/* * Physical memory management API * * Copyright 2011 Red Hat, Inc. and/or its affiliates * * Authors: * Avi Kivity * * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See * the COPYING file in the top-level directory. * */ #ifndef MEMORY_H #define MEMORY_H #ifndef CONFIG_USER_ONLY #include #include #include "qemu-common.h" #include "cpu-common.h" #include "targphys.h" #include "qemu-queue.h" #include "iorange.h" #include "ioport.h" #include "int128.h" typedef struct MemoryRegionOps MemoryRegionOps; typedef struct MemoryRegion MemoryRegion; typedef struct MemoryRegionPortio MemoryRegionPortio; typedef struct MemoryRegionMmio MemoryRegionMmio; /* Must match *_DIRTY_FLAGS in cpu-all.h. To be replaced with dynamic * registration. */ #define DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA 0 #define DIRTY_MEMORY_CODE 1 #define DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION 3 struct MemoryRegionMmio { CPUReadMemoryFunc *read[3]; CPUWriteMemoryFunc *write[3]; }; /* Internal use; thunks between old-style IORange and MemoryRegions. */ typedef struct MemoryRegionIORange MemoryRegionIORange; struct MemoryRegionIORange { IORange iorange; MemoryRegion *mr; target_phys_addr_t offset; }; /* * Memory region callbacks */ struct MemoryRegionOps { /* Read from the memory region. @addr is relative to @mr; @size is * in bytes. */ uint64_t (*read)(void *opaque, target_phys_addr_t addr, unsigned size); /* Write to the memory region. @addr is relative to @mr; @size is * in bytes. */ void (*write)(void *opaque, target_phys_addr_t addr, uint64_t data, unsigned size); enum device_endian endianness; /* Guest-visible constraints: */ struct { /* If nonzero, specify bounds on access sizes beyond which a machine * check is thrown. */ unsigned min_access_size; unsigned max_access_size; /* If true, unaligned accesses are supported. Otherwise unaligned * accesses throw machine checks. */ bool unaligned; /* * If present, and returns #false, the transaction is not accepted * by the device (and results in machine dependent behaviour such * as a machine check exception). */ bool (*accepts)(void *opaque, target_phys_addr_t addr, unsigned size, bool is_write); } valid; /* Internal implementation constraints: */ struct { /* If nonzero, specifies the minimum size implemented. Smaller sizes * will be rounded upwards and a partial result will be returned. */ unsigned min_access_size; /* If nonzero, specifies the maximum size implemented. Larger sizes * will be done as a series of accesses with smaller sizes. */ unsigned max_access_size; /* If true, unaligned accesses are supported. Otherwise all accesses * are converted to (possibly multiple) naturally aligned accesses. */ bool unaligned; } impl; /* If .read and .write are not present, old_portio may be used for * backwards compatibility with old portio registration */ const MemoryRegionPortio *old_portio; /* If .read and .write are not present, old_mmio may be used for * backwards compatibility with old mmio registration */ const MemoryRegionMmio old_mmio; }; typedef struct CoalescedMemoryRange CoalescedMemoryRange; typedef struct MemoryRegionIoeventfd MemoryRegionIoeventfd; struct MemoryRegion { /* All fields are private - violators will be prosecuted */ const MemoryRegionOps *ops; void *opaque; MemoryRegion *parent; Int128 size; target_phys_addr_t addr; void (*destructor)(MemoryRegion *mr); ram_addr_t ram_addr; bool subpage; bool terminates; bool readable; bool ram; bool readonly; /* For RAM regions */ bool enabled; bool rom_device; bool warning_printed; /* For reservations */ bool flush_coalesced_mmio; MemoryRegion *alias; target_phys_addr_t alias_offset; unsigned priority; bool may_overlap; QTAILQ_HEAD(subregions, MemoryRegion) subregions; QTAILQ_ENTRY(MemoryRegion) subregions_link; QTAILQ_HEAD(coalesced_ranges, CoalescedMemoryRange) coalesced; const char *name; uint8_t dirty_log_mask; unsigned ioeventfd_nb; MemoryRegionIoeventfd *ioeventfds; }; struct MemoryRegionPortio { uint32_t offset; uint32_t len; unsigned size; IOPortReadFunc *read; IOPortWriteFunc *write; }; #define PORTIO_END_OF_LIST() { } typedef struct AddressSpace AddressSpace; /** * AddressSpace: describes a mapping of addresses to #MemoryRegion objects */ struct AddressSpace { /* All fields are private. */ MemoryRegion *root; struct FlatView *current_map; int ioeventfd_nb; struct MemoryRegionIoeventfd *ioeventfds; }; typedef struct MemoryRegionSection MemoryRegionSection; /** * MemoryRegionSection: describes a fragment of a #MemoryRegion * * @mr: the region, or %NULL if empty * @address_space: the address space the region is mapped in * @offset_within_region: the beginning of the section, relative to @mr's start * @size: the size of the section; will not exceed @mr's boundaries * @offset_within_address_space: the address of the first byte of the section * relative to the region's address space * @readonly: writes to this section are ignored */ struct MemoryRegionSection { MemoryRegion *mr; MemoryRegion *address_space; target_phys_addr_t offset_within_region; uint64_t size; target_phys_addr_t offset_within_address_space; bool readonly; }; typedef struct MemoryListener MemoryListener; /** * MemoryListener: callbacks structure for updates to the physical memory map * * Allows a component to adjust to changes in the guest-visible memory map. * Use with memory_listener_register() and memory_listener_unregister(). */ struct MemoryListener { void (*begin)(MemoryListener *listener); void (*commit)(MemoryListener *listener); void (*region_add)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section); void (*region_del)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section); void (*region_nop)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section); void (*log_start)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section); void (*log_stop)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section); void (*log_sync)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section); void (*log_global_start)(MemoryListener *listener); void (*log_global_stop)(MemoryListener *listener); void (*eventfd_add)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section, bool match_data, uint64_t data, EventNotifier *e); void (*eventfd_del)(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegionSection *section, bool match_data, uint64_t data, EventNotifier *e); /* Lower = earlier (during add), later (during del) */ unsigned priority; MemoryRegion *address_space_filter; QTAILQ_ENTRY(MemoryListener) link; }; /** * memory_region_init: Initialize a memory region * * The region typically acts as a container for other memory regions. Use * memory_region_add_subregion() to add subregions. * * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI * @size: size of the region; any subregions beyond this size will be clipped */ void memory_region_init(MemoryRegion *mr, const char *name, uint64_t size); /** * memory_region_init_io: Initialize an I/O memory region. * * Accesses into the region will cause the callbacks in @ops to be called. * if @size is nonzero, subregions will be clipped to @size. * * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. * @ops: a structure containing read and write callbacks to be used when * I/O is performed on the region. * @opaque: passed to to the read and write callbacks of the @ops structure. * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI * @size: size of the region. */ void memory_region_init_io(MemoryRegion *mr, const MemoryRegionOps *ops, void *opaque, const char *name, uint64_t size); /** * memory_region_init_ram: Initialize RAM memory region. Accesses into the * region will modify memory directly. * * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. * @name: the name of the region. * @size: size of the region. */ void memory_region_init_ram(MemoryRegion *mr, const char *name, uint64_t size); /** * memory_region_init_ram_ptr: Initialize RAM memory region from a * user-provided pointer. Accesses into the * region will modify memory directly. * * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. * @name: the name of the region. * @size: size of the region. * @ptr: memory to be mapped; must contain at least @size bytes. */ void memory_region_init_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr, const char *name, uint64_t size, void *ptr); /** * memory_region_init_alias: Initialize a memory region that aliases all or a * part of another memory region. * * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI * @orig: the region to be referenced; @mr will be equivalent to * @orig between @offset and @offset + @size - 1. * @offset: start of the section in @orig to be referenced. * @size: size of the region. */ void memory_region_init_alias(MemoryRegion *mr, const char *name, MemoryRegion *orig, target_phys_addr_t offset, uint64_t size); /** * memory_region_init_rom_device: Initialize a ROM memory region. Writes are * handled via callbacks. * * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized. * @ops: callbacks for write access handling. * @name: the name of the region. * @size: size of the region. */ void memory_region_init_rom_device(MemoryRegion *mr, const MemoryRegionOps *ops, void *opaque, const char *name, uint64_t size); /** * memory_region_init_reservation: Initialize a memory region that reserves * I/O space. * * A reservation region primariy serves debugging purposes. It claims I/O * space that is not supposed to be handled by QEMU itself. Any access via * the memory API will cause an abort(). * * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be initialized * @name: used for debugging; not visible to the user or ABI * @size: size of the region. */ void memory_region_init_reservation(MemoryRegion *mr, const char *name, uint64_t size); /** * memory_region_destroy: Destroy a memory region and reclaim all resources. * * @mr: the region to be destroyed. May not currently be a subregion * (see memory_region_add_subregion()) or referenced in an alias * (see memory_region_init_alias()). */ void memory_region_destroy(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_size: get a memory region's size. * * @mr: the memory region being queried. */ uint64_t memory_region_size(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_is_ram: check whether a memory region is random access * * Returns %true is a memory region is random access. * * @mr: the memory region being queried */ bool memory_region_is_ram(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_is_romd: check whether a memory region is ROMD * * Returns %true is a memory region is ROMD and currently set to allow * direct reads. * * @mr: the memory region being queried */ static inline bool memory_region_is_romd(MemoryRegion *mr) { return mr->rom_device && mr->readable; } /** * memory_region_name: get a memory region's name * * Returns the string that was used to initialize the memory region. * * @mr: the memory region being queried */ const char *memory_region_name(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_is_logging: return whether a memory region is logging writes * * Returns %true if the memory region is logging writes * * @mr: the memory region being queried */ bool memory_region_is_logging(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_is_rom: check whether a memory region is ROM * * Returns %true is a memory region is read-only memory. * * @mr: the memory region being queried */ bool memory_region_is_rom(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_get_ram_ptr: Get a pointer into a RAM memory region. * * Returns a host pointer to a RAM memory region (created with * memory_region_init_ram() or memory_region_init_ram_ptr()). Use with * care. * * @mr: the memory region being queried. */ void *memory_region_get_ram_ptr(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_set_log: Turn dirty logging on or off for a region. * * Turns dirty logging on or off for a specified client (display, migration). * Only meaningful for RAM regions. * * @mr: the memory region being updated. * @log: whether dirty logging is to be enabled or disabled. * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or * %DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA. */ void memory_region_set_log(MemoryRegion *mr, bool log, unsigned client); /** * memory_region_get_dirty: Check whether a range of bytes is dirty * for a specified client. * * Checks whether a range of bytes has been written to since the last * call to memory_region_reset_dirty() with the same @client. Dirty logging * must be enabled. * * @mr: the memory region being queried. * @addr: the address (relative to the start of the region) being queried. * @size: the size of the range being queried. * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or * %DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA. */ bool memory_region_get_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t addr, target_phys_addr_t size, unsigned client); /** * memory_region_set_dirty: Mark a range of bytes as dirty in a memory region. * * Marks a range of bytes as dirty, after it has been dirtied outside * guest code. * * @mr: the memory region being dirtied. * @addr: the address (relative to the start of the region) being dirtied. * @size: size of the range being dirtied. */ void memory_region_set_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t addr, target_phys_addr_t size); /** * memory_region_sync_dirty_bitmap: Synchronize a region's dirty bitmap with * any external TLBs (e.g. kvm) * * Flushes dirty information from accelerators such as kvm and vhost-net * and makes it available to users of the memory API. * * @mr: the region being flushed. */ void memory_region_sync_dirty_bitmap(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_reset_dirty: Mark a range of pages as clean, for a specified * client. * * Marks a range of pages as no longer dirty. * * @mr: the region being updated. * @addr: the start of the subrange being cleaned. * @size: the size of the subrange being cleaned. * @client: the user of the logging information; %DIRTY_MEMORY_MIGRATION or * %DIRTY_MEMORY_VGA. */ void memory_region_reset_dirty(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t addr, target_phys_addr_t size, unsigned client); /** * memory_region_set_readonly: Turn a memory region read-only (or read-write) * * Allows a memory region to be marked as read-only (turning it into a ROM). * only useful on RAM regions. * * @mr: the region being updated. * @readonly: whether rhe region is to be ROM or RAM. */ void memory_region_set_readonly(MemoryRegion *mr, bool readonly); /** * memory_region_rom_device_set_readable: enable/disable ROM readability * * Allows a ROM device (initialized with memory_region_init_rom_device() to * to be marked as readable (default) or not readable. When it is readable, * the device is mapped to guest memory. When not readable, reads are * forwarded to the #MemoryRegion.read function. * * @mr: the memory region to be updated * @readable: whether reads are satisified directly (%true) or via callbacks * (%false) */ void memory_region_rom_device_set_readable(MemoryRegion *mr, bool readable); /** * memory_region_set_coalescing: Enable memory coalescing for the region. * * Enabled writes to a region to be queued for later processing. MMIO ->write * callbacks may be delayed until a non-coalesced MMIO is issued. * Only useful for IO regions. Roughly similar to write-combining hardware. * * @mr: the memory region to be write coalesced */ void memory_region_set_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_add_coalescing: Enable memory coalescing for a sub-range of * a region. * * Like memory_region_set_coalescing(), but works on a sub-range of a region. * Multiple calls can be issued coalesced disjoint ranges. * * @mr: the memory region to be updated. * @offset: the start of the range within the region to be coalesced. * @size: the size of the subrange to be coalesced. */ void memory_region_add_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t offset, uint64_t size); /** * memory_region_clear_coalescing: Disable MMIO coalescing for the region. * * Disables any coalescing caused by memory_region_set_coalescing() or * memory_region_add_coalescing(). Roughly equivalent to uncacheble memory * hardware. * * @mr: the memory region to be updated. */ void memory_region_clear_coalescing(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_set_flush_coalesced: Enforce memory coalescing flush before * accesses. * * Ensure that pending coalesced MMIO request are flushed before the memory * region is accessed. This property is automatically enabled for all regions * passed to memory_region_set_coalescing() and memory_region_add_coalescing(). * * @mr: the memory region to be updated. */ void memory_region_set_flush_coalesced(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_clear_flush_coalesced: Disable memory coalescing flush before * accesses. * * Clear the automatic coalesced MMIO flushing enabled via * memory_region_set_flush_coalesced. Note that this service has no effect on * memory regions that have MMIO coalescing enabled for themselves. For them, * automatic flushing will stop once coalescing is disabled. * * @mr: the memory region to be updated. */ void memory_region_clear_flush_coalesced(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_add_eventfd: Request an eventfd to be triggered when a word * is written to a location. * * Marks a word in an IO region (initialized with memory_region_init_io()) * as a trigger for an eventfd event. The I/O callback will not be called. * The caller must be prepared to handle failure (that is, take the required * action if the callback _is_ called). * * @mr: the memory region being updated. * @addr: the address within @mr that is to be monitored * @size: the size of the access to trigger the eventfd * @match_data: whether to match against @data, instead of just @addr * @data: the data to match against the guest write * @fd: the eventfd to be triggered when @addr, @size, and @data all match. **/ void memory_region_add_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t addr, unsigned size, bool match_data, uint64_t data, EventNotifier *e); /** * memory_region_del_eventfd: Cancel an eventfd. * * Cancels an eventfd trigger requested by a previous * memory_region_add_eventfd() call. * * @mr: the memory region being updated. * @addr: the address within @mr that is to be monitored * @size: the size of the access to trigger the eventfd * @match_data: whether to match against @data, instead of just @addr * @data: the data to match against the guest write * @fd: the eventfd to be triggered when @addr, @size, and @data all match. */ void memory_region_del_eventfd(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t addr, unsigned size, bool match_data, uint64_t data, EventNotifier *e); /** * memory_region_add_subregion: Add a subregion to a container. * * Adds a subregion at @offset. The subregion may not overlap with other * subregions (except for those explicitly marked as overlapping). A region * may only be added once as a subregion (unless removed with * memory_region_del_subregion()); use memory_region_init_alias() if you * want a region to be a subregion in multiple locations. * * @mr: the region to contain the new subregion; must be a container * initialized with memory_region_init(). * @offset: the offset relative to @mr where @subregion is added. * @subregion: the subregion to be added. */ void memory_region_add_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t offset, MemoryRegion *subregion); /** * memory_region_add_subregion_overlap: Add a subregion to a container * with overlap. * * Adds a subregion at @offset. The subregion may overlap with other * subregions. Conflicts are resolved by having a higher @priority hide a * lower @priority. Subregions without priority are taken as @priority 0. * A region may only be added once as a subregion (unless removed with * memory_region_del_subregion()); use memory_region_init_alias() if you * want a region to be a subregion in multiple locations. * * @mr: the region to contain the new subregion; must be a container * initialized with memory_region_init(). * @offset: the offset relative to @mr where @subregion is added. * @subregion: the subregion to be added. * @priority: used for resolving overlaps; highest priority wins. */ void memory_region_add_subregion_overlap(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t offset, MemoryRegion *subregion, unsigned priority); /** * memory_region_get_ram_addr: Get the ram address associated with a memory * region * * DO NOT USE THIS FUNCTION. This is a temporary workaround while the Xen * code is being reworked. */ ram_addr_t memory_region_get_ram_addr(MemoryRegion *mr); /** * memory_region_del_subregion: Remove a subregion. * * Removes a subregion from its container. * * @mr: the container to be updated. * @subregion: the region being removed; must be a current subregion of @mr. */ void memory_region_del_subregion(MemoryRegion *mr, MemoryRegion *subregion); /* * memory_region_set_enabled: dynamically enable or disable a region * * Enables or disables a memory region. A disabled memory region * ignores all accesses to itself and its subregions. It does not * obscure sibling subregions with lower priority - it simply behaves as * if it was removed from the hierarchy. * * Regions default to being enabled. * * @mr: the region to be updated * @enabled: whether to enable or disable the region */ void memory_region_set_enabled(MemoryRegion *mr, bool enabled); /* * memory_region_set_address: dynamically update the address of a region * * Dynamically updates the address of a region, relative to its parent. * May be used on regions are currently part of a memory hierarchy. * * @mr: the region to be updated * @addr: new address, relative to parent region */ void memory_region_set_address(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t addr); /* * memory_region_set_alias_offset: dynamically update a memory alias's offset * * Dynamically updates the offset into the target region that an alias points * to, as if the fourth argument to memory_region_init_alias() has changed. * * @mr: the #MemoryRegion to be updated; should be an alias. * @offset: the new offset into the target memory region */ void memory_region_set_alias_offset(MemoryRegion *mr, target_phys_addr_t offset); /** * memory_region_find: locate a MemoryRegion in an address space * * Locates the first #MemoryRegion within an address space given by * @address_space that overlaps the range given by @addr and @size. * * Returns a #MemoryRegionSection that describes a contiguous overlap. * It will have the following characteristics: * .@offset_within_address_space >= @addr * .@offset_within_address_space + .@size <= @addr + @size * .@size = 0 iff no overlap was found * .@mr is non-%NULL iff an overlap was found * * @address_space: a top-level (i.e. parentless) region that contains * the region to be found * @addr: start of the area within @address_space to be searched * @size: size of the area to be searched */ MemoryRegionSection memory_region_find(MemoryRegion *address_space, target_phys_addr_t addr, uint64_t size); /** * memory_region_section_addr: get offset within MemoryRegionSection * * Returns offset within MemoryRegionSection * * @section: the memory region section being queried * @addr: address in address space */ static inline target_phys_addr_t memory_region_section_addr(MemoryRegionSection *section, target_phys_addr_t addr) { addr -= section->offset_within_address_space; addr += section->offset_within_region; return addr; } /** * memory_global_sync_dirty_bitmap: synchronize the dirty log for all memory * * Synchronizes the dirty page log for an entire address space. * @address_space: a top-level (i.e. parentless) region that contains the * memory being synchronized */ void memory_global_sync_dirty_bitmap(MemoryRegion *address_space); /** * memory_region_transaction_begin: Start a transaction. * * During a transaction, changes will be accumulated and made visible * only when the transaction ends (is committed). */ void memory_region_transaction_begin(void); /** * memory_region_transaction_commit: Commit a transaction and make changes * visible to the guest. */ void memory_region_transaction_commit(void); /** * memory_listener_register: register callbacks to be called when memory * sections are mapped or unmapped into an address * space * * @listener: an object containing the callbacks to be called * @filter: if non-%NULL, only regions in this address space will be observed */ void memory_listener_register(MemoryListener *listener, MemoryRegion *filter); /** * memory_listener_unregister: undo the effect of memory_listener_register() * * @listener: an object containing the callbacks to be removed */ void memory_listener_unregister(MemoryListener *listener); /** * memory_global_dirty_log_start: begin dirty logging for all regions */ void memory_global_dirty_log_start(void); /** * memory_global_dirty_log_stop: end dirty logging for all regions */ void memory_global_dirty_log_stop(void); void mtree_info(fprintf_function mon_printf, void *f); /** * address_space_init: initializes an address space * * @as: an uninitialized #AddressSpace * @root: a #MemoryRegion that routes addesses for the address space */ void address_space_init(AddressSpace *as, MemoryRegion *root); #endif #endif