media: admin-guide: Document the Raspberry Pi PiSP BE

Add documentation for the PiSP Back End memory-to-memory ISP.

Signed-off-by: Jacopo Mondi <jacopo.mondi@ideasonboard.com>

3 files changed, 130 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/media/raspberrypi-pisp-be.dot b/Documentation/admin-guide/media/raspberrypi-pisp-be.dot
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..55671dc1d443
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/media/raspberrypi-pisp-be.dot
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+digraph board {
+	rankdir=TB
+	n00000001 [label="{{<port0> 0 | <port1> 1 | <port2> 2 | <port7> 7} | pispbe\n | {<port3> 3 | <port4> 4 | <port5> 5 | <port6> 6}}", shape=Mrecord, style=filled, fillcolor=green]
+	n00000001:port3 -> n0000001c [style=bold]
+	n00000001:port4 -> n00000022 [style=bold]
+	n00000001:port5 -> n00000028 [style=bold]
+	n00000001:port6 -> n0000002e [style=bold]
+	n0000000a [label="pispbe-input\n/dev/video0", shape=box, style=filled, fillcolor=yellow]
+	n0000000a -> n00000001:port0 [style=bold]
+	n00000010 [label="pispbe-tdn_input\n/dev/video1", shape=box, style=filled, fillcolor=yellow]
+	n00000010 -> n00000001:port1 [style=bold]
+	n00000016 [label="pispbe-stitch_input\n/dev/video2", shape=box, style=filled, fillcolor=yellow]
+	n00000016 -> n00000001:port2 [style=bold]
+	n0000001c [label="pispbe-output0\n/dev/video3", shape=box, style=filled, fillcolor=yellow]
+	n00000022 [label="pispbe-output1\n/dev/video4", shape=box, style=filled, fillcolor=yellow]
+	n00000028 [label="pispbe-tdn_output\n/dev/video5", shape=box, style=filled, fillcolor=yellow]
+	n0000002e [label="pispbe-stitch_output\n/dev/video6", shape=box, style=filled, fillcolor=yellow]
+	n00000034 [label="pispbe-config\n/dev/video7", shape=box, style=filled, fillcolor=yellow]
+	n00000034 -> n00000001:port7 [style=bold]
+}
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/media/raspberrypi-pisp-be.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/media/raspberrypi-pisp-be.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0fcf46f26276
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/media/raspberrypi-pisp-be.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+=========================================================
+Raspberry Pi PiSP Back End Memory-to-Memory ISP (pisp-be)
+=========================================================
+
+The PiSP Back End
+=================
+
+The PiSP Back End is a memory-to-memory Image Signal Processor (ISP) which reads
+image data from DRAM memory and performs image processing as specified by the
+application through the parameters in a configuration buffer, before writing
+pixel data back to memory through two distinct output channels.
+
+The ISP registers and programming model are documented in the `Raspberry Pi
+Image Signal Processor (PiSP) Specification document`_
+
+The PiSP Back End ISP processes images in tiles. The handling of image
+tessellation and the computation of low-level configuration parameters is
+realized by a free software library called `libpisp
+<https://github.com/raspberrypi/libpisp>`_.
+
+The full image processing pipeline, which involves capturing RAW Bayer data from
+an image sensor through a MIPI CSI-2 compatible capture interface, storing them
+in DRAM memory and processing them in the PiSP Back End to obtain images usable
+by an application is implemented in `libcamera <https://libcamera.org>`_ as
+part of the Raspberry Pi platform support.
+
+The pisp-be driver
+==================
+
+The Raspberry Pi PiSP Back End (pisp-be) driver is located under
+drivers/media/platform/raspberrypi/pisp-be. It uses the `V4L2 API` to register
+a number of video capture and output devices, the `V4L2 subdev API` to register
+a subdevice for the ISP that connects the video devices in a single media graph
+realized using the `Media Controller (MC) API`.
+
+The media topology registered by the `pisp-be` driver is represented below:
+
+.. _pips-be-topology:
+
+.. kernel-figure:: raspberrypi-pisp-be.dot
+    :alt:   Diagram of the default media pipeline topology
+    :align: center
+
+
+The media graph registers the following video device nodes:
+
+- pispbe-input: output device for images to be submitted to the ISP for
+  processing.
+- pispbe-tdn_input: output device for temporal denoise.
+- pispbe-stitch_input: output device for image stitching (HDR).
+- pispbe-output0: first capture device for processed images.
+- pispbe-output1: second capture device for processed images.
+- pispbe-tdn_output: capture device for temporal denoise.
+- pispbe-stitch_output: capture device for image stitching (HDR).
+- pispbe-config: output device for ISP configuration parameters.
+
+pispbe-input
+------------
+
+Images to be processed by the ISP are queued to the `pispbe-input` output device
+node. For a list of image formats supported as input to the ISP refer to the
+`Raspberry Pi Image Signal Processor (PiSP) Specification document`_.
+
+pispbe-tdn_input, pispbe-tdn_output
+-----------------------------------
+
+The `pispbe-tdn_input` output video device receives images to be processed by
+the temporal denoise block which are captured from the `pispbe-tdn_output`
+capture video device. Userspace is responsible for maintaining queues on both
+devices, and ensuring that buffers completed on the output are queued to the
+input.
+
+pispbe-stitch_input, pispbe-stitch_output
+-----------------------------------------
+
+To realize HDR (high dynamic range) image processing the image stitching and
+tonemapping blocks are used. The `pispbe-stitch_output` writes images to memory
+and the `pispbe-stitch_input` receives the previously written frame to process
+it along with the current input image. Userspace is responsible for maintaining
+queues on both devices, and ensuring that buffers completed on the output are
+queued to the input.
+
+pispbe-output0, pispbe-output1
+------------------------------
+
+The two capture devices write to memory the pixel data as processed by the ISP.
+
+pispbe-config
+-------------
+
+The `pispbe-config` output video devices receives a buffer of configuration
+parameters that define the desired image processing to be performed by the ISP.
+
+The format of the ISP configuration parameter is defined by
+:c:type:`pisp_be_tiles_config` C structure and the meaning of each parameter is
+described in the `Raspberry Pi Image Signal Processor (PiSP) Specification
+document`_.
+
+ISP configuration
+=================
+
+The ISP configuration is described solely by the content of the parameters
+buffer. The only parameter that userspace needs to configure using the V4L2 API
+is the image format on the output and capture video devices for validation of
+the content of the parameters buffer.
+
+.. _Raspberry Pi Image Signal Processor (PiSP) Specification document: https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/camera/raspberry-pi-image-signal-processor-specification.pdf
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/media/v4l-drivers.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/media/v4l-drivers.rst
index 1c41f87c3917..53e075cbdf70 100644
--- a/Documentation/admin-guide/media/v4l-drivers.rst
+++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/media/v4l-drivers.rst
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ Video4Linux (V4L) driver-specific documentation
 	omap4_camera
 	philips
 	qcom_camss
+	raspberrypi-pisp-be
 	rcar-fdp1
 	rkisp1
 	saa7134