diff options
author | Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> | 2007-11-21 23:27:52 +0900 |
---|---|---|
committer | Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org> | 2008-01-28 13:18:55 +0900 |
commit | b4eaa1cc7ce8203ac9af9184c49c635ce79592b1 (patch) | |
tree | 83d71382fed9cc992cd6a1c23e6ec28fef304f2a /arch/sh/drivers | |
parent | 18bc81319b438ae3266e1b2653ce874912dae891 (diff) | |
download | linux-3.10-b4eaa1cc7ce8203ac9af9184c49c635ce79592b1.tar.gz linux-3.10-b4eaa1cc7ce8203ac9af9184c49c635ce79592b1.tar.bz2 linux-3.10-b4eaa1cc7ce8203ac9af9184c49c635ce79592b1.zip |
sh: Kill off the rest of arch/sh64/kernel/.
Signed-off-by: Paul Mundt <lethal@linux-sh.org>
Diffstat (limited to 'arch/sh/drivers')
-rw-r--r-- | arch/sh/drivers/pci/pci-sh5.c | 536 | ||||
-rw-r--r-- | arch/sh/drivers/pci/pci-sh5.h | 107 |
2 files changed, 643 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/arch/sh/drivers/pci/pci-sh5.c b/arch/sh/drivers/pci/pci-sh5.c new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b4d9534d2b0 --- /dev/null +++ b/arch/sh/drivers/pci/pci-sh5.c @@ -0,0 +1,536 @@ +/* + * Copyright (C) 2001 David J. Mckay (david.mckay@st.com) + * Copyright (C) 2003, 2004 Paul Mundt + * Copyright (C) 2004 Richard Curnow + * + * May be copied or modified under the terms of the GNU General Public + * License. See linux/COPYING for more information. + * + * Support functions for the SH5 PCI hardware. + */ + +#include <linux/kernel.h> +#include <linux/rwsem.h> +#include <linux/smp.h> +#include <linux/interrupt.h> +#include <linux/init.h> +#include <linux/errno.h> +#include <linux/pci.h> +#include <linux/delay.h> +#include <linux/types.h> +#include <asm/pci.h> +#include <linux/irq.h> + +#include <asm/io.h> +#include <asm/hardware.h> +#include "pci_sh5.h" + +static unsigned long pcicr_virt; +unsigned long pciio_virt; + +static void __init pci_fixup_ide_bases(struct pci_dev *d) +{ + int i; + + /* + * PCI IDE controllers use non-standard I/O port decoding, respect it. + */ + if ((d->class >> 8) != PCI_CLASS_STORAGE_IDE) + return; + printk("PCI: IDE base address fixup for %s\n", pci_name(d)); + for(i=0; i<4; i++) { + struct resource *r = &d->resource[i]; + if ((r->start & ~0x80) == 0x374) { + r->start |= 2; + r->end = r->start; + } + } +} +DECLARE_PCI_FIXUP_HEADER(PCI_ANY_ID, PCI_ANY_ID, pci_fixup_ide_bases); + +char * __devinit pcibios_setup(char *str) +{ + return str; +} + +/* Rounds a number UP to the nearest power of two. Used for + * sizing the PCI window. + */ +static u32 __init r2p2(u32 num) +{ + int i = 31; + u32 tmp = num; + + if (num == 0) + return 0; + + do { + if (tmp & (1 << 31)) + break; + i--; + tmp <<= 1; + } while (i >= 0); + + tmp = 1 << i; + /* If the original number isn't a power of 2, round it up */ + if (tmp != num) + tmp <<= 1; + + return tmp; +} + +extern unsigned long long memory_start, memory_end; + +int __init sh5pci_init(unsigned memStart, unsigned memSize) +{ + u32 lsr0; + u32 uval; + + pcicr_virt = onchip_remap(SH5PCI_ICR_BASE, 1024, "PCICR"); + if (!pcicr_virt) { + panic("Unable to remap PCICR\n"); + } + + pciio_virt = onchip_remap(SH5PCI_IO_BASE, 0x10000, "PCIIO"); + if (!pciio_virt) { + panic("Unable to remap PCIIO\n"); + } + + pr_debug("Register base addres is 0x%08lx\n", pcicr_virt); + + /* Clear snoop registers */ + SH5PCI_WRITE(CSCR0, 0); + SH5PCI_WRITE(CSCR1, 0); + + pr_debug("Wrote to reg\n"); + + /* Switch off interrupts */ + SH5PCI_WRITE(INTM, 0); + SH5PCI_WRITE(AINTM, 0); + SH5PCI_WRITE(PINTM, 0); + + /* Set bus active, take it out of reset */ + uval = SH5PCI_READ(CR); + + /* Set command Register */ + SH5PCI_WRITE(CR, uval | CR_LOCK_MASK | CR_CFINT| CR_FTO | CR_PFE | CR_PFCS | CR_BMAM); + + uval=SH5PCI_READ(CR); + pr_debug("CR is actually 0x%08x\n",uval); + + /* Allow it to be a master */ + /* NB - WE DISABLE I/O ACCESS to stop overlap */ + /* set WAIT bit to enable stepping, an attempt to improve stability */ + SH5PCI_WRITE_SHORT(CSR_CMD, + PCI_COMMAND_MEMORY | PCI_COMMAND_MASTER | PCI_COMMAND_WAIT); + + /* + ** Set translation mapping memory in order to convert the address + ** used for the main bus, to the PCI internal address. + */ + SH5PCI_WRITE(MBR,0x40000000); + + /* Always set the max size 512M */ + SH5PCI_WRITE(MBMR, PCISH5_MEM_SIZCONV(512*1024*1024)); + + /* + ** I/O addresses are mapped at internal PCI specific address + ** as is described into the configuration bridge table. + ** These are changed to 0, to allow cards that have legacy + ** io such as vga to function correctly. We set the SH5 IOBAR to + ** 256K, which is a bit big as we can only have 64K of address space + */ + + SH5PCI_WRITE(IOBR,0x0); + + pr_debug("PCI:Writing 0x%08x to IOBR\n",0); + + /* Set up a 256K window. Totally pointless waste of address space */ + SH5PCI_WRITE(IOBMR,0); + pr_debug("PCI:Writing 0x%08x to IOBMR\n",0); + + /* The SH5 has a HUGE 256K I/O region, which breaks the PCI spec. Ideally, + * we would want to map the I/O region somewhere, but it is so big this is not + * that easy! + */ + SH5PCI_WRITE(CSR_IBAR0,~0); + /* Set memory size value */ + memSize = memory_end - memory_start; + + /* Now we set up the mbars so the PCI bus can see the memory of the machine */ + if (memSize < (1024 * 1024)) { + printk(KERN_ERR "PCISH5: Ridiculous memory size of 0x%x?\n", memSize); + return -EINVAL; + } + + /* Set LSR 0 */ + lsr0 = (memSize > (512 * 1024 * 1024)) ? 0x1ff00001 : ((r2p2(memSize) - 0x100000) | 0x1); + SH5PCI_WRITE(LSR0, lsr0); + + pr_debug("PCI:Writing 0x%08x to LSR0\n",lsr0); + + /* Set MBAR 0 */ + SH5PCI_WRITE(CSR_MBAR0, memory_start); + SH5PCI_WRITE(LAR0, memory_start); + + SH5PCI_WRITE(CSR_MBAR1,0); + SH5PCI_WRITE(LAR1,0); + SH5PCI_WRITE(LSR1,0); + + pr_debug("PCI:Writing 0x%08llx to CSR_MBAR0\n",memory_start); + pr_debug("PCI:Writing 0x%08llx to LAR0\n",memory_start); + + /* Enable the PCI interrupts on the device */ + SH5PCI_WRITE(INTM, ~0); + SH5PCI_WRITE(AINTM, ~0); + SH5PCI_WRITE(PINTM, ~0); + + pr_debug("Switching on all error interrupts\n"); + + return(0); +} + +static int sh5pci_read(struct pci_bus *bus, unsigned int devfn, int where, + int size, u32 *val) +{ + SH5PCI_WRITE(PAR, CONFIG_CMD(bus, devfn, where)); + + switch (size) { + case 1: + *val = (u8)SH5PCI_READ_BYTE(PDR + (where & 3)); + break; + case 2: + *val = (u16)SH5PCI_READ_SHORT(PDR + (where & 2)); + break; + case 4: + *val = SH5PCI_READ(PDR); + break; + } + + return PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL; +} + +static int sh5pci_write(struct pci_bus *bus, unsigned int devfn, int where, + int size, u32 val) +{ + SH5PCI_WRITE(PAR, CONFIG_CMD(bus, devfn, where)); + + switch (size) { + case 1: + SH5PCI_WRITE_BYTE(PDR + (where & 3), (u8)val); + break; + case 2: + SH5PCI_WRITE_SHORT(PDR + (where & 2), (u16)val); + break; + case 4: + SH5PCI_WRITE(PDR, val); + break; + } + + return PCIBIOS_SUCCESSFUL; +} + +static struct pci_ops pci_config_ops = { + .read = sh5pci_read, + .write = sh5pci_write, +}; + +/* Everything hangs off this */ +static struct pci_bus *pci_root_bus; + + +static u8 __init no_swizzle(struct pci_dev *dev, u8 * pin) +{ + pr_debug("swizzle for dev %d on bus %d slot %d pin is %d\n", + dev->devfn,dev->bus->number, PCI_SLOT(dev->devfn),*pin); + return PCI_SLOT(dev->devfn); +} + +static inline u8 bridge_swizzle(u8 pin, u8 slot) +{ + return (((pin-1) + slot) % 4) + 1; +} + +u8 __init common_swizzle(struct pci_dev *dev, u8 *pinp) +{ + if (dev->bus->number != 0) { + u8 pin = *pinp; + do { + pin = bridge_swizzle(pin, PCI_SLOT(dev->devfn)); + /* Move up the chain of bridges. */ + dev = dev->bus->self; + } while (dev->bus->self); + *pinp = pin; + + /* The slot is the slot of the last bridge. */ + } + + return PCI_SLOT(dev->devfn); +} + +/* This needs to be shunted out of here into the board specific bit */ + +static int __init map_cayman_irq(struct pci_dev *dev, u8 slot, u8 pin) +{ + int result = -1; + + /* The complication here is that the PCI IRQ lines from the Cayman's 2 + 5V slots get into the CPU via a different path from the IRQ lines + from the 3 3.3V slots. Thus, we have to detect whether the card's + interrupts go via the 5V or 3.3V path, i.e. the 'bridge swizzling' + at the point where we cross from 5V to 3.3V is not the normal case. + + The added complication is that we don't know that the 5V slots are + always bus 2, because a card containing a PCI-PCI bridge may be + plugged into a 3.3V slot, and this changes the bus numbering. + + Also, the Cayman has an intermediate PCI bus that goes a custom + expansion board header (and to the secondary bridge). This bus has + never been used in practice. + + The 1ary onboard PCI-PCI bridge is device 3 on bus 0 + The 2ary onboard PCI-PCI bridge is device 0 on the 2ary bus of the 1ary bridge. + */ + + struct slot_pin { + int slot; + int pin; + } path[4]; + int i=0; + + while (dev->bus->number > 0) { + + slot = path[i].slot = PCI_SLOT(dev->devfn); + pin = path[i].pin = bridge_swizzle(pin, slot); + dev = dev->bus->self; + i++; + if (i > 3) panic("PCI path to root bus too long!\n"); + } + + slot = PCI_SLOT(dev->devfn); + /* This is the slot on bus 0 through which the device is eventually + reachable. */ + + /* Now work back up. */ + if ((slot < 3) || (i == 0)) { + /* Bus 0 (incl. PCI-PCI bridge itself) : perform the final + swizzle now. */ + result = IRQ_INTA + bridge_swizzle(pin, slot) - 1; + } else { + i--; + slot = path[i].slot; + pin = path[i].pin; + if (slot > 0) { + panic("PCI expansion bus device found - not handled!\n"); + } else { + if (i > 0) { + /* 5V slots */ + i--; + slot = path[i].slot; + pin = path[i].pin; + /* 'pin' was swizzled earlier wrt slot, don't do it again. */ + result = IRQ_P2INTA + (pin - 1); + } else { + /* IRQ for 2ary PCI-PCI bridge : unused */ + result = -1; + } + } + } + + return result; +} + +static irqreturn_t pcish5_err_irq(int irq, void *dev_id) +{ + struct pt_regs *regs = get_irq_regs(); + unsigned pci_int, pci_air, pci_cir, pci_aint; + + pci_int = SH5PCI_READ(INT); + pci_cir = SH5PCI_READ(CIR); + pci_air = SH5PCI_READ(AIR); + + if (pci_int) { + printk("PCI INTERRUPT (at %08llx)!\n", regs->pc); + printk("PCI INT -> 0x%x\n", pci_int & 0xffff); + printk("PCI AIR -> 0x%x\n", pci_air); + printk("PCI CIR -> 0x%x\n", pci_cir); + SH5PCI_WRITE(INT, ~0); + } + + pci_aint = SH5PCI_READ(AINT); + if (pci_aint) { + printk("PCI ARB INTERRUPT!\n"); + printk("PCI AINT -> 0x%x\n", pci_aint); + printk("PCI AIR -> 0x%x\n", pci_air); + printk("PCI CIR -> 0x%x\n", pci_cir); + SH5PCI_WRITE(AINT, ~0); + } + + return IRQ_HANDLED; +} + +static irqreturn_t pcish5_serr_irq(int irq, void *dev_id) +{ + printk("SERR IRQ\n"); + + return IRQ_NONE; +} + +static void __init +pcibios_size_bridge(struct pci_bus *bus, struct resource *ior, + struct resource *memr) +{ + struct resource io_res, mem_res; + struct pci_dev *dev; + struct pci_dev *bridge = bus->self; + struct list_head *ln; + + if (!bridge) + return; /* host bridge, nothing to do */ + + /* set reasonable default locations for pcibios_align_resource */ + io_res.start = PCIBIOS_MIN_IO; + mem_res.start = PCIBIOS_MIN_MEM; + + io_res.end = io_res.start; + mem_res.end = mem_res.start; + + /* Collect information about how our direct children are layed out. */ + for (ln=bus->devices.next; ln != &bus->devices; ln=ln->next) { + int i; + dev = pci_dev_b(ln); + + /* Skip bridges for now */ + if (dev->class >> 8 == PCI_CLASS_BRIDGE_PCI) + continue; + + for (i = 0; i < PCI_NUM_RESOURCES; i++) { + struct resource res; + unsigned long size; + + memcpy(&res, &dev->resource[i], sizeof(res)); + size = res.end - res.start + 1; + + if (res.flags & IORESOURCE_IO) { + res.start = io_res.end; + pcibios_align_resource(dev, &res, size, 0); + io_res.end = res.start + size; + } else if (res.flags & IORESOURCE_MEM) { + res.start = mem_res.end; + pcibios_align_resource(dev, &res, size, 0); + mem_res.end = res.start + size; + } + } + } + + /* And for all of the subordinate busses. */ + for (ln=bus->children.next; ln != &bus->children; ln=ln->next) + pcibios_size_bridge(pci_bus_b(ln), &io_res, &mem_res); + + /* turn the ending locations into sizes (subtract start) */ + io_res.end -= io_res.start; + mem_res.end -= mem_res.start; + + /* Align the sizes up by bridge rules */ + io_res.end = ALIGN(io_res.end, 4*1024) - 1; + mem_res.end = ALIGN(mem_res.end, 1*1024*1024) - 1; + + /* Adjust the bridge's allocation requirements */ + bridge->resource[0].end = bridge->resource[0].start + io_res.end; + bridge->resource[1].end = bridge->resource[1].start + mem_res.end; + + bridge->resource[PCI_BRIDGE_RESOURCES].end = + bridge->resource[PCI_BRIDGE_RESOURCES].start + io_res.end; + bridge->resource[PCI_BRIDGE_RESOURCES+1].end = + bridge->resource[PCI_BRIDGE_RESOURCES+1].start + mem_res.end; + + /* adjust parent's resource requirements */ + if (ior) { + ior->end = ALIGN(ior->end, 4*1024); + ior->end += io_res.end; + } + + if (memr) { + memr->end = ALIGN(memr->end, 1*1024*1024); + memr->end += mem_res.end; + } +} + +static void __init pcibios_size_bridges(void) +{ + struct resource io_res, mem_res; + + memset(&io_res, 0, sizeof(io_res)); + memset(&mem_res, 0, sizeof(mem_res)); + + pcibios_size_bridge(pci_root_bus, &io_res, &mem_res); +} + +static int __init pcibios_init(void) +{ + if (request_irq(IRQ_ERR, pcish5_err_irq, + IRQF_DISABLED, "PCI Error",NULL) < 0) { + printk(KERN_ERR "PCISH5: Cannot hook PCI_PERR interrupt\n"); + return -EINVAL; + } + + if (request_irq(IRQ_SERR, pcish5_serr_irq, + IRQF_DISABLED, "PCI SERR interrupt", NULL) < 0) { + printk(KERN_ERR "PCISH5: Cannot hook PCI_SERR interrupt\n"); + return -EINVAL; + } + + /* The pci subsystem needs to know where memory is and how much + * of it there is. I've simply made these globals. A better mechanism + * is probably needed. + */ + sh5pci_init(__pa(memory_start), + __pa(memory_end) - __pa(memory_start)); + + pci_root_bus = pci_scan_bus(0, &pci_config_ops, NULL); + pcibios_size_bridges(); + pci_assign_unassigned_resources(); + pci_fixup_irqs(no_swizzle, map_cayman_irq); + + return 0; +} + +subsys_initcall(pcibios_init); + +void __devinit pcibios_fixup_bus(struct pci_bus *bus) +{ + struct pci_dev *dev = bus->self; + int i; + +#if 1 + if(dev) { + for(i=0; i<3; i++) { + bus->resource[i] = + &dev->resource[PCI_BRIDGE_RESOURCES+i]; + bus->resource[i]->name = bus->name; + } + bus->resource[0]->flags |= IORESOURCE_IO; + bus->resource[1]->flags |= IORESOURCE_MEM; + + /* For now, propagate host limits to the bus; + * we'll adjust them later. */ + +#if 1 + bus->resource[0]->end = 64*1024 - 1 ; + bus->resource[1]->end = PCIBIOS_MIN_MEM+(256*1024*1024)-1; + bus->resource[0]->start = PCIBIOS_MIN_IO; + bus->resource[1]->start = PCIBIOS_MIN_MEM; +#else + bus->resource[0]->end = 0; + bus->resource[1]->end = 0; + bus->resource[0]->start =0; + bus->resource[1]->start = 0; +#endif + /* Turn off downstream PF memory address range by default */ + bus->resource[2]->start = 1024*1024; + bus->resource[2]->end = bus->resource[2]->start - 1; + } +#endif + +} + diff --git a/arch/sh/drivers/pci/pci-sh5.h b/arch/sh/drivers/pci/pci-sh5.h new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c71159dd04b --- /dev/null +++ b/arch/sh/drivers/pci/pci-sh5.h @@ -0,0 +1,107 @@ +/* + * Copyright (C) 2001 David J. Mckay (david.mckay@st.com) + * + * May be copied or modified under the terms of the GNU General Public + * License. See linux/COPYING for more information. + * + * Definitions for the SH5 PCI hardware. + */ + +/* Product ID */ +#define PCISH5_PID 0x350d + +/* vendor ID */ +#define PCISH5_VID 0x1054 + +/* Configuration types */ +#define ST_TYPE0 0x00 /* Configuration cycle type 0 */ +#define ST_TYPE1 0x01 /* Configuration cycle type 1 */ + +/* VCR data */ +#define PCISH5_VCR_STATUS 0x00 +#define PCISH5_VCR_VERSION 0x08 + +/* +** ICR register offsets and bits +*/ +#define PCISH5_ICR_CR 0x100 /* PCI control register values */ +#define CR_PBAM (1<<12) +#define CR_PFCS (1<<11) +#define CR_FTO (1<<10) +#define CR_PFE (1<<9) +#define CR_TBS (1<<8) +#define CR_SPUE (1<<7) +#define CR_BMAM (1<<6) +#define CR_HOST (1<<5) +#define CR_CLKEN (1<<4) +#define CR_SOCS (1<<3) +#define CR_IOCS (1<<2) +#define CR_RSTCTL (1<<1) +#define CR_CFINT (1<<0) +#define CR_LOCK_MASK 0xa5000000 + +#define PCISH5_ICR_INT 0x114 /* Interrupt registert values */ +#define INT_MADIM (1<<2) + +#define PCISH5_ICR_LSR0 0X104 /* Local space register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_LSR1 0X108 /* Local space register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_LAR0 0x10c /* Local address register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_LAR1 0x110 /* Local address register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_INTM 0x118 /* Interrupt mask register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_AIR 0x11c /* Interrupt error address information register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_CIR 0x120 /* Interrupt error command information register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_AINT 0x130 /* Interrupt error arbiter interrupt register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_AINTM 0x134 /* Interrupt error arbiter interrupt mask register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_BMIR 0x138 /* Interrupt error info register of bus master values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_PAR 0x1c0 /* Pio address register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_MBR 0x1c4 /* Memory space bank register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_IOBR 0x1c8 /* I/O space bank register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_PINT 0x1cc /* power management interrupt register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_PINTM 0x1d0 /* power management interrupt mask register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_MBMR 0x1d8 /* memory space bank mask register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_IOBMR 0x1dc /* I/O space bank mask register values */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_CSCR0 0x210 /* PCI cache snoop control register 0 */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_CSCR1 0x214 /* PCI cache snoop control register 1 */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_PDR 0x220 /* Pio data register values */ + +/* These are configs space registers */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_CSR_VID 0x000 /* Vendor id */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_CSR_DID 0x002 /* Device id */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_CSR_CMD 0x004 /* Command register */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_CSR_STATUS 0x006 /* Stautus */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_CSR_IBAR0 0x010 /* I/O base address register */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_CSR_MBAR0 0x014 /* First Memory base address register */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_CSR_MBAR1 0x018 /* Second Memory base address register */ + + + +/* Base address of registers */ +#define SH5PCI_ICR_BASE (PHYS_PCI_BLOCK + 0x00040000) +#define SH5PCI_IO_BASE (PHYS_PCI_BLOCK + 0x00800000) +/* #define SH5PCI_VCR_BASE (P2SEG_PCICB_BLOCK + P2SEG) */ + +/* Register selection macro */ +#define PCISH5_ICR_REG(x) ( pcicr_virt + (PCISH5_ICR_##x)) +/* #define PCISH5_VCR_REG(x) ( SH5PCI_VCR_BASE (PCISH5_VCR_##x)) */ + +/* Write I/O functions */ +#define SH5PCI_WRITE(reg,val) ctrl_outl((u32)(val),PCISH5_ICR_REG(reg)) +#define SH5PCI_WRITE_SHORT(reg,val) ctrl_outw((u16)(val),PCISH5_ICR_REG(reg)) +#define SH5PCI_WRITE_BYTE(reg,val) ctrl_outb((u8)(val),PCISH5_ICR_REG(reg)) + +/* Read I/O functions */ +#define SH5PCI_READ(reg) ctrl_inl(PCISH5_ICR_REG(reg)) +#define SH5PCI_READ_SHORT(reg) ctrl_inw(PCISH5_ICR_REG(reg)) +#define SH5PCI_READ_BYTE(reg) ctrl_inb(PCISH5_ICR_REG(reg)) + +/* Set PCI config bits */ +#define SET_CONFIG_BITS(bus,devfn,where) ((((bus) << 16) | ((devfn) << 8) | ((where) & ~3)) | 0x80000000) + +/* Set PCI command register */ +#define CONFIG_CMD(bus, devfn, where) SET_CONFIG_BITS(bus->number,devfn,where) + +/* Size converters */ +#define PCISH5_MEM_SIZCONV(x) (((x / 0x40000) - 1) << 18) +#define PCISH5_IO_SIZCONV(x) (((x / 0x40000) - 1) << 18) + + |