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+.TH LVM 8 "LVM TOOLS #VERSION#" "Sistina Software UK" \" -*- nroff -*-
+.SH NAME
+lvm \- LVM2 tools
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+.B lvm
+[command | file]
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+\fBlvm\fP provides the command-line tools for LVM2.  A separate
+manual page describes each command in detail.
+.LP
+If \fBlvm\fP is invoked with no arguments it presents a readline prompt
+(assuming it was compiled with readline support).
+LVM commands may be entered interactively at this prompt with 
+readline facilities including history and command name and option 
+completion.  Refer to \fBreadline\fP(3) for details.
+.LP
+If \fBlvm\fP is invoked with argv[0] set to the name of a specific
+LVM command (for example by using a hard or soft link) it acts as 
+that command.  
+.LP
+On invocation, \fBlvm\fP requires that only the standard file descriptors
+stdin, stdout and stderr are available.  If others are found, they
+get closed and messages are issued warning about the leak.
+.LP
+Where commands take VG or LV names as arguments, the full path name is
+optional.  An LV called "lvol0" in a VG called "vg0" can be specified
+as "vg0/lvol0".  Where a list of VGs is required but is left empty, 
+a list of all VGs will be substituted.  Where a list of LVs is required
+but a VG is given, a list of all the LVs in that VG will be substituted.
+So "lvdisplay vg0" will display all the LVs in "vg0".
+Tags can also be used - see \fBaddtag\fP below.
+.LP
+One advantage of using the built-in shell is that configuration 
+information gets cached internally between commands.  
+.LP
+A file containing a simple script with one command per line 
+can also be given on the command line.  The script can also be
+executed directly if the first line is #! followed by the absolute
+path of \fBlvm\fP.
+.SH BUILT-IN COMMANDS
+The following commands are built into lvm without links normally
+being created in the filesystem for them.
+.TP
+\fBdumpconfig\fP \(em Display the configuration information after 
+loading \fBlvm.conf\fP (5) and any other configuration files.
+.TP
+\fBformats\fP \(em Display recognised metadata formats.
+.TP
+\fBhelp\fP \(em Display the help text.
+.TP
+\fBpvdata\fP \(em Not implemented in LVM2.
+.TP
+\fBsegtypes\fP \(em Display recognised logical volume segment types.
+.TP
+\fBversion\fP \(em Display version information.
+.LP
+.SH COMMANDS
+The following commands implement the core LVM functionality.
+.TP
+\fBpvchange\fP \(em Change attributes of a physical volume.
+.TP
+\fBpvck\fP \(em Check physical volume metadata.
+.TP
+\fBpvcreate\fP \(em Initialize a disk or partition for use by LVM.
+.TP
+\fBpvdisplay\fP \(em Display attributes of a physical volume.
+.TP
+\fBpvmove\fP \(em Move physical extents.
+.TP
+\fBpvremove\fP \(em Remove a physical volume.
+.TP
+\fBpvresize\fP \(em Resize a disk or partition in use by LVM2.
+.TP
+\fBpvs\fP \(em Report information about physical volumes.
+.TP
+\fBpvscan\fP \(em Scan all disks for physical volumes.
+.TP
+\fBvgcfgbackup\fP \(em Backup volume group descriptor area.
+.TP
+\fBvgcfgrestore\fP \(em Restore volume group descriptor area.
+.TP
+\fBvgchange\fP \(em Change attributes of a volume group.
+.TP
+\fBvgck\fP \(em Check volume group metadata.
+.TP
+\fBvgconvert\fP \(em Convert volume group metadata format.
+.TP
+\fBvgcreate\fP \(em Create a volume group.
+.TP
+\fBvgdisplay\fP \(em Display attributes of volume groups.
+.TP
+\fBvgexport\fP \(em Make volume groups unknown to the system.
+.TP
+\fBvgextend\fP \(em Add physical volumes to a volume group.
+.TP
+\fBvgimport\fP \(em Make exported volume groups known to the system.
+.TP
+\fBvgimportclone\fP \(em Import and rename duplicated volume group (e.g. a hardware snapshot).
+.TP
+\fBvgmerge\fP \(em Merge two volume groups.
+.TP
+\fBvgmknodes\fP \(em Recreate volume group directory and logical volume special files
+.TP
+\fBvgreduce\fP \(em Reduce a volume group by removing one or more physical volumes.
+.TP
+\fBvgremove\fP \(em Remove a volume group.
+.TP
+\fBvgrename\fP \(em Rename a volume group.
+.TP
+\fBvgs\fP \(em Report information about volume groups.
+.TP
+\fBvgscan\fP \(em Scan all disks for volume groups and rebuild caches.
+.TP
+\fBvgsplit\fP \(em Split a volume group into two, moving any logical volumes from one volume group to another by moving entire physical volumes.
+.TP
+\fBlvchange\fP \(em Change attributes of a logical volume.
+.TP
+\fBlvconvert\fP \(em Convert a logical volume from linear to mirror or snapshot.
+.TP
+\fBlvcreate\fP \(em Create a logical volume in an existing volume group.
+.TP
+\fBlvdisplay\fP \(em Display attributes of a logical volume.
+.TP
+\fBlvextend\fP \(em Extend the size of a logical volume.
+.TP
+\fBlvmchange\fP \(em Change attributes of the logical volume manager.
+.TP
+\fBlvmdiskscan\fP \(em Scan for all devices visible to LVM2.
+.TP
+\fBlvmdump\fP \(em Create lvm2 information dumps for diagnostic purposes.
+.TP
+\fBlvreduce\fP \(em Reduce the size of a logical volume.
+.TP
+\fBlvremove\fP \(em Remove a logical volume.
+.TP
+\fBlvrename\fP \(em Rename a logical volume.
+.TP
+\fBlvresize\fP \(em Resize a logical volume.
+.TP
+\fBlvs\fP \(em Report information about logical volumes.
+.TP
+\fBlvscan\fP \(em Scan (all disks) for logical volumes.
+.TP
+The following commands are not implemented in LVM2 but might be in the future: lvmsadc, lvmsar, pvdata.
+.SH OPTIONS
+The following options are available for many of the commands. 
+They are implemented generically and documented here rather 
+than repeated on individual manual pages.
+.TP
+\fB-h | --help\fP \(em Display the help text.
+.TP
+\fB--version\fP \(em Display version information.
+.TP
+\fB-v | --verbose\fP \(em Set verbose level.
+Repeat from 1 to 3 times to increase the detail of messages 
+sent to stdout and stderr.  Overrides config file setting.
+.TP
+\fB-d | --debug\fP \(em Set debug level.
+Repeat from 1 to 6 times to increase the detail of messages sent 
+to the log file and/or syslog (if configured).
+Overrides config file setting.
+.TP
+\fB--quiet\fP \(em Suppress output and log messages.
+Overrides -d and -v.
+.TP
+\fB-t | --test\fP \(em Run in test mode.
+Commands will not update metadata.
+This is implemented by disabling all metadata writing but nevertheless
+returning success to the calling function.  This may lead to unusual
+error messages in multi-stage operations if a tool relies on reading
+back metadata it believes has changed but hasn't.
+.TP
+\fB--driverloaded\fP { \fBy\fP | \fBn\fP }
+Whether or not the device-mapper kernel driver is loaded.
+If you set this to \fBn\fP, no attempt will be made to contact the driver.
+.TP
+\fB-A | --autobackup\fP { \fBy\fP | \fBn\fP }
+Whether or not to metadata should be backed up automatically after a change.  
+You are strongly advised not to disable this!
+See
+.B vgcfgbackup (8).
+.TP
+\fB-P | --partial\fP
+When set, the tools will do their best to provide access to volume groups
+that are only partially available (one or more physical volumes belonging
+to the volume group are missing from the system).  Where part of a logical
+volume is missing, \fB/dev/ioerror\fP will be substituted, and you could use
+\fBdmsetup (8)\fP to set this up to return I/O errors when accessed,
+or create it as a large block device of nulls.  Metadata may not be
+changed with this option. To insert a replacement physical volume
+of the same or large size use \fBpvcreate -u\fP to set the uuid to 
+match the original followed by \fBvgcfgrestore (8)\fP.
+.TP
+\fB-M | --metadatatype type\fP
+Specifies which type of on-disk metadata to use, such as \fBlvm1\fP 
+or \fBlvm2\fP, which can be abbreviated to \fB1\fP or \fB2\fP respectively.
+The default (lvm2) can be changed by setting \fBformat\fP in the \fBglobal\fP
+section of the config file.
+.TP
+\fB--ignorelockingfailure\fP
+This lets you proceed with read-only metadata operations such as
+\fBlvchange -ay\fP and \fBvgchange -ay\fP even if the locking module fails.
+One use for this is in a system init script if the lock directory 
+is mounted read-only when the script runs.
+.TP
+\fB--addtag tag\fP
+Add the tag \fBtag\fP to a PV, VG or LV.  
+Supply this argument multiple times to add more than one tag at once.
+A tag is a word that can be used to group LVM2 objects of the same type 
+together. 
+Tags can be given on the command line in place of PV, VG or LV 
+arguments.  Tags should be prefixed with @ to avoid ambiguity.
+Each tag is expanded by replacing it with all objects possessing
+that tag which are of the type expected by its position on the command line.
+PVs can only possess tags while they are part of a Volume Group:
+PV tags are discarded if the PV is removed from the VG.
+As an example, you could tag some LVs as \fBdatabase\fP and others 
+as \fBuserdata\fP and then activate the database ones 
+with \fBlvchange -ay @database\fP.
+Objects can possess multiple tags simultaneously.
+Only the new LVM2 metadata format supports tagging: objects using the
+LVM1 metadata format cannot be tagged because the on-disk format does not
+support it.
+Snapshots cannot be tagged.
+Characters allowed in tags are: A-Z a-z 0-9 _ + . - and 
+as of version 2.02.78 the following characters are also
+accepted: / = ! : # &
+.TP
+\fB--deltag tag\fP
+Delete the tag \fBtag\fP from a PV, VG or LV, if it's present.
+Supply this argument multiple times to remove more than one tag at once.
+.TP
+\fB--alloc AllocationPolicy\fP
+The allocation policy to use: \fBcontiguous\fP, \fBcling\fP, \fBnormal\fP, \fBanywhere\fP or \fBinherit\fP.
+When a command needs to allocate physical extents from the volume group,
+the allocation policy controls how they are chosen.  
+Each volume group and logical volume has an allocation policy.
+The default for a volume group is \fBnormal\fP which applies
+common-sense rules such as not placing parallel stripes on the same
+physical volume.  The default for a logical volume is \fBinherit\fP
+which applies the same policy as for the volume group.  These policies can
+be changed using \fBlvchange\fP (8) and \fBvgchange\fP (8) or over-ridden
+on the command line of any command that performs allocation.
+The \fBcontiguous\fP policy requires that new extents be placed adjacent
+to existing extents. 
+The \fBcling\fP policy places new extents on the same physical
+volume as existing extents in the same stripe of the Logical Volume.
+If there are sufficient free extents to satisfy
+an allocation request but \fBnormal\fP doesn't use them,
+\fBanywhere\fP will - even if that reduces performance by
+placing two stripes on the same physical volume.
+.IP
+N.B. The policies described above are not implemented fully yet.
+In particular, contiguous free space cannot be broken up to
+satisfy allocation attempts.
+.SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
+.TP
+\fBLVM_SYSTEM_DIR\fP 
+Directory containing lvm.conf and other LVM
+system files.
+Defaults to "#DEFAULT_SYS_DIR#".
+.TP
+\fBHOME\fP 
+Directory containing .lvm_history if the internal readline shell
+is invoked.
+.TP
+\fBLVM_VG_NAME\fP 
+The volume group name that is assumed for 
+any reference to a logical volume that doesn't specify a path.
+Not set by default.
+.SH VALID NAMES
+The following characters are valid for VG and LV names:
+\fBa-z A-Z 0-9 + _ . -\fP
+.LP
+VG and LV names cannot begin with a hyphen.
+There are also various reserved names that are used internally by lvm that can not be used as LV or VG names.
+A VG cannot be called anything that exists in /dev/ at the time of creation, nor can it be called '.' or '..'.
+A LV cannot be called '.' '..' 'snapshot' or 'pvmove'. The LV name may also not contain the strings '_mlog' or '_mimage'
+
+
+.SH DIAGNOSTICS
+All tools return a status code of zero on success or non-zero on failure.
+.SH FILES
+.I #DEFAULT_SYS_DIR#/lvm.conf
+.br
+.I $HOME/.lvm_history
+.SH SEE ALSO
+.BR clvmd (8),
+.BR lvchange (8),
+.BR lvcreate (8),
+.BR lvdisplay (8),
+.BR lvextend (8),
+.BR lvmchange (8),
+.BR lvmdiskscan (8),
+.BR lvreduce (8),
+.BR lvremove (8),
+.BR lvrename (8),
+.BR lvresize (8),
+.BR lvs (8),
+.BR lvscan (8),
+.BR pvchange (8),
+.BR pvck (8),
+.BR pvcreate (8),
+.BR pvdisplay (8),
+.BR pvmove (8),
+.BR pvremove (8),
+.BR pvs (8),
+.BR pvscan (8),
+.BR vgcfgbackup (8),
+.BR vgchange  (8),
+.BR vgck (8),
+.BR vgconvert (8),
+.BR vgcreate (8),
+.BR vgdisplay (8),
+.BR vgextend (8),
+.BR vgimport (8),
+.BR vgimportclone (8),
+.BR vgmerge (8),
+.BR vgmknodes (8),
+.BR vgreduce (8),
+.BR vgremove (8),
+.BR vgrename (8),
+.BR vgs (8),
+.BR vgscan (8),
+.BR vgsplit (8),
+.BR readline (3),
+.BR lvm.conf (5)
+