnt)++ >= 16 ) return '0';
+  digit = (int)*val;
+  d = digit;
+  digit += '0';
+  *val = (*val - d)*10.0;
+  return digit;
+}
+#endif /* SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT */
+
+/*
+** Append N space characters to the given string buffer.
+*/
+static void appendSpace(StrAccum *pAccum, int N){
+  static const char zSpaces[] = "                             ";
+  while( N>=(int)sizeof(zSpaces)-1 ){
+    sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, zSpaces, sizeof(zSpaces)-1);
+    N -= sizeof(zSpaces)-1;
+  }
+  if( N>0 ){
+    sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, zSpaces, N);
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** On machines with a small stack size, you can redefine the
+** SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE to be less than 350.  But beware - for
+** smaller values some %f conversions may go into an infinite loop.
+*/
+#ifndef SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE
+# define SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE 350
+#endif
+#define etBUFSIZE SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE  /* Size of the output buffer */
+
+/*
+** The root program.  All variations call this core.
+**
+** INPUTS:
+**   func   This is a pointer to a function taking three arguments
+**            1. A pointer to anything.  Same as the "arg" parameter.
+**            2. A pointer to the list of characters to be output
+**               (Note, this list is NOT null terminated.)
+**            3. An integer number of characters to be output.
+**               (Note: This number might be zero.)
+**
+**   arg    This is the pointer to anything which will be passed as the
+**          first argument to "func".  Use it for whatever you like.
+**
+**   fmt    This is the format string, as in the usual print.
+**
+**   ap     This is a pointer to a list of arguments.  Same as in
+**          vfprint.
+**
+** OUTPUTS:
+**          The return value is the total number of characters sent to
+**          the function "func".  Returns -1 on a error.
+**
+** Note that the order in which automatic variables are declared below
+** seems to make a big difference in determining how fast this beast
+** will run.
+*/
+static void vxprintf(
+  StrAccum *pAccum,                  /* Accumulate results here */
+  int useExtended,                   /* Allow extended %-conversions */
+  const char *fmt,                   /* Format string */
+  va_list ap                         /* arguments */
+){
+  int c;                     /* Next character in the format string */
+  char *bufpt;               /* Pointer to the conversion buffer */
+  int precision;             /* Precision of the current field */
+  int length;                /* Length of the field */
+  int idx;                   /* A general purpose loop counter */
+  int width;                 /* Width of the current field */
+  etByte flag_leftjustify;   /* True if "-" flag is present */
+  etByte flag_plussign;      /* True if "+" flag is present */
+  etByte flag_blanksign;     /* True if " " flag is present */
+  etByte flag_alternateform; /* True if "#" flag is present */
+  etByte flag_altform2;      /* True if "!" flag is present */
+  etByte flag_zeropad;       /* True if field width constant starts with zero */
+  etByte flag_long;          /* True if "l" flag is present */
+  etByte flag_longlong;      /* True if the "ll" flag is present */
+  etByte done;               /* Loop termination flag */
+  sqlite_uint64 longvalue;   /* Value for integer types */
+  LONGDOUBLE_TYPE realvalue; /* Value for real types */
+  const et_info *infop;      /* Pointer to the appropriate info structure */
+  char buf[etBUFSIZE];       /* Conversion buffer */
+  char prefix;               /* Prefix character.  "+" or "-" or " " or '\0'. */
+  etByte errorflag = 0;      /* True if an error is encountered */
+  etByte xtype = 0;          /* Conversion paradigm */
+  char *zExtra;              /* Extra memory used for etTCLESCAPE conversions */
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
+  int  exp, e2;              /* exponent of real numbers */
+  double rounder;            /* Used for rounding floating point values */
+  etByte flag_dp;            /* True if decimal point should be shown */
+  etByte flag_rtz;           /* True if trailing zeros should be removed */
+  etByte flag_exp;           /* True to force display of the exponent */
+  int nsd;                   /* Number of significant digits returned */
+#endif
+
+  length = 0;
+  bufpt = 0;
+  for(; (c=(*fmt))!=0; ++fmt){
+    if( c!='%' ){
+      int amt;
+      bufpt = (char *)fmt;
+      amt = 1;
+      while( (c=(*++fmt))!='%' && c!=0 ) amt++;
+      sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, bufpt, amt);
+      if( c==0 ) break;
+    }
+    if( (c=(*++fmt))==0 ){
+      errorflag = 1;
+      sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, "%", 1);
+      break;
+    }
+    /* Find out what flags are present */
+    flag_leftjustify = flag_plussign = flag_blanksign = 
+     flag_alternateform = flag_altform2 = flag_zeropad = 0;
+    done = 0;
+    do{
+      switch( c ){
+        case '-':   flag_leftjustify = 1;     break;
+        case '+':   flag_plussign = 1;        break;
+        case ' ':   flag_blanksign = 1;       break;
+        case '#':   flag_alternateform = 1;   break;
+        case '!':   flag_altform2 = 1;        break;
+        case '0':   flag_zeropad = 1;         break;
+        default:    done = 1;                 break;
+      }
+    }while( !done && (c=(*++fmt))!=0 );
+    /* Get the field width */
+    width = 0;
+    if( c=='*' ){
+      width = va_arg(ap,int);
+      if( width<0 ){
+        flag_leftjustify = 1;
+        width = -width;
+      }
+      c = *++fmt;
+    }else{
+      while( c>='0' && c<='9' ){
+        width = width*10 + c - '0';
+        c = *++fmt;
+      }
+    }
+    if( width > etBUFSIZE-10 ){
+      width = etBUFSIZE-10;
+    }
+    /* Get the precision */
+    if( c=='.' ){
+      precision = 0;
+      c = *++fmt;
+      if( c=='*' ){
+        precision = va_arg(ap,int);
+        if( precision<0 ) precision = -precision;
+        c = *++fmt;
+      }else{
+        while( c>='0' && c<='9' ){
+          precision = precision*10 + c - '0';
+          c = *++fmt;
+        }
+      }
+    }else{
+      precision = -1;
+    }
+    /* Get the conversion type modifier */
+    if( c=='l' ){
+      flag_long = 1;
+      c = *++fmt;
+      if( c=='l' ){
+        flag_longlong = 1;
+        c = *++fmt;
+      }else{
+        flag_longlong = 0;
+      }
+    }else{
+      flag_long = flag_longlong = 0;
+    }
+    /* Fetch the info entry for the field */
+    infop = 0;
+    for(idx=0; idx<etNINFO; idx++){
+      if( c==fmtinfo[idx].fmttype ){
+        infop = &fmtinfo[idx];
+        if( useExtended || (infop->flags & FLAG_INTERN)==0 ){
+          xtype = infop->type;
+        }else{
+          return;
+        }
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    zExtra = 0;
+    if( infop==0 ){
+      return;
+    }
+
+
+    /* Limit the precision to prevent overflowing buf[] during conversion */
+    if( precision>etBUFSIZE-40 && (infop->flags & FLAG_STRING)==0 ){
+      precision = etBUFSIZE-40;
+    }
+
+    /*
+    ** At this point, variables are initialized as follows:
+    **
+    **   flag_alternateform          TRUE if a '#' is present.
+    **   flag_altform2               TRUE if a '!' is present.
+    **   flag_plussign               TRUE if a '+' is present.
+    **   flag_leftjustify            TRUE if a '-' is present or if the
+    **                               field width was negative.
+    **   flag_zeropad                TRUE if the width began with 0.
+    **   flag_long                   TRUE if the letter 'l' (ell) prefixed
+    **                               the conversion character.
+    **   flag_longlong               TRUE if the letter 'll' (ell ell) prefixed
+    **                               the conversion character.
+    **   flag_blanksign              TRUE if a ' ' is present.
+    **   width                       The specified field width.  This is
+    **                               always non-negative.  Zero is the default.
+    **   precision                   The specified precision.  The default
+    **                               is -1.
+    **   xtype                       The class of the conversion.
+    **   infop                       Pointer to the appropriate info struct.
+    */
+    switch( xtype ){
+      case etPOINTER:
+        flag_longlong = sizeof(char*)==sizeof(i64);
+        flag_long = sizeof(char*)==sizeof(long int);
+        /* Fall through into the next case */
+      case etORDINAL:
+      case etRADIX:
+        if( infop->flags & FLAG_SIGNED ){
+          i64 v;
+          if( flag_longlong )   v = va_arg(ap,i64);
+          else if( flag_long )  v = va_arg(ap,long int);
+          else                  v = va_arg(ap,int);
+          if( v<0 ){
+            longvalue = -v;
+            prefix = '-';
+          }else{
+            longvalue = v;
+            if( flag_plussign )        prefix = '+';
+            else if( flag_blanksign )  prefix = ' ';
+            else                       prefix = 0;
+          }
+        }else{
+          if( flag_longlong )   longvalue = va_arg(ap,u64);
+          else if( flag_long )  longvalue = va_arg(ap,unsigned long int);
+          else                  longvalue = va_arg(ap,unsigned int);
+          prefix = 0;
+        }
+        if( longvalue==0 ) flag_alternateform = 0;
+        if( flag_zeropad && precision<width-(prefix!=0) ){
+          precision = width-(prefix!=0);
+        }
+        bufpt = &buf[etBUFSIZE-1];
+        if( xtype==etORDINAL ){
+          static const char zOrd[] = "thstndrd";
+          int x = (int)(longvalue % 10);
+          if( x>=4 || (longvalue/10)%10==1 ){
+            x = 0;
+          }
+          buf[etBUFSIZE-3] = zOrd[x*2];
+          buf[etBUFSIZE-2] = zOrd[x*2+1];
+          bufpt -= 2;
+        }
+        {
+          register const char *cset;      /* Use registers for speed */
+          register int base;
+          cset = &aDigits[infop->charset];
+          base = infop->base;
+          do{                                           /* Convert to ascii */
+            *(--bufpt) = cset[longvalue%base];
+            longvalue = longvalue/base;
+          }while( longvalue>0 );
+        }
+        length = &buf[etBUFSIZE-1]-bufpt;
+        for(idx=precision-length; idx>0; idx--){
+          *(--bufpt) = '0';                             /* Zero pad */
+        }
+        if( prefix ) *(--bufpt) = prefix;               /* Add sign */
+        if( flag_alternateform && infop->prefix ){      /* Add "0" or "0x" */
+          const char *pre;
+          char x;
+          pre = &aPrefix[infop->prefix];
+          if( *bufpt!=pre[0] ){
+            for(; (x=(*pre))!=0; pre++) *(--bufpt) = x;
+          }
+        }
+        length = &buf[etBUFSIZE-1]-bufpt;
+        break;
+      case etFLOAT:
+      case etEXP:
+      case etGENERIC:
+        realvalue = va_arg(ap,double);
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
+        if( precision<0 ) precision = 6;         /* Set default precision */
+        if( precision>etBUFSIZE/2-10 ) precision = etBUFSIZE/2-10;
+        if( realvalue<0.0 ){
+          realvalue = -realvalue;
+          prefix = '-';
+        }else{
+          if( flag_plussign )          prefix = '+';
+          else if( flag_blanksign )    prefix = ' ';
+          else                         prefix = 0;
+        }
+        if( xtype==etGENERIC && precision>0 ) precision--;
+#if 0
+        /* Rounding works like BSD when the constant 0.4999 is used.  Wierd! */
+        for(idx=precision, rounder=0.4999; idx>0; idx--, rounder*=0.1);
+#else
+        /* It makes more sense to use 0.5 */
+        for(idx=precision, rounder=0.5; idx>0; idx--, rounder*=0.1){}
+#endif
+        if( xtype==etFLOAT ) realvalue += rounder;
+        /* Normalize realvalue to within 10.0 > realvalue >= 1.0 */
+        exp = 0;
+        if( sqlite3IsNaN(realvalue) ){
+          bufpt = "NaN";
+          length = 3;
+          break;
+        }
+        if( realvalue>0.0 ){
+          while( realvalue>=1e32 && exp<=350 ){ realvalue *= 1e-32; exp+=32; }
+          while( realvalue>=1e8 && exp<=350 ){ realvalue *= 1e-8; exp+=8; }
+          while( realvalue>=10.0 && exp<=350 ){ realvalue *= 0.1; exp++; }
+          while( realvalue<1e-8 && exp>=-350 ){ realvalue *= 1e8; exp-=8; }
+          while( realvalue<1.0 && exp>=-350 ){ realvalue *= 10.0; exp--; }
+          if( exp>350 || exp<-350 ){
+            if( prefix=='-' ){
+              bufpt = "-Inf";
+            }else if( prefix=='+' ){
+              bufpt = "+Inf";
+            }else{
+              bufpt = "Inf";
+            }
+            length = strlen(bufpt);
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+        bufpt = buf;
+        /*
+        ** If the field type is etGENERIC, then convert to either etEXP
+        ** or etFLOAT, as appropriate.
+        */
+        flag_exp = xtype==etEXP;
+        if( xtype!=etFLOAT ){
+          realvalue += rounder;
+          if( realvalue>=10.0 ){ realvalue *= 0.1; exp++; }
+        }
+        if( xtype==etGENERIC ){
+          flag_rtz = !flag_alternateform;
+          if( exp<-4 || exp>precision ){
+            xtype = etEXP;
+          }else{
+            precision = precision - exp;
+            xtype = etFLOAT;
+          }
+        }else{
+          flag_rtz = 0;
+        }
+        if( xtype==etEXP ){
+          e2 = 0;
+        }else{
+          e2 = exp;
+        }
+        nsd = 0;
+        flag_dp = (precision>0) | flag_alternateform | flag_altform2;
+        /* The sign in front of the number */
+        if( prefix ){
+          *(bufpt++) = prefix;
+        }
+        /* Digits prior to the decimal point */
+        if( e2<0 ){
+          *(bufpt++) = '0';
+        }else{
+          for(; e2>=0; e2--){
+            *(bufpt++) = et_getdigit(&realvalue,&nsd);
+          }
+        }
+        /* The decimal point */
+        if( flag_dp ){
+          *(bufpt++) = '.';
+        }
+        /* "0" digits after the decimal point but before the first
+        ** significant digit of the number */
+        for(e2++; e2<0 && precision>0; precision--, e2++){
+          *(bufpt++) = '0';
+        }
+        /* Significant digits after the decimal point */
+        while( (precision--)>0 ){
+          *(bufpt++) = et_getdigit(&realvalue,&nsd);
+        }
+        /* Remove trailing zeros and the "." if no digits follow the "." */
+        if( flag_rtz && flag_dp ){
+          while( bufpt[-1]=='0' ) *(--bufpt) = 0;
+          assert( bufpt>buf );
+          if( bufpt[-1]=='.' ){
+            if( flag_altform2 ){
+              *(bufpt++) = '0';
+            }else{
+              *(--bufpt) = 0;
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        /* Add the "eNNN" suffix */
+        if( flag_exp || (xtype==etEXP && exp) ){
+          *(bufpt++) = aDigits[infop->charset];
+          if( exp<0 ){
+            *(bufpt++) = '-'; exp = -exp;
+          }else{
+            *(bufpt++) = '+';
+          }
+          if( exp>=100 ){
+            *(bufpt++) = (exp/100)+'0';                /* 100's digit */
+            exp %= 100;
+          }
+          *(bufpt++) = exp/10+'0';                     /* 10's digit */
+          *(bufpt++) = exp%10+'0';                     /* 1's digit */
+        }
+        *bufpt = 0;
+
+        /* The converted number is in buf[] and zero terminated. Output it.
+        ** Note that the number is in the usual order, not reversed as with
+        ** integer conversions. */
+        length = bufpt-buf;
+        bufpt = buf;
+
+        /* Special case:  Add leading zeros if the flag_zeropad flag is
+        ** set and we are not left justified */
+        if( flag_zeropad && !flag_leftjustify && length < width){
+          int i;
+          int nPad = width - length;
+          for(i=width; i>=nPad; i--){
+            bufpt[i] = bufpt[i-nPad];
+          }
+          i = prefix!=0;
+          while( nPad-- ) bufpt[i++] = '0';
+          length = width;
+        }
+#endif
+        break;
+      case etSIZE:
+        *(va_arg(ap,int*)) = pAccum->nChar;
+        length = width = 0;
+        break;
+      case etPERCENT:
+        buf[0] = '%';
+        bufpt = buf;
+        length = 1;
+        break;
+      case etCHARLIT:
+      case etCHARX:
+        c = buf[0] = (xtype==etCHARX ? va_arg(ap,int) : *++fmt);
+        if( precision>=0 ){
+          for(idx=1; idx<precision; idx++) buf[idx] = c;
+          length = precision;
+        }else{
+          length =1;
+        }
+        bufpt = buf;
+        break;
+      case etSTRING:
+      case etDYNSTRING:
+        bufpt = va_arg(ap,char*);
+        if( bufpt==0 ){
+          bufpt = "";
+        }else if( xtype==etDYNSTRING ){
+          zExtra = bufpt;
+        }
+        if( precision>=0 ){
+          for(length=0; length<precision && bufpt[length]; length++){}
+        }else{
+          length = strlen(bufpt);
+        }
+        break;
+      case etSQLESCAPE:
+      case etSQLESCAPE2:
+      case etSQLESCAPE3: {
+        int i, j, n, ch, isnull;
+        int needQuote;
+        char q = ((xtype==etSQLESCAPE3)?'"':'\'');   /* Quote character */
+        char *escarg = va_arg(ap,char*);
+        isnull = escarg==0;
+        if( isnull ) escarg = (xtype==etSQLESCAPE2 ? "NULL" : "(NULL)");
+        for(i=n=0; (ch=escarg[i])!=0; i++){
+          if( ch==q )  n++;
+        }
+        needQuote = !isnull && xtype==etSQLESCAPE2;
+        n += i + 1 + needQuote*2;
+        if( n>etBUFSIZE ){
+          bufpt = zExtra = sqlite3_malloc( n );
+          if( bufpt==0 ) return;
+        }else{
+          bufpt = buf;
+        }
+        j = 0;
+        if( needQuote ) bufpt[j++] = q;
+        for(i=0; (ch=escarg[i])!=0; i++){
+          bufpt[j++] = ch;
+          if( ch==q ) bufpt[j++] = ch;
+        }
+        if( needQuote ) bufpt[j++] = q;
+        bufpt[j] = 0;
+        length = j;
+        /* The precision is ignored on %q and %Q */
+        /* if( precision>=0 && precision<length ) length = precision; */
+        break;
+      }
+      case etTOKEN: {
+        Token *pToken = va_arg(ap, Token*);
+        if( pToken && pToken->z ){
+          sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, (const char*)pToken->z, pToken->n);
+        }
+        length = width = 0;
+        break;
+      }
+      case etSRCLIST: {
+        SrcList *pSrc = va_arg(ap, SrcList*);
+        int k = va_arg(ap, int);
+        struct SrcList_item *pItem = &pSrc->a[k];
+        assert( k>=0 && k<pSrc->nSrc );
+        if( pItem->zDatabase && pItem->zDatabase[0] ){
+          sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, pItem->zDatabase, -1);
+          sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, ".", 1);
+        }
+        sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, pItem->zName, -1);
+        length = width = 0;
+        break;
+      }
+    }/* End switch over the format type */
+    /*
+    ** The text of the conversion is pointed to by "bufpt" and is
+    ** "length" characters long.  The field width is "width".  Do
+    ** the output.
+    */
+    if( !flag_leftjustify ){
+      register int nspace;
+      nspace = width-length;
+      if( nspace>0 ){
+        appendSpace(pAccum, nspace);
+      }
+    }
+    if( length>0 ){
+      sqlite3StrAccumAppend(pAccum, bufpt, length);
+    }
+    if( flag_leftjustify ){
+      register int nspace;
+      nspace = width-length;
+      if( nspace>0 ){
+        appendSpace(pAccum, nspace);
+      }
+    }
+    if( zExtra ){
+      sqlite3_free(zExtra);
+    }
+  }/* End for loop over the format string */
+} /* End of function */
+
+/*
+** Append N bytes of text from z to the StrAccum object.
+*/
+void sqlite3StrAccumAppend(StrAccum *p, const char *z, int N){
+  if( p->tooBig | p->mallocFailed ){
+    return;
+  }
+  if( N<0 ){
+    N = strlen(z);
+  }
+  if( N==0 ){
+    return;
+  }
+  if( p->nChar+N >= p->nAlloc ){
+    char *zNew;
+    if( !p->useMalloc ){
+      p->tooBig = 1;
+      N = p->nAlloc - p->nChar - 1;
+      if( N<=0 ){
+        return;
+      }
+    }else{
+      i64 szNew = p->nAlloc;
+      szNew += N + 1;
+      if( szNew > p->mxAlloc ){
+        p->nAlloc = p->mxAlloc;
+        if( ((i64)p->nChar)+((i64)N) >= p->nAlloc ){
+          sqlite3StrAccumReset(p);
+          p->tooBig = 1;
+          return;
+        }
+      }else{
+	  p->nAlloc = (int)szNew;
+      }
+      zNew = sqlite3_malloc( p->nAlloc );
+      if( zNew ){
+        memcpy(zNew, p->zText, p->nChar);
+        sqlite3StrAccumReset(p);
+        p->zText = zNew;
+      }else{
+        p->mallocFailed = 1;
+        sqlite3StrAccumReset(p);
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  memcpy(&p->zText[p->nChar], z, N);
+  p->nChar += N;
+}
+
+/*
+** Finish off a string by making sure it is zero-terminated.
+** Return a pointer to the resulting string.  Return a NULL
+** pointer if any kind of error was encountered.
+*/
+char *sqlite3StrAccumFinish(StrAccum *p){
+  if( p->zText ){
+    p->zText[p->nChar] = 0;
+    if( p->useMalloc && p->zText==p->zBase ){
+      p->zText = sqlite3_malloc( p->nChar+1 );
+      if( p->zText ){
+        memcpy(p->zText, p->zBase, p->nChar+1);
+      }else{
+        p->mallocFailed = 1;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return p->zText;
+}
+
+/*
+** Reset an StrAccum string.  Reclaim all malloced memory.
+*/
+void sqlite3StrAccumReset(StrAccum *p){
+  if( p->zText!=p->zBase ){
+    sqlite3_free(p->zText);
+    p->zText = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Initialize a string accumulator
+*/
+static void sqlite3StrAccumInit(StrAccum *p, char *zBase, int n, int mx){
+  p->zText = p->zBase = zBase;
+  p->nChar = 0;
+  p->nAlloc = n;
+  p->mxAlloc = mx;
+  p->useMalloc = 1;
+  p->tooBig = 0;
+  p->mallocFailed = 0;
+}
+
+/*
+** Print into memory obtained from sqliteMalloc().  Use the internal
+** %-conversion extensions.
+*/
+char *sqlite3VMPrintf(sqlite3 *db, const char *zFormat, va_list ap){
+  char *z;
+  char zBase[SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE];
+  StrAccum acc;
+  sqlite3StrAccumInit(&acc, zBase, sizeof(zBase),
+                      db ? db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_LENGTH] : SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH);
+  vxprintf(&acc, 1, zFormat, ap);
+  z = sqlite3StrAccumFinish(&acc);
+  if( acc.mallocFailed && db ){
+    db->mallocFailed = 1;
+  }
+  return z;
+}
+
+/*
+** Print into memory obtained from sqliteMalloc().  Use the internal
+** %-conversion extensions.
+*/
+char *sqlite3MPrintf(sqlite3 *db, const char *zFormat, ...){
+  va_list ap;
+  char *z;
+  va_start(ap, zFormat);
+  z = sqlite3VMPrintf(db, zFormat, ap);
+  va_end(ap);
+  return z;
+}
+
+/*
+** Print into memory obtained from sqlite3_malloc().  Omit the internal
+** %-conversion extensions.
+*/
+char *sqlite3_vmprintf(const char *zFormat, va_list ap){
+  char *z;
+  char zBase[SQLITE_PRINT_BUF_SIZE];
+  StrAccum acc;
+  sqlite3StrAccumInit(&acc, zBase, sizeof(zBase), SQLITE_MAX_LENGTH);
+  vxprintf(&acc, 0, zFormat, ap);
+  z = sqlite3StrAccumFinish(&acc);
+  return z;
+}
+
+/*
+** Print into memory obtained from sqlite3_malloc()().  Omit the internal
+** %-conversion extensions.
+*/
+char *sqlite3_mprintf(const char *zFormat, ...){
+  va_list ap;
+  char *z;
+  va_start(ap, zFormat);
+  z = sqlite3_vmprintf(zFormat, ap);
+  va_end(ap);
+  return z;
+}
+
+/*
+** sqlite3_snprintf() works like snprintf() except that it ignores the
+** current locale settings.  This is important for SQLite because we
+** are not able to use a "," as the decimal point in place of "." as
+** specified by some locales.
+*/
+char *sqlite3_snprintf(int n, char *zBuf, const char *zFormat, ...){
+  char *z;
+  va_list ap;
+  StrAccum acc;
+
+  if( n<=0 ){
+    return zBuf;
+  }
+  sqlite3StrAccumInit(&acc, zBuf, n, 0);
+  acc.useMalloc = 0;
+  va_start(ap,zFormat);
+  vxprintf(&acc, 0, zFormat, ap);
+  va_end(ap);
+  z = sqlite3StrAccumFinish(&acc);
+  return z;
+}
+
+#if defined(SQLITE_TEST) || defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(SQLITE_MEMDEBUG)
+/*
+** A version of printf() that understands %lld.  Used for debugging.
+** The printf() built into some versions of windows does not understand %lld
+** and segfaults if you give it a long long int.
+*/
+void sqlite3DebugPrintf(const char *zFormat, ...){
+  va_list ap;
+  StrAccum acc;
+  char zBuf[500];
+  sqlite3StrAccumInit(&acc, zBuf, sizeof(zBuf), 0);
+  acc.useMalloc = 0;
+  va_start(ap,zFormat);
+  vxprintf(&acc, 0, zFormat, ap);
+  va_end(ap);
+  sqlite3StrAccumFinish(&acc);
+  fprintf(stdout,"%s", zBuf);
+  fflush(stdout);
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/db_sql/tokenize.c b/db_sql/tokenize.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a5d24ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/tokenize.c
@@ -0,0 +1,453 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Most of this lexical analyzer code is taken directly from sqlite source.
+ */
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "db_sql.h"
+
+/*
+** The charMap() macro maps alphabetic characters into their
+** lower-case ASCII equivalent.  On ASCII machines, this is just
+** an upper-to-lower case map.  On EBCDIC machines we also need
+** to adjust the encoding.  Only alphabetic characters and underscores
+** need to be translated.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_ASCII
+# define charMap(X) sqlite3UpperToLower[(unsigned char)X]
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC
+# define charMap(X) ebcdicToAscii[(unsigned char)X]
+const unsigned char ebcdicToAscii[] = {
+/* 0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9   A   B   C   D   E   F */
+   0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 0x */
+   0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 1x */
+   0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 2x */
+   0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 3x */
+   0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 4x */
+   0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 5x */
+   0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, 95,  0,  0,  /* 6x */
+   0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 7x */
+   0, 97, 98, 99,100,101,102,103,104,105,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 8x */
+   0,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* 9x */
+   0,  0,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* Ax */
+   0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* Bx */
+   0, 97, 98, 99,100,101,102,103,104,105,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* Cx */
+   0,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* Dx */
+   0,  0,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* Ex */
+   0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  /* Fx */
+};
+#endif
+
+/*
+** The sqlite3KeywordCode function looks up an identifier to determine if
+** it is a keyword.  If it is a keyword, the token code of that keyword is 
+** returned.  If the input is not a keyword, TK_ID is returned.
+**
+** The implementation of this routine was generated by a program,
+** mkkeywordhash.h, located in the tool subdirectory of the distribution.
+** The output of the mkkeywordhash.c program is written into a file
+** named keywordhash.h and then included into this source file by
+** the #include below.
+*/
+#include "sqlite/keywordhash.h"
+
+
+/*
+** If X is a character that can be used in an identifier then
+** IdChar(X) will be true.  Otherwise it is false.
+**
+** For ASCII, any character with the high-order bit set is
+** allowed in an identifier.  For 7-bit characters, 
+** sqlite3IsIdChar[X] must be 1.
+**
+** For EBCDIC, the rules are more complex but have the same
+** end result.
+**
+** Ticket #1066.  the SQL standard does not allow '$' in the
+** middle of identfiers.  But many SQL implementations do. 
+** SQLite will allow '$' in identifiers for compatibility.
+** But the feature is undocumented.
+*/
+#ifdef SQLITE_ASCII
+const char sqlite3IsAsciiIdChar[] = {
+/* x0 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x7 x8 x9 xA xB xC xD xE xF */
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  /* 2x */
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  /* 3x */
+    0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  /* 4x */
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,  /* 5x */
+    0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  /* 6x */
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  /* 7x */
+};
+#define IdChar(C)  (((c=C)&0x80)!=0 || (c>0x1f && sqlite3IsAsciiIdChar[c-0x20]))
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC
+const char sqlite3IsEbcdicIdChar[] = {
+/* x0 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x7 x8 x9 xA xB xC xD xE xF */
+    0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  /* 4x */
+    0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,  /* 5x */
+    0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,  /* 6x */
+    0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  /* 7x */
+    0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0,  /* 8x */
+    0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0,  /* 9x */
+    1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0,  /* Ax */
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,  /* Bx */
+    0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  /* Cx */
+    0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  /* Dx */
+    0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,  /* Ex */
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,  /* Fx */
+};
+#define IdChar(C)  (((c=C)>=0x42 && sqlite3IsEbcdicIdChar[c-0x40]))
+#endif
+
+
+/*
+** Return the length of the token that begins at z[0]. 
+** Store the token type in *tokenType before returning.
+*/
+static int getToken(const unsigned char *z, int *tokenType){
+	int i, c;
+	switch( *z ){
+	case ' ': case '\t': case '\n': case '\f': case '\r': {
+		for(i=1; isspace(z[i]); i++){}
+		*tokenType = TK_SPACE;
+		return i;
+	}
+	case '-': {
+		if( z[1]=='-' ){
+			for(i=2; (c=z[i])!=0 && c!='\n'; i++){}
+			*tokenType = TK_COMMENT;
+			return i;
+		}
+		*tokenType = TK_MINUS;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	case '(': {
+		*tokenType = TK_LP;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	case ')': {
+		*tokenType = TK_RP;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	case ';': {
+		*tokenType = TK_SEMI;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	case '+': {
+		*tokenType = TK_PLUS;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	case '*': {
+		*tokenType = TK_STAR;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	case '/': {
+		if( z[1]!='*' || z[2]==0 ){
+			*tokenType = TK_SLASH;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		for(i=3, c=z[2]; (c!='*' || z[i]!='/') && (c=z[i])!=0; i++){}
+		if( c ) i++;
+		*tokenType = TK_COMMENT;
+		return i;
+	}
+	case '%': {
+		*tokenType = TK_REM;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	case '=': {
+		*tokenType = TK_EQ;
+		return 1 + (z[1]=='=');
+	}
+	case '<': {
+		if( (c=z[1])=='=' ){
+			*tokenType = TK_LE;
+			return 2;
+		}else if( c=='>' ){
+			*tokenType = TK_NE;
+			return 2;
+		}else if( c=='<' ){
+			*tokenType = TK_LSHIFT;
+			return 2;
+		}else{
+			*tokenType = TK_LT;
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	case '>': {
+		if( (c=z[1])=='=' ){
+			*tokenType = TK_GE;
+			return 2;
+		}else if( c=='>' ){
+			*tokenType = TK_RSHIFT;
+			return 2;
+		}else{
+			*tokenType = TK_GT;
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	case '!': {
+		if( z[1]!='=' ){
+			*tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
+			return 2;
+		}else{
+			*tokenType = TK_NE;
+			return 2;
+		}
+	}
+	case '|': {
+		if( z[1]!='|' ){
+			*tokenType = TK_BITOR;
+			return 1;
+		}else{
+			*tokenType = TK_CONCAT;
+			return 2;
+		}
+	}
+	case ',': {
+		*tokenType = TK_COMMA;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	case '&': {
+		*tokenType = TK_BITAND;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	case '~': {
+		*tokenType = TK_BITNOT;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	case '`':
+	case '\'':
+	case '"': {
+		int delim = z[0];
+		for(i=1; (c=z[i])!=0; i++){
+			if( c==delim ){
+				if( z[i+1]==delim ){
+					i++;
+				}else{
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if( c ){
+			*tokenType = TK_STRING;
+			return i+1;
+		}else{
+			*tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
+			return i;
+		}
+	}
+	case '.': {
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
+		if( !isdigit(z[1]) )
+#endif
+		{
+			*tokenType = TK_DOT;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		/* If the next character is a digit, this is a floating point
+		** number that begins with ".".  Fall thru into the next case */
+	}
+	case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
+	case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': {
+		*tokenType = TK_INTEGER;
+		for(i=0; isdigit(z[i]); i++){}
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
+		if( z[i]=='.' ){
+			i++;
+			while( isdigit(z[i]) ){ i++; }
+			*tokenType = TK_FLOAT;
+		}
+		if( (z[i]=='e' || z[i]=='E') &&
+		    ( isdigit(z[i+1]) 
+		      || ((z[i+1]=='+' || z[i+1]=='-') && isdigit(z[i+2]))
+			    )
+			){
+			i += 2;
+			while( isdigit(z[i]) ){ i++; }
+			*tokenType = TK_FLOAT;
+		}
+#endif
+		while( IdChar(z[i]) ){
+			*tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
+			i++;
+		}
+		return i;
+	}
+	case '[': {
+		for(i=1, c=z[0]; c!=']' && (c=z[i])!=0; i++){}
+		*tokenType = c==']' ? TK_ID : TK_ILLEGAL;
+		return i;
+	}
+	case '?': {
+		*tokenType = TK_VARIABLE;
+		for(i=1; isdigit(z[i]); i++){}
+		return i;
+	}
+	case '#': {
+		for(i=1; isdigit(z[i]); i++){}
+		if( i>1 ){
+			/* Parameters of the form #NNN (where NNN is a number) are used
+			** internally by sqlite3NestedParse.  */
+			*tokenType = TK_REGISTER;
+			return i;
+		}
+		/* Fall through into the next case if the '#' is not followed by
+		** a digit. Try to match #AAAA where AAAA is a parameter name. */
+	}
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TCL_VARIABLE
+	case '$':
+#endif
+	case '@':  /* For compatibility with MS SQL Server */
+	case ':': {
+		int n = 0;
+		*tokenType = TK_VARIABLE;
+		for(i=1; (c=z[i])!=0; i++){
+			if( IdChar(c) ){
+				n++;
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TCL_VARIABLE
+			}else if( c=='(' && n>0 ){
+				do{
+					i++;
+				}while( (c=z[i])!=0 && !isspace(c) && c!=')' );
+				if( c==')' ){
+					i++;
+				}else{
+					*tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
+				}
+				break;
+			}else if( c==':' && z[i+1]==':' ){
+				i++;
+#endif
+			}else{
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		if( n==0 ) *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
+		return i;
+	}
+#ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BLOB_LITERAL
+	case 'x': case 'X': {
+		if( z[1]=='\'' ){
+			*tokenType = TK_BLOB;
+			for(i=2; (c=z[i])!=0 && c!='\''; i++){
+				if( !isxdigit(c) ){
+					*tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
+				}
+			}
+			if( i%2 || !c ) *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
+			if( c ) i++;
+			return i;
+		}
+		/* Otherwise fall through to the next case */
+	}
+#endif
+	default: {
+		if( !IdChar(*z) ){
+			break;
+		}
+		for(i=1; IdChar(z[i]); i++){}
+		*tokenType = keywordCode((char*)z, i);
+		return i;
+	}
+	}
+	*tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static int
+bdb_run_parser(Parse *pParse, const char *zSql, char **pzErrMsg){
+	int nErr = 0;
+	int i;
+	void *pEngine;
+	int tokenType;
+	int lastTokenParsed = -1;
+	pParse->rc = SQLITE_OK;
+	pParse->zTail = pParse->zSql = zSql;
+	i = 0;
+	pEngine = sqlite3ParserAlloc((void*(*)(size_t))malloc);
+	if( pEngine==0 ){
+		return SQLITE_NOMEM;
+	}
+  
+	while(zSql[i]!=0 ){
+		assert( i>=0 );
+		pParse->sLastToken.z = (u8*)&zSql[i];
+		assert( pParse->sLastToken.dyn==0 );
+		pParse->sLastToken.n = getToken((unsigned char*)&zSql[i],&tokenType);
+		i += pParse->sLastToken.n;
+		if( i>SQLITE_MAX_SQL_LENGTH ){
+			pParse->rc = SQLITE_TOOBIG;
+			break;
+		}
+		switch( tokenType ) {
+		case TK_SPACE: {
+			break;
+		}
+		case TK_COMMENT: {
+			parse_hint_comment(&pParse->sLastToken);
+			break;
+		}
+		case TK_ILLEGAL: {
+			if( pzErrMsg ){
+				free(*pzErrMsg);
+				*pzErrMsg = sqlite3MPrintf(0, "unrecognized token: \"%T\"",
+							   &pParse->sLastToken);
+			}
+			nErr++;
+			goto abort_parse;
+		}
+		case TK_SEMI: {
+			pParse->zTail = &zSql[i];
+			/* Fall thru into the default case */
+		}
+		default: {
+			preparser(pEngine, tokenType, pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
+			lastTokenParsed = tokenType;
+			if( pParse->rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
+				goto abort_parse;
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		}
+	}
+abort_parse:
+	if( zSql[i]==0 && nErr==0 && pParse->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+		sqlite3Parser(pEngine, TK_SEMI, pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
+		pParse->zTail = &zSql[i];
+		sqlite3Parser(pEngine, 0, pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
+	}
+	sqlite3ParserFree(pEngine,free);
+	if( 0 ){
+		pParse->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
+	}
+	if( pParse->rc!=SQLITE_OK && pParse->rc!=SQLITE_DONE && pParse->zErrMsg==0 ){
+		setString(&pParse->zErrMsg, sqlite3ErrStr(pParse->rc), (char*)0);
+	}
+	if( pParse->zErrMsg ){
+		if( pzErrMsg && *pzErrMsg==0 ){
+			*pzErrMsg = pParse->zErrMsg;
+		}else{
+			free(pParse->zErrMsg);
+		}
+		pParse->zErrMsg = 0;
+		nErr++;
+	}
+	if( nErr>0 && (pParse->rc==SQLITE_OK || pParse->rc==SQLITE_DONE) ){
+		pParse->rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+	}
+	return nErr;
+}
+
+int do_parse(const char *zSql, char **pzErrMsg) {
+	Parse sParse;
+	memset(&sParse, 0, sizeof(sParse));
+	return bdb_run_parser(&sParse, zSql, pzErrMsg);
+}
diff --git a/db_sql/utils.c b/db_sql/utils.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d8dcb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/db_sql/utils.c
@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+/*
+ * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 1996-2009 Oracle.  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * These are general utility functions. All of them are derived
+ * from sqlite code.
+ */
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include "db_sql.h"
+
+/*
+** Create a string from the 2nd and subsequent arguments (up to the
+** first NULL argument), store the string in memory obtained from
+** malloc() and make the pointer indicated by the 1st argument
+** point to that string.  The 1st argument must either be NULL or 
+** point to memory obtained from malloc().
+*/
+void setString(char **pz, ...){
+  va_list ap;
+  size_t nByte;
+  const char *z;
+  char *zResult;
+
+  assert( pz!=0 );
+  nByte = 1;
+  va_start(ap, pz);
+  while( (z = va_arg(ap, const char*))!=0 ){
+    nByte += strlen(z);
+  }
+  va_end(ap);
+  free(*pz);
+  *pz = zResult = malloc(nByte);
+  if( zResult==0 ){
+    return;
+  }
+  *zResult = 0;
+  va_start(ap, pz);
+  while( (z = va_arg(ap, const char*))!=0 ){
+    size_t n = strlen(z);
+    memcpy(zResult, z, n);
+    zResult += n;
+  }
+  zResult[0] = 0;
+  va_end(ap);
+}
+
+/*
+** Return a static string that describes the kind of error specified in the
+** argument.
+*/
+const char *sqlite3ErrStr(int rc){
+  const char *z;
+  switch( rc & 0xff ){
+    case SQLITE_ROW:
+    case SQLITE_DONE:
+    case SQLITE_OK:         z = "not an error";                          break;
+    case SQLITE_ERROR:      z = "SQL logic error or missing database";   break;
+    case SQLITE_PERM:       z = "access permission denied";              break;
+    case SQLITE_ABORT:      z = "callback requested query abort";        break;
+    case SQLITE_BUSY:       z = "database is locked";                    break;
+    case SQLITE_LOCKED:     z = "database table is locked";              break;
+    case SQLITE_NOMEM:      z = "out of memory";                         break;
+    case SQLITE_READONLY:   z = "attempt to write a readonly database";  break;
+    case SQLITE_INTERRUPT:  z = "interrupted";                           break;
+    case SQLITE_IOERR:      z = "disk I/O error";                        break;
+    case SQLITE_CORRUPT:    z = "database disk image is malformed";      break;
+    case SQLITE_FULL:       z = "database or disk is full";              break;
+    case SQLITE_CANTOPEN:   z = "unable to open database file";          break;
+    case SQLITE_EMPTY:      z = "table contains no data";                break;
+    case SQLITE_SCHEMA:     z = "database schema has changed";           break;
+    case SQLITE_TOOBIG:     z = "String or BLOB exceeded size limit";    break;
+    case SQLITE_CONSTRAINT: z = "constraint failed";                     break;
+    case SQLITE_MISMATCH:   z = "datatype mismatch";                     break;
+    case SQLITE_MISUSE:     z = "library routine called out of sequence";break;
+    case SQLITE_NOLFS:      z = "large file support is disabled";        break;
+    case SQLITE_AUTH:       z = "authorization denied";                  break;
+    case SQLITE_FORMAT:     z = "auxiliary database format error";       break;
+    case SQLITE_RANGE:      z = "bind or column index out of range";     break;
+    case SQLITE_NOTADB:     z = "file is encrypted or is not a database";break;
+    default:                z = "unknown error";                         break;
+  }
+  return z;
+}
+
+/*
+** Add an error message to pParse->zErrMsg and increment pParse->nErr.
+** The following formatting characters are allowed:
+**
+**      %s      Insert a string
+**      %z      A string that should be freed after use
+**      %d      Insert an integer
+**      %T      Insert a token
+**      %S      Insert the first element of a SrcList
+**
+** This function should be used to report any error that occurs whilst
+** compiling an SQL statement (i.e. within sqlite3_prepare()). The
+** last thing the sqlite3_prepare() function does is copy the error
+** stored by this function into the database handle using sqlite3Error().
+** Function sqlite3Error() should be used during statement execution
+** (sqlite3_step() etc.).
+*/
+void sqlite3ErrorMsg(Parse *pParse, const char *zFormat, ...){
+  va_list ap;
+  pParse->nErr++;
+  free(pParse->zErrMsg);
+  va_start(ap, zFormat);
+  pParse->zErrMsg = sqlite3VMPrintf(pParse->db, zFormat, ap);
+  va_end(ap);
+  if( pParse->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
+    pParse->rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
+  }
+}
+
+/*
+** Convert an SQL-style quoted string into a normal string by removing
+** the quote characters.  The conversion is done in-place.  If the
+** input does not begin with a quote character, then this routine
+** is a no-op.
+**
+** 2002-Feb-14: This routine is extended to remove MS-Access style
+** brackets from around identifers.  For example:  "[a-b-c]" becomes
+** "a-b-c".
+*/
+void sqlite3Dequote(char *z){
+  int quote;
+  int i, j;
+  if( z==0 ) return;
+  quote = z[0];
+  switch( quote ){
+    case '\'':  break;
+    case '"':   break;
+    case '`':   break;                /* For MySQL compatibility */
+    case '[':   quote = ']';  break;  /* For MS SqlServer compatibility */
+    default:    return;
+  }
+  for(i=1, j=0; z[i]; i++){
+    if( z[i]==quote ){
+      if( z[i+1]==quote ){
+        z[j++] = quote;
+        i++;
+      }else{
+        z[j++] = 0;
+        break;
+      }
+    }else{
+      z[j++] = z[i];
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/* An array to map all upper-case characters into their corresponding
+** lower-case character. 
+*/
+const unsigned char sqlite3UpperToLower[] = {
+#ifdef SQLITE_ASCII
+      0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17,
+     18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35,
+     36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53,
+     54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 97, 98, 99,100,101,102,103,
+    104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,
+    122, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99,100,101,102,103,104,105,106,107,
+    108,109,110,111,112,113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122,123,124,125,
+    126,127,128,129,130,131,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141,142,143,
+    144,145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,158,159,160,161,
+    162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169,170,171,172,173,174,175,176,177,178,179,
+    180,181,182,183,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,191,192,193,194,195,196,197,
+    198,199,200,201,202,203,204,205,206,207,208,209,210,211,212,213,214,215,
+    216,217,218,219,220,221,222,223,224,225,226,227,228,229,230,231,232,233,
+    234,235,236,237,238,239,240,241,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,250,251,
+    252,253,254,255
+#endif
+#ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC
+      0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5,  6,  7,  8,  9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, /* 0x */
+     16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, /* 1x */
+     32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, /* 2x */
+     48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, /* 3x */
+     64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, /* 4x */
+     80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, /* 5x */
+     96, 97, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73,106,107,108,109,110,111, /* 6x */
+    112, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89,122,123,124,125,126,127, /* 7x */
+    128,129,130,131,132,133,134,135,136,137,138,139,140,141,142,143, /* 8x */
+    144,145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,153,154,155,156,157,156,159, /* 9x */
+    160,161,162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169,170,171,140,141,142,175, /* Ax */
+    176,177,178,179,180,181,182,183,184,185,186,187,188,189,190,191, /* Bx */
+    192,129,130,131,132,133,134,135,136,137,202,203,204,205,206,207, /* Cx */
+    208,145,146,147,148,149,150,151,152,153,218,219,220,221,222,223, /* Dx */
+    224,225,162,163,164,165,166,167,168,169,232,203,204,205,206,207, /* Ex */
+    239,240,241,242,243,244,245,246,247,248,249,219,220,221,222,255, /* Fx */
+#endif
+};
+#define UpperToLower sqlite3UpperToLower
+/*
+** Some systems have stricmp().  Others have strcasecmp().  Because
+** there is no consistency, we will define our own.
+*/
+int sqlite3StrICmp(const char *zLeft, const char *zRight){
+  register unsigned char *a, *b;
+  a = (unsigned char *)zLeft;
+  b = (unsigned char *)zRight;
+  while( *a!=0 && UpperToLower[*a]==UpperToLower[*b]){ a++; b++; }
+  return UpperToLower[*a] - UpperToLower[*b];
+}
+int sqlite3StrNICmp(const char *zLeft, const char *zRight, int N){
+  register unsigned char *a, *b;
+  a = (unsigned char *)zLeft;
+  b = (unsigned char *)zRight;
+  while( N-- > 0 && *a!=0 && UpperToLower[*a]==UpperToLower[*b]){ a++; b++; }
+  return N<0 ? 0 : UpperToLower[*a] - UpperToLower[*b];
+}
+/*
+** Return true if the floating point value is Not a Number.
+*/
+int sqlite3IsNaN(double x){
+  /* This NaN test sometimes fails if compiled on GCC with -ffast-math.
+  ** On the other hand, the use of -ffast-math comes with the following
+  ** warning:
+  **
+  **      This option [-ffast-math] should never be turned on by any
+  **      -O option since it can result in incorrect output for programs
+  **      which depend on an exact implementation of IEEE or ISO 
+  **      rules/specifications for math functions.
+  */
+  volatile double y = x;
+  return x!=y;
+}
+
+void *sqlite3DbMallocZero(sqlite3 *db, unsigned n){
+	COMPQUIET(db, NULL);
+	return calloc(n, 1);
+}