1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374
3375
3376
3377
3378
3379
3380
3381
3382
3383
3384
3385
3386
3387
3388
3389
3390
3391
3392
3393
3394
3395
3396
3397
3398
3399
3400
3401
3402
3403
3404
3405
3406
3407
3408
3409
3410
3411
3412
3413
3414
3415
3416
3417
3418
3419
3420
3421
3422
3423
3424
3425
3426
3427
3428
3429
3430
3431
3432
3433
3434
3435
3436
3437
3438
3439
3440
3441
3442
3443
3444
3445
3446
3447
3448
3449
3450
3451
3452
3453
3454
3455
3456
3457
3458
3459
3460
3461
3462
3463
3464
3465
3466
3467
3468
3469
3470
3471
3472
3473
3474
3475
3476
3477
3478
3479
3480
3481
3482
3483
3484
3485
3486
3487
3488
3489
3490
3491
3492
3493
3494
3495
3496
3497
3498
3499
3500
3501
3502
3503
3504
3505
3506
3507
3508
3509
3510
3511
3512
3513
3514
3515
3516
3517
3518
3519
3520
3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540
3541
3542
3543
3544
3545
3546
3547
3548
3549
3550
3551
3552
3553
3554
3555
3556
3557
3558
3559
3560
3561
3562
3563
3564
3565
3566
3567
3568
3569
3570
3571
3572
3573
3574
3575
3576
3577
3578
3579
3580
3581
3582
3583
3584
3585
3586
3587
3588
3589
3590
3591
3592
3593
3594
3595
3596
3597
3598
3599
3600
3601
3602
3603
3604
3605
3606
3607
3608
3609
3610
3611
3612
3613
3614
3615
3616
3617
3618
3619
3620
3621
3622
3623
3624
3625
3626
3627
3628
3629
3630
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3636
3637
3638
3639
3640
3641
3642
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3649
3650
3651
3652
3653
3654
3655
3656
3657
3658
3659
3660
3661
3662
3663
3664
3665
3666
3667
3668
3669
3670
3671
3672
3673
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3680
3681
3682
3683
3684
3685
3686
3687
3688
3689
3690
3691
3692
3693
3694
3695
3696
3697
3698
3699
3700
3701
3702
3703
3704
3705
3706
3707
3708
3709
3710
3711
3712
3713
3714
3715
3716
3717
3718
3719
3720
3721
3722
3723
3724
3725
3726
3727
3728
3729
3730
3731
3732
3733
3734
3735
3736
3737
3738
3739
3740
3741
3742
3743
3744
3745
3746
3747
3748
3749
3750
3751
3752
3753
3754
3755
3756
3757
3758
3759
3760
3761
3762
3763
3764
3765
3766
3767
3768
3769
3770
3771
3772
3773
3774
3775
3776
3777
3778
3779
3780
3781
3782
3783
3784
3785
3786
3787
3788
3789
3790
3791
3792
3793
3794
3795
3796
3797
3798
3799
3800
3801
3802
3803
3804
3805
3806
3807
3808
3809
3810
3811
3812
3813
3814
3815
3816
3817
3818
3819
3820
3821
3822
3823
3824
3825
3826
3827
3828
3829
3830
3831
3832
3833
3834
3835
3836
3837
3838
3839
3840
3841
3842
3843
3844
3845
3846
3847
3848
3849
3850
3851
3852
3853
3854
3855
3856
3857
3858
3859
3860
3861
3862
3863
3864
3865
3866
3867
3868
3869
3870
3871
3872
3873
3874
3875
3876
3877
3878
3879
3880
3881
3882
3883
3884
3885
3886
3887
3888
3889
3890
3891
3892
3893
3894
3895
3896
3897
3898
3899
3900
3901
3902
3903
3904
3905
3906
3907
3908
3909
3910
3911
3912
3913
3914
3915
3916
3917
3918
3919
3920
3921
3922
3923
3924
3925
3926
3927
3928
3929
3930
3931
3932
3933
3934
3935
3936
3937
3938
3939
3940
3941
3942
3943
3944
3945
3946
3947
3948
3949
3950
3951
3952
3953
3954
3955
3956
3957
3958
3959
3960
3961
3962
3963
3964
3965
3966
3967
3968
3969
3970
3971
3972
3973
3974
3975
3976
3977
3978
3979
3980
3981
3982
3983
3984
3985
3986
3987
3988
3989
3990
3991
3992
3993
3994
3995
3996
3997
3998
3999
4000
4001
4002
4003
4004
4005
4006
4007
4008
4009
4010
4011
4012
4013
4014
4015
4016
4017
4018
4019
4020
4021
4022
4023
4024
4025
4026
4027
4028
4029
4030
4031
4032
4033
4034
4035
4036
4037
4038
4039
4040
4041
4042
4043
4044
4045
4046
4047
4048
4049
4050
4051
4052
4053
4054
4055
4056
4057
4058
4059
4060
4061
4062
4063
4064
4065
4066
4067
4068
4069
4070
4071
4072
4073
4074
4075
4076
4077
4078
4079
4080
4081
4082
4083
4084
4085
4086
4087
4088
4089
4090
4091
4092
4093
4094
4095
4096
4097
4098
4099
4100
4101
4102
4103
4104
4105
4106
4107
4108
4109
4110
4111
4112
4113
4114
4115
4116
4117
4118
4119
4120
4121
4122
4123
4124
4125
4126
4127
4128
4129
4130
4131
4132
4133
4134
4135
4136
4137
4138
4139
4140
4141
4142
4143
4144
4145
4146
4147
4148
4149
4150
4151
4152
4153
4154
4155
4156
4157
4158
4159
4160
4161
4162
4163
4164
4165
4166
4167
4168
4169
4170
4171
4172
4173
4174
4175
4176
4177
4178
4179
4180
4181
4182
4183
4184
4185
4186
4187
4188
4189
4190
4191
4192
4193
4194
4195
4196
4197
4198
4199
4200
4201
4202
4203
4204
4205
4206
4207
4208
4209
4210
4211
4212
4213
4214
4215
4216
4217
4218
4219
4220
4221
4222
4223
4224
4225
4226
4227
4228
4229
4230
4231
4232
4233
4234
4235
4236
4237
4238
4239
4240
4241
4242
4243
4244
4245
4246
4247
4248
4249
4250
4251
4252
4253
4254
4255
4256
4257
4258
4259
4260
4261
4262
4263
4264
4265
4266
4267
4268
4269
4270
4271
4272
4273
4274
4275
4276
4277
4278
4279
4280
4281
4282
4283
4284
4285
4286
4287
4288
4289
4290
4291
4292
4293
4294
4295
4296
4297
4298
4299
4300
4301
4302
4303
4304
4305
4306
4307
4308
4309
4310
4311
4312
4313
4314
4315
4316
4317
4318
4319
4320
4321
4322
4323
4324
4325
4326
4327
4328
4329
4330
4331
4332
4333
4334
4335
4336
4337
4338
4339
4340
4341
4342
4343
4344
4345
4346
4347
4348
4349
4350
4351
4352
4353
4354
4355
4356
4357
4358
4359
4360
4361
4362
4363
4364
4365
4366
4367
4368
4369
4370
4371
4372
4373
4374
4375
4376
4377
4378
4379
4380
4381
4382
4383
4384
4385
4386
4387
4388
4389
4390
4391
4392
4393
4394
4395
4396
4397
4398
4399
4400
4401
4402
4403
4404
4405
4406
4407
4408
4409
4410
4411
4412
4413
4414
4415
4416
4417
4418
4419
4420
4421
4422
4423
4424
4425
4426
4427
4428
4429
4430
4431
4432
4433
4434
4435
4436
4437
4438
4439
4440
4441
4442
4443
4444
4445
4446
4447
4448
4449
4450
4451
4452
4453
4454
4455
4456
4457
4458
4459
4460
4461
4462
4463
4464
4465
4466
4467
4468
4469
4470
4471
4472
4473
4474
4475
4476
4477
4478
4479
4480
4481
4482
4483
4484
4485
4486
4487
4488
4489
4490
4491
4492
4493
4494
4495
4496
4497
4498
4499
4500
4501
4502
4503
4504
4505
4506
4507
4508
4509
4510
4511
4512
4513
4514
4515
4516
4517
4518
4519
4520
4521
4522
4523
4524
4525
4526
4527
4528
4529
4530
4531
4532
4533
4534
4535
4536
4537
4538
4539
4540
4541
4542
4543
4544
4545
4546
4547
4548
4549
4550
4551
4552
4553
4554
4555
4556
4557
4558
4559
4560
4561
4562
4563
4564
4565
4566
4567
4568
4569
4570
4571
4572
4573
4574
4575
4576
4577
4578
4579
4580
4581
4582
4583
4584
4585
4586
4587
4588
4589
4590
4591
4592
4593
4594
4595
4596
4597
4598
4599
4600
4601
4602
4603
4604
4605
4606
4607
4608
4609
4610
4611
4612
4613
4614
4615
4616
4617
4618
4619
4620
4621
4622
4623
4624
4625
4626
4627
4628
4629
4630
4631
4632
4633
4634
4635
4636
4637
4638
4639
4640
4641
4642
4643
4644
4645
4646
4647
4648
4649
4650
4651
4652
4653
4654
4655
4656
4657
4658
4659
4660
4661
4662
4663
4664
4665
4666
4667
4668
4669
4670
4671
4672
4673
4674
4675
4676
4677
4678
4679
4680
4681
4682
4683
4684
4685
4686
4687
4688
4689
4690
4691
4692
4693
4694
4695
4696
4697
4698
4699
4700
4701
4702
4703
4704
4705
4706
4707
4708
4709
4710
4711
4712
4713
4714
4715
4716
4717
4718
4719
4720
4721
4722
4723
4724
4725
4726
4727
4728
4729
4730
4731
4732
4733
4734
4735
4736
4737
4738
4739
4740
4741
4742
4743
4744
4745
4746
4747
4748
4749
4750
4751
4752
4753
4754
4755
4756
4757
4758
4759
4760
4761
4762
4763
4764
4765
4766
4767
4768
4769
4770
4771
4772
4773
4774
4775
4776
4777
4778
4779
4780
4781
4782
4783
4784
4785
4786
4787
4788
4789
4790
4791
4792
4793
4794
4795
4796
4797
4798
4799
4800
4801
4802
4803
4804
4805
4806
4807
4808
4809
4810
4811
4812
4813
4814
4815
4816
4817
4818
4819
4820
4821
4822
4823
4824
4825
4826
4827
4828
4829
4830
4831
4832
4833
4834
4835
4836
4837
4838
4839
4840
4841
4842
4843
4844
4845
4846
4847
4848
4849
4850
4851
4852
4853
4854
4855
4856
4857
4858
4859
4860
4861
4862
4863
4864
4865
4866
4867
4868
4869
4870
4871
4872
4873
4874
4875
4876
4877
4878
4879
4880
4881
4882
4883
4884
4885
4886
4887
4888
4889
4890
4891
4892
4893
4894
4895
4896
4897
4898
4899
4900
4901
4902
4903
4904
4905
4906
4907
4908
4909
4910
4911
4912
4913
4914
4915
4916
4917
4918
4919
4920
4921
4922
4923
4924
4925
4926
4927
4928
4929
4930
4931
4932
4933
4934
4935
4936
4937
4938
4939
4940
4941
4942
4943
4944
4945
4946
4947
4948
4949
4950
4951
4952
4953
4954
4955
4956
4957
4958
4959
4960
4961
4962
4963
4964
4965
4966
4967
4968
4969
4970
4971
4972
4973
4974
4975
4976
4977
4978
4979
4980
4981
4982
4983
4984
4985
4986
4987
4988
4989
4990
4991
4992
4993
4994
4995
4996
4997
4998
4999
5000
5001
5002
5003
5004
5005
5006
5007
5008
5009
5010
5011
5012
5013
5014
5015
5016
5017
5018
5019
5020
5021
5022
5023
5024
5025
5026
5027
5028
5029
5030
5031
5032
5033
5034
5035
5036
5037
5038
5039
5040
5041
5042
5043
5044
5045
5046
5047
5048
5049
5050
5051
5052
5053
5054
5055
5056
5057
5058
5059
5060
5061
5062
5063
5064
5065
5066
5067
5068
5069
5070
5071
5072
5073
5074
5075
5076
5077
5078
5079
5080
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
5087
5088
5089
5090
5091
5092
5093
5094
5095
5096
5097
5098
5099
5100
5101
5102
5103
5104
5105
5106
5107
5108
5109
5110
5111
5112
5113
5114
5115
5116
5117
5118
5119
5120
5121
5122
5123
5124
5125
5126
5127
5128
5129
5130
5131
5132
5133
5134
5135
5136
5137
5138
5139
5140
5141
5142
5143
5144
5145
5146
5147
5148
5149
5150
5151
5152
5153
5154
5155
5156
5157
5158
5159
5160
5161
5162
5163
5164
5165
5166
5167
5168
5169
5170
5171
5172
5173
5174
5175
5176
5177
5178
5179
5180
5181
5182
5183
5184
5185
5186
5187
5188
5189
5190
5191
5192
5193
5194
5195
5196
5197
5198
5199
5200
5201
5202
5203
5204
5205
5206
5207
5208
5209
5210
5211
5212
5213
5214
5215
5216
5217
5218
5219
5220
5221
5222
5223
5224
5225
5226
5227
5228
5229
5230
5231
5232
5233
5234
5235
5236
5237
5238
5239
5240
5241
5242
5243
5244
5245
5246
5247
5248
5249
5250
5251
5252
5253
5254
5255
5256
5257
5258
5259
5260
5261
5262
5263
5264
5265
5266
5267
5268
5269
5270
5271
5272
5273
5274
5275
5276
5277
5278
5279
5280
5281
5282
5283
5284
5285
5286
5287
5288
5289
5290
5291
5292
5293
5294
5295
5296
5297
5298
5299
5300
5301
5302
5303
5304
5305
5306
5307
5308
5309
5310
5311
5312
5313
5314
5315
5316
5317
5318
5319
5320
5321
5322
5323
5324
5325
5326
5327
5328
5329
5330
5331
5332
5333
5334
5335
5336
5337
5338
5339
5340
5341
5342
5343
5344
5345
5346
5347
5348
5349
5350
5351
5352
5353
5354
5355
5356
5357
5358
5359
5360
5361
5362
5363
5364
5365
5366
5367
5368
5369
5370
5371
5372
5373
5374
5375
5376
5377
5378
5379
5380
5381
5382
5383
5384
5385
5386
5387
5388
5389
5390
5391
5392
5393
5394
5395
5396
5397
5398
5399
5400
5401
5402
5403
5404
5405
5406
5407
5408
5409
5410
5411
5412
5413
5414
5415
5416
5417
5418
5419
5420
5421
5422
5423
5424
5425
5426
5427
5428
5429
5430
5431
5432
5433
5434
5435
5436
5437
5438
5439
5440
5441
5442
5443
5444
5445
5446
5447
5448
5449
5450
5451
5452
5453
5454
5455
5456
5457
5458
5459
5460
5461
5462
5463
5464
5465
5466
5467
5468
5469
5470
5471
5472
5473
5474
5475
5476
5477
5478
5479
5480
5481
5482
5483
5484
5485
5486
5487
5488
5489
5490
5491
5492
5493
5494
5495
5496
5497
5498
5499
5500
5501
5502
5503
5504
5505
5506
5507
5508
5509
5510
5511
5512
5513
5514
5515
5516
5517
5518
5519
5520
5521
5522
5523
5524
5525
5526
5527
5528
5529
5530
5531
5532
5533
5534
5535
5536
5537
5538
5539
5540
5541
5542
5543
5544
5545
5546
5547
5548
5549
5550
5551
5552
5553
5554
5555
5556
5557
5558
5559
5560
5561
5562
5563
5564
5565
5566
5567
5568
5569
5570
5571
5572
5573
5574
5575
5576
5577
5578
5579
5580
5581
5582
5583
5584
5585
5586
5587
5588
5589
5590
5591
5592
5593
5594
5595
5596
5597
5598
5599
5600
5601
5602
5603
5604
5605
5606
5607
5608
5609
5610
5611
5612
5613
5614
5615
5616
5617
5618
5619
5620
5621
5622
5623
5624
5625
5626
5627
5628
5629
5630
5631
5632
5633
5634
5635
5636
5637
5638
5639
5640
5641
5642
5643
5644
5645
5646
5647
5648
5649
5650
5651
5652
5653
5654
5655
5656
5657
5658
5659
5660
5661
5662
5663
5664
5665
5666
5667
5668
5669
5670
5671
5672
5673
5674
5675
5676
5677
5678
5679
5680
5681
5682
5683
5684
5685
5686
5687
5688
5689
5690
5691
5692
5693
5694
5695
5696
5697
5698
5699
5700
5701
5702
5703
5704
5705
5706
5707
5708
5709
5710
5711
5712
5713
5714
5715
5716
5717
5718
5719
5720
5721
5722
5723
5724
5725
5726
5727
5728
5729
5730
5731
5732
5733
5734
5735
5736
5737
5738
5739
5740
5741
5742
5743
5744
5745
5746
5747
5748
5749
5750
5751
5752
5753
5754
5755
5756
5757
5758
5759
5760
5761
5762
5763
5764
5765
5766
5767
5768
5769
5770
5771
5772
5773
5774
5775
5776
5777
5778
5779
5780
5781
5782
5783
5784
5785
5786
5787
5788
5789
5790
5791
5792
5793
5794
5795
5796
5797
5798
5799
5800
5801
5802
5803
5804
5805
5806
5807
5808
5809
5810
5811
5812
5813
5814
5815
5816
5817
5818
5819
5820
5821
5822
5823
5824
5825
5826
5827
5828
5829
5830
5831
5832
5833
5834
5835
5836
5837
5838
5839
5840
5841
5842
5843
5844
5845
5846
5847
5848
5849
5850
5851
5852
5853
5854
5855
5856
5857
5858
5859
5860
5861
5862
5863
5864
5865
5866
5867
5868
5869
5870
5871
5872
5873
5874
5875
5876
5877
5878
5879
5880
5881
5882
5883
5884
5885
5886
5887
5888
5889
5890
5891
5892
5893
5894
5895
5896
5897
5898
5899
5900
5901
5902
5903
5904
5905
5906
5907
5908
5909
5910
5911
5912
5913
5914
5915
5916
5917
5918
5919
5920
5921
5922
5923
5924
5925
5926
5927
5928
5929
5930
5931
5932
5933
5934
5935
5936
5937
5938
5939
5940
5941
5942
5943
5944
5945
5946
5947
5948
5949
5950
5951
5952
5953
5954
5955
5956
5957
5958
5959
5960
5961
5962
5963
5964
5965
5966
5967
5968
5969
5970
5971
5972
5973
5974
5975
5976
5977
5978
5979
5980
5981
5982
5983
5984
5985
5986
5987
5988
5989
5990
5991
5992
5993
5994
5995
5996
5997
5998
5999
6000
6001
6002
6003
6004
6005
6006
6007
6008
6009
6010
6011
6012
6013
6014
6015
6016
6017
6018
6019
6020
6021
6022
6023
6024
6025
6026
6027
6028
6029
6030
6031
6032
6033
6034
6035
6036
6037
6038
6039
6040
6041
6042
6043
6044
6045
6046
6047
6048
6049
6050
6051
6052
6053
6054
6055
6056
6057
6058
6059
6060
6061
6062
6063
6064
6065
6066
6067
6068
6069
6070
6071
6072
6073
6074
6075
6076
6077
6078
6079
6080
6081
6082
6083
6084
6085
6086
6087
6088
6089
6090
6091
6092
6093
6094
6095
6096
6097
6098
6099
6100
6101
6102
6103
6104
6105
6106
6107
6108
6109
6110
6111
6112
6113
6114
6115
6116
6117
6118
6119
6120
6121
6122
6123
6124
6125
6126
6127
6128
6129
6130
6131
6132
6133
6134
6135
6136
6137
6138
6139
6140
6141
6142
6143
6144
6145
6146
6147
6148
6149
6150
6151
6152
6153
6154
6155
6156
6157
6158
6159
6160
6161
6162
6163
6164
6165
6166
6167
6168
6169
6170
6171
6172
6173
6174
6175
6176
6177
6178
6179
6180
6181
6182
6183
6184
6185
6186
6187
6188
6189
6190
6191
6192
6193
6194
6195
6196
6197
6198
6199
6200
6201
6202
6203
6204
6205
6206
6207
6208
6209
6210
6211
6212
6213
6214
6215
6216
6217
6218
6219
6220
6221
6222
6223
6224
6225
6226
6227
6228
6229
6230
6231
6232
6233
6234
6235
6236
6237
6238
6239
6240
6241
6242
6243
6244
6245
6246
6247
6248
6249
6250
6251
6252
6253
6254
6255
6256
6257
6258
6259
6260
6261
6262
6263
6264
6265
6266
6267
6268
6269
6270
6271
6272
6273
6274
6275
6276
6277
6278
6279
6280
6281
6282
6283
6284
6285
6286
6287
6288
6289
6290
6291
6292
6293
6294
6295
6296
6297
6298
6299
6300
6301
6302
6303
6304
6305
6306
6307
6308
6309
6310
6311
6312
6313
6314
6315
6316
6317
6318
6319
6320
6321
6322
6323
6324
6325
6326
6327
6328
6329
6330
6331
6332
6333
6334
6335
6336
6337
6338
6339
6340
6341
6342
6343
6344
6345
6346
6347
6348
6349
6350
6351
6352
6353
6354
6355
6356
6357
6358
6359
6360
6361
6362
6363
6364
6365
6366
6367
6368
6369
6370
6371
6372
6373
6374
6375
6376
6377
6378
6379
6380
6381
6382
6383
6384
6385
6386
6387
6388
6389
6390
6391
6392
6393
6394
6395
6396
6397
6398
6399
6400
6401
6402
6403
6404
6405
6406
6407
6408
6409
6410
6411
6412
6413
6414
6415
6416
6417
6418
6419
6420
6421
6422
6423
6424
6425
6426
6427
6428
6429
6430
6431
6432
6433
6434
6435
6436
6437
6438
6439
6440
6441
6442
6443
6444
6445
6446
6447
6448
6449
6450
6451
6452
6453
6454
6455
6456
6457
6458
6459
6460
6461
6462
6463
6464
6465
6466
6467
6468
6469
6470
6471
6472
6473
6474
6475
6476
6477
6478
6479
6480
6481
6482
6483
6484
6485
6486
6487
6488
6489
6490
6491
6492
6493
6494
6495
6496
6497
6498
6499
6500
6501
6502
6503
6504
6505
6506
6507
6508
6509
6510
6511
6512
6513
6514
6515
6516
6517
6518
6519
6520
6521
6522
6523
6524
6525
6526
6527
6528
6529
6530
6531
6532
6533
6534
6535
6536
6537
6538
6539
6540
6541
6542
6543
6544
6545
6546
6547
6548
6549
6550
6551
6552
6553
6554
6555
6556
6557
6558
6559
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta HTTP-EQUIV="CONTENT-TYPE" CONTENT="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<title>GraphicsMagick GM Utility</title>
<style type=text/css>
<!--
@page { size: 8.5in 11in }
TD P { color: #000000; font-family: "Verdana", "Arial", "Helvetica", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt }
P { color: #000000; font-family: "Verdana", "Arial", "Helvetica", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt }
A:link { color: #00B04F }
A:visited { color: #007B37 }
-->
</style>
</head>
<body LANG="en-US" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#00B04F" VLINK="#007B37" BGCOLOR="#ffffff">
<a name="top"></a>
<table border=0 cellpadding=10 cellspacing=0 style="margin-top:-17px" width="100%"><tr><td>
<br> <br>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%">
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img
SRC="images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0
height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font
color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a NAME="top"></a>NAME
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="94%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8">
<tr><td width="3%"><br></td><td>
<p>
gm - command-line utility to create, edit, compare, convert, or display images
<br> <br>
</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%">
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img
SRC="images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0
height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font
color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a NAME="contents"></a>Contents
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="94%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8">
<tr><td width="3%"><br></td><td>
<dl>
<dt>
<a href="#syno">Synopsis</a>
</dt>
<dt>
<a href="#desc">Description</a>
</dt>
<dt>
<a href="#files">Files and Formats</a>
</dt>
<dt>
<a href="#opti">Options</a>
</dt>
<dt>
<a href="#envi">Environment</a>
</dt>
<dt>
<a href="#file">Configuration Files</a>
</dt>
<dt>
<a href="#auth">Authors</a>
</dt>
<dt>
<a href="#copy">Copyright</a>
</dt>
</dl>
</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%">
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img
SRC="images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0
height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font
color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a NAME="syno"></a>Synopsis
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="94%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8">
<tr><td width="3%"><br></td><td>
<p>
<strong>gm animate</strong> <strong>[</strong> <em>options ...</em> <strong>]</strong> <em>file</em> <strong>[ [</strong>
<em>options ...</em> <strong>]</strong> <em>file ...</em> <strong>]</strong>
<p>
<strong>gm batch</strong> <strong>[</strong> <em>options ...</em> <strong>]</strong> <strong>[</strong> <em>script</em> <strong>]</strong>
<p>
<strong>gm benchmark</strong> <strong>[</strong> <em>options ...</em> <strong>]</strong> subcommand
<p>
<strong>gm compare</strong> <strong>[</strong> <em>options</em> <strong>... ]</strong> <em>reference-image</em>
<strong>[</strong> <em>options</em> <strong>... ]</strong> <em>compare-image</em>
<strong>[</strong> <em>options</em> <strong>... ]</strong>
<p>
<strong>gm composite</strong> <strong>[</strong> <em>options ...</em> <strong>]</strong> <em>change-image base-image</em>
<strong>[</strong> <em>mask-image</em> <strong>]</strong> <em>output-image</em>
<p>
<strong>gm conjure</strong> <strong>[</strong> <em>options</em> <strong>]</strong> <em>script.msl</em>
<strong>[ [</strong> <em>options</em> <strong>]</strong> <em>script.msl</em> <strong>]</strong>
<p>
<strong>gm convert</strong> <strong>[ [</strong> <em>options ...</em> <strong>] [</strong> <em>input-file ...</em>
<strong>] [</strong> <em>options ...</em> <strong>] ]</strong> <em>output-file</em>
<p>
<strong>gm display</strong> <strong>[</strong> <em>options ...</em> <strong>]</strong> <em>file ...</em>
<strong>[ [</strong><em>options ...</em> <strong>]</strong><em>file ...</em> <strong>]</strong>
<p>
<strong>gm identify</strong> <em>file</em> <strong>[</strong> <em>file ...</em> <strong>]</strong>
<p>
<strong>gm import</strong> <strong>[</strong> <em>options ...</em> <strong>]</strong> <em>file</em>
<p>
<strong>gm mogrify</strong> <strong>[</strong> <em>options ...</em> <strong>]</strong> <em>file ...</em>
<p>
<strong>gm montage</strong> <strong>[</strong> <em>options ...</em> <strong>]</strong> <em>file</em> <strong>[ [</strong>
<em>options ...</em> <strong>]</strong> <em>file ...</em> <strong>]</strong> <em>output-file</em>
<p>
<strong>gm time</strong> subcommand
<p>
<strong>gm version</strong>
</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%">
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img
SRC="images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0
height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font
color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a NAME="desc"></a>Description
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="94%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8">
<tr><td width="3%"><br></td><td>
<p>
GraphicsMagick's <strong>gm</strong> provides a suite of utilities for creating,
comparing, converting, editing, and displaying images. All of the
utilities are provided as sub-commands of a single <strong>gm</strong>
executable. The <strong>gm</strong> executable returns the exit code 0 to
indicate success, or 1 to indicate failure:
<p>
<a href="animate.html"><strong>animate</strong></a>
displays an animation (e.g. a GIF file) on any workstation display
running an <em>X</em> server.
<p>
<a href="batch.html"><strong>batch</strong></a>
executes an arbitary number of the utility commands
(e.g. <strong>convert</strong>) in the form of a simple linear batch script in
order to improve execution efficiency, and/or to allow use as a
subordinate co-process under the control of an arbitrary script or
program.
<p>
<a href="benchmark.html"><strong>benchmark</strong></a>
executes one of the other utility commands (e.g. <strong>convert</strong>) for a
specified number of iterations, or execution time, and reports
execution time and other profiling information such as CPU
utilization. <strong>Benchmark</strong> provides various operating modes
including executing the command with a varying number of threads, and
alternate reporting formats such as comma-separated value (CSV).
<p>
<a href="compare.html"><strong>compare</strong></a>
compares two images and reports difference statistics according to
specified metrics and/or outputs an image with a visual representation
of the differences. It may also be used to test if images are similar
within a particular range and specified metric, returning a truth
value to the executing environment.
<p>
<a href="composite.html"><strong>composite</strong></a>
composites images (blends or merges images together) to create new images.
<p>
<a href="conjure.html"><strong>conjure</strong></a>
interprets and executes scripts in
the Magick Scripting Language (MSL).
<p>
<a href="convert.html"><strong>convert</strong></a>
converts an input file using one image format to an output file with
the same or differing image format while applying an arbitrary number
of image transformations.
<p>
<a href="display.html"><strong>display</strong></a>
is a machine architecture independent image processing and display
facility. It can display an image on any workstation display running
an <em>X</em> server.
<p>
<a href="identify.html"><strong>identify</strong></a>
describes the format and characteristics of one or more image
files. It will also report if an image is incomplete or corrupt.
<p>
<a href="import.html"><strong>import</strong></a>
reads an image from any visible window on an <em>X</em> server and
outputs it as an image file. You can capture a single window, the
entire screen, or any rectangular portion of the screen.
<p>
<a href="mogrify.html"><strong>mogrify</strong></a>
transforms an image or a sequence of images. These transforms include
<strong>image scaling</strong>, <strong>image rotation</strong>, <strong>color reduction</strong>,
and others. The transmogrified image <strong>overwrites</strong> the original
image.
<p>
<a href="montage.html"><strong>montage</strong></a>
creates a composite by combining several separate images. The images
are tiled on the composite image with the name of the image optionally
appearing just below the individual tile.
<p>
<a href="time.html"><strong>time</strong></a>
executes a subcommand and reports the user, system, and total
execution time consumed.
<p>
<a href="version.html"><strong>version</strong></a>
reports the GraphicsMagick release version, maximum sample-depth,
copyright notice, supported features, and the options used while
building the software.
<p>
The <strong>GraphicsMagick</strong> utilities recognize the following image formats:
<br> <br>
<table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<p>
<tr><td><strong>Name</strong> </td><td><strong>Mode</strong></td><td><strong>Description</strong></td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">3FR </td><td>r--</td><td>Hasselblad Photo RAW</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">8BIM </td><td>rw-</td><td>Photoshop resource format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">8BIMTEXT </td><td>rw-</td><td>Photoshop resource text format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">8BIMWTEXT</td><td>rw-</td><td>Photoshop resource wide text format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">APP1 </td><td>rw-</td><td>Raw application information</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">APP1JPEG </td><td>rw-</td><td>Raw JPEG binary data</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">ART </td><td>r--</td><td>PF1: 1st Publisher</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">ARW </td><td>r--</td><td>Sony Alpha DSLR RAW</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">AVS </td><td>rw+</td><td>AVS X image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">BIE </td><td>rw-</td><td>Joint Bi-level Image experts Group</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>interchange format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">BMP </td><td>rw+</td><td>Microsoft Windows bitmap image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">BMP2 </td><td>-w-</td><td>Microsoft Windows bitmap image v2</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">BMP3 </td><td>-w-</td><td>Microsoft Windows bitmap image v3</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">CACHE </td><td>---</td><td>Magick Persistent Cache image format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">CALS </td><td>rw-</td><td>Continuous Acquisition and Life-cycle</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>Support Type 1 image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">CAPTION </td><td>r--</td><td>Caption (requires separate size info)</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">CIN </td><td>rw-</td><td>Kodak Cineon Format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">CMYK </td><td>rw-</td><td>Raw cyan, magenta, yellow, and black</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>samples (8 or 16 bits, depending on</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>the image depth)</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">CMYKA </td><td>rw-</td><td>Raw cyan, magenta, yellow, black, and</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>matte samples (8 or 16 bits, depending</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>on the image depth)</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">CR2 </td><td>r--</td><td>Canon Photo RAW</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">CRW </td><td>r--</td><td>Canon Photo RAW</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">CUR </td><td>r--</td><td>Microsoft Cursor Icon</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">CUT </td><td>r--</td><td>DR Halo</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">DCM </td><td>r--</td><td>Digital Imaging and Communications in</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>Medicine image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">DCR </td><td>r--</td><td>Kodak Photo RAW</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">DCX </td><td>rw+</td><td>ZSoft IBM PC multi-page Paintbrush</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">DNG </td><td>r--</td><td>Adobe Digital Negative</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">DPS </td><td>r--</td><td>Display PostScript Interpreter</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">DPX </td><td>rw-</td><td>Digital Moving Picture Exchange</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">EPDF </td><td>rw-</td><td>Encapsulated Portable Document Format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">EPI </td><td>rw-</td><td>Adobe Encapsulated PostScript</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>Interchange format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">EPS </td><td>rw-</td><td>Adobe Encapsulated PostScript</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">EPS2 </td><td>-w-</td><td>Adobe Level II Encapsulated PostScript</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">EPS3 </td><td>-w-</td><td>Adobe Level III Encapsulated PostScript</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">EPSF </td><td>rw-</td><td>Adobe Encapsulated PostScript</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">EPSI </td><td>rw-</td><td>Adobe Encapsulated PostScript</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>Interchange format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">EPT </td><td>rw-</td><td>Adobe Encapsulated PostScript with MS-DOS</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>TIFF preview</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">EPT2 </td><td>rw-</td><td>Adobe Level II Encapsulated PostScript</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>with MS-DOS TIFF preview</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">EPT3 </td><td>rw-</td><td>Adobe Level III Encapsulated PostScript</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>with MS-DOS TIFF preview</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">EXIF </td><td>rw-</td><td>Exif digital camera binary data</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">FAX </td><td>rw+</td><td>Group 3 FAX (Not TIFF Group3 FAX!)</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">FITS </td><td>rw-</td><td>Flexible Image Transport System</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">FRACTAL </td><td>r--</td><td>Plasma fractal image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">FPX </td><td>rw-</td><td>FlashPix Format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">GIF </td><td>rw+</td><td>CompuServe graphics interchange format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">GIF87 </td><td>rw-</td><td>CompuServe graphics interchange format</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>(version 87a)</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">GRADIENT </td><td>r--</td><td>Gradual passing from one shade to</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>another</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">GRAY </td><td>rw+</td><td>Raw gray samples (8/16/32 bits,</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>depending on the image depth)</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">HISTOGRAM</td><td>-w-</td><td>Histogram of the image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">HRZ </td><td>r--</td><td>HRZ: Slow scan TV</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">HTML </td><td>-w-</td><td>Hypertext Markup Language and a</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>client-side image map</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">ICB </td><td>rw+</td><td>Truevision Targa image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">ICC </td><td>rw-</td><td>ICC Color Profile</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">ICM </td><td>rw-</td><td>ICC Color Profile</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">ICO </td><td>r--</td><td>Microsoft icon</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">ICON </td><td>r--</td><td>Microsoft icon</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">IDENTITY </td><td>r--</td><td>Hald CLUT identity image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">IMAGE </td><td>r--</td><td>GraphicsMagick Embedded Image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">INFO </td><td>-w+</td><td>Image descriptive information and</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td> statistics</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">IPTC </td><td>rw-</td><td>IPTC Newsphoto</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">IPTCTEXT </td><td>rw-</td><td>IPTC Newsphoto text format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">IPTCWTEXT</td><td>rw-</td><td>IPTC Newsphoto wide text format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">JBG </td><td>rw+</td><td>Joint Bi-level Image experts Group</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>interchange format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">JBIG </td><td>rw+</td><td>Joint Bi-level Image experts Group</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>interchange format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">JNG </td><td>rw-</td><td>JPEG Network Graphics</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">JP2 </td><td>rw-</td><td>JPEG-2000 JP2 File Format Syntax</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">JPC </td><td>rw-</td><td>JPEG-2000 Code Stream Syntax</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">JPEG </td><td>rw-</td><td>Joint Photographic Experts Group</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>JFIF format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">JPG </td><td>rw-</td><td>Joint Photographic Experts Group</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>JFIF format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">K25 </td><td>r--</td><td>Kodak Photo RAW</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">KDC </td><td>r--</td><td>Kodak Photo RAW</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">LABEL </td><td>r--</td><td>Text image format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">M2V </td><td>rw+</td><td>MPEG-2 Video Stream</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MAP </td><td>rw-</td><td>Colormap intensities and indices</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MAT </td><td>r--</td><td>MATLAB image format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MATTE </td><td>-w+</td><td>MATTE format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MIFF </td><td>rw+</td><td>Magick Image File Format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MNG </td><td>rw+</td><td>Multiple-image Network Graphics</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MONO </td><td>rw-</td><td>Bi-level bitmap in least-significant-</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>-byte-first order</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MPC </td><td>rw+</td><td>Magick Persistent Cache image format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MPEG </td><td>rw+</td><td>MPEG-1 Video Stream</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MPG </td><td>rw+</td><td>MPEG-1 Video Stream</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MRW </td><td>r--</td><td>Minolta Photo Raw</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MSL </td><td>r--</td><td>Magick Scripting Language</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MTV </td><td>rw+</td><td>MTV Raytracing image format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">MVG </td><td>rw-</td><td>Magick Vector Graphics</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">NEF </td><td>r--</td><td>Nikon Electronic Format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">NULL </td><td>r--</td><td>Constant image of uniform color</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">OTB </td><td>rw-</td><td>On-the-air bitmap</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">P7 </td><td>rw+</td><td>Xv thumbnail format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PAL </td><td>rw-</td><td>16bit/pixel interleaved YUV</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PALM </td><td>rw-</td><td>Palm Pixmap</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PBM </td><td>rw+</td><td>Portable bitmap format (black and white)</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PCD </td><td>rw-</td><td>Photo CD</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PCDS </td><td>rw-</td><td>Photo CD</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PCL </td><td>-w-</td><td>Page Control Language</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PCT </td><td>rw-</td><td>Apple Macintosh QuickDraw/PICT</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PCX </td><td>rw-</td><td>ZSoft IBM PC Paintbrush</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PDB </td><td>rw+</td><td>Palm Database ImageViewer Format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PDF </td><td>rw+</td><td>Portable Document Format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PEF </td><td>r--</td><td>Pentax Electronic File</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PFA </td><td>r--</td><td>TrueType font</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PFB </td><td>r--</td><td>TrueType font</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PGM </td><td>rw+</td><td>Portable graymap format (gray scale)</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PGX </td><td>r--</td><td>JPEG-2000 VM Format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PICON </td><td>rw-</td><td>Personal Icon</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PICT </td><td>rw-</td><td>Apple Macintosh QuickDraw/PICT</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PIX </td><td>r--</td><td>Alias/Wavefront RLE image format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PLASMA </td><td>r--</td><td>Plasma fractal image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PNG </td><td>rw-</td><td>Portable Network Graphics</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PNG24 </td><td>rw-</td><td>Portable Network Graphics, 24 bit RGB</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>opaque only</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PNG32 </td><td>rw-</td><td>Portable Network Graphics, 32 bit RGBA</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>semitransparency OK</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PNG8 </td><td>rw-</td><td>Portable Network Graphics, 8-bit</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>indexed, binary transparency only</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PNM </td><td>rw+</td><td>Portable anymap</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PPM </td><td>rw+</td><td>Portable pixmap format (color)</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PREVIEW </td><td>-w-</td><td>Show a preview an image enhancement,</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>effect, or f/x</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PS </td><td>rw+</td><td>Adobe PostScript</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PS2 </td><td>-w+</td><td>Adobe Level II PostScript</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PS3 </td><td>-w+</td><td>Adobe Level III PostScript</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PSD </td><td>rw-</td><td>Adobe Photoshop bitmap</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PTIF </td><td>rw-</td><td>Pyramid encoded TIFF</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">PWP </td><td>r--</td><td>Seattle Film Works</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">RAF </td><td>r--</td><td>Fuji Photo RAW</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">RAS </td><td>rw+</td><td>SUN Rasterfile</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">RGB </td><td>rw+</td><td>Raw red, green, and blue samples</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">RGBA </td><td>rw+</td><td>Raw red, green, blue, and matte samples</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">RLA </td><td>r--</td><td>Alias/Wavefront image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">RLE </td><td>r--</td><td>Utah Run length encoded image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">SCT </td><td>r--</td><td>Scitex HandShake</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">SFW </td><td>r--</td><td>Seattle Film Works</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">SGI </td><td>rw+</td><td>Irix RGB image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">SHTML </td><td>-w-</td><td>Hypertext Markup Language and a</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>client-side image map</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">STEGANO </td><td>r--</td><td>Steganographic image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">SUN </td><td>rw+</td><td>SUN Rasterfile</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">SVG </td><td>rw+</td><td>Scalable Vector Gaphics</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">TEXT </td><td>rw+</td><td>Raw text</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">TGA </td><td>rw+</td><td>Truevision Targa image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">TIFF </td><td>rw+</td><td>Tagged Image File Format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">TILE </td><td>r--</td><td>Tile image with a texture</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">TIM </td><td>r--</td><td>PSX TIM</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">TOPOL </td><td>r--</td><td>TOPOL X Image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">TTF </td><td>r--</td><td>TrueType font</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">TXT </td><td>rw+</td><td>Raw text</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">UIL </td><td>-w-</td><td>X-Motif UIL table</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">UYVY </td><td>rw-</td><td>16bit/pixel interleaved YUV</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">VDA </td><td>rw+</td><td>Truevision Targa image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">VICAR </td><td>rw-</td><td>VICAR rasterfile format</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">VID </td><td>rw+</td><td>Visual Image Directory</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">VIFF </td><td>rw+</td><td>Khoros Visualization image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">VST </td><td>rw+</td><td>Truevision Targa image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">WBMP </td><td>rw-</td><td>Wireless Bitmap (level 0) image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">WMF </td><td>r--</td><td>Windows Metafile</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">WPG </td><td>r--</td><td>Word Perfect Graphics</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">X </td><td>rw-</td><td>X Image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">X3F </td><td>r--</td><td>Foveon X3 (Sigma/Polaroid) RAW</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">XBM </td><td>rw-</td><td>X Windows system bitmap (black</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td>and white)</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">XC </td><td>r--</td><td>Constant image uniform color</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">XCF </td><td>r--</td><td>GIMP image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">XMP </td><td>rw-</td><td>Adobe XML metadata</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">XPM </td><td>rw-</td><td>X Windows system pixmap (color)</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">XV </td><td>rw+</td><td>Khoros Visualization image</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">XWD </td><td>rw-</td><td>X Windows system window dump (color)</td></tr>
<tr><td><dd><img SRC="images/ball.png" ALT="*">YUV </td><td>rw-</td><td>CCIR 601 4:1:1 or 4:2:2 (8-bit only)</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td> Modes: </td><td> </td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td>r </td><td>Read</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td>w </td><td>Write</td></tr>
<tr><td> </td><td>+ </td><td>Multi-image</td></tr>
<br> <br>
</table>
<p>
<em>Support for some of these formats require additional programs or libraries.
See <a href="README.html">README</a>
in the source package for where to find optional additional software</em>.
<p>
Note, a format delineated with <tt>+</tt> means that if more than one
image is specified, frames are combined into a single multi-image
file. Use <strong>+adjoin</strong> if you want a single image produced for each
frame.
<p>
Your installation might not support all of the formats in the list.
To get an accurate listing of the formats supported by your particular
configuration, run <tt>"gm convert -list format"</tt>.
<p>
Raw images are expected to have one byte per pixel unless <strong>gm</strong> is
compiled in 16-bit quantum mode or in 32-bit quantum mode. Here, the
raw data is expected to be stored two or four bytes per pixel,
respectively, in most-significant-byte-first order. For example, you
can tell if <strong>gm</strong> was compiled in 16-bit mode by typing "gm
version" without any options, and looking for "Q:16" in the first line
of output.
</td></tr></table>
<p>
<i><a href="#top">Back to Contents</a></i>
</p>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%">
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img
SRC="images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0
height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font
color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a NAME="files"></a>Files and Formats
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="94%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8">
<tr><td width="3%"><br></td><td>
<p>
By default, the image format is determined by its magic number, i.e., the
first few bytes of the file. To specify
a particular image format, precede the filename with an image format name
and a colon (<em>i.e.</em><strong>ps:image</strong>) or specify the image type as the
filename suffix (<em>i.e.</em><strong>image.ps</strong>).
The magic number takes precedence over the filename suffix
and the prefix takes precedence over the magic number and the suffix
in input files.
When a file is read, its magic number is stored in the "image->magick"
string.
In output files, the prefix takes precedence over the filename suffix,
and the filename suffix takes precedence over the
"image->magick" string.
<br> <br>
<p>To read the "built-in" formats (GRANITE, H, LOGO,
NETSCAPE, PLASMA, and ROSE) use a prefix (including the colon) without a
filename or suffix. To read the XC format, follow the colon with a color
specification. To read the CAPTION format, follow the colon with a text
string or with a filename prefixed with the at symbol (<strong>@</strong>).
<br> <br>
<p>
When you specify <strong>X</strong> as your image type, the filename has special
meaning. It specifies an X window by <strong>id, name</strong>, or
<strong>root</strong>. If
no filename is specified, the window is selected by clicking the mouse
in the desired window.
<p>
Specify <em>input_file</em> as <strong>-</strong> for standard input,
<em>output_file</em> as <strong>-</strong> for standard output.
If <em>input_file</em> has the extension <strong>.Z</strong> or <strong>.gz</strong>, the
file is uncompressed with <strong>uncompress</strong> or <strong>gunzip</strong>
respectively.
If <em>output_file</em> has the extension <strong>.Z</strong> or <strong>.gz</strong>,
the file is compressed using with <em>compress</em> or <em>gzip</em> respectively.
<p>
Use an optional index enclosed in brackets after an input file name to
specify a desired subimage of a multi-resolution image format like
Photo CD (e.g. <tt>"img0001.pcd[4]"</tt>) or a range for MPEG images
(e.g. <tt>"video.mpg[50-75]"</tt>). A subimage specification can be
disjoint (e.g. <tt>"image.tiff[2,7,4]"</tt>). For raw images, specify
a subimage with a geometry (e.g. <tt>-size 640x512</tt>
<tt>"image.rgb[320x256+50+50]"</tt>). Surround the image name with
quotation marks to prevent your shell from interpreting the square
brackets. <p>Single images are written with the filename you
specify. However, multi-part images (e.g., a multi-page PostScript
document with <strong>+adjoin</strong> specified) may be written with the scene
number included as part of the filename. In order to include the scene
number in the filename, it is necessary to include a printf-style
<tt>%d</tt> format specification in the file name and use the +adjoin
option. For example,
<pre>
image%02d.miff
</pre>
<p>
writes files <em>image00.miff, image01.miff,</em> etc. Only a single
specification is allowed within an output filename. If more than one
specification is present, it will be ignored. It is best to embed the
scene number in the base part of the file name, not in the extension,
because the extension will not be a recognizeable image type.
<p>
When running a commandline utility, you can
prepend an at sign <tt>@</tt> to a filename to read a list of image
filenames from that file. This is convenient in the event you have too
many image filenames to fit on the command line.
</td></tr></table>
<p>
<i><a href="#top">Back to Contents</a></i>
</p>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%">
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img
SRC="images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0
height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font
color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a NAME="opti"></a>Options
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="94%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8">
<tr><td width="3%"><br></td><td>
<p>
Options are processed in command line order. Any option you specify on
the command line remains in effect for the set of images that follows,
until the set is terminated by the appearance of any option or <strong>-noop</strong>.
Some options only affect the decoding of images and others only the encoding.
The latter can appear after the final group of input images.
<p>
This is a combined list of the command-line options used by the
GraphicsMagick utilities (<em>animate</em>, <em>compare</em>,
<em>composite</em>, <em>convert</em>, <em>display</em>, <em>identify</em>,
<em>import</em>, <em>mogrify</em> and <em>montage</em>).
<br> <br>
<p>
In this document, angle brackets ("<>") enclose variables and curly
brackets ("{}") enclose optional parameters. For example,
"<strong>-fuzz <distance>{%}</strong>" means you can use the
option <tt>"-fuzz 10"</tt>
or <tt>"-fuzz 2%"</tt>.
<br> <br>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-adjoin"></a>-adjoin
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>join images into a single multi-image file</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
By default, all images of an image sequence are stored in the same
file. However, some formats (e.g. JPEG) do not support storing more
than one image per file and only the first frame in an image sequence
will be saved unless the result is saved to separate files. Use
<strong>+adjoin</strong> to force saving multiple frames to multiple numbered
files. If <strong>+adjoin</strong> is used, then the output filename must
include a printf style formatting specification for the numeric part
of the filename. For example,</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
image%02d.miff
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-affine"></a>-affine <i><matrix></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>drawing transform matrix</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option provides a transform matrix <tt>{sx,rx,ry,sy,tx,ty}</tt> for
use by subsequent <strong>-draw</strong> or <strong>-transform</strong> options.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-antialias"></a>-antialias
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>remove pixel aliasing</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
By default antialiasing algorithms are used when drawing objects (e.g. lines)
or rendering vector formats (e.g. WMF and Postscript). Use +antialias to
disable use of antialiasing algorithms. Reasons to disable antialiasing
include avoiding increasing colors in the image, or improving rendering speed.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-append"></a>-append
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>append a set of images</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option creates a single image where the images in the original set
are stacked top-to-bottom. If they are not of the same width,
any narrow images will be expanded to fit using the background color.
Use <strong>+append</strong> to stack images left-to-right. The set of images
is terminated by the appearance of any option.
If the <strong>-append</strong>
option appears after all of the input images, all images are appended.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-asc-cdl"></a>-asc-cdl <i><spec></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>apply ASC CDL color transform</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Applies ("bakes in") the ASC CDL, which is a format for the exchange
of basic primary color grading information between equipment and
software from different manufacturers. The format defines the math for
three functions: slope, offset and power. Each function uses a number
for the red, green, and blue color channels for a total of nine
numbers comprising a single color decision. The tenth number
(optional) is for chromiance (saturation) as specified by ASC CDL
1.2.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The argument string is comma delimited and is in the following form
(but without invervening spaces or line breaks)</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
redslope,redoffset,redpower:
greenslope,greenoffset,greenpower:
blueslope,blueoffset,bluepower:
saturation
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
with the unity (no change) specification being:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
"1.0,0.0,1.0:1.0,0.0,1.0:1.0,0.0,1.0:1.0"
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-authenticate"></a>-authenticate <i><string></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>decrypt image with this password</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to supply a password for decrypting an image or an
image sequence, if it is being read from a format such as PDF that supports
encryption. Encrypting images being written is not supported.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-auto-orient"></a>-auto-orient
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>orient (rotate) image so it is upright</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Adjusts the image orienation so that it is suitable for viewing. Uses
the orientation tag obtained from the image file or as supplied by the
<strong>-orient</strong> option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-average"></a>-average
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>average a set of images</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The set of images
is terminated by the appearance of any option.
If the <strong>-average</strong>
option appears after all of the input images, all images are averaged.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-backdrop"></a>-backdrop
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>display the image centered on a backdrop.</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This backdrop covers the entire workstation screen and is useful for hiding
other X window activity while viewing the image. The color of the backdrop
is specified as the foreground color (X11 default is black).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">Refer to
<a href="#xres">X Resources</a>
for details.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-background"></a>-background <i><color></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the background color</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The color is specified using the format described under the <strong>-fill</strong>
option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-black-threshold"></a>-black-threshold <i>red[,green][,blue][,opacity]</i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>pixels below the threshold become black</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>-black-threshold</strong> to set pixels with values below the specified
threshold to minimum value (black). If only one value is supplied, or the
red, green, and blue values are identical, then intensity thresholding is
used. If the color threshold values are not identical then channel-based
thresholding is used, and color distortion will occur. Specify a negative
value (e.g. -1) if you want a channel to be ignored but you do want to
threshold a channel later in the list. If a percent (%) symbol is
appended, then the values are treated as a percentage of maximum
range.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-blue-primary"></a>-blue-primary <i><x>,<y></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>blue chromaticity primary point</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-blur"></a>-blur <i><radius></i>{<i>x<sigma></i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>blur the image with a Gaussian operator</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Blur with the given radius and
standard deviation (sigma).</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-border"></a>-border <i><width>x<height></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>surround the image with a border of color</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
See <strong>-geometry</strong> for details
about the geometry specification.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-bordercolor"></a>-bordercolor <i><color></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the border color</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The color is specified using the format described under the <strong>-fill</strong>
option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-borderwidth <i><geometry></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the border width</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-box"></a>-box <i><color></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>set the color of the annotation bounding box</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The color is specified using the format described under the <strong>-fill</strong>
option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
See <strong>-draw</strong> for further
details.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-channel"></a>-channel <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the type of channel</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choose from: <strong>Red</strong>, <strong>Green</strong>, <strong>Blue</strong>, <strong>Opacity</strong>,
<strong>Matte</strong>, <strong>Cyan</strong>, <strong>Magenta</strong>, <strong>Yellow</strong>, <strong>Black</strong>,
or <strong>Gray</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to extract a particular <em>channel</em> from the image.
<strong>Opacity</strong>,
for example, is useful for extracting the opacity values from an image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-charcoal <i><factor></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>simulate a charcoal drawing</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-chop"></a>-chop <i><width>x<height></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><x></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><y></i>{<i>%</i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>remove pixels from the interior of an image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<em>Width</em> and <em>height</em> give the number of columns and rows to remove,
and <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> are offsets that give the location of the
leftmost column and topmost row to remove.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <em>x</em> offset normally specifies the leftmost column to remove.
If the <strong>-gravity</strong> option is present with <em>NorthEast, East,</em>
or <em>SouthEast</em>
gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge
of the image to the rightmost column to remove. Similarly, the <em>y</em> offset
normally specifies the topmost row to remove, but if
the <strong>-gravity</strong> option is present with <em>SouthWest, South,</em>
or <em>SouthEast</em>
gravity, it specifies the distance upward from the bottom edge of the
image to the bottom row to remove.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-chop</strong> option removes entire rows and columns,
and moves the remaining corner blocks leftward and upward to close the gaps.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-clip"></a>-clip
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>apply the clipping path, if one is present</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If a clipping path is present, it will be applied to subsequent operations.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example, if you type the following command:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert -clip -negate cockatoo.tif negated.tif
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
only the pixels within the clipping path are negated.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-clip</strong> feature requires the XML library. If the XML library
is not present, the option is ignored.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-coalesce"></a>-coalesce
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>merge a sequence of images</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Each image N in the sequence after Image 0 is replaced with the image
created by flattening images 0 through N.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The set of images
is terminated by the appearance of any option.
If the <strong>-coalesce</strong>
option appears after all of the input images, all images are coalesced.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-colorize"></a>-colorize <i><value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>colorize the image with the pen color</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Specify the amount of colorization as a percentage. You can apply separate
colorization values to the red, green, and blue channels of the image with
a colorization value list delimited with slashes (e.g. 0/0/50).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-colorize</strong> option may be used in conjunction with <strong>-modulate</strong>
to produce a nice sepia toned image like:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert input.ppm -modulate 115,0,100 \
-colorize 7,21,50 output.ppm.
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-colormap"></a>-colormap <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>define the colormap type</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choose between <strong>shared</strong> or <strong>private</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option only applies when the default X server visual is <em>PseudoColor</em>
or <em>GRAYScale</em>. Refer to <strong>-visual</strong> for more details. By default,
a shared colormap is allocated. The image shares colors with other X clients.
Some image colors could be approximated, therefore your image may look
very different than intended. Choose <strong>Private</strong> and the image colors
appear exactly as they are defined. However, other clients may
go <em>technicolor</em> when the image colormap is installed.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-colors"></a>-colors <i><value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>preferred number of colors in the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The actual number of colors in the image may be less than your request,
but never more. Note, this is a color reduction option. Images with less
unique colors than specified with this option will have any duplicate or
unused colors removed. The ordering of an existing color palette may be
altered. When converting an image from color to grayscale, convert the
image to the gray colorspace before reducing the number of colors since
doing so is most efficient. Refer to <a
href="quantize.html">quantize</a> for more details.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Note, options <strong>-dither</strong>, <strong>-colorspace</strong>, and <strong>-treedepth</strong>
affect the color reduction algorithm.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-colorspace"></a>-colorspace <i><value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the type of colorspace</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choices are:
<strong>CineonLog</strong>, <strong>CMYK</strong>, <strong>GRAY</strong>, <strong>HSL</strong>, <strong>HWB</strong>,
<strong>OHTA</strong>, <strong>RGB</strong>, <strong>Rec601Luma</strong>, <strong>Rec709Luma</strong>,
<strong>Rec601YCbCr</strong>, <strong>Rec709YCbCr</strong>, <strong>Transparent</strong>, <strong>XYZ</strong>,
<strong>YCbCr</strong>, <strong>YIQ</strong>, <strong>YPbPr</strong>, or <strong>YUV</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Color reduction, by default, takes place in the RGB color space. Empirical
evidence suggests that distances in color spaces such as YUV or YIQ correspond
to perceptual color differences more closely than do distances in RGB space.
These color spaces may give better results when color reducing an image.
Refer to <a href="quantize.html">quantize</a> for more details.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">Two gray colorspaces are supported. The <strong>Rec601Luma</strong> space is
based on the recommendations for legacy NTSC television (ITU-R
BT.601-5). The <strong>Rec709Luma</strong> space is based on the
recommendations for HDTV (Rec. ITU-R BT.709-5) and is suitable for use
with computer graphics, and for contemporary CRT displays. The
<strong>GRAY</strong> colorspace currently selects the <strong>Rec601Luma</strong>
colorspace by default for backwards compatibly reasons. This default
may be re-considered in the future.
</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">Two YCbCr colorspaces are supported. The <strong>Rec601YCbCr</strong> space is
based on the recommendations for legacy NTSC television (ITU-R BT.601-5). The
<strong>Rec709CbCr</strong> space is based on the recommendations for HDTV (Rec.
ITU-R BT.709-5) and is suitable for suitable for use with computer
graphics, and for contemporary CRT displays. The <strong>YCbCr</strong> colorspace
specification is equivalent to<strong>Rec601YCbCr</strong>.
</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>Transparent</strong> color space behaves uniquely in that it preserves
the matte channel of the image if it exists.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-colors</strong> or <strong>-monochrome</strong> option, or saving to a file
format which requires color reduction, is required for this option to
take effect.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-comment"></a>-comment <i><string></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>annotate an image with a comment</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to assign a specific comment to the image, when writing
to an image format that supports comments. You can include the
image filename, type, width, height, or other image attribute by embedding
special format characters listed under the <strong>-format</strong> option.
The comment is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image
datastream via a "Comment" tag or similar mechanism. If you want the
comment to be visible on the image itself, use the <strong>-draw</strong> option
instead.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example,</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
-comment "%m:%f %wx%h"
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
produces an image comment of <strong>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</strong> for an image
titled <strong>bird.miff</strong> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If the first character of <em>string</em> is <em>@</em>, the image comment
is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.
Please note that if the string comes from an untrusted source that it
should be sanitized before use since otherwise the content of an
arbitrary readable file could be incorporated in a comment in the
output file (a security risk).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If the -comment option appears multiple times, only the last comment is
stored.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
In PNG images, the comment is stored in a <strong>tEXt</strong> or <strong>zTXt</strong> chunk
with the keyword "comment".</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-compose"></a>-compose <i><operator></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the type of image composition</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The description of composition uses abstract terminology in order to
allow the the description to be more clear, while avoiding constant
values which are specific to a particular build configuration. Each image
pixel is represented by red, green, and blue levels (which are equal for
a gray pixel). MaxRGB is the maximum integral value which may be stored
in the red, green, or blue channels of the image. Each image pixel may
also optionally (if the image matte channel is enabled) have an
associated level of opacity (ranging from opaque to transparent), which
may be used to determine the influence of the pixel color when
compositing the pixel with another image pixel. If the image matte
channel is disabled, then all pixels in the image are treated as opaque.
The color of an <em>opaque</em> pixel is fully visible while the color of a
<em>transparent</em> pixel color is entirely absent (pixel color is ignored).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
By definition, raster images have a rectangular shape. All image rows are
of equal length, and all image columns have the same number of rows. By
treating the opacity channel as a visual "mask" the rectangular image may
be given a "shape" by treating the opacity channel as a cookie-cutter for
the image. Pixels within the shape are opaque, while pixels outside the
shape are transparent. Pixels on the boundary of the shape may be between
opaque and transparent in order to provide antialiasing (visually smooth
edges). The description of the composition operators use this concept of
image "shape" in order to make the description of the operators easier to
understand. While it is convenient to describe the operators in terms of
"shapes" they are by no means limited to mask-style operations since they
are based on continuous floating-point mathematics rather than simple
boolean operations.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
By default, the <em>Over</em> composite operator is used. The following
composite operators are available:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
Over
In
Out
Atop
Xor
Plus
Minus
Add
Subtract
Difference
Divide
Multiply
Bumpmap
Copy
CopyRed
CopyGreen
CopyBlue
CopyOpacity
CopyCyan
CopyMagenta
CopyYellow
CopyBlack
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The behavior of each operator is described below.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<dl>
<dt>Over</dt>
<dd>The result will be the union of the two image shapes, with opaque areas
of <em>change-image</em> obscuring <em>base-image</em> in the region of
overlap.
</dd>
<dt>In</dt>
<dd>The result is simply <em>change-image</em> cut by the shape of
<em>base-image</em>. None of the image data of <em>base-image</em> will be in
the result.
</dd>
<dt>Out</dt>
<dd>The resulting image is <em>change-image</em> with the shape of
<em>base-image</em> cut out.
</dd>
<dt>Atop</dt>
<dd>The result is the same shape as <em>base-image</em>, with
<em>change-image</em> obscuring <em>base-image</em> where the image shapes
overlap. Note this differs from <strong>over</strong> because the portion of
<em>change-image</em> outside <em>base-image</em>'s shape does not appear in
the result.
</dd>
<dt>Xor</dt>
<dd>The result is the image data from both <em>change-image</em> and
<em>base-image</em> that is outside the overlap region. The overlap region
will be blank.
</dd>
<dt>Plus</dt>
<dd>The result is just the sum of the image data. Output values are cropped
to MaxRGB (no overflow). This operation is independent of the matte
channels.
</dd>
<dt>Minus</dt>
<dd>The result of <em>change-image</em> - <em>base-image</em>, with underflow
cropped to zero. The matte channel is ignored (set to opaque, full
coverage).
</dd>
<dt>Add</dt>
<dd>The result of <em>change-image</em> + <em>base-image</em>, with overflow
wrapping around (<em>mod</em> MaxRGB+1).
</dd>
<dt>Subtract</dt>
<dd>The result of <em>change-image</em> - <em>base-image</em>, with underflow
wrapping around (<em>mod</em> MaxRGB+1). The <strong>add</strong> and <strong>subtract</strong>
operators can be used to perform reversible transformations.
</dd>
<dt>Difference</dt>
<dd>The result of abs(<em>change-image</em> - <em>base-image</em>). This is
useful for comparing two very similar images.
</dd>
<dt>Divide</dt>
<dd>The result of <em>change-image</em> / <em>base-image</em>. This is useful
for improving the readability of text on unevenly illuminated photos (by
using a gaussian blurred copy of change-image as base-image).
</dd>
<dt>Multiply</dt>
<dd>The result of <em>change-image</em> * <em>base-image</em>. This is useful for
the creation of drop-shadows.
</dd>
<dt>Bumpmap</dt>
<dd>The result <em>base-image</em> shaded by <em>change-image</em>.
</dd>
<dt>Copy</dt>
<dd>The resulting image is <em>base-image</em> replaced with
<em>change-image</em>. Here the matte information is ignored.
</dd>
<dt>CopyRed</dt>
<dd>The resulting image is the red channel in <em>base-image</em> replaced with
the red channel in <em>change-image</em>. The other channels are copied
untouched.
</dd>
<dt>CopyGreen</dt>
<dd>The resulting image is the green channel in <em>base-image</em> replaced
with the green channel in <em>change-image</em>. The other channels are
copied untouched.
</dd>
<dt>CopyBlue</dt>
<dd>The resulting image is the blue channel in <em>base-image</em> replaced
with the blue channel in <em>change-image</em>. The other channels are
copied untouched.
</dd>
<dt>CopyOpacity</dt>
<dd>The resulting image is the opacity channel in <em>base-image</em> replaced
with the opacity channel in <em>change-image</em>. The other channels are
copied untouched.
</dd>
<dt>CopyCyan</dt>
<dd>The resulting image is the cyan channel in <em>base-image</em> replaced
with the cyan channel in <em>change-image</em>. The other channels are
copied untouched. Use of this operator requires that base-image be in
CMYK(A) colorspace.
</dd>
<dt>CopyMagenta</dt>
<dd>The resulting image is the magenta channel in <em>base-image</em>
replaced with the magenta channel in <em>change-image</em>. The other
channels are copied untouched. Use of this operator requires that
base-image be in CMYK(A) colorspace.
</dd>
<dt>CopyYellow</dt>
<dd>The resulting image is the yellow channel in <em>base-image</em>
replaced with the yellow channel in <em>change-image</em>. The other
channels are copied untouched. Use of this operator requires that
base-image be in CMYK(A) colorspace.
</dd>
<dt>CopyBlack</dt>
<dd>The resulting image is the black channel in <em>base-image</em>
replaced with the black channel in <em>change-image</em>. The other
channels are copied untouched. Use of this operator requires that
base-image be in CMYK(A) colorspace. If change-image is not in CMYK
space, then the change-image pixel intensities are used.
</dd>
</dl>
</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-compress"></a>-compress <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the type of image compression</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choices are: <em>None</em>, <em>BZip</em>, <em>Fax</em>,
<em>Group3</em>, <em>Group4</em>,
<em>JPEG</em>, <em>Lossless</em>,
<em>LZW</em>, <em>RLE</em>, <em>Zip</em>, <em>LZMA</em>, <em>JPEG2000</em>,
<em>JPEG2000</em>, <em>JBIG</em>, <em>JBIG2</em>, <em>WebP</em>, or <em>ZSTD</em>.
</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Specify <strong>+compress</strong> to store the binary image in an uncompressed format.
The default is the compression type of the specified image file.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<em>"Lossless"</em> refers to lossless JPEG, which is only available if
the JPEG library has been patched to support it. Use of lossless JPEG is
generally not recommended.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use the <strong>-quality</strong> option to set the compression level to be used
by the JPEG, JPEG-2000, PNG, MIFF, MPEG, and TIFF encoders. Use the
<strong>-sampling-factor</strong> option to set the sampling factor to be used
by the DPX, JPEG, MPEG, and YUV encoders for downsampling the chroma
channels.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-contrast"></a>-contrast
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>enhance or reduce the image contrast</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option enhances the intensity differences between the lighter and
darker elements of the image. Use <strong>-contrast</strong> to enhance
the image
or <strong>+contrast</strong> to reduce the image contrast.
</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For a more pronounced effect you can repeat the option:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert rose: -contrast -contrast rose_c2.png
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-convolve"></a>-convolve <i><kernel></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>convolve image with the specified convolution kernel</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The kernel is specified as a comma-separated list of floating point
values, ordered left-to right, starting with the top row. The order of
the kernel is determined by the square root of the number of entries.
Presently only square kernels are supported.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-create-directories"></a>-create-directories
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>create output directory if required</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option with <strong>-output-directory</strong> if the input paths contain
subdirectories and it is desired to create similar subdirectories in the
output directory. Without this option, <strong>mogrify</strong> will fail if the
required output directory does not exist.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-crop"></a>-crop <i><width>x<height></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><x></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><y></i>{<i>%</i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>preferred size and location of the cropped image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
See <strong>-geometry</strong> for details
about the geometry specification.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The width and height give the size of the image that remains after cropping,
and <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> are offsets that give the location of the top left
corner of the cropped
image with respect to the original image. To specify the amount to be
removed, use <strong>-shave</strong> instead.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If the <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> offsets are present, a single image is
generated, consisting of the pixels from the cropping region.
The offsets specify the location of the upper left corner of
the cropping region measured downward and rightward with respect to the
upper left corner of the image.
If the <strong>-gravity</strong> option is present with <em>NorthEast, East,</em>
or <em>SouthEast</em>
gravity, it gives the distance leftward from the right edge
of the image to the right edge of the cropping region. Similarly, if
the <strong>-gravity</strong> option is present with <em>SouthWest, South,</em>
or <em>SouthEast</em>
gravity, the distance is measured upward between the bottom
edges.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If the <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> offsets are omitted, a set of tiles of the
specified geometry, covering the entire input image, is generated. The
rightmost tiles and the bottom tiles are smaller if the
specified geometry extends beyond the dimensions of the input image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-cycle"></a>-cycle <i><amount></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>displace image colormap by amount</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<em>Amount</em> defines the number of positions each colormap entry isshifted.
</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-debug <i><events></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>enable debug printout</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <tt>events</tt> parameter specifies which events are to be logged. It
can be either <tt>None</tt>, <tt>All</tt>, or a comma-separated list
consisting of one or more of the following domains:
<tt>Annotate</tt>,
<tt>Blob</tt>,
<tt>Cache</tt>,
<tt>Coder</tt>,
<tt>Configure</tt>,
<tt>Deprecate</tt>,
<tt>Error</tt>,
<tt>Exception</tt>,
<tt>FatalError</tt>,
<tt>Information</tt>,
<tt>Locale</tt>,
<tt>Option</tt>,
<tt>Render</tt>,
<tt>Resource</tt>,
<tt>TemporaryFile</tt>,
<tt>Transform</tt>,
<tt>User</tt>.
<tt>Warning</tt>, or
<tt>X11</tt>,
For example, to log cache and blob events, use</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert -debug "Cache,Blob" rose: rose.png
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The "User" domain is normally empty, but developers can log "User" events
in their private copy of GraphicsMagick.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use the <strong>-log</strong> option to specify the format for debugging output.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>+debug</strong> to turn off all logging.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
An alternative to using <strong>-debug</strong> is to use the <strong>MAGICK_DEBUG</strong>
environment variable. The allowed values for the <strong>MAGICK_DEBUG</strong>
environment variable are the same as for the <strong>-debug</strong> option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-deconstruct"></a>-deconstruct
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>break down an image sequence into constituent parts</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option compares each image with the next in a sequence and
returns the maximum bounding region of any pixel differences it discovers.
This method can undo a coalesced sequence returned by the
<strong>-coalesce</strong> option, and is useful for removing redundant information
from a GIF or MNG animation.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The sequence of images
is terminated by the appearance of any option.
If the <strong>-deconstruct</strong>
option appears after all of the input images, all images are deconstructed.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-define"></a>-define <i><key></i>{<i>=<value></i>}<i>,...</i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>add coder/decoder specific options</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">This option creates one or more definitions for coders and
decoders to use while reading and writing image data. Definitions
may be passed to coders and decoders to control options that are
specific to certain image formats. If <em>value</em> is missing for a
definition, an empty-valued definition of a flag will be created with
that name. This is used to control on/off options. Use <tt>+define
<key>,...</tt> to remove definitions previously created. Use
<tt>+define "*"</tt> to remove all existing definitions.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The following definitions may be created:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<dl>
<dt>bmp:allow-jpeg={true|false}</dt>
<dd>If the bmp:allow-jpeg value is set to true, then enable BMP files
using JPEG compression, under control of the compression option (which
may be JPEG already if the input file is JPEG). JPEG-compressed BMP
files are very rare so this option acts as a safeguard to assure that
the current compression setting does not accidentally produce
JPEG-compressed BMP files which most other software is unable to read.
</dd>
<dt>cineon:colorspace={rgb|cineonlog}</dt>
<dd>Use the cineon:colorspace option when reading a Cineon file to
specify the colorspace the Cineon file uses. This overrides the colorspace
type implied by the DPX header (if any).
</dd>
<dt>dpx:bits-per-sample=<value></dt>
<dd>If the dpx:bits-per-sample key is defined, GraphicsMagick will write
DPX images with the specified bits per sample, overriding any existing
depth value. If this option is not specified, then the value is based on
the existing image depth value from the original image file. The DPX
standard supports bits per sample values of 1, 8, 10, 12, and 16. Many
DPX readers demand a sample size of 10 bits with type A padding (see
below).
</dd>
<dt>dpx:colorspace={rgb|cineonlog}</dt>
<dd>Use the dpx:colorspace option when reading a DPX file to
specify the colorspace the DPX file uses. This overrides the colorspace
type implied by the DPX header (if any).
</dd>
<dt>dpx:packing-method={packed|a|b|lsbpad|msbpad}</dt>
<dd>DPX samples are output within 32-bit words. They may be tightly
packed end-to-end within the words ("packed"), padded with null bits to
the right of the sample ("a" or "lsbpad"), or padded with null bits to the
left of the sample ("b" or "msbpad"). This option only has an effect for
sample sizes of 10 or 12 bits. If samples are not packed, the DPX
standard recommends type A padding. Many DPX readers demand a sample size
of 10 bits with type A padding.
</dd>
<dt>dpx:pixel-endian={lsb|msb}</dt>
<dd>Allows the user to specify the endian order of the pixels when
reading or writing the DPX files. Sometimes this is useful if the file is
(or must be) written incorrectly so that the file header and the pixels
use different endianness.
</dd>
<dt>dpx:swap-samples={true|false}</dt>
<dt>dpx:swap-samples-read={true|false}</dt>
<dt>dpx:swap-samples-write={true|false}</dt>
<dd>GraphicsMagick strives to adhere to the DPX standard but certain
aspects of the standard can be quite confusing. As a result, some
10-bit DPX files have Red and Blue interchanged, or Cb and Cr
interchanged due to an different interpretation of the standard, or
getting the wires crossed. The swap-samples option may be supplied
when reading or writing in order to read or write using the necessary
sample order. Use swap-samples-read when swapping should only occur
in the reader, or swap-samples-write when swapping should only occur
in the writer.
</dd>
<dt>heif:ignore-transformations={true|false}</dt>
<dd>
Return HEIF (e.g. HEIC/AVIF) image without any transformations (e.g. rotation) applied.
</dd>
<dt>gradient:direction={South|North|West|East|NorthWest|NorthEast|SouthWest|SouthEast}</dt>
<dd>By default, the gradient coder produces a gradient from top to
bottom ("South"). Since GraphicsMagick 1.3.35, the gradient direction
may be specified to produce gradient vectors according to a
gravity-like specification. The arguments are <strong>South</strong> (Top to
Bottom), <strong>North</strong> (Bottom to Top), <strong>West</strong> (Right to Left),
<strong>East</strong> (Left to Right), <strong>NorthWest</strong> (Bottom-Right to
Top-Left), <strong>NorthEast</strong> (Bottom-Left to Top-Right),
<strong>SouthWest</strong> (Top-Right Bottom-Left), and <strong>SouthEast</strong>
(Top-Left to Bottom-Right).
</dd>
<dt>jp2:rate=<value></dt>
<dd>Specify the compression factor to use while writing JPEG-2000
files. The compression factor is the reciprocal of the compression
ratio. The valid range is 0.0 to 1.0, with 1.0 indicating lossless
compression. If defined, this value overrides the -quality
setting. The default quality setting of 75 results in a rate value of
0.06641.
</dd>
<dt>jpeg:arithmetic-coding={true|false}</dt>
<dd>Enables or disables arithmetic encoding if the JPEG library
supports it (default disabled). When this is enabled, optimize-coding
is necessarily disabled.
</dd>
<dt>jpeg:block-smoothing={true|false}</dt>
<dd>Enables or disables block smoothing when reading a JPEG file
(default enabled).
</dd>
<dt>jpeg:dct-method=<value></dt>
<dd>Selects the IJG JPEG library DCT implementation to use. The
encoding implementations vary in speed and encoding error. The
available choices for <strong>value</strong> are <strong>islow</strong>, <strong>ifast</strong>,
<strong>float</strong>, <strong>default</strong> and <strong>fastest</strong>. Note that
<strong>fastest</strong> might not necessarily be fastest on your CPU, depending
on the choices made when the JPEG library was built and how your CPU
behaves.
</dd>
<dt>jpeg:fancy-upsampling={true|false}</dt>
<dd>Enables or disables fancy upsampling when reading a JPEG file
(default enabled).
</dd>
<dt>jpeg:max-scan-number=<value></dt>
<dd>Specifies an integer value for the maximum number of progressive
scans allowed in a JPEG file. The default maximum is 100 scans. This
limit is imposed due to a weakness in the JPEG standard which allows
small JPEG files to take many minutes or hours to be read.
</dd>
<dt>jpeg:max-warnings=<value></dt>
<dd>Specifies an integer value for how many warnings are allowed for
any given error type before being promoted to a hard error. JPEG
files producing excessive warnings indicate a problem with the file.
</dd>
<dt>jpeg:optimize-coding={true|false}</dt>
<dd>Selects if huffman encoding should be used. Huffman encoding is enabled
by default, but may be disabled for very large images since it encoding
requires that the entire image be buffered in memory. Huffman encoding
produces smaller JPEG files at the expense of added compression time and
memory consumption.
</dd>
<dt>jpeg:preserve-settings</dt>
<dd>If the jpeg:preserve-settings flag is defined, the JPEG encoder will
use the same "quality" and "sampling-factor" settings that were found
in the input file, if the input was in JPEG format. These settings are
also preserved if the input is a JPEG file and the output is a JNG
file. If the colorspace of the output file differs from that of the
input file, the quality setting is preserved but the sampling-factors
are not.
</dd>
<dt>pcl:fit-to-page</dt>
<dd>If the pcl:fit-to-page flag is defined, then the printer is
requested to scale the image to fit the page size (width and/or
height).</dd>
<dt>png:chunk-malloc-max=<value></dt>
<dd>png:chunk-malloc-max specifies the maximum chunk size that libpng
will be allowed to read. Libpng's default is normally 8,000,000
bytes. Very rarely, a valid PNG file may be encountered where the
error is reported "chunk data is too large". In this case, the limit
may be increased using this option. Take care when increasing this
limit since an excessively large limit could allow untrusted files to
use excessive memory.
</dd>
<dt>mng:maximum-loops=<value></dt>
<dd>mng:maximum-loops specifies the maximum number of loops allowed to
be specified by a MNG LOOP chunk. Without an imposed limit, a MNG file
could request up to 2147483647 loops, which could run for a very long
time. The current default limit is 512 loops.
</dd>
<dt>pdf:use-cropbox={true|false}</dt>
<dd>If the pdf:use-cropbox flag is set to <strong>true</strong>, then
Ghostscript is requested to apply the PDF crop box.
</dd>
<dt>pdf:stop-on-error={true|false}</dt>
<dd>If the pdf:stop-on-error flag is set to <strong>true</strong>, then
Ghostscript is requested to stop processing the PDF when the first
error is encountered. Otherwise it will attempt to process all
requested pages.
</dd>
<dt>ps:imagemask</dt>
<dd>If the ps:imagemask flag is defined, the PS3 and EPS3 coders will
create Postscript files that render bilevel images with the Postscript
imagemask operator instead of the image operator.
</dd>
<dt>ptif:minimum-geometry=<geometry></dt>
<dd>If the ptif:minimum-geometry key is defined, GraphicsMagick will
use it to determine the minimum frame size to output when writing a
pyramid TIFF file (a TIFF file containing a succession of reduced
versions of the first frame). The default minimum geometry is 32x32.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:alpha={unspecified|associated|unassociated}</dt>
<dd>Specify the TIFF alpha channel type when reading or writing TIFF files,
overriding the normal value. The default alpha channel type for new files
is unspecified alpha. Existing alpha settings are preserved when
converting from one TIFF file to another. When a TIFF file uses
associated alpha, the image pixels are pre-multiplied (i.e. altered) with
the alpha channel. Files with "associated" alpha appear as if they were
alpha composited on a black background when the matte channel is
disabled. If the unassociated alpha type is selected, then the alpha
channel is saved without altering the pixels. Photoshop recognizes
associated alpha as transparency information, if the file is saved with
unassociated alpha, the alpha information is loaded as an independent
channel. Note that for many years, ImageMagick and GraphicsMagick marked
TIFF files as using associated alpha, without properly pre-multiplying
the pixels.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:fill-order={msb2lsb|lsb2msb}</dt>
<dd>If the tiff:fill-order key is defined, GraphicsMagick will use it to
determine the bit fill order used while writing TIFF files. The normal default
is "msb2lsb", which matches the native bit order of all modern CPUs. The
only exception to this is when Group3 or Group4 FAX compression is
requested since FAX machines send data in bit-reversed order and
therefore RFC 2301 recommends using reverse order.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:group-three-options=<value></dt>
<dd>If the tiff:group-three-options key is defined, GraphicsMagick
will use it to set the group3 options tag when writing
group3-compressed TIFF. Please see the TIFF specification for the
usage of this tag. The default value is 4.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:ignore-tags=<tags></dt>
<dd>If the tiff:ignore-tags key is defined, then it is used as a list
of comma-delimited integer TIFF tag values to ignore while reading the
TIFF file. This is useful in order to be able to read files which
which otherwise fail to read due to problems with TIFF tags. Note
that some TIFF tags are required in order to be able to read the image
data at all.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:photometric={minisblack|miniswhite}</dt>
<dd>For grayscale and bilevel images, GraphicsMagick normally chooses
the photometric based on bit depth and compression. If the
tiff:photometric key is defined, GraphicsMagick will use it to
determine the photometric used while writing grayscale and bilevel
images. Normally bilevel images are miniswhite and grayscale images
are minisblack.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:report-warnings={false|true}</dt>
<dd>If the tiff:report-warnings key is defined and set to <strong>true</strong>,
then TIFF warnings are reported as a warning exception rather than as
a coder log message. Such warnings are reported after the image has
been read or written. Most TIFF warnings are benign but sometimes
they may help deduce problems with the TIFF file, or help detect that
the TIFF file requires a special application to read successfully due
to the use of proprietary or specialized extensions.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:sample-format={unsigned|ieeefp}</dt>
<dd>If the tiff:sample-format key is defined, GraphicsMagick will use it to
determine the sample format used while writing TIFF files. The default is
"unsigned". Specify "ieeefp" in order to write floating-point TIFF
files with float (32-bit) or double (64-bit) values. Use the
tiff:bits-per-sample define to determine the type of floating-point value
to use.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:max-sample-value=<value></dt>
<dd>If the tiff:max-sample-value key is defined, GraphicsMagick will use the
assigned value as the maximum floating point value while reading or
writing IEEE floating point TIFFs. Otherwise the maximum value is 1.0 or
the value obtained from the file's SMaxSampleValue tag (if present). The
floating point data is currently not scanned in advance to determine a
best maximum sample value so if the range is not 1.0, or the
SMaxSampleValue tag is not present, it may be necessary to
(intelligently) use this parameter to properly read a file.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:min-sample-value=<value></dt>
<dd>If the tiff:min-sample-value key is defined, GraphicsMagick will use
the assigned value as the minimum floating point value while reading or
writing IEEE floating point TIFFs. Otherwise the minimum value is 0.0 or
the value obtained from the file's SMinSampleValue tag (if present).
</dd>
<dt>tiff:bits-per-sample=<value></dt>
<dd>If the tiff:bits-per-sample key is defined, GraphicsMagick will write
images with the specified bits per sample, overriding any existing depth
value. Value may be any in the range of 1 to 32, or 64 when the default
'unsigned' format is written, or 16/32/24/64 if IEEEFP format is written.
Please note that the baseline TIFF 6.0 specification only requires
readers to handle certain powers of two, and the values to be handled
depend on the nature of the image (e.g. colormapped, grayscale, RGB, CMYK).
</dd>
<dt>tiff:samples-per-pixel=<value></dt>
<dd>If the tiff:samples-per-pixel key is defined to a value, the TIFF coder
will write TIFF images with the defined samples per pixel, overriding any
value stored in the image. This option should not normally be used.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:rows-per-strip=<value></dt>
<dd>Allows the user to specify the number of rows per TIFF strip.
Rounded up to a multiple of 16 when using JPEG compression. Ignored when
using tiles.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:strip-per-page=true</dt>
<dd>Requests that the image is written in a single TIFF strip. This is
normally the default when group3 or group4 compression is requested
within reasonable limits. Requesting a single strip for large images may
result in failure due to resource consumption in the writer or reader.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:tile</dt>
<dd>Enable writing tiled TIFF (rather than stripped) using the default tile
size. Tiled TIFF organizes the image as an array of smaller images
(tiles) in order to enable random access.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:tile-geometry=<width>x<height></dt>
<dd>Specify the tile size to use while writing tiled TIFF. Width and
height should be a multiple of 16. If the value is not a multiple of 16,
then it will be rounded down. Enables tiled TIFF if it has not already
been enabled. GraphicsMagick does not use tiled storage internally so
tiles need to be converted back and forth from the internal
scanline-oriented storage to tile-oriented storage. Testing with typical
RGB images shows that useful square tile size values range from 128x128
to 1024x1024. Large images which require using a disk-based pixel cache
benefit from large tile sizes while images which fit in memory work well
with smaller tile sizes.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:tile-width=<width></dt>
<dd>Specify the tile width to use while writing tiled TIFF. The tile height
is then defaulted to an appropriate size. Width should be a multiple of
16. If the value is not a multiple of 16, then it will be rounded down.
Enables tiled TIFF if it has not already been enabled.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:tile-height=<height></dt>
<dd>Specify the tile height to use while writing tiled TIFF. The tile width
is then defaulted to an appropriate size. Height should be a multiple of
16. If the value is not a multiple of 16, then it will be rounded down.
Enables tiled TIFF if it has not already been enabled.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:webp-lossless={TRUE|FALSE}</dt>
<dd>Specify a value of <strong>TRUE</strong> to enable lossless mode while
writing WebP-compressed TIFF files. The WebP <strong>webp:lossless</strong>
option may also be used. The quality factor set by the
<strong>-quality</strong> option may be used to influence the level of effort
expended while compressing.
</dd>
<dt>tiff:zstd-compress-level=<value></dt>
<dd>Specify the compression level to use while writing Zstd-compressed
TIFF files. The valid range is 1 to 22. If this define is not
specified, then the 'quality' value is used such that the default
quality setting of 75 is translated to a compress level of 9 such that
'quality' has a useful range of 10-184 if used for this purpose.
</dd>
<dt>webp:lossless={true|false}</dt>
<dd>Enable lossless encoding.
</dd>
<dt>webp:method={0-6}</dt>
<dd>Quality/speed trade-off.
</dd>
<dt>webp:image-hint={default,graph,photo,picture}</dt>
<dd>Hint for image type.
</dd>
<dt>webp:target-size=<integer></dt>
<dd>Target size in bytes.
</dd>
<dt>webp:target-psnr=<float></dt>
<dd>Minimal distortion to try to achieve.
</dd>
<dt>webp:segments={1-4}</dt>
<dd>Maximum number of segments to use.
</dd>
<dt>webp:sns-strength={0-100}</dt>
<dd>Spatial Noise Shaping.
</dd>
<dt>webp:filter-strength={0-100}</dt>
<dd>Filter strength.
</dd>
<dt>webp:filter-sharpness={0-7}</dt>
<dd>Filter sharpness.
</dd>
<dt>webp:filter-type={0,1}</dt>
<dd>Filtering type. 0 = simple, 1 = strong (only used if
filter-strength > 0 or autofilter is enabled).
</dd>
<dt>webp:auto-filter={true|false}</dt>
<dd>Auto adjust filter's strength.
</dd>
<dt>webp:alpha-compression=<integer></dt>
<dd>Algorithm for encoding the alpha plane (0 = none, 1 = compressed
with WebP lossless). Default is 1.
</dd>
<dt>webp:alpha-filtering=<integer></dt>
<dd>Predictive filtering method for alpha plane. 0: none, 1: fast, 2:
best. Default is 1.
</dd>
<dt>webp:alpha-quality={0-100}</dt>
<dd>Between 0 (smallest size) and 100 (lossless). Default is 100.
</dd>
<dt>webp:pass=[1..10]</dt>
<dd>Number of entropy-analysis passes.
</dd>
<dt>webp:show-compressed={true|false}</dt>
<dd>Export the compressed picture back. In-loop filtering is not
applied.
</dd>
<dt>webp:preprocessing=[0,1,2]</dt>
<dd>0=none, 1=segment-smooth, 2=pseudo-random dithering
</dd>
<dt>webp:partitions=[0-3]</dt>
<dd>log2(number of token partitions) in [0..3]. Default is 0 for
easier progressive decoding.
</dd>
<dt>webp:partition-limit={0-100}</dt>
<dd>Quality degradation allowed to fit the 512k limit on prediction
modes coding (0: no degradation, 100: maximum possible
degradation).
</dd>
<dt>webp:emulate-jpeg-size={true|false}</dt>
<dd>If true, compression parameters will be remapped to better match
the expected output size from JPEG compression. Generally, the output
size will be similar but the degradation will be lower.
</dd>
<dt>webp:thread-level=<integer></dt>
<dd>If non-zero, try and use multi-threaded encoding.
</dd>
<dt>webp:low-memory={true|false}</dt>
<dd>If set, reduce memory usage (but increase CPU use)
</dd>
<dt>webp:use-sharp-yuv={true|false}</dt>
<dd>If set, if needed, use sharp (and slow) RGB->YUV conversion
</dd>
</dl>
</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example, to create a postscript file that will render only the black
pixels of a bilevel image, use:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert bilevel.tif -define ps:imagemask eps3:stencil.ps
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-delay"></a>-delay <i><1/100ths of a second></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>display the next image after pausing</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option is useful for regulating the animation of image sequences
<em>Delay/100</em> seconds must expire before the display
of the next image. The default is no delay between each showing of the
image sequence. The maximum delay is 65535.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
You can specify a delay range (e.g. <em>-delay 10-500</em>) which sets the
minimum and maximum delay.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-density"></a>-density <i><width>x<height></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>horizontal and vertical resolution in pixels of the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">This option specifies the image resolution to store while encoding a
raster image or the canvas resolution while rendering (reading) vector
formats such as Postscript, PDF, WMF, and SVG into a raster image. Image
resolution provides the unit of measure to apply when rendering to an
output device or raster image. The default unit of measure is in dots
per inch (DPI). The <strong>-units</strong> option may be used to select dots per
centimeter instead.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"> The default resolution is 72 dots per inch, which is equivalent to
one point per pixel (Macintosh and Postscript standard). Computer
screens are normally 72 or 96 dots per inch while printers typically
support 150, 300, 600, or 1200 dots per inch. To determine the
resolution of your display, use a ruler to measure the width of your
screen in inches, and divide by the number of horizontal pixels (1024 on
a 1024x768 display).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">If the file format supports it, this option may be used to update
the stored image resolution. Note that Photoshop stores and obtains
image resolution from a proprietary embedded profile. If this profile is
not stripped from the image, then Photoshop will continue to treat the
image using its former resolution, ignoring the image resolution
specified in the standard file header.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">The density option is an attribute and does not alter the underlying
raster image. It may be used to adjust the rendered size for desktop
publishing purposes by adjusting the scale applied to the pixels. To
resize the image so that it is the same size at a different resolution,
use the <strong>-resample</strong> option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-depth"></a>-depth <i><value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>depth of the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This is the number of bits of color to preserve in the image. Any value
between 1 and <strong>QuantumDepth</strong> (build option) may be specified,
although 8 or 16 are the most common values. Use this option to specify
the depth of raw images whose depth is unknown such as GRAY, RGB, or
CMYK, or to change the depth of any image after it has been read.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">The depth option is applied to the pixels immediately so it may be
used as a form of simple compression by discarding the least significant
bits. Reducing the depth in advance may speed up color quantization, and
help create smaller file sizes when using a compression algorithm like
LZW or ZIP.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-descend
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>obtain image by descending window hierarchy</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-despeckle
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>reduce the speckles within an image</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-displace"></a>-displace <i><horizontal scale>x<vertical scale></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>shift image pixels as defined by a displacement map</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
With this option, <em>composite image</em> is used as a displacement map. Black,
within the displacement map, is a maximum positive displacement. White is a
maximum negative displacement and middle gray is neutral. The displacement
is scaled to determine the pixel shift. By default, the displacement applies
in both the horizontal and vertical directions. However, if you specify
<em>mask</em>, <em>composite image</em> is the horizontal X displacement and
<em>mask</em> the vertical Y displacement.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-display"></a>-display <i><host:display[.screen]></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>specifies the X server to contact</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option is used with convert for
obtaining image or font from this X server. See <em>X(1)</em>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-dispose"></a>-dispose <i><method></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>GIF disposal method</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The Disposal Method indicates the way in which the graphic is to
be treated after being displayed.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Here are the valid methods:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
Undefined No disposal specified.
None Do not dispose between frames.
Background Overwrite the image area with
the background color.
Previous Overwrite the image area with
what was there prior to rendering
the image.
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-dissolve"></a>-dissolve <i><percent></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>dissolve an image into another by the given percent</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The opacity of the composite image is multiplied by the given percent,
then it is composited over the main image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-dither"></a>-dither
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>apply Floyd/Steinberg error diffusion to the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The basic strategy of dithering is to trade intensity resolution for spatial
resolution by averaging the intensities of several neighboring pixels.
Images which suffer from severe contouring when reducing colors can be
improved with this option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-colors</strong> or <strong>-monochrome</strong> option is required for this option
to take effect.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>+dither</strong> to turn off dithering and to render PostScript
without text or graphic aliasing. Disabling dithering often (but not
always) leads to decreased processing time.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-draw"></a>-draw <i><string></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to annotate an image with one or more graphic primitives.
The primitives include shapes, text, transformations,
and pixel operations. The shape primitives are</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
point x,y
line x0,y0 x1,y1
rectangle x0,y0 x1,y1
roundRectangle x0,y0 x1,y1 wc,hc
arc x0,y0 x1,y1 a0,a1
ellipse x0,y0 rx,ry a0,a1
circle x0,y0 x1,y1
polyline x0,y0 ... xn,yn
polygon x0,y0 ... xn,yn
Bezier x0,y0 ... xn,yn
path path specification
image operator x0,y0 w,h filename
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The text primitive is</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
text x0,y0 string
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The text gravity primitive is</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gravity NorthWest, North, NorthEast, West, Center,
East, SouthWest, South, or SouthEast
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The text gravity primitive only affects the placement of text and
does not interact with the other primitives. It is equivalent to
using the <strong>-gravity</strong> commandline option, except that it is
limited in scope to the <strong>-draw</strong> option in which it appears.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The transformation primitives are</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
rotate degrees
translate dx,dy
scale sx,sy
skewX degrees
skewY degrees
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The pixel operation primitives are</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
color x0,y0 method
matte x0,y0 method
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The shape primitives are drawn in the color specified in the preceding
<strong>-stroke</strong> option. Except for the <strong>line</strong> and <strong>point</strong>
primitives, they are filled with the color specified in the preceding
<strong>-fill</strong> option. For unfilled shapes, use <tt>-fill none</tt></font></td></tr></table>.
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>Point</strong> requires a single coordinate.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>Line</strong> requires a start and end coordinate.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>Rectangle</strong>
expects an upper left and lower right coordinate.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>RoundRectangle</strong> has the upper left and lower right coordinates
and the width and height of the corners.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>Circle</strong> has a center coordinate and a coordinate for
the outer edge.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>Arc</strong> to inscribe an elliptical arc within
a rectangle. Arcs require a start and end point as well as the degree
of rotation (e.g. 130,30 200,100 45,90).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>Ellipse</strong> to draw a partial ellipse
centered at the given point with the x-axis and y-axis radius
and start and end of arc in degrees (e.g. 100,100 100,150 0,360).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Finally, <strong>polyline</strong> and <strong>polygon</strong> require
three or more coordinates to define its boundaries.
Coordinates are integers separated by an optional comma. For example,
to define a circle centered at 100,100
that extends to 150,150 use:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
-draw 'circle 100,100 150,150'
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>Paths</strong>
(See <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/paths.html">Paths</a>)
represent an outline of an object which is defined in terms of
moveto (set a new current point), lineto (draw a straight line),
curveto (draw a curve using a cubic Bezier), arc (elliptical or
circular arc) and closepath (close the current shape by drawing a line
to the last moveto) elements. Compound paths (i.e., a path with
subpaths, each consisting of a single moveto followed by one or more
line or curve operations) are possible to allow effects such as
"donut holes" in objects.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>image</strong> to composite an image with another image. Follow the
image keyword with the composite operator, image location, image size,
and filename:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
-draw 'image Over 100,100 225,225 image.jpg'
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
You can use 0,0 for the image size, which means to use the actual
dimensions found in the image header. Otherwise, it will
be scaled to the given dimensions.
See <strong>-compose</strong> for a description of the composite operators.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>text</strong> to annotate an image with text. Follow the text
coordinates with a string. If the string has embedded spaces, enclose it
in single or double quotes. Optionally you can include the image
filename, type, width, height, or other image attribute by embedding
special format character. See <strong>-comment</strong> for details.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example,
</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
-draw 'text 100,100 "%m:%f %wx%h"'
</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
annotates the image with <tt>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</tt> for an image titled
<tt>bird.miff</tt>
and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If the first character of <em>string</em> is <em>@</em>, the text is read
from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string. Please
note that if the string comes from an untrusted source that it should
be sanitized before use (a security risk).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>Rotate</strong> rotates subsequent shape primitives and text primitives about
the origin of the main image. If the <strong>-region</strong> option precedes the
<strong>-draw</strong> option, the origin for transformations is the upper left
corner of the region.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>Translate</strong> translates them.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>Scale</strong> scales them.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>SkewX</strong> and <strong>SkewY</strong> skew them with respect to the origin of
the main image or the region.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The transformations modify the current affine matrix, which is initialized
from the initial affine matrix defined by the <strong>-affine</strong> option.
Transformations are cumulative within the <strong>-draw</strong> option.
The initial affine matrix is not affected; that matrix is only changed by the
appearance of another <strong>-affine</strong> option. If another <strong>-draw</strong>
option appears, the current affine matrix is reinitialized from
the initial affine matrix.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>color</strong> to change the color of a pixel to the fill color (see
<strong>-fill</strong>). Follow the pixel coordinate
with a method:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
point
replace
floodfill
filltoborder
reset
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Consider the target pixel as that specified by your coordinate. The
<strong>point</strong>
method recolors the target pixel. The <strong>replace</strong> method recolors any
pixel that matches the color of the target pixel.
<strong>Floodfill</strong> recolors
any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel and is a neighbor,
whereas <strong>filltoborder</strong> recolors any neighbor pixel that is not the
border color. Finally, <strong>reset</strong> recolors all pixels.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>matte</strong> to the change the pixel matte value to transparent. Follow
the pixel coordinate with a method (see the <strong>color</strong> primitive for
a description of methods). The <strong>point</strong> method changes the matte value
of the target pixel. The <strong>replace</strong> method changes the matte value
of any pixel that matches the color of the target pixel. <strong>Floodfill</strong>
changes the matte value of any pixel that matches the color of the target
pixel and is a neighbor, whereas
<strong>filltoborder</strong> changes the matte
value of any neighbor pixel that is not the border color (<strong>-bordercolor</strong>).
Finally <strong>reset</strong> changes the matte value of all pixels.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
You can set the primitive color, font, and font bounding box
color with
<strong>-fill</strong>, <strong>-font</strong>, and <strong>-box</strong> respectively. Options
are processed in command line order so be sure to use these
options <em>before</em> the <strong>-draw</strong> option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-edge <i><radius></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>detect edges within an image</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-emboss <i><radius></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>emboss an image</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-encoding"></a>-encoding <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>specify the text encoding</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choose from <em>AdobeCustom, AdobeExpert, AdobeStandard, AppleRoman,
BIG5, GB2312, Latin 2, None, SJIScode, Symbol, Unicode, Wansung.</em></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-endian"></a>-endian <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>specify endianness (MSB, LSB, or Native) of image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<em>MSB</em> indicates big-endian (e.g. SPARC, Motorola 68K) while
<em>LSB</em> indicates little-endian (e.g. Intel 'x86, VAX) byte
ordering. <em>Native</em> indicates to use the normal ordering for the
current CPU. This option currently only influences the CMYK, DPX,
GRAY, RGB, and TIFF, formats.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>+endian</strong> to revert to unspecified endianness.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-enhance
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>apply a digital filter to enhance a noisy image</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-equalize
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>perform histogram equalization to the image</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-extent"></a>-extent <i><width>x<height></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><x></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><y></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>composite image on background color canvas image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option composites the image on a new background color
(<strong>-background</strong>) canvas image of size <width>x<height>. The
existing image content is composited at the position specified by
geometry x and y offset and/or desired gravity (<strong>-gravity</strong>) using
the current image compose (<strong>-compose</strong>) method. Image content
which falls outside the bounds of the new image dimensions is
discarded.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example, this command creates a thumbnail of an image, and centers
it on a red color backdrop image, offsetting the canvas ten pixels to
the left and five pixels up, with respect to the thumbnail:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert infile.jpg -thumbnail 120x80 -background red -gravity center \
-extent 140x100-10-5 outfile.jpg
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This command reduces or expands a JPEG image to fit on an 800x600
display: </font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert -size 800x600 input.jpg \
-resize 800x600 -background black \
-compose Copy -gravity center \
-extent 800x600 \
-quality 92 output.jpg
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If the aspect ratio of the input image isn't exactly 4:3, then the
image is centered on an 800x600 black canvas. </font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-file"></a>-file <i><filename></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>write annotated difference image to file</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If <strong>-file</strong> is specified, then an annotated difference image is
generated and written to the specified file. Pixels which differ between
the <strong>reference</strong> and <strong>compare</strong> images are modified from those in
the <strong>compare</strong> image so that the changed pixels become more obvious.
Some images may require use of an alternative highlight style (see
<strong>-highlight-style</strong>) or highlight color (see <strong>-highlight-color</strong>)
before the changes are obvious.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-fill"></a>-fill <i><color></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>color to use when filling a graphic primitive</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Colors are represented in GraphicsMagick in the same form used by SVG. Use "gm convert -list color" to list named colors:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
name (named color)
#RGB (hex numbers, 4 bits each)
#RRGGBB (8 bits each)
#RRRGGGBBB (12 bits each)
#RRRRGGGGBBBB (16 bits each)
#RGBA (4 bits each)
#RRGGBBAA (8 bits each)
#RRRGGGBBBAAA (12 bits each)
#RRRRGGGGBBBBAAAA (16 bits each)
rgb(r,g,b) (r,g,b are decimal numbers)
rgba(r,g,b,a) (r,g,b,a are decimal numbers)
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Enclose the color specification in quotation marks to prevent the "#"
or the parentheses from being interpreted by your shell.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example,</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert -fill blue ...
gm convert -fill "#ddddff" ...
gm convert -fill "rgb(65000,65000,65535)" ...
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The shorter forms are scaled up, if necessary by replication. For example,
#3af, #33aaff, and #3333aaaaffff are all equivalent.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
See <strong>-draw</strong> for further details.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-filter"></a>-filter <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>use this type of filter when resizing an image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to affect the resizing operation of an image (see
<strong>-geometry</strong>).
Choose from these filters (ordered by approximate increasing CPU
time):</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
Point
Box
Triangle
Hermite
Hanning
Hamming
Blackman
Gaussian
Quadratic
Cubic
Catrom
Mitchell
Lanczos
Bessel
Sinc
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The default filter is automatically selected to provide the best quality
while consuming a reasonable amount of time. The <strong>Mitchell</strong> filter
is used if the image supports a palette, supports a matte channel, or is
being enlarged, otherwise the <strong>Lanczos</strong> filter is used.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-flatten"></a>-flatten
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>flatten a sequence of images</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
In some file formats (e.g. Photoshop's PSD) complex images may be
represented by "layers" (independent images) which must be composited
in order to obtain the final rendition. The <strong>-flatten</strong> option
accomplishes this composition. The sequence of images is replaced by
a single image created by compositing each image in turn, while
respecting composition operators and page offsets. While
<strong>-flatten</strong> is immediately useful for eliminating layers, it is
also useful as a general-purpose composition tool.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The sequence of images is terminated by the appearance of any option.
If the <strong>-flatten</strong> option appears after all of the input images,
all images are flattened. Also see <strong>-mosaic</strong> which is similar to
<strong>-flatten</strong> except that it adds a suitably-sized canvas base
image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example, this composites an image on top of a 640x400 transparent
black canvas image:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert -size 640x300 xc:transparent \
-compose over -page +0-100 \
frame.png -flatten output.png
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
and this flattens a Photoshop PSD file:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert input.psd -flatten output.png
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-flip"></a>-flip
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>create a "mirror image"</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
reflect the scanlines in the vertical direction.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-flop"></a>-flop
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>create a "mirror image"</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
reflect the scanlines in the horizontal direction.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-font"></a>-font <i><name></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>use this font when annotating the image with text</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or X11
font. For example, <tt>Arial.ttf</tt> is a TrueType font, <tt>ps:helvetica</tt>
is PostScript, and <tt>x:fixed</tt> is X11.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-foreground"></a>-foreground <i><color></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>define the foreground color</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The color is specified using the format described under the <strong>-fill</strong>
option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-format"></a>-format <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the image format type</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When used with the <strong>mogrify</strong> utility,
this option will convert any image to the image format you specify.
See <em>GraphicsMagick(1)</em> for a list of image format types supported by
<strong>GraphicsMagick</strong>, or see the output of 'gm -list format'.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
By default the file is written to its original name. However, if the
filename extension matches a supported format, the extension is replaced
with the image format type specified with <strong>-format</strong>. For example,
if you specify <em>tiff</em> as the format type and the input image
filename is <em>image.gif</em>, the output image filename becomes
<em>image.tiff</em>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-format"></a>-format <i><string></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>output formatted image characteristics</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When used with the <strong>identify</strong> utility, or the <strong>convert</strong>
utility with output written to the 'info:-' file specification, use
this option to print information about the image in a format of your
choosing. You can include the image filename, type, width, height,
Exif data, or other image attributes by embedding special format
characters:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
%b file size
%c comment
%d directory
%e filename extension
%f filename
%g page dimensions and offsets
%h height
%i input filename
%k number of unique colors
%l label
%m magick
%n number of scenes
%o output filename
%p page number
%q image bit depth
%r image type description
%s scene number
%t top of filename
%u unique temporary filename
%w width
%x horizontal resolution
%y vertical resolution
%A transparency supported
%C compression type
%D GIF disposal method
%G Original width and height
%H page height
%M original filename specification
%O page offset (x,y)
%P page dimensions (width,height)
%Q compression quality
%T time delay (in centi-seconds)
%U resolution units
%W page width
%X page horizontal offset (x)
%Y page vertical offset (y)
%@ trim bounding box
%# signature
\n newline
\r carriage return
%% %
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example,</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
-format "%m:%f %wx%h"
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
displays <strong>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</strong> for an image
titled <strong>bird.miff</strong> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If the first character of <em>string</em> is <strong>@</strong>, the format is
read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.
Please note that if the string comes from an untrusted source that it
should be sanitized before use since this may be used to incorporate
any readable file on the system (a security risk).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The values of image type (<strong>%r</strong>) which may be returned include:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
Bilevel
Grayscale
GrayscaleMatte
Palette
PaletteMatte
TrueColor
TrueColorMatte
ColorSeparation
ColorSeparationMatte
Optimize
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
You can also use the following special formatting syntax to print Exif
information contained in the file:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
%[EXIF:<tag>]
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Where "<tag>" may be one of the following:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
* (print all Exif tags, in keyword=data format)
! (print all Exif tags, in tag_number format)
#hhhh (print data for Exif tag #hhhh)
ImageWidth
ImageLength
BitsPerSample
Compression
PhotometricInterpretation
FillOrder
DocumentName
ImageDescription
Make
Model
StripOffsets
Orientation
SamplesPerPixel
RowsPerStrip
StripByteCounts
XResolution
YResolution
PlanarConfiguration
ResolutionUnit
TransferFunction
Software
DateTime
Artist
WhitePoint
PrimaryChromaticities
TransferRange
JPEGProc
JPEGInterchangeFormat
JPEGInterchangeFormatLength
YCbCrCoefficients
YCbCrSubSampling
YCbCrPositioning
ReferenceBlackWhite
CFARepeatPatternDim
CFAPattern
BatteryLevel
Copyright
ExposureTime
FNumber
IPTC/NAA
ExifOffset
InterColorProfile
ExposureProgram
SpectralSensitivity
GPSInfo
ISOSpeedRatings
OECF
ExifVersion
DateTimeOriginal
DateTimeDigitized
ComponentsConfiguration
CompressedBitsPerPixel
ShutterSpeedValue
ApertureValue
BrightnessValue
ExposureBiasValue
MaxApertureValue
SubjectDistance
MeteringMode
LightSource
Flash
FocalLength
MakerNote
UserComment
SubSecTime
SubSecTimeOriginal
SubSecTimeDigitized
FlashPixVersion
ColorSpace
ExifImageWidth
ExifImageLength
InteroperabilityOffset
FlashEnergy
SpatialFrequencyResponse
FocalPlaneXResolution
FocalPlaneYResolution
FocalPlaneResolutionUnit
SubjectLocation
ExposureIndex
SensingMethod
FileSource
SceneType
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
JPEG specific information (from reading a JPEG file) may be obtained
like this:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
%[JPEG-<tag>]
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Where "<tag>" may be one of the following:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
* (all JPEG-related tags, in
keyword=data format)
Quality IJG JPEG "quality" estimate
Colorspace JPEG colorspace numeric ID
Colorspace-Name JPEG colorspace name
Sampling-factors JPEG sampling factors
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Please note that JPEG has no notion of "quality" and that the quality
metric used by, and estimated by the software is based on the quality
metric established by IJG JPEG 6b. Other encoders (e.g. that used by
Adobe Photoshop) use different encoding metrics.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Surround the format specification with quotation marks to prevent your shell
from misinterpreting any spaces and square brackets.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-frame"></a>-frame <i><width>x<height>+<outer bevel width>+<inner bevel width></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>surround the image with an ornamental border</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
See <strong>-geometry</strong> for details about the geometry
specification. The <strong>-frame</strong> option is not affected by the
<strong>-gravity</strong> option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The color of the border is specified with the <strong>-mattecolor</strong>
command line option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-frame
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>include the X window frame in the imported image</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-fuzz"></a>-fuzz <i><distance></i>{<i>%</i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>colors within this Euclidean distance are considered equal</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
A number of algorithms search for a target color. By default the color
must be exact. Use this option to match colors that are close (in
Euclidean distance) to the target color in RGB 3D space. For example,
if you want to automatically trim the edges of an image with
<strong>-trim</strong> but the image was scanned and the target background color
may differ by a small amount. This option can account for these
differences.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <em>distance</em> can be in absolute intensity units or, by appending
<em>"%"</em>, as a percentage of the maximum possible intensity (255,
65535, or 4294967295).</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-gamma"></a>-gamma <i><value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>level of gamma correction</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The same color image displayed on two different workstations may look
different due to differences in the display monitor. Use gamma
correction to adjust for this color difference. Reasonable values extend
from <strong>0.8</strong> to <strong>2.3</strong>. Gamma less than 1.0 darkens the image and
gamma greater than 1.0 lightens it. Large adjustments to image gamma may
result in the loss of some image information if the pixel quantum size
is only eight bits (quantum range 0 to 255).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
You can apply separate gamma values to the red, green, and blue channels
of the image with a gamma value list delimited with slashes
(e.g., <strong>1.7</strong>/<strong>2.3</strong>/<strong>1.2</strong>).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>+gamma</strong> <em>value</em>
to set the image gamma level without actually adjusting
the image pixels. This option is useful if the image is of a known gamma
but not set as an image attribute (e.g. PNG images).</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-gaussian"></a>-gaussian <i><radius></i>{<i>x<sigma></i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>blur the image with a Gaussian operator</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use the given radius and standard deviation (sigma).</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-geometry"></a>-geometry <i><width>x<height></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><x></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><y></i>{<i>%</i>}<i></i>{<i>@</i>}<i></i>{<i>!</i>}<i></i>{<i>^</i>}<i></i>{<i><</i>}<i></i>{<i>></i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Specify dimension, offset, and resize options.</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-geometry</strong> option is used for a number of different
purposes, depending on the utility it is used with.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For the X11 commands ('animate', 'display', and 'import'), it
specifies the preferred size and location of the Image window. By
default, the window size is the image size and the location is chosen
by you (or your window manager) when it is mapped.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"> For the 'import', 'convert', 'mogrify' utility commands it may be
used to specify the desired size when resizing an image. In this
case, symbols representing resize options may be appended to the
geometry string to influence how the resize request is treated.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
See later notes corresponding to usage by particular commands. The
following notes apply to when <strong>-geometry</strong> is used to express a
resize request, taking into account the current properties of the
image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
By default, the width and height are maximum values. That is, the
image is expanded or contracted to fit the width and height value
while maintaining the aspect ratio of the image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Append a ^ to the geometry so that the image aspect ratio is
maintained when the image is resized, but the resulting width or
height are treated as minimum values rather than maximum values.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Append a ! (exclamation point) to the geometry to force the image size to
exactly the size you specify. For example, if you specify
<tt>640x480!</tt> the image width is set to 640 pixels and height to
480.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If only the width is specified, without the trailing 'x', then height
is set to width (e.g., <tt>-geometry 100</tt> is the same as
<tt>-geometry 100x100</tt>). If only the width is specified but with
the trailing 'x', then width assumes the value and the height is
chosen to maintain the aspect ratio of the image. Similarly, if only
the height is specified prefixed by 'x' (e.g., <tt>-geometry
x256</tt>), the width is chosen to maintain the aspect ratio.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
To specify a percentage width or height instead, append %. The image size
is multiplied by the width and height percentages to obtain the final image
dimensions. To increase the size of an image, use a value greater than
100 (e.g. 125%). To decrease an image's size, use a percentage less than
100.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <tt>@</tt> to specify the maximum area in pixels of an image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <tt>></tt> to change the dimensions of the image <em>only</em> if
its width or height exceeds the geometry specification. <tt><</tt> resizes
the image <em>only</em> if both of its dimensions are less than the geometry
specification. For example,
if you specify <tt>'640x480>'</tt> and the image size is 256x256, the image
size does not change. However, if the image is 512x512 or 1024x1024, it is
resized to 480x480. Enclose the geometry specification in quotation marks to
prevent the <tt><</tt> or <tt>></tt> from being interpreted by your shell
as a file redirection.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When used with <em>animate</em> and <em>display</em>, offsets are handled in
the same manner as in <em>X(1)</em> and the <strong>-gravity</strong> option is not used.
If the <em>x</em> is negative, the offset is measured leftward
from the right edge of the
screen to the right edge of the image being displayed.
Similarly, negative <em>y</em> is measured between the bottom edges. The
offsets are not affected by "%"; they are always measured in pixels.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When used as a <em>composite</em> option, <strong>-geometry</strong>
gives the dimensions of the image and its location with respect
to the composite image. If the <strong>-gravity</strong> option is present
with <em>NorthEast, East,</em> or <em>SouthEast</em> gravity, the <em>x</em>
represents the distance from the right edge of the image to the right edge of
the composite image. Similarly, if the <strong>-gravity</strong> option is present
with <em>SouthWest, South,</em> or <em>SouthEast</em> gravity, <em>y</em>
is measured between the bottom edges. Accordingly, a positive offset will
never point in the direction outside of the image. The
offsets are not affected by "%"; they are always measured in pixels.
To specify the dimensions of the composite image, use the <strong>-resize</strong>
option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When used as a <em>convert</em>, <em>import</em> or <em>mogrify</em> option,
<strong>-geometry</strong> is synonymous with <strong>-resize</strong> and
specifies the size of the output image. The offsets, if present, are ignored.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When used as a <em>montage</em> option, <strong>-geometry</strong> specifies the image
size and border size for each tile; default is 256x256+0+0. Negative
offsets (border dimensions) are meaningless. The <strong>-gravity</strong>
option affects the placement of the image within the tile; the default
gravity for this purpose is <em>Center</em>. If the "%" sign appears in
the geometry specification, the tile size is the specified percentage of
the original dimensions of the first tile.
To specify the dimensions of the montage, use the <strong>-resize</strong>
option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-gravity"></a>-gravity <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>direction primitive gravitates to when annotating the image.</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choices are: NorthWest, North,
NorthEast, West, Center, East, SouthWest, South, SouthEast.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The direction you choose specifies where to position the text
when annotating
the image. For example <em>Center</em> gravity forces the text to be centered
within the image. By default, the image gravity is <em>NorthWest</em>.
See <strong>-draw</strong> for more details about graphic primitives. Only the
text primitive is affected by the <strong>-gravity</strong> option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-gravity</strong> option is also used in concert with the <strong>-geometry</strong>
option and other options that take <strong><geometry></strong> as a parameter, such
as the <strong>-crop</strong> option. See <strong>-geometry</strong> for details of how the
<strong>-gravity</strong> option interacts with the
<strong><x></strong> and <strong><y></strong> parameters of a geometry
specification.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When used as an option to <em>composite</em>, <strong>-gravity</strong>
gives the direction that the image gravitates within the composite.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When used as an option to <em>montage</em>, <strong>-gravity</strong> gives the direction
that an image gravitates within a tile. The default gravity is <em>Center</em>
for this purpose.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-green-primary"></a>-green-primary <i><x>,<y></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>green chromaticity primary point</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-hald-clut <i><clut></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>apply a Hald CLUT to the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
A Hald CLUT ("Color Look-Up Table") is a special square color image
which contains a look-up table for red, green, and blue. The size of
the Hald CLUT image is determined by its order. The width (and
height) of a Hald CLUT is the cube of the order. For example, a Hald
CLUT of order 8 is 512x512 pixels (262,144 colors) and of order 16 is
4096x4096 (16,777,216 colors). A special CLUT is the identity CLUT
which which causes no change to the input image. In order to use the
Hald CLUT, one takes an identity CLUT and adjusts its colors in some
way. The modified CLUT can then be used to transform any number of
images in an identical way.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
GraphicsMagick contains a built-in identity CLUT generator via the
<strong>IDENTITY</strong> coder. For example reading from the file name
</strong>IDENTITY:8</strong> returns an identity CLUT of order 8. Typical Hald
CLUT identity images have an order of between 8 and 16. The default
order for the <strong>IDENTITY</strong> CLUT generator is 8. Interpolation is
used so it is not usually necessary for CLUT images to be very large.
The PNG file format is ideal for storing Hald CLUT images because it
compresses them very well.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-help
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>print usage instructions</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-highlight-color"></a>-highlight-color <i><color></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>pixel annotation color</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Specifies the color to use when annotating difference pixels.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-highlight-style"></a>-highlight-style <i><style></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>pixel annotation style</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Specifies the pixel difference annotation style used to draw attention to
changed pixels. May be one of <strong>Assign</strong>, <strong>Threshold</strong>,
<strong>Tint</strong>, or <strong>XOR</strong>; where <strong>Assign</strong> replaces the pixel with
the highlight color (see <strong>-highlight-color</strong>), <strong>Threshold</strong>
replaces the pixel with black or white based on the difference in
intensity, <strong>Tint</strong> alpha tints the pixel with the highlight color,
and <strong>XOR</strong> does an XOR between the pixel and the highlight color.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-iconGeometry"></a>-iconGeometry <i><geometry></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>specify the icon geometry</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Offsets, if present in the geometry specification, are handled in
the same manner as the <strong>-geometry</strong> option, using X11 style to handle
negative offsets.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-iconic
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>iconic animation</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-immutable
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>make image immutable</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-implode <i><factor></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>implode image pixels about the center</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-intent"></a>-intent <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>use this type of rendering intent when managing the image color</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to affect the the color management operation of an image (see
<strong>-profile</strong>).
Choose from these intents:
<strong>Absolute, Perceptual, Relative, Saturation</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The default intent is undefined.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-interlace"></a>-interlace <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the type of interlacing scheme</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choices are: <strong>None, Line, Plane,</strong>
or <strong>Partition</strong>. The default is <strong>None</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option is used to specify the type of interlacing scheme for raw image
formats such as <strong>RGB</strong> or <strong>YUV</strong>.</font></td></tr></table><table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>None</strong> means do not interlace
(RGBRGBRGBRGBRGBRGB...),</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>Line</strong> uses scanline interlacing
(RRR...GGG...BBB...RRR...GGG...BBB...),
and</font></td></tr></table><table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>Plane</strong> uses plane interlacing (RRRRRR...GGGGGG...BBBBBB...).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>Partition</strong>
is like plane except the different planes are saved to individual files
(e.g. image.R, image.G, and image.B).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>Line</strong> to create an <strong>interlaced PNG</strong> or <strong> GIF</strong> or
<strong>progressive JPEG</strong> image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-label"></a>-label <i><name></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>assign a label to an image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to assign a specific label to the image, when writing
to an image format that supports labels, such as TIFF, PNG, MIFF, or
PostScript. You can include the the image filename, type, width, height,
or other image attribute by embedding special format character. A label
is not drawn on the image, but is embedded in the image datastream via
a "Label" tag or similar mechanism. If you want the
label to be visible on the image itself, use the <strong>-draw</strong> option.
See <strong>-comment</strong> for details.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example,</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
-label "%m:%f %wx%h"
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
produces an image label of <strong>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</strong> for an image titled
<strong>bird.miff</strong>
and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If the first character of <em>string</em> is <em>@</em>, the image label
is read from a file titled by the remaining characters in the string.
Please note that if the string comes from an untrusted source that it
should be sanitized before use since otherwise the content of an
arbitrary readable file might be incorporated into the image
label (a security risk).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If the -label option appears multiple times, only the last label is
stored.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
In PNG images, the label is stored in a <strong>tEXt</strong> or <strong>zTXt</strong> chunk
with the keyword "label".</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When converting to <em>PostScript</em>, use this option to specify a header
string to print above the image. Specify the label font with
<strong>-font</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When creating a montage, by default the label associated with an image
is displayed with the corresponding tile in the montage. Use the
<strong>+label</strong> option to suppress this behavior.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-lat"></a>-lat <i><width>x<height></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><offset></i>{<i>%</i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>perform local adaptive thresholding</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Perform local adaptive thresholding using the specified width, height,
and offset. The offset is a distance in sample space from the mean,
as an absolute integer ranging from 0 to the maximum sample value or
as a percentage. If the percent option is supplied, then the offset
is computed as a percentage of the quantum range. It is strongly
recommended to use the percent option so that results are not
sensitive to pixel quantum depth.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example,</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
-colorspace gray -lat "10x10-5%"
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
will help clarify a scanned grayscale or color document, producing a
bi-level equivalent.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-level"></a>-level <i><black_point></i>{<i>,<gamma></i>}<i></i>{<i>,<white_point></i>}<i></i>{<i>%</i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>adjust the level of image contrast</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Give one, two or three values delimited with commas: black-point, gamma,
white-point (e.g. 10,1.0,250 or 2%,0.5,98%). The black and white
points range from 0 to MaxRGB or from 0 to 100%; if the white point is
omitted it is set to MaxRGB-black_point. If a "%" sign is present
anywhere in the string, the black and white points are percentages of
MaxRGB. Gamma is an exponent that ranges from 0.1 to 10.; if it is
omitted, the default of 1.0 (no gamma correction) is assumed. This
interface works similar to Photoshop's "Image->Adjustments->Levels..."
"Input Levels" interface.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-limit"></a>-limit <i><type> <value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Disk, File, Map, Memory, Pixels, Width, Height, Read, or Threads resource limit</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
By default, resource limits are estimated based on the available
resources and capabilities of the system. The resource limits are
<strong>Disk</strong>, maximum total disk space consumed; <strong>File</strong>, maximum
number of file descriptors allowed to be open at once; <strong>Map</strong>,
maximum total number of file bytes which may be memory mapped;
<strong>Memory</strong>, maximum total number of bytes of heap memory used for
image storage; <strong>Pixels</strong>, maximum absolute image size (per image);
<strong>Width</strong>, maximum image pixels width; <strong>Height</strong>, maximum image
pixels height; <strong>Read</strong>, maximum number of uncompressed bytes to
read; and <strong>Threads</strong>, the maximum number of worker threads to use
per OpenMP thread team.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>Disk</strong> and <strong>Map</strong> resource limits are used to decide if
(for a given image) the decoded image ("pixel cache") should be stored
in heap memory (RAM), in a memory-mapped disk file, or in a disk file
accessed via read/write I/O.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The number of total pixels in one image (<strong>Pixels</strong>), and/or the
width/height (<strong>Width</strong>/<strong>Height</strong>), may be limited in order to
force the reading, or creation of images larger than the limit (in
pixels) to intentionally fail. The disk limit (<strong>Disk</strong>)
establishes an overall limit since using the disk is the means of last
resort. When the disk limit has been reached, no more images may be
read.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The amount of uncompressed data read when reading one image may be
limited by the <strong>Read</strong> limit. Reading the image fails when the
limit is hit. This option is useful if the data is read from a stream
(pipe) or from a compressed file such as a gzipped file. Some files
are very compressable and so a small compressed file can decompress to
a huge amount of data. This option also defends against files which
produce seemingly endless loops while decoding by seeking backwards in
the file.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The value argument is an absolute value, but may have standard binary
suffix characters applied ('K', 'M', 'G', 'T', 'P', 'E') to apply a
scaling to the value (based on a multiplier of 1024). Any additional
characters are ignored. For example, <tt>'-limit Pixels 10MP'</tt> limits
the maximum image size to 10 megapixels and <tt>'-limit memory 32MB
-limit map 64MB'</tt> limits memory and memory mapped files to 32
megabytes and 64 megabytes respectively.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Resource limits may also be set using environment variables. The
environment variables <strong>MAGICK_LIMIT_DISK</strong>,
<strong>MAGICK_LIMIT_FILES</strong>, <strong>MAGICK_LIMIT_MAP</strong>,
<strong>MAGICK_LIMIT_MEMORY</strong>, <strong>MAGICK_LIMIT_PIXELS</strong>,
<strong>MAGICK_LIMIT_WIDTH</strong>, <strong>MAGICK_LIMIT_HEIGHT</strong>.
<strong>MAGICK_LIMIT_READ</strong>, and <strong>OMP_NUM_THREADS</strong> may be used to
set the limits for disk space, open files, memory mapped size, heap
memory, per-image pixels, image width, image height, and threads
respectively.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use the option <tt>-list resource</tt> list the current limits.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-linewidth
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the line width for subsequent draw operations</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-list"></a>-list <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the type of list</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choices are: <strong>Color</strong>, <strong>Delegate</strong>, <strong>Format</strong>, <strong>Magic</strong>,
<strong>Module</strong>, <strong>Resource</strong>, or <strong>Type</strong>. The <strong>Module</strong> option
is only available if GraphicsMagick was built to support loadable modules.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option lists information about the GraphicsMagick configuration.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-log"></a>-log <i><string></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Specify format for debug log</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option specifies the format for the log printed when the <strong>-debug</strong>
option is active.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
You can display the following components by embedding
special format characters:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
%d domain
%e event
%f function
%l line
%m module
%p process ID
%r real CPU time
%t wall clock time
%u user CPU time
%% percent sign
\n newline
\r carriage return
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert -debug coders -log "%u %m:%l %e" in.gif out.png
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The default behavior is to print all of the components.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-loop"></a>-loop <i><iterations></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>add Netscape loop extension to your GIF animation</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
A value other than zero forces the animation to repeat itself up to
<em>iterations</em>
times.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-magnify
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>magnify the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The image size is doubled using linear interpolation.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-magnify <i><factor></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>magnify the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The displayed image is magnified by <strong>factor</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-map"></a>-map <i><filename></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>choose a particular set of colors from this image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
[<em>convert</em> or <em>mogrify</em>]</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
By default, color reduction chooses an optimal set of colors that best
represent the original image. Alternatively, you can choose a particular
set of colors from an image file with this option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use
<strong>+map</strong> to reduce
all images in the image sequence that follows to a single optimal set of colors
that best represent all the images. The sequence of images
is terminated by the appearance of any option.
If the <strong>+map</strong>
option appears after all of the input images, all images are mapped.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-map"></a>-map <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>display image using this type.</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
[<em>animate</em> or <em>display</em>]</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choose from these <em>Standard Colormap</em> types:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
best
default
gray
red
green
blue
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <em>X server</em> must support the <em>Standard Colormap</em> you choose,
otherwise an error occurs. Use <strong>list</strong> as the type and <strong>display</strong>
searches the list of colormap types in <strong>top-to-bottom</strong> order until
one is located. See <em>xstdcmap(1)</em> for one way of creating Standard
Colormaps.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-mask"></a>-mask <i><filename></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Specify a clipping mask</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The image read from the file is used as a clipping mask. It must have
the same dimensions as the image being masked.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If the mask image contains an opacity channel, the opacity of each
pixel is used to define the mask. Otherwise, the intensity (gray
level) of each pixel is used. Unmasked (black) pixels are modified
while masked pixels (not black) are protected from alteration.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>+mask</strong> to remove the clipping mask.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
It is not necessary to use <strong>-clip</strong> to activate the mask; <strong>-clip</strong>
is implied by <strong>-mask</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-matte"></a>-matte
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>store matte channel if the image has one</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If the image does not have a matte channel, create an opaque one.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>+matte</strong> to ignore the matte channel (treats it as opaque) and to avoid writing a
matte channel in the output file.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For the compare command, <strong>-matte</strong> will add an opaque matte
channel to images if they do not already have a matte channel, and
matte will be enabled for both images. Likewise, if <strong>+matte</strong> is
used, the matte channel is disabled for both images. This makes it
easier to compare images regardless of if they already have a matte
channel.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-mattecolor"></a>-mattecolor <i><color></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>specify the color to be used with the <strong>-frame</strong> option</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The color is specified using the format described under the <strong>-fill</strong>
option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-maximum-error"></a>-maximum-error <i><limit></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>specifies the maximum amount of total image error</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Specifies the maximum amount of total image error (based on comparison
using a specified metric) before an error ("image difference exceeds
limit") is reported. The error is reported via a non-zero command
execution return status.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-median <i><radius></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>apply a median filter to the image</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-metric <i><metric></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>comparison metric (MAE, MSE, PAE, PSNR, RMSE)</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-minify <i><factor></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>minify the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The image size is halved using linear interpolation.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-mode <i><value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>mode of operation</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The available montage modes are <strong>frame</strong> to place the images in a
rectangular grid while adding a decorative frame with dropshadow,
<strong>unframe</strong> to place undecorated images in a rectangular grid, and
<strong>concatenate</strong> to pack the images closely together without any
well-defined grid or decoration. </font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-modulate"></a>-modulate <i>brightness[,saturation[,hue]]</i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>vary the brightness, saturation, and hue of an image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Specify the percent change in brightness, color saturation, and
hue separated by commas. Default argument values are 100 percent,
resulting in no change. For example, to increase the color brightness
by 20% and decrease the color saturation by 10% and leave the hue
unchanged, use: <strong>-modulate 120,90</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Hue is the percentage of absolute rotation from the current
position. For example 50 results in a counter-clockwise rotation of 90
degrees, 150 results in a clockwise rotation of 90 degrees, with 0 and
200 both resulting in a rotation of 180 degrees.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-monitor
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>show progress indication</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
A simple command-line progress indication is shown while the command is
running. The process indication shows the operation currently being
performed and the percent completed. Commands using X11 may replace the
command line progress indication with a graphical one once an image has
been displayed.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-monochrome
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>transform the image to black and white</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-morph"></a>-morph <i><frames></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>morphs an image sequence</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Both the image pixels and size are linearly interpolated to give the appearance
of a meta-morphosis from one image to the next.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The sequence of images
is terminated by the appearance of any option.
If the <strong>-morph</strong>
option appears after all of the input images, all images are morphed.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-mosaic"></a>-mosaic
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>create a mosaic from an image or an image sequence</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-mosaic</strong> option provides a flexible way to composite one or
more images onto a solid-color canvas image. It works similar to
<strong>-flatten</strong> except that a base canvas image is automatically
created with a suitable size given the image size, page dimensions,
and page offsets of images to be composited. The color of the base
canvas image may be set via the <strong>-background</strong> option. The
default canvas color is 'white', but 'black' or 'transparent' may be
more suitable depending on the composition algorithm requested.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-compose</strong> option may be used to specify the composition
algorithm to use when compositing the subsequent image on the base
canvas.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-page</strong> option can be used to establish the dimensions of the
mosaic and to position the subsequent image within the mosaic. If the
<strong>-page</strong> argument does not specify width and height, then the
canvas dimensions are evaluated based on the image sizes and
offsets.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The sequence of images is terminated by the appearance of any option.
If the <strong>-mosaic</strong> option appears after all of the input images,
all images are included in the mosaic.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The following is an example of composing an image based on red, green,
and blue layers extracted from a sequence of images and pasted on the
canvas image at specified offsets:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert -background black \
-compose CopyRed -page +0-100 red.png \
-compose CopyGreen -page +0+40 green.png \
-compose CopyBlue -page +0+180 blue.png \
-mosaic output.png
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-motion-blur"></a>-motion-blur <i><radius></i>{<i>x<sigma></i>}<i></i>{<i>+angle</i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Simulate motion blur</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Simulate motion blur by convolving the image with a Gaussian operator of
the given radius and standard deviation (sigma). For reasonable results,
radius should be larger than sigma. If radius is zero, then a suitable
radius is automatically selected based on sigma. The angle specifies the
angle that the object is coming from (side which is blurred).</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-name
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>name an image</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-negate"></a>-negate
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>replace every pixel with its complementary color</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The red, green, and blue intensities of an image are negated.
White becomes black,
yellow becomes blue, etc.
Use <strong>+negate</strong>
to only negate the grayscale pixels of the image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-noise"></a>-noise <i><radius|type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>add or reduce noise in an image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The principal function of noise peak elimination filter is to smooth the
objects within an image without losing edge information and without creating
undesired structures. The central idea of the algorithm is to replace a
pixel with its next neighbor in value within a pixel window, if this pixel
has been found to be noise. A pixel is defined as noise if and only if
this pixel is a maximum or minimum within the pixel window.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>radius</strong> to specify the width of the neighborhood.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>+noise</strong> followed by a noise type to add noise to an image.
The noise added modulates the existing image pixels. Choose from these
noise types:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
Uniform
Gaussian
Multiplicative
Impulse
Laplacian
Poisson
Random (uniform distribution)
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-noop"></a>-noop
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>NOOP (no option)</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-noop</strong> option can be used to terminate a group of images
and reset all options to their default values, when no other option is
desired.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-normalize"></a>-normalize
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>transform image to span the full range of color values</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This is a contrast enhancement technique based on the image histogram.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When computing the contrast enhancement values, the histogram edges
are truncated so that the majority of the image pixels are considered
in the constrast enhancement, and outliers (e.g. random noise or
minute details) are ignored. The default is that 0.1 percent of the
histogram entries are ignored. The percentage of the histogram to
ignore may be specified by using the <strong>-set</strong> option with the
<strong>histogram-threshold</strong> parameter similar to <strong>-set
histogram-threshold 0.01</strong> to specify 0.01 percent. Use 0 percent
to use the entire histogram, with possibly diminished contrast
enhancement.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-opaque"></a>-opaque <i><color></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>change this color to the pen color within the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The color is specified using the format described under the
<strong>-fill</strong> option. The color is replaced if it is identical to the
target color, or close enough to the target color in a 3D space as
defined by the Euclidean distance specified by <strong>-fuzz</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
See <strong>-fill</strong> and <strong>-fuzz</strong> for more details.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-operator"></a>-operator <i>channel operator rvalue[%]</i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>apply a mathematical, bitwise, or value operator to an image channel</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Apply a low-level mathematical, bitwise, or value operator to a selected
image channel or all image channels. Operations which result in negative
results are reset to zero, and operations which overflow the available
range are reset to the maximum possible value.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Select a channel from: <strong>Red</strong>, <strong>Green</strong>, <strong>Blue</strong>,
<strong>Opacity</strong>, <strong>Matte</strong>, <strong>Cyan</strong>, <strong>Magenta</strong>, <strong>Yellow</strong>,
<strong>Black</strong>, <strong>All</strong>, or <strong>Gray</strong>. <strong>All</strong> only modifies the
color channels and does not modify the <strong>Opacity</strong> channel. Except for
the threshold operators, <strong>All</strong> operates on each channel
independently so that operations are on a per-channel basis.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<strong>Gray</strong> treats the color channels as a grayscale intensity and
performs the requested operation on the equivalent pixel intensity so the
result is a gray image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">Select an operator from <strong>Add</strong>, <strong>And</strong>, <strong>Assign</strong>,
<strong>Depth</strong>, <strong>Divide</strong>, <strong>Gamma</strong>, <strong>Negate</strong>,
<strong>LShift</strong>, <strong>Log</strong>, <strong>Max</strong>, <strong>Min</strong>, <strong>Multiply</strong>,
<strong>Or</strong>, <strong>Pow</strong>, <strong>RShift</strong>, <strong>Subtract</strong>,
<strong>Threshold</strong>, <strong>Threshold-White</strong>,
<strong>Threshold-White-Negate</strong>, <strong>Threshold-Black</strong>,
<strong>Threshold-Black-Negate</strong>, <strong>Xor</strong>, <strong>Noise-Gaussian</strong>,
<strong>Noise-Impulse</strong>, <strong>Noise-Laplacian</strong>,
<strong>Noise-Multiplicative</strong>, <strong>Noise-Poisson</strong>,
<strong>Noise-Random</strong>, and <strong>Noise-Uniform</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Rvalue may be any floating point or integer value. Normally rvalue will
be in the range of 0 to MaxRGB, where MaxRGB is the largest quantum value
supported by the GraphicsMagick build (255, 65535, or 4294967295) but
values outside this range are useful for some arithmetic operations.
Arguments to logical or bit-wise operations are rounded to a positive
integral value prior to use. If a percent (<strong>%</strong>) symbol is appended
to the argument, then the argument has a range of 0 to 100 percent.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The following is a description of the operators:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<dl>
<dt>Add</dt>
<dd>Result is rvalue added to channel value.
</dd>
<dt>And</dt>
<dd>Result is the logical AND of rvalue with channel value.
</dd>
<dt>Assign</dt>
<dd>Result is rvalue.
</dd>
<dt>Depth</dt>
<dd>Result is channel value adjusted so that it may be (approximately)
stored in the specified number of bits without additional loss.
</dd>
<dt>Divide</dt>
<dd>Result is channel value divided by rvalue.
</dd>
<dt>Gamma</dt>
<dd>Result is channel value gamma adjusted by rvalue.
</dd>
<dt>LShift</dt>
<dd>Result is channel value bitwise left shifted by rvalue bits.
</dd>
<dt>Log</dt>
<dd>Result is computed as log(value*rvalue+1)/log(rvalue+1).
</dd>
<dt>Max</dt>
<dd>Result is assigned to rvalue if rvalue is greater than value.
</dd>
<dt>Min</dt>
<dd>Result is assigned to rvalue if rvalue is less than value.
</dd>
<dt>Multiply</dt>
<dd>Result is channel value multiplied by rvalue.
</dd>
<dt>Negate</dt>
<dd>Result is inverse of channel value (like a film negative). An rvalue
must be supplied but is currently not used. Inverting the image twice
results in the original image.
</dd>
<dt>Or</dt>
<dd>Result is the logical OR of rvalue with channel value.
</dd>
<dt>Pow</dt>
<dd>Result is computed as pow(value,rvalue). Similar to Gamma except that
rvalue is not inverted.
</dd>
<dt>RShift</dt>
<dd>Result is channel value bitwise right shifted by rvalue bits.
</dd>
<dt>Subtract</dt>
<dd>Result is channel value minus rvalue.
</dd>
<dt>Threshold</dt>
<dd>Result is maximum (white) if channel value is greater than rvalue,
or minimum (black) if it is less than or equal to rvalue. If <strong>all</strong>
channels are specified, then thresholding is done based on computed pixel
intensity.
</dd>
<dt>Threshold-white</dt>
<dd>Result is maximum (white) if channel value is greater than rvalue and
is unchanged if it is less than or equal to rvalue. This can be used to
remove apparent noise from the bright parts of an image. If <strong>all</strong>
channels are specified, then thresholding is done based on computed pixel
intensity.
</dd>
<dt>Threshold-White-Negate</dt>
<dd>Result is set to black if channel value is greater than
rvalue and is unchanged if it is less than or equal to rvalue. If
<strong>all</strong> channels are specified, then thresholding is done based on
computed pixel intensity.
</dd>
<dt>Threshold-black</dt>
<dd>Result is minimum (black) if channel value is less than than rvalue
and is unchanged if it is greater than or equal to rvalue. This can be
used to remove apparent noise from the dark parts of an image. If
<strong>all</strong> channels are specified, then thresholding is done based on
computed pixel intensity.
</dd>
<dt>Threshold-Black-Negate</dt>
<dd>Result is set to white if channel value is less than than
rvalue and is unchanged if it is greater than or equal to rvalue. If
<strong>all</strong> channels are specified, then thresholding is done based on
computed pixel intensity.
</dd>
<dt>Xor</dt>
<dd>Result is the logical XOR of rvalue with channel value. An
interesting property of XOR is that performing the same operation twice
results in the original value.
</dd>
<dt>Noise-Gaussian</dt>
<dd>Result is the current channel value modulated with gaussian noise
according to the intensity specified by rvalue.
</dd>
<dt>Noise-Impulse</dt>
<dd>Result is the current channel value modulated with impulse noise
according to the intensity specified by rvalue.
</dd>
<dt>Noise-Laplacian</dt>
<dd>Result is the current channel value modulated with laplacian noise
according to the intensity specified by rvalue.
</dd>
<dt>Noise-Multiplicative</dt>
<dd>Result is the current channel value modulated with multiplicative
gaussian noise according to the intensity specified by rvalue.
</dd>
<dt>Noise-Poisson</dt>
<dd>Result is the current channel value modulated with poisson noise
according to the intensity specified by rvalue.
</dd>
<dt>Noise-Random</dt>
<dd>Result is the current channel value modulated with random (uniform
distribution) noise according to the intensity specified by rvalue.
The initial noise intensity (rvalue=1.0) is the range of one pixel
quantum span.
</dd>
<dt>Noise-Uniform</dt>
<dd>Result is the channel value with uniform noise applied according to
the intensity specified by rvalue.
</dd>
</dl>
</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
As an example, the <strong>Assign</strong> operator assigns a fixed value to a
channel. For example, this command sets the red channel to the mid-range
value:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert in.bmp -operator red assign "50%" out.bmp
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The following applies 50% thresholding to the image and returns a gray
image:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert in.bmp -operator gray threshold "50%" out.bmp
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-ordered-dither"></a>-ordered-dither <i><channeltype> <NxN></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>ordered dither the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The channel or channels specified in the <strong>channeltype</strong> argument are
reduced to binary, using an ordered dither method. The choices for
<strong>channeltype</strong> are <strong>All</strong>, <strong>Intensity</strong>, <strong>Red</strong>,
<strong>Green</strong>, <strong>Blue</strong>, <strong>Cyan</strong>, <strong>Magenta</strong>, <strong>Yellow</strong>,
<strong>Black</strong>, and <strong>Opacity</strong></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When <strong>channeltype</strong> is "All", the color samples are dithered into
a gray level and then that gray level is stored in the three color
channels. Separately, the opacity channel is dithered into a bilevel
opacity value which is stored in the opacity channel.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When <strong>channeltype</strong> is "Intensity", only the color samples are
dithered. When <strong>channeltype</strong> is "opacity" or "matte", only the
opacity channel is dithered. When a color channel is specified, only that
channel is dithered.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The choices for N are 2 through 7. The image is divided into
NxN pixel tiles. In each tile, some or all pixels are turned to
white depending on their intensity. For each N, (N**2)+1 levels
of gray can be represented. For N == 2, 3, or 4, the pixels
are turned to white in an order that maximizes dispersion (i.e.,
reduces granularity), while
for N == 5, 6, and 7, they are turned to white in an order that
creates a roughly circular black blob in the middle of each tile.
An attractive "half-tone" looking image can be obtained by first
rotating the image 45 degrees, performing a 5x5 ordered-dither
operation, then rotating it back to the original orientation and
cropping to the original image dimensions. If the original image
is gamma-encoded, it is adviseable to convert it to linear intensity
first, e.g., with the "-gamma 0.45455" option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-output-directory"></a>-output-directory <i><directory></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>output files to directory</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use -output-directory to specify a directory under which to write the
output files. Normally mogrify overwrites the input files, but with
this option the output files may be written to a different directory
tree so that the input files are preserved. The algorithm used
preserves all of the input path specification in the output path so
that the user-specified input path (including any sub-directory part)
is appended to the output path. If the input file lacks an extension,
then a suitable extension is automatically added to the output file.
The user is responsible for creating the output directory specified as
an argument, but subdirectories will be created as needed if the
<strong>-create-directories</strong> option is supplied. This option may be
used to apply transformations on files from one directory and write
the transformed files to a different directory. In conjunction with
<strong>-create-directories</strong>, this option is designed to support
transforming whole directory trees of files provided that the relative
path of the input file is included as part the list of filenames.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-orient"></a>-orient <i><orientation></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Set the image orientation attribute</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Sets the image orientation attribute. The image orientation attribute
is compatible with the TIFF orientation tag (and the EXIF orientation
tag). Accepted values are <strong>undefined</strong>, <strong>TopLeft</strong>,
<strong>TopRight</strong>, <strong>BottomRight</strong>, <strong>BottomLeft</strong>,
<strong>LeftTop</strong>, <strong>RightTop</strong>, <strong>RightBottom</strong>,
<strong>LeftBottom</strong>, and hyphenated versions thereof
(e.g. <strong>left-bottom</strong>). Please note that GraphicsMagick does not
include an EXIF editor so if an EXIF profile is written to the output
image, the value in the EXIF profile might not match the image. It is
possible for an image file to indicate its orientation in several
different ways simultaneously.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-page"></a>-page <i><width>x<height></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><x></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><y></i>{<i>%</i>}<i></i>{<i>!</i>}<i></i>{<i><</i>}<i></i>{<i>></i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>size and location of an image canvas</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to specify the dimensions of the
<em>PostScript</em> page
in dots per inch or a TEXT page in pixels. The choices for a PostScript
page are:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
11x17 792 1224
Ledger 1224 792
Legal 612 1008
Letter 612 792
LetterSmall 612 792
ArchE 2592 3456
ArchD 1728 2592
ArchC 1296 1728
ArchB 864 1296
ArchA 648 864
A0 2380 3368
A1 1684 2380
A2 1190 1684
A3 842 1190
A4 595 842
A4Small 595 842
A5 421 595
A6 297 421
A7 210 297
A8 148 210
A9 105 148
A10 74 105
B0 2836 4008
B1 2004 2836
B2 1418 2004
B3 1002 1418
B4 709 1002
B5 501 709
C0 2600 3677
C1 1837 2600
C2 1298 1837
C3 918 1298
C4 649 918
C5 459 649
C6 323 459
Flsa 612 936
Flse 612 936
HalfLetter 396 612
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For convenience you can specify the page size by media (e.g. A4, Ledger,
etc.). Otherwise, <strong>-page</strong> behaves much like
<strong>-geometry</strong> (e.g. <tt>-page letter+43+43></tt>).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option is also used to place subimages when writing to a multi-image
format that supports offsets, such as GIF89 and MNG. When used for this
purpose the offsets are always measured from the
top left corner of the canvas and are not affected by the <strong>-gravity</strong>
option.
To position a GIF or MNG image, use <strong>-page</strong><em>{+-}<x>{+-}<y></em>
(e.g. -page +100+200). When writing to a MNG file, a <strong>-page</strong>
option appearing ahead of the first image in the sequence with nonzero
width and height defines the width and height values that are written in
the <strong>MHDR</strong> chunk. Otherwise, the MNG width and height are computed
from the bounding box that contains all images in the sequence. When
writing a GIF89 file, only the bounding box method is used to determine its
dimensions.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For a PostScript page, the image is sized as in <strong>-geometry</strong> and positioned
relative to the lower left hand corner of the page by
{+-}<<strong>x</strong><em>offset</em>>{+-}<<strong>y</strong>
<em>offset></em>. Use
<tt>-page 612x792></tt>, for example, to center the
image within the page. If the image size exceeds the PostScript page, it
is reduced to fit the page.
The default gravity for the <strong>-page</strong>
option is <em>NorthWest</em>, i.e., positive <strong>x</strong> and
<strong>y</strong> <em>offset</em> are measured rightward and downward from the top
left corner of the page, unless the <strong>-gravity</strong> option is present with
a value other than <em>NorthWest</em>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The default page dimensions for a TEXT image is 612x792.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option is used in concert with <strong>-density</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>+page</strong> to remove the page settings for an image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-paint"></a>-paint <i><radius></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>simulate an oil painting</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Each pixel is replaced by the most frequent color in a circular neighborhood
whose width is specified with <em>radius</em>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-pause"></a>-pause <i><seconds></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>pause between animation loops [animate]</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Pause for the specified number of seconds before repeating the
animation.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-pause"></a>-pause <i><seconds></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>pause between snapshots [import]</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Pause for the specified number of seconds before taking the next
snapshot.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-pen"></a>-pen <i><color></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>(This option has been replaced by the -fill option)</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-ping
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>efficiently determine image characteristics</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to disable reading the image pixels so that image
characteristics such as the image dimensions may be obtained very
quickly. For identify, use +ping to force reading the image pixels so
that the pixel read rate may be included in the displayed information.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-pointsize <i><value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>pointsize of the PostScript, X11, or TrueType font</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-preview"></a>-preview <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>image preview type</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to affect the preview operation of an image (e.g.
<tt>convert file.png -preview Gamma Preview:gamma.png</tt>). Choose
from these previews:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
Rotate
Shear
Roll
Hue
Saturation
Brightness
Gamma
Spiff
Dull
Grayscale
Quantize
Despeckle
ReduceNoise
AddNoise
Sharpen
Blur
Threshold
EdgeDetect
Spread
Shade
Raise
Segment
Solarize
Swirl
Implode
Wave
OilPaint
CharcoalDrawing
JPEG
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The default preview is <strong>JPEG</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-process"></a>-process <i><command></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>process a sequence of images using a process module</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The command argument has the form <strong>module=arg1,arg2,arg3,...,argN</strong>
where <strong>module</strong> is the name of the module to invoke (e.g. "Analyze")
and arg1,arg2,arg3,...,argN are an arbitrary number of arguments to
pass to the process module.</font></td></tr></table><table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The sequence of images
is terminated by the appearance of any option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If the <strong>-process</strong>
option appears after all of the input images, all images are processed.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert logo: -process Analyze= \
-format "%[BrightnessMean],%[BrightnessStddev]" info:-
51952,23294
<pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-profile"></a>-profile <i><filename></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>add ICM, IPTC, or generic profile to image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<tt>-profile filename</tt> adds an ICM (ICC color management), IPTC
(newswire information), or a generic (including Exif) profile to the image
</font></td></tr></table>.
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <tt>+profile icm</tt>, <tt>+profile iptc</tt>, or
<tt>+profile profile_name</tt> to remove the respective profile.
Multiple profiles may be listed, separated by commas. Profiles may be
excluded from subsequent listed matches by preceding their name with
an exclamation point. For example, <tt>+profile '!icm,*'</tt> strips
all profiles except for the ICM profile. Use <tt>identify
-verbose</tt> to find out what profiles are in the image file. Use
<tt>+profile "*"</tt> to remove all profiles.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">Writing the image to a format that does not support profiles will
of course also cause all profiles to be removed. The JPEG and PNG
formats will store any profiles that have been read and not removed.
In JPEG they are stored in APP1 markers, and in PNG they are stored
as hex-coded binary in compressed zTXt chunks, except for the iCC
chunk which is stored in the iCCP chunk.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
To extract a profile, the <strong>-profile</strong> option is not used. Instead,
simply write the file to an image
format such as <em>APP1, 8BIM, ICM,</em> or <em>IPTC</em>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example, to extract the Exif data (which is stored in JPEG files
in the <em>APP1</em> profile), use
</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert cockatoo.jpg exifdata.app1
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">Note that GraphicsMagick does not attempt to update any profile to
reflect changes made to the image, e.g., rotation from portrait to landscape
orientation, so it is possible that the preserved profile may contain
invalid data.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-preserve-timestamp"></a>-preserve-timestamp
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>preserve the original timestamps of the file</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to preserve the original modification and access
timestamps of the file, even if it has been modified.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details+progress"></a>+progress
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>disable progress monitor and busy cursor</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
By default, when an image is displayed, a progress monitor bar is shown
in the top left corner of an existing image display window, and the
current cursor is replaced with an hourglass cursor. Use <strong>+progress</strong>
to disable the progress monitor and busy cursor during display operations.
While the progress monitor is disabled for all operations, the busy
cursor continues to be enabled for non-display operations such as image
processing. This option is useful for non-interactive display operations,
or when a "clean" look is desired.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-quality"></a>-quality <i><value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>JPEG/MIFF/PNG/TIFF compression level</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"> For the JPEG and MPEG image formats, quality is 0 (lowest image
quality and highest compression) to 100 (best quality but least
effective compression). The default quality is 75. Use the
<strong>-sampling-factor</strong> option to specify the factors for chroma
downsampling. To use the same quality value as that found by the JPEG
decoder, use the <tt>-define jpeg:preserve-settings</tt> flag.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For the MIFF image format, and the TIFF format while using ZIP
compression, quality/10 is the zlib compression level, which is 0 (worst
but fastest compression) to 9 (best but slowest). It has no effect on the
image appearance, since the compression is always lossless.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For the JPEG-2000 image format, quality is mapped using a non-linear
equation to the compression ratio required by the Jasper library. This
non-linear equation is intended to loosely approximate the quality
provided by the JPEG v1 format. The default quality value 75 results in
a request for 16:1 compression. The quality value 100 results in
a request for non-lossy compression.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For the MNG and PNG image formats, the quality value sets the zlib compression
level (quality / 10) and filter-type (quality % 10). Compression levels
range from 0 (fastest compression) to 100 (best but slowest). For compression
level 0, the Huffman-only strategy is used, which is fastest but not
necessarily the worst compression.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If
filter-type is 4 or less, the specified filter-type is used for all scanlines:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
0: none
1: sub
2: up
3: average
4: Paeth
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If filter-type is 5, adaptive filtering is used when quality is greater
than 50 and the image does not have a color map, otherwise no filtering
is used.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If filter-type is 6, adaptive filtering
with <em>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em>
is used.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Only if the output is MNG, if filter-type is 7, the LOCO color transformation
and adaptive filtering with <em>minimum-sum-of-absolute-values</em>
are used.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The default is quality is 75, which means nearly the best compression with
adaptive filtering. The quality setting has no effect on the appearance
of PNG and MNG images, since the compression is always lossless.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For further information, see the <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/">PNG</a>
specification.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When writing a JNG image with transparency, two quality values are required,
one for the main image and one for the grayscale image that conveys the
opacity channel. These are written as a single integer equal to the main
image quality plus 1000 times the opacity quality. For example, if you
want to use quality 75 for the main image and quality 90 to compress
the opacity data, use <tt>-quality 90075</tt>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For the PNM family of formats (PNM, PGM, and PPM) specify a quality
factor of zero in order to obtain the ASCII variant of the format. Note
that -compress <em>none</em> used to be used to trigger ASCII output but
provided the opposite result of what was expected as compared with other
formats.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For the TIFF format, the JPEG, WebP, Zip, and Zstd compression
algorithms are influenced by the quality value. JPEG and WebP provide
lossy compression so higher quality produces a larger file with less
degradation. The Zip and Zstd compression algorithms (and WebP in
lossless mode) are lossless and for these algorithms a higher
'quality' means to work harder to produce a smaller file, but with no
difference in image quality.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-raise"></a>-raise <i><width>x<height></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>lighten or darken image edges</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This will create a 3-D effect. See <strong>-geometry</strong> for details
details about the geometry specification. Offsets are not used.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>-raise</strong> to create a raised effect, otherwise use <strong>+raise</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-random-threshold"></a>-random-threshold <i><channeltype> <LOWxHIGH></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>random threshold the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The channel or channels specified in the <channeltype> argument are
reduced to binary, using an random-threshold method. The choices for
<strong>channeltype</strong> are <strong>All</strong>, <strong>Intensity</strong>, <strong>Red</strong>,
<strong>Green</strong>, <strong>Blue</strong>, <strong>Cyan</strong>, <strong>Magenta</strong>, <strong>Yellow</strong>,
<strong>Black</strong>, and <strong>Opacity</strong></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When <strong>channeltype</strong> is "All", the color samples are thresholded into
a graylevel and then that gray level is stored in the three color
channels. Separately, the opacity channel is thresholded into a bilevel
opacity value which is stored in the opacity channel. For each pixel, a
new random number is used to establish the threshold to be used. The
threshold never exceeds the specified maximum (HIGH) and is never less
than the specified minimum (LOW).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When <strong>channeltype</strong> is "intensity", only the color samples are
thresholded. When <strong>channeltype</strong> is "opacity" or "matte", only the
opacity channel is thresholded. The other named channels only threshold
the associated channel.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-recolor"></a>-recolor <i><matrix></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>apply a color translation matrix to image channels</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
A user supplied color translation matrix (expressed as a text string)
is used to translate/blend the image channels based on weightings in a
supplied matrix which may be of order 3 (color channels only), 4
(color channels plus opacity), or 5 (color channels plus opacity and
offset). Values in the columns of the matrix (red, green, blue,
opacity) are used as multipliers with the existing channel values and
added together according to the rows of the matrix. Matrix values are
floating point and may be negative. The offset column (column 5) is
purely additive and is scaled such that 0.0 to 1.0 represents the
maximum quantum range (but values are not limited to this range). The
math for the color translation matrix is similar to that used by Adobe
Flash except that the offset is scaled to 1.0 (divide Flash offset by
255 for use with GraphicsMagick) so that the results are independent
of quantum depth.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
An <strong>identity</strong> matrix exists for each matrix order which
results in no change to the image. The translation matrix should be
based on an alteration of the identity matrix.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Identity matrix of order 3</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
which may be formatted into a convenient matrix argument similar to
(comma is treated as white space):</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
-recolor "1 0 0, 0 1 0, 0 0 1"
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Identity matrix of order 4</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
1 0 0 0
0 1 0 0
0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Identity matrix of order 5. The last row is required to exist
for the purpose of parsing, but is otherwise not used.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
1 0 0 0 0
0 1 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0
0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 1
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
As an example, an image wrongly in BGR channel order may be converted
to RGB using this matrix (blue->red, red->blue):</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
and an RGB image using standard Rec.709 primaries may be converted
to grayscale using this matrix of standard weighting factors:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
0.2126 0.7152 0.0722
0.2126 0.7152 0.0722
0.2126 0.7152 0.0722
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
and contrast may be reduced by scaling down by 80% and adding a 10%
offset:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.1
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-red-primary"></a>-red-primary <i><x>,<y></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>red chromaticity primary point</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-region"></a>-region <i><width>x<height></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><x></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><y></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>apply options to a portion of the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <em>x</em> and <em>y</em> offsets are treated in the same manner as in <strong>-crop</strong></font></td></tr></table>.
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-remote"></a>-remote
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>perform a X11 remote operation</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-remote</strong> command sends a command to a "gm display" or "gm
animate" which is already running. The only command recognized at this
time is the name of an image file to load. This capability is very
useful to load new images without needing to restart GraphicsMagick
(e.g. for a slide-show or to use GraphicsMagick as the display engine
for a different GUI). Also see the <strong>+progress</strong> option for a way
to disable progress indication for a clean look while loading new images.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-render"></a>-render
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>render vector operations</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>+render</strong> to turn off rendering vector operations. This is
useful when saving the result to vector formats such as MVG or SVG.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-repage"></a>-repage <i> <width>x<height>+xoff+yoff[!]</i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Adjust image page offsets</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Adjust the current image page canvas and position based on a relative
page specification. This option may be used to change the location of
a subframe (e.g. part of an animation) prior to composition. If the
geometry specification is absolute (includes a '!'), then the offset
adjustment is absolute and there is no adjustment to page width and
height, otherwise the page width and height values are also adjusted
based on the current image dimensions. Use <strong>+repage</strong> to set the
image page offsets to default.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-resample"></a>-resample <i><horizontal>x<vertical></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Resample image to specified horizontal and vertical resolution</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Resize the image so that its rendered size remains the same as the
original at the specified target resolution. Either the current image
resolution units or the previously set with <strong>-units</strong> are used to
interpret the argument. For example, if a 300 DPI image renders at 3
inches by 2 inches on a 300 DPI device, when the image has been
resampled to 72 DPI, it will render at 3 inches by 2 inches on a 72
DPI device. Note that only a small number of image formats
(e.g. JPEG, PNG, and TIFF) are capable of storing the image
resolution. For formats which do not support an image resolution, the
original resolution of the image must be specified via <strong>-density</strong>
on the command line prior to specifying the resample resolution.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Note that Photoshop stores and obtains image resolution from a
proprietary embedded profile. If this profile exists in the image,
then Photoshop will continue to treat the image using its former
resolution, ignoring the image resolution specified in the standard
file header.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Some image formats (e.g. PNG) require use of metric or english units
so even if the original image used a particular unit system, if it is
saved to a different format prior to resampling, then it may be
necessary to specify the desired resolution units using <strong>-units</strong>
since the original units may have been lost. In other words, do not
assume that the resolution units are restored if the image has been
saved to a file.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-resize"></a>-resize <i><width>x<height></i>{<i>%</i>}<i></i>{<i>@</i>}<i></i>{<i>!</i>}<i></i>{<i><</i>}<i></i>{<i>></i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>resize an image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This is an alias for the <strong>-geometry</strong> option and it behaves in the
same manner. If the <strong>-filter</strong> option precedes the <strong>-resize</strong>
option, the specified filter is used.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
There are some exceptions:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When used as a <em>composite</em> option, <strong>-resize</strong> conveys the
preferred size of the output image, while <strong>-geometry</strong> conveys the
size and placement of the <em>composite image</em> within the main
image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
When used as a <em>montage</em> option, <strong>-resize</strong> conveys the preferred
size of the montage, while <strong>-geometry</strong> conveys
information about the tiles.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-roll"></a>-roll <i></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><x></i>{<i>+-</i>}<i><y></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>roll an image vertically or horizontally</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
See <strong>-geometry</strong> for details the geometry specification. The
<em>x</em> and <em>y</em> offsets are not affected by the <strong>-gravity</strong>
option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
A negative <em>x</em> offset rolls the image left-to-right. A negative
<em>y</em> offset rolls the image top-to-bottom.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-rotate"></a>-rotate <i><degrees></i>{<i><</i>}<i></i>{<i>></i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>rotate the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Positive angles rotate the image in a clockwise direction while
negative angles rotate counter-clockwise.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <tt>></tt> to rotate the image only if its width exceeds the
height. <tt><</tt> rotates the image <em>only</em> if its width is less
than the height. For example, if you specify <tt>-rotate "-90>"</tt>
and the image size is 480x640, the image is not rotated. However, if
the image is 640x480, it is rotated by -90 degrees. If you use
<tt>></tt> or <tt><</tt>, enclose it in quotation marks to prevent it
from being misinterpreted as a file redirection.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Empty triangles left over from rotating the image are filled with the
color defined as <strong>background</strong> (class <strong>backgroundColor</strong>).
The color is specified using the format described under the
<strong>-fill</strong> option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-sample"></a>-sample <i><geometry></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>scale image using pixel sampling</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
See <strong>-geometry</strong> for details about
the geometry specification.
<strong>-sample</strong> ignores the <strong>-filter</strong> selection if the <strong>-filter</strong> option
is present. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and
the <strong>-gravity</strong> option has no effect.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-sampling-factor"></a>-sampling-factor <i><horizontal_factor>x<vertical_factor></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>chroma subsampling factors</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option specifies the sampling factors to be used by the DPX, JPEG,
MPEG, or YUV encoders for chroma downsampling. The sampling factor must
be specified while reading the raw YUV format since it is not preserved
in the file header.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">Industry-standard video subsampling notation such as "4:2:2" may also
be used to specify the sampling factors. "4:2:2" is equivalent to a
specification of "2x1"</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The JPEG decoder obtains the original sampling factors (and quality
settings) when a JPEG file is read. To re-use the original sampling
factors (and quality setting) when JPEG is output, use the <tt>-define
jpeg:preserve-settings</tt> flag.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-scale"></a>-scale <i><geometry></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>scale the image.</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
See <strong>-geometry</strong> for details about
the geometry specification. <strong>-scale</strong> uses a simpler, faster algorithm,
and it ignores the <strong>-filter</strong> selection if the <strong>-filter</strong> option
is present. Offsets, if present in the geometry string, are ignored, and
the <strong>-gravity</strong> option has no effect.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-scene"></a>-scene <i><value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>set scene number</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option sets the scene number of an image or the first image in
an image sequence.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-scenes"></a>-scenes <i><value-value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>range of image scene numbers to read</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Each image in the range is read
with the filename followed by a period (<strong>.</strong>) and the decimal scene
number. You
can change this behavior by embedding a <strong>%d, %0Nd, %o, %0No, %x, or %0Nx
printf</strong> format specification in the file name. For example,</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm montage -scenes 5-7 image.miff montage.miff
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
makes a montage of files image.miff.5, image.miff.6, and image.miff.7, and</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm animate -scenes 0-12 image%02d.miff
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
animates files image00.miff, image01.miff, through image12.miff.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-screen"></a>-screen
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>specify the screen to capture</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option indicates that the GetImage request used to obtain the image
should be done on the root window, rather than directly on the specified
window. In this way, you can obtain pieces of other windows that overlap
the specified window, and more importantly, you can capture menus or other
popups that are independent windows but appear over the specified window.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-set"></a>-set <i><attribute> <value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>set an image attribute</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Set a named image attribute. The attribute is set on the current
(previously specified on command line) image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details+set"></a>+set <i><attribute></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>unset an image attribute</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Unset a named image attribute. The attribute is removed from the current
(previously specified on command line) image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-segment"></a>-segment <i><cluster threshold>x<smoothing threshold></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>segment an image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Segment an image by analyzing the histograms of the color components and
identifying units that are homogeneous with the fuzzy c-means technique.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Segmentation is a very useful fast and and approximate color quantization
algorithm for scanned printed pages or scanned cartoons. It may also be
used as a special effect. Specify <em>cluster threshold</em> as the minimum
percentage of total pixels in a cluster before it is considered valid.
For huge images containing small detail, this may need to be a tiny
fraction of a percent (e.g. 0.015) so that important detail is not lost.
<em>Smoothing threshold</em> eliminates noise in the second derivative of
the histogram. As the value is increased, you can expect a smoother
second derivative. The default is 1.5. Add the <em>-verbose</em> option to
see a dump of cluster statistics given the parameters used. The
statistics may be used as a guide to help fine tune the options.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-shade"></a>-shade <i><azimuth>x<elevation></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>shade the image using a distant light source</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Specify <em>azimuth</em> and <em>elevation</em> as the position of the light
source. Use <strong>+shade</strong> to return the shading results as a grayscale
image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-shadow <i><radius></i>{<i>x<sigma></i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>shadow the montage</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-shared-memory"></a>-shared-memory
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>use shared memory</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option specifies whether the utility should attempt to use shared
memory for pixmaps. GraphicsMagick must be compiled with shared
memory support, and the display must support the <em>MIT-SHM</em>
extension. Otherwise, this option is ignored. The default is
<strong>True</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-sharpen"></a>-sharpen <i><radius></i>{<i>x<sigma></i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>sharpen the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
(sigma).</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-shave"></a>-shave <i><width>x<height></i>{<i>%</i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>shave pixels from the image edges</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Specify the width of the region to be removed from both
sides of the image and the height of the regions to be removed from
top and bottom.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-shear"></a>-shear <i><x degrees>x<y degrees></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>shear the image along the X or Y axis</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use the specified positive or negative shear angle.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Shearing slides one edge of an image along the X or Y axis, creating a
parallelogram. An X direction shear slides an edge along the X axis,
while a Y direction shear slides an edge along the Y axis. The amount
of the shear is controlled by a shear angle. For X direction shears,
<em>x degrees</em> is measured relative to the Y axis, and similarly,
for Y direction shears <em>y degrees</em> is measured relative to the X
axis.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Empty triangles left over from shearing the image are filled with the
color defined as <strong>background</strong> (class <strong>backgroundColor</strong>).
The color is specified using the format described under the
<strong>-fill</strong> option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-silent
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>operate silently</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-size"></a>-size <i><width>x<height></i>{<i>+offset</i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>width and height of the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to specify the width and height of raw images whose
dimensions are unknown such as <strong>GRAY</strong>, <strong>RGB</strong>, or
<strong>CMYK</strong>. In addition to width and height, use <strong>-size</strong> with an
offset to skip any header information in the image or tell the number
of colors in a <strong>MAP</strong> image file, (e.g. -size 640x512+256).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For Photo CD images, choose from these sizes:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
192x128
384x256
768x512
1536x1024
3072x2048
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Finally, use this option to choose a particular resolution layer of a JBIG
or JPEG image (e.g. -size 1024x768).</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-snaps"></a>-snaps <i><value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>number of screen snapshots</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option
to grab more than one image from the X server screen, to create
an animation sequence.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-solarize"></a>-solarize <i><factor></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>negate all pixels above the threshold level</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Specify <em>factor</em> as the
percent threshold of the intensity (0 - 99.9%).</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option produces a <em>solarization</em> effect seen when exposing a
photographic film to light during the development process.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-spread"></a>-spread <i><amount></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>displace image pixels by a random amount</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<em>Amount</em> defines the size of the neighborhood around each pixel to
choose a candidate pixel to swap.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-stegano"></a>-stegano <i><offset></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>hide watermark within an image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use an offset to start the image hiding some number of pixels from the
beginning of the image. Note this offset and the image size. You will
need this information to recover the steganographic image
(e.g. display -size 320x256+35 stegano:image.png).</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-stereo"></a>-stereo
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>composite two images to create a stereo anaglyph</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The left side of the stereo pair is saved as the red channel of the output
image. The right side is saved as the green channel. Red-green stereo
glasses are required to properly view the stereo image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-strip"></a>-strip
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>remove all profiles and text attributes from the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
All embedded profiles and text attributes are stripped from the image.
This is useful for images used for the web, or when output files need
to be as small as possible</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Be careful not to use this option to remove author, copyright, and
license information that you are required to retain when redistributing
an image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-stroke"></a>-stroke <i><color></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>color to use when stroking a graphic primitive</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The color is specified using the format described under the <strong>-fill</strong>
option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
See <strong>-draw</strong> for further details.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-strokewidth"></a>-strokewidth <i><value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>set the stroke width</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
See <strong>-draw</strong> for further details.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-swirl"></a>-swirl <i><degrees></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>swirl image pixels about the center</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<em>Degrees</em> defines the tightness of the swirl.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-text-font"></a>-text-font <i><name></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>font for writing fixed-width text</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Specifies the name of the preferred font to use in fixed (typewriter style)
formatted text. The default is 14 point <em>Courier</em>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
You can tag a font to specify whether it is a PostScript, TrueType, or
X11 font. For example, <tt>Courier.ttf</tt> is a TrueType font
and <tt>x:fixed</tt> is X11.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-texture <i><filename></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>name of texture to tile onto the image background</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-threshold"></a>-threshold <i><value></i>{<i>%</i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>threshold the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Modify the image such that any pixel sample with an intensity value
greater than the threshold is assigned the maximum intensity (white), or
otherwise is assigned the minimum intensity (black). If a percent prefix
is applied, then the threshold is a percentage of the available range.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
To efficiently create a black and white image from a color image, use</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert -threshold 50% in.png out.png
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The optimum threshold value depends on the nature of the image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">In order to threshold individual channels, use the <strong>-operator</strong>
subcommand with it's <strong>Threshold</strong>, <strong>Threshold-White</strong>, or
<strong>Threshold-Black</strong> options.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-thumbnail"></a>-thumbnail <i><width>x<height></i>{<i>%</i>}<i></i>{<i>@</i>}<i></i>{<i>!</i>}<i></i>{<i><</i>}<i></i>{<i>></i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>resize an image (quickly)</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-thumbnail</strong> command resizes the image as quickly as
possible, with more concern for speed than resulting image quality.
Regardless, resulting image quality should be acceptable for many
uses. It is primarily intended to be used to generate smaller
versions of the image, but may also be used to enlarge the image. The
<strong>-thumbnail</strong> <strong>geometry</strong> argument observes the same syntax
and rules as it does for <strong>-resize</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-tile <i><filename></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>tile image when filling a graphic primitive</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-tile <i><geometry></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>layout of images [<em>montage</em>]</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-title"></a>-title <i><string></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>assign title to displayed image [<em>animate, display, montage</em>]</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use this option to assign a specific title to the image. This is
assigned to the image window and is typically displayed in the window
title bar. Optionally you can include the image filename, type,
width, height, Exif data, or other image attribute by embedding
special format characters described under the <strong>-format</strong>
option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
For example,</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
-title "%m:%f %wx%h"
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
produces an image title of <tt>MIFF:bird.miff 512x480</tt> for an image
titled <tt>bird.miff</tt> and whose width is 512 and height is 480.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-transform"></a>-transform
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>transform the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option applies the transformation matrix from a previous
<strong>-affine</strong> option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert -affine 2,2,-2,2,0,0 -transform bird.ppm bird.jpg
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-transparent"></a>-transparent <i><color></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>make this color transparent within the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The color is specified using the format described under the <strong>-fill</strong>
option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-treedepth"></a>-treedepth <i><value></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>tree depth for the color reduction algorithm</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Normally, this integer value is zero or one. A value of zero or one
causes the use of an optimal tree depth for the color reduction
algorithm</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
An optimal depth generally allows the best representation of the source
image with the fastest computational speed and the least amount of memory.
However, the default depth is inappropriate for some images. To assure
the best representation, try values between 2 and 8 for this parameter.
Refer to
<a href="quantize.html">quantize</a> for more details.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-colors</strong> or <strong>-monochrome</strong> option, or writing to an image
format which requires color reduction, is required for this option to
take effect.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-trim"></a>-trim
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>trim an image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option removes any edges that are exactly the same color as the
corner pixels. Use <strong>-fuzz</strong> to make <strong>-trim</strong> remove edges that
are nearly the same color as the corner pixels.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-type"></a>-type <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the image type</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choose from:
<strong>Bilevel</strong>, <strong>Grayscale</strong>, <strong>Palette</strong>,
<strong>PaletteMatte</strong>, <strong>TrueColor</strong>, <strong>TrueColorMatte</strong>,
<strong>ColorSeparation</strong>, <strong>ColorSeparationMatte</strong>, or <strong>Optimize</strong>.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Normally, when a format supports different subformats such as bilevel,
grayscale, palette, truecolor, and truecolor+alpha, the encoder will try
to choose a suitable subformat based on the nature of the image. The
<strong>-type</strong> option may be used to tailor the output subformat. By
default the output subformat is based on readily available image
information and is usually similar to the input format.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Specify <tt>-type Optimize</tt> in order to enable inspecting all pixels
(if necessary) in order to find the most efficient subformat. Inspecting
all of the pixels may be slow for very large images, particularly if they
are stored in a disk cache. If an RGB image contains only gray pixels,
then every pixel in the image must be inspected in order to decide that
the image is actually grayscale!</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Sometimes a specific subformat is desired. For example, to force a JPEG
image to be written in TrueColor RGB format even though only gray pixels
are present, use</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert bird.pgm -type TrueColor bird.jpg
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Similarly, using <tt>-type TrueColorMatte</tt> will force the encoder to
write an alpha channel even though the image is opaque, if the output
format supports transparency.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Some pseudo-formats (e.g. the XC format) will respect the requested
type if it occurs previously on the command line. For example, to obtain
a DirectClass solid color canvas image rather than PsuedoClass, use</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert -size 640x480 -type TrueColor xc:red red.miff
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Likewise, specify <strong>-type</strong> <strong>Bilevel</strong>, <strong>Grayscale</strong>,
<strong>TrueColor</strong>, or <strong>TrueColorMatte</strong> prior to reading a Postscript
(or PDF file) in order to influence the type of image that Ghostcript
returns. Reading performance will be dramatically improved for
black/white Postscript if <strong>Bilevel</strong> is specified, and will be
considerably faster if <strong>Grayscale</strong> is specified.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-update"></a>-update <i><seconds></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>
detect when image file is modified and redisplay.</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Suppose that while you are displaying an image the file that is currently
displayed is over-written.
<strong>display</strong> will automatically detect that
the input file has been changed and update the displayed image accordingly.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-units"></a>-units <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>the units of image resolution</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choose from: <strong>Undefined</strong>, <strong>PixelsPerInch</strong>, or
<strong>PixelsPerCentimeter</strong>. This option is normally used in conjunction
with the <strong>-density</strong> option.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-unsharp"></a>-unsharp <i><radius></i>{<i>x<sigma></i>}<i></i>{<i>+<amount></i>}<i></i>{<i>+<threshold></i>}<i></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>sharpen the image with an unsharp mask operator</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The <strong>-unsharp</strong> option sharpens an image. The image is convolved
with a Gaussian operator of the given radius and standard deviation
(sigma). For reasonable results, radius should be larger than sigma. Use
a radius of 0 to have the method select a suitable radius.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The parameters are:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<dl>
<dt>radius</dt>
<dd>
The radius of the Gaussian, in pixels, not counting the center pixel (default 0).
</dd>
<dt>sigma</dt>
<dd>
The standard deviation of the Gaussian, in pixels (default 1.0).
</dd>
<dt>amount</dt>
<dd>
The percentage of the difference between the original and the blur image that
is added back into the original (default 1.0).
</dd>
<dt>threshold</dt>
<dd>
The threshold, as a fraction of MaxRGB, needed to apply the difference
amount (default 0.05).
</dd>
</dl>
</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-use-pixmap
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>use the pixmap</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-verbose"></a>-verbose
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>print detailed information about the image</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This information is printed: image scene number; image name; image size;
the image class (<em>DirectClass</em> or <em>PseudoClass</em>); the total
number of unique colors; and the number of seconds to read and transform
the image. If the image is <em>DirectClass</em>, the total number of unique
colors is not displayed unless <strong>-verbose</strong> is specified twice since
it may take quite a long time to compute, particularly for deep images.
If the image is <em>PseudoClass</em> then its pixels are defined by indexes
into a colormap. If the image is <em>DirectClass</em> then each pixel
includes a complete and independent color specification.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If <strong>-colors</strong> is also specified, the total unique colors in the image
and color reduction error values are printed. Refer to <a href="quantize.html">quantize</a>
for a description of these values.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-version"></a>-version
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>print GraphicsMagick version string</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-view <i><string></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>FlashPix viewing parameters</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-virtual-pixel"></a>-virtual-pixel <i><method></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>specify contents of "virtual pixels"</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option
defines "virtual pixels" for use in operations that can access pixels outside
the boundaries of an image.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choose from these methods:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<dl>
<dt>Constant</dt>
<dd>
Use the image background color.
</dd>
<dt>Edge</dt>
<dd>
Extend the edge pixel toward infinity (default).
</dd>
<dt>Mirror</dt>
<dd>
Mirror the image.
</dd>
<dt>Tile</dt>
<dd>
Tile the image.
</dd>
</dl>
</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
This option affects operations that use
virtual pixels such as <strong>-blur</strong>, <strong>-sharpen</strong>, <strong>-wave</strong>, etc.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-visual"></a>-visual <i><type></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>animate images using this X visual type</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Choose from these visual classes:</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
StaticGray
GrayScale
StaticColor
PseudoColor
TrueColor
DirectColor
default
visual id
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The X server must support the visual you choose, otherwise an error occurs.
If a visual is not specified, the visual class that can display the most
simultaneous colors on the default screen is chosen.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-watermark <i><brightness>x<saturation></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>percent brightness and saturation of a watermark</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-wave"></a>-wave <i><amplitude>x<wavelength></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>alter an image along a sine wave</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Specify <em>amplitude</em> and <em>wavelength</em>
of the wave.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-white-point"></a>-white-point <i><x>,<y></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>chromaticity white point</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-white-threshold"></a>-white-threshold <i>red[,green][,blue][,opacity]</i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>pixels above the threshold become white</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>-white-threshold</strong> to set pixels with values above the specified
threshold to maximum value (white). If only one value is supplied, or the
red, green, and blue values are identical, then intensity thresholding is
used. If the color threshold values are not identical then channel-based
thresholding is used, and color distortion will occur. Specify a negative
value (e.g. -1) if you want a channel to be ignored but you do want to
threshold a channel later in the list. If a percent (%) symbol is
appended, then the values are treated as a percentage of maximum
range.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-window"></a>-window <i><id></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>make image the background of a window</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
<em>id</em> can be a window id or name. Specify <strong>root</strong> to
select X's root window as the target window.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
By default the image is tiled onto the background of the target
window. If <strong>backdrop</strong> or <strong>-geometry</strong> are
specified, the image is surrounded by the background color. Refer to
<strong>X RESOURCES</strong> for details.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The image will not display on the root window if the image has more
unique colors than the target window colormap allows. Use
<strong>-colors</strong> to reduce the number of colors.</font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
-window-group
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>specify the window group</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-write"></a>-write <i><filename></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>write an intermediate image [<em>convert, composite</em>]</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The current image is written to the specified filename and then
processing continues using that image. The following is an example of how
several sizes of an image may be generated in one command (repeat as
often as needed):</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
gm convert input.jpg -resize 50% -write input50.jpg \
-resize 25% input25.jpg
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a name="details-write"></a>-write <i><filename></i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>write the image to a file [<em>display</em>]</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
If <em>filename</em> already exists, you will be prompted as to whether it should
be overwritten.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
By default, the image is written in the format that it was read in as.
To specify a particular image format, prefix <em>filename</em> with the
image type and a colon (e.g., ps:image) or specify the image type as
the filename suffix (e.g., image.ps). Specify file as - for standard
output. If file has the extension <strong>.Z</strong> or <strong>.gz</strong>, the file
size is <strong>compressed</strong> using compress or <strong>gzip</strong>
respectively. Precede the image file name with | to pipe to a system
command.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
Use <strong>-compress</strong> to specify the type of image compression.</font></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1">
The equivalent X resource for this option is
<strong>writeFilename</strong> (class <strong>WriteFilename</strong>).
See
<a href="#xres">X Resources</a>
for details.</font></td></tr></table>
</td></tr></table>
<p>
<i><a href="#top">Back to Contents</a></i>
</p>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%">
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img
SRC="images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0
height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font
color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a NAME="envi"></a>Environment
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="94%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8">
<tr><td width="3%"><br></td><td>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
COLUMNS
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Output screen width. Used when formatting text for the screen. Many
Unix systems keep this shell variable up to date, but it may need to be
explicitly exported in order for GraphicsMagick to see it.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
DISPLAY
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>X11 display ID (host, display number, and screen in the form
hostname:display.screen).</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
HOME
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Location of user's home directory. For security reasons, now only
observed by "uninstalled" builds of GraphicsMagick which do not have
their location hard-coded or set by an installer. When supported,
GraphicsMagick searches for configuration files in $HOME/.magick if
the directory exists. See <strong>MAGICK_CODER_MODULE_PATH</strong>,
<strong>MAGICK_CONFIGURE_PATH</strong>, and <strong>MAGICK_FILTER_MODULE_PATH</strong> if
more flexibility is needed.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_ACCESS_MONITOR
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>When set to <strong>TRUE</strong>, command line monitor mode (enabled by
<strong>-monitor</strong>) will also show files accessed (including temporary
files) and any external commands which are executed. This is useful
for debugging, but also illustrates arguments made available to an
access handler registered by the
<strong>MagickSetConfirmAccessHandler()</strong> C library function.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_CODER_STABILITY
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>The minimum coder stability level before it will be used. The
available levels are <strong>PRIMARY</strong>, <strong>STABLE</strong>, <strong>UNSTABLE</strong>,
and <strong>BROKEN</strong>. The default minimum level is <strong>UNSTABLE</strong>,
which means that all available working coders will be used. The
purpose of this option is to reduce the security exposure (or apparent
complexity) due to the huge number of formats supported. Coders at the
<strong>PRIMARY</strong> level are commonly used formats with very well
maintained implementations. Coders at the <strong>STABLE</strong> level are
reasonably well maintained but represent less used formats. Coders at
the <strong>UNSTABLE</strong> level either have weak implementations, the file
format itself is weak, or the probability the coder will be needed is
vanishingly small. Coders at the <strong>BROKEN</strong> level are known to
often not work properly or might not be useful in their current state
at all.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_CODER_MODULE_PATH
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Search path to use when searching for image format coder modules.
This path allows the user to arbitrarily extend the image formats
supported by GraphicsMagick by adding loadable modules to an arbitrary
location rather than copying them into the GraphicsMagick installation
directory. The formatting of the search path is similar to operating
system search paths (i.e. colon delimited for Unix, and semi-colon
delimited for Microsoft Windows). This user specified search path is used
before trying the default search path.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_CONFIGURE_PATH
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Search path to use when searching for configuration (.mgk) files.
The formatting of the search path is similar to operating system search
paths (i.e. colon delimited for Unix, and semi-colon delimited for
Microsoft Windows). This user specified search path is used before trying
the default search path.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_DEBUG
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Debug options (see <strong>-debug</strong> for details). Setting the
configure debug option via an environment variable
(e.g. <strong>MAGICK_DEBUG=configure</strong>) is necessary to see the complete
initialization process, which includes searching for configuration
files.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_FILTER_MODULE_PATH
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Search path to use when searching for filter process modules
(invoked via <strong>-process</strong>). This path allows the user to arbitrarily
extend GraphicsMagick's image processing functionality by adding loadable
modules to an arbitrary location rather than copying them into the
GraphicsMagick installation directory. The formatting of the search path
is similar to operating system search paths (i.e. colon delimited for
Unix, and semi-colon delimited for Microsoft Windows). This user
specified search path is used before trying the default search path.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_GHOSTSCRIPT_PATH
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>For Microsoft Windows, specify the path to the Ghostscript
installation rather than searching for it via the Windows registry.
This helps in case Ghostscript is not installed via the Ghostscript
Windows installer or the user wants more control over the Ghostscript
used.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_HOME
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Path to top of GraphicsMagick installation directory. Only observed
by "uninstalled" builds of GraphicsMagick which do not have their location
hard-coded or set by an installer.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_MMAP_READ
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>If <strong>MAGICK_MMAP_READ</strong> is set to <strong>TRUE</strong>, GraphicsMagick
will attempt to memory-map the input file for reading. This usually
substantially improves repeated read performance since the file is
already in memory after the first time it has been read. However,
testing shows that performance may be reduced for files accessed for
the first time since data is accessed via page-faults (upon first
access) and many operating systems fail to do sequential read-ahead of
memory mapped files, and particularly if those files are accessed over
a network. If many large input files are read, then enabling this
option may harm performance by overloading the operating system's VM
system as it then needs to free unmapped pages and map new ones.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_IO_FSYNC
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>If <strong>MAGICK_IO_FSYNC</strong> is set to <strong>TRUE</strong>, then GraphicsMagick
will request that the output file is fully flushed and synchronized to
disk when it is closed. This incurs a performance penalty, but has the
benefit that if the power fails or the system crashes, the file should be
valid on disk. If image files are referenced from a database, then this
option helps assure that the files referenced by the database are
valid.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_IOBUF_SIZE
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>The amount of I/O buffering (in bytes) to use when reading and
writing encoded files. The default is 16384, which is observed to work
well for many cases. The best value for a local filesystem is usually the
the native filesystem block size (e.g. 4096, 8192, or even 131,072 for
ZFS) in order to minimize the number of physical disk I/O operations.
I/O performance to files accessed over a network may benefit
significantly by tuning this option. Larger values are not necessarily
better (they may be slower!), and there is rarely any benefit from using
values larger than 32768. Use convert's <strong>-verbose</strong> option in order
to evaluate read and write rates in pixels per second while keeping in
mind that the operating system will try to cache files in RAM.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_LIMIT_DISK
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Maximum amount of disk space allowed for use by the pixel cache.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_LIMIT_FILES
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Maximum number of open files.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_LIMIT_MAP
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Maximum size of a memory mapped file allocation. A memory mapped
file consumes memory when the file is accessed, although the system
may reclaim such memory when needed.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_LIMIT_MEMORY
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Maximum amount of memory to allocate from the heap.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_LIMIT_PIXELS
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Maximum number of total pixels (image rows times image colums) to
allow for any image which is requested to be created or read. This is
useful to place a limit on how large an image may be. If the input
image file has image dimensions larger than the pixel limit, then the
image memory allocation is denied and an error is returned
immediately. This is a per-image limit and does not limit the total
number of pixels due to multiple image frames/pages (e.g. multi-page
document or an animation).</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_LIMIT_READ
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Maximum number of uncompressed bytes which may be read while
decoding an image. Each read by the software from the input file is
counted against the total, even if it has been read before. Decoding
fails when the limit is reached. This limit helps defend against
highly compressed files (e.g. via gzip), or files which use complex
looping structures, or when data is being read from a stream
(pipe).</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_LIMIT_WIDTH
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Maximum pixel width of an image read, or created.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_LIMIT_HEIGHT
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Maximum pixel height of an image read, or created.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
MAGICK_TMPDIR
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>Path to directory where GraphicsMagick should write temporary
files. The default is to use the system default, or the location set by
<strong>TMPDIR</strong>.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
TMPDIR
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>For POSIX-compatible systems (Unix-compatible), the path to the
directory where all applications should write temporary files.
Overridden by <strong>MAGICK_TMPDIR</strong> if it is set.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
TMP <i>or TEMP</i>
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>For Microsoft Windows, the path to the directory where applications
should write temporary files. Overridden by <strong>MAGICK_TMPDIR</strong> if it
is set.</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
OMP_NUM_THREADS
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>As per the OpenMP standard, this specifies the number of threads to
use in parallel regions. Some compilers default the number of threads to
use to the number of processor cores available while others default to
just one thread. See the OpenMP specification for other standard
adjustments and your compiler's manual for vendor-specific settings.</td></tr></table>
</td></tr></table>
<p>
<i><a href="#top">Back to Contents</a></i>
</p>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%">
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img
SRC="images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0
height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font
color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a NAME="file"></a>Configuration Files
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="94%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8">
<tr><td width="3%"><br></td><td>
<p>GraphicsMagick uses a number of XML format configuration files:
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
colors.mgk
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>colors configuration file</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<colormap>
<color name="AliceBlue" red="240" green="248" blue="255"
compliance="SVG, X11, XPM" />
</colormap>
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
delegates.mgk
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>delegates configuration file</td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
log.mgk
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>logging configuration file</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<magicklog>
<log events="None" />
<log output="stdout" />
<log filename="Magick-%d.log" />
<log generations="3" />
<log limit="2000" />
<log format="%t %r %u %p %m/%f/%l/%d:\n %e" />
</magicklog>
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
modules.mgk
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>loadable modules configuration file</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<modulemap>
<module magick="8BIM" name="META" />
</modulemap>
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="94%">
<tr>
<td width="3%"><br></td>
<td ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF">
<img SRC="images/right_triangle_option.png"
ALT=">" BORDER=0 height=14
width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"
><font color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
type.mgk
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td>master type (fonts) configuration file</td></tr></table>
<table width="90%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8"> <tr><td width="6%"><br></td><td><font size="-1"><pre>
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<typemap>
<<strong></strong>include file="type-windows.mgk" />
<type
name="AvantGarde-Book"
fullname="AvantGarde Book"
family="AvantGarde"
foundry="URW"
weight="400"
style="normal"
stretch="normal"
format="type1"
metrics="/usr/local/share/ghostscript/fonts/a010013l.afm"
glyphs="/usr/local/share/ghostscript/fonts/a010013l.pfb"
/>
</typemap>
</pre></font></td></tr></table>
</td></tr></table>
<p>
<i><a href="#top">Back to Contents</a></i>
</p>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%">
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img
SRC="images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0
height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font
color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a NAME="auth"></a>Authors
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="94%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8">
<tr><td width="3%"><br></td><td>
<p>
<em>
John Cristy,<br>
Bob Friesenhahn,<br>
Glenn Randers-Pehrson,<br>
William Radcliff,<br>
Leonard Rosenthol,<br>
Lars Ruben Skyum,<br>
Jaroslav Fojtik,<br>
and many more.
</em>
<br> <br>
</td></tr></table>
<p>
<i><a href="#top">Back to Contents</a></i>
</p>
<table BORDER=0 WIDTH="100%">
<tr>
<td ALIGN=LEFT bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><img
SRC="images/right_triangle.png" ALT=">" BORDER=0
height=14 width=15><b><font face="Helvetica, Arial"><font
color="#00B04F"><font size="+1">
<a NAME="copy"></a>Copyright
</font></font></font></b></td></tr></table>
<table width="94%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="8">
<tr><td width="3%"><br></td><td>
<p>
<strong>Copyright (C) 2002 - 2022 GraphicsMagick Group.</strong> Additional
copyrights apply. Please see see
http://www.GraphicsMagick.org/Copyright.html for details.
<p>
</td></tr></table>
<p>
<i><a href="#top">Back to Contents</a></i>
</p>
<HR>
[<a href="index.html">Home</a>] [<a href="utilities.html">Utilities Index</a>]
<BR>
<p align=center <a href="Copyright.html">Copyright © GraphicsMagick Group 2002 - 2022</a></p></td>
</tr></table>
</body></html>
|
