/* * Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California. * All rights reserved. * * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by * Mike Muuss. * * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions * are met: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software * must display the following acknowledgement: * This product includes software developed by the University of * California, Berkeley and its contributors. * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software * without specific prior written permission. * * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF * SUCH DAMAGE. */ #ifndef lint char copyright[] = "@(#) Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California.\n\ All rights reserved.\n"; #endif /* not lint */ /* * P I N G . C * * Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, * measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. * * Author - * Mike Muuss * U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory * December, 1983 * * Status - * Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. * Bugs - * More statistics could always be gathered. * This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. */ #include "ping_common.h" #include #include #ifndef ICMP_FILTER #define ICMP_FILTER 1 struct icmp_filter { __u32 data; }; #endif #define MAXIPLEN 60 #define MAXICMPLEN 76 #define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */ #define TOS_MAX 255 /* 8-bit TOS field */ #define MAX_HOSTNAMELEN NI_MAXHOST static int ts_type; static int nroute = 0; static __u32 route[10]; struct sockaddr_in whereto; /* who to ping */ int optlen = 0; int settos = 0; /* Set TOS, Precendence or other QOS options */ int icmp_sock; /* socket file descriptor */ u_char outpack[0x10000]; int maxpacket = sizeof(outpack); static int broadcast_pings = 0; static char *pr_addr(__u32); static void pr_options(unsigned char * cp, int hlen); static void pr_iph(struct iphdr *ip); static void usage(void) __attribute__((noreturn)); static u_short in_cksum(const u_short *addr, int len, u_short salt); static void pr_icmph(__u8 type, __u8 code, __u32 info, struct icmphdr *icp); static int parsetos(char *str); static struct { struct cmsghdr cm; struct in_pktinfo ipi; } cmsg = { {sizeof(struct cmsghdr) + sizeof(struct in_pktinfo), SOL_IP, IP_PKTINFO}, {0, }}; int cmsg_len; struct sockaddr_in source; char *device; int pmtudisc = -1; int main(int argc, char **argv) { struct hostent *hp; int ch, hold, packlen; int socket_errno; u_char *packet; char *target; #ifdef USE_IDN char *hnamebuf = NULL; #else char hnamebuf[MAX_HOSTNAMELEN]; #endif char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */ limit_capabilities(); #ifdef USE_IDN setlocale(LC_ALL, ""); #endif enable_capability_raw(); icmp_sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP); socket_errno = errno; disable_capability_raw(); source.sin_family = AF_INET; preload = 1; while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, COMMON_OPTSTR "bRT:")) != EOF) { switch(ch) { case 'b': broadcast_pings = 1; break; case 'Q': settos = parsetos(optarg); if (settos && (setsockopt(icmp_sock, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, (char *)&settos, sizeof(int)) < 0)) { perror("ping: error setting QOS sockopts"); exit(2); } break; case 'R': if (options & F_TIMESTAMP) { fprintf(stderr, "Only one of -T or -R may be used\n"); exit(2); } options |= F_RROUTE; break; case 'T': if (options & F_RROUTE) { fprintf(stderr, "Only one of -T or -R may be used\n"); exit(2); } options |= F_TIMESTAMP; if (strcmp(optarg, "tsonly") == 0) ts_type = IPOPT_TS_TSONLY; else if (strcmp(optarg, "tsandaddr") == 0) ts_type = IPOPT_TS_TSANDADDR; else if (strcmp(optarg, "tsprespec") == 0) ts_type = IPOPT_TS_PRESPEC; else { fprintf(stderr, "Invalid timestamp type\n"); exit(2); } break; case 'I': { #if 0 char dummy; int i1, i2, i3, i4; if (sscanf(optarg, "%u.%u.%u.%u%c", &i1, &i2, &i3, &i4, &dummy) == 4) { __u8 *ptr; ptr = (__u8*)&source.sin_addr; ptr[0] = i1; ptr[1] = i2; ptr[2] = i3; ptr[3] = i4; options |= F_STRICTSOURCE; } else { device = optarg; } #else if (inet_pton(AF_INET, optarg, &source.sin_addr) > 0) options |= F_STRICTSOURCE; else device = optarg; #endif break; } case 'M': if (strcmp(optarg, "do") == 0) pmtudisc = IP_PMTUDISC_DO; else if (strcmp(optarg, "dont") == 0) pmtudisc = IP_PMTUDISC_DONT; else if (strcmp(optarg, "want") == 0) pmtudisc = IP_PMTUDISC_WANT; else { fprintf(stderr, "ping: wrong value for -M: do, dont, want are valid ones.\n"); exit(2); } break; case 'V': printf("ping utility, iputils-%s\n", SNAPSHOT); exit(0); COMMON_OPTIONS common_options(ch); break; default: usage(); } } argc -= optind; argv += optind; if (argc == 0) usage(); if (argc > 1) { if (options & F_RROUTE) usage(); else if (options & F_TIMESTAMP) { if (ts_type != IPOPT_TS_PRESPEC) usage(); if (argc > 5) usage(); } else { if (argc > 10) usage(); options |= F_SOURCEROUTE; } } while (argc > 0) { target = *argv; memset((char *)&whereto, 0, sizeof(whereto)); whereto.sin_family = AF_INET; if (inet_aton(target, &whereto.sin_addr) == 1) { hostname = target; if (argc == 1) options |= F_NUMERIC; } else { char *idn; #ifdef USE_IDN int rc; if (hnamebuf) { free(hnamebuf); hnamebuf = NULL; } rc = idna_to_ascii_lz(target, &idn, 0); if (rc != IDNA_SUCCESS) { fprintf(stderr, "ping: IDN encoding failed: %s\n", idna_strerror(rc)); exit(2); } #else idn = target; #endif hp = gethostbyname(idn); if (!hp) { fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown host %s\n", target); exit(2); } #ifdef USE_IDN free(idn); #endif memcpy(&whereto.sin_addr, hp->h_addr, 4); #ifdef USE_IDN if (idna_to_unicode_lzlz(hp->h_name, &hnamebuf, 0) != IDNA_SUCCESS) { hnamebuf = strdup(hp->h_name); if (!hnamebuf) { perror("ping: strdup"); exit(-1); } } #else strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); hnamebuf[sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1] = 0; #endif hostname = hnamebuf; } if (argc > 1) route[nroute++] = whereto.sin_addr.s_addr; argc--; argv++; } if (source.sin_addr.s_addr == 0) { socklen_t alen; struct sockaddr_in dst = whereto; int probe_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0); if (probe_fd < 0) { perror("socket"); exit(2); } if (device) { struct ifreq ifr; int rc; memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr)); strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, device, IFNAMSIZ-1); enable_capability_raw(); rc = setsockopt(probe_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE, device, strlen(device)+1); disable_capability_raw(); if (rc == -1) { if (IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(dst.sin_addr.s_addr))) { struct ip_mreqn imr; if (ioctl(probe_fd, SIOCGIFINDEX, &ifr) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown iface %s\n", device); exit(2); } memset(&imr, 0, sizeof(imr)); imr.imr_ifindex = ifr.ifr_ifindex; if (setsockopt(probe_fd, SOL_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, &imr, sizeof(imr)) == -1) { perror("ping: IP_MULTICAST_IF"); exit(2); } } } } if (settos && setsockopt(probe_fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TOS, (char *)&settos, sizeof(int)) < 0) perror("Warning: error setting QOS sockopts"); dst.sin_port = htons(1025); if (nroute) dst.sin_addr.s_addr = route[0]; if (connect(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&dst, sizeof(dst)) == -1) { if (errno == EACCES) { if (broadcast_pings == 0) { fprintf(stderr, "Do you want to ping broadcast? Then -b\n"); exit(2); } fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: pinging broadcast address\n"); if (setsockopt(probe_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, &broadcast_pings, sizeof(broadcast_pings)) < 0) { perror ("can't set broadcasting"); exit(2); } if (connect(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&dst, sizeof(dst)) == -1) { perror("connect"); exit(2); } } else { perror("connect"); exit(2); } } alen = sizeof(source); if (getsockname(probe_fd, (struct sockaddr*)&source, &alen) == -1) { perror("getsockname"); exit(2); } source.sin_port = 0; close(probe_fd); } while (0); if (whereto.sin_addr.s_addr == 0) whereto.sin_addr.s_addr = source.sin_addr.s_addr; if (icmp_sock < 0) { errno = socket_errno; perror("ping: icmp open socket"); exit(2); } if (device) { struct ifreq ifr; memset(&ifr, 0, sizeof(ifr)); strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, device, IFNAMSIZ-1); if (ioctl(icmp_sock, SIOCGIFINDEX, &ifr) < 0) { fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown iface %s\n", device); exit(2); } cmsg.ipi.ipi_ifindex = ifr.ifr_ifindex; cmsg_len = sizeof(cmsg); } if (broadcast_pings || IN_MULTICAST(ntohl(whereto.sin_addr.s_addr))) { if (uid) { if (interval < 1000) { fprintf(stderr, "ping: broadcast ping with too short interval.\n"); exit(2); } if (pmtudisc >= 0 && pmtudisc != IP_PMTUDISC_DO) { fprintf(stderr, "ping: broadcast ping does not fragment.\n"); exit(2); } } if (pmtudisc < 0) pmtudisc = IP_PMTUDISC_DO; } if (pmtudisc >= 0) { if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_IP, IP_MTU_DISCOVER, &pmtudisc, sizeof(pmtudisc)) == -1) { perror("ping: IP_MTU_DISCOVER"); exit(2); } } if ((options&F_STRICTSOURCE) && bind(icmp_sock, (struct sockaddr*)&source, sizeof(source)) == -1) { perror("bind"); exit(2); } if (1) { struct icmp_filter filt; filt.data = ~((1< 0xFFFF - 8 - optlen - 20) { if (uid || datalen > sizeof(outpack)-8) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: packet size %d is too large. Maximum is %d\n", datalen, 0xFFFF-8-20-optlen); exit(2); } /* Allow small oversize to root yet. It will cause EMSGSIZE. */ fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: packet size %d is too large. Maximum is %d\n", datalen, 0xFFFF-8-20-optlen); } if (datalen >= sizeof(struct timeval)) /* can we time transfer */ timing = 1; packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN; if (!(packet = (u_char *)malloc((u_int)packlen))) { fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory.\n"); exit(2); } printf("PING %s (%s) ", hostname, inet_ntoa(whereto.sin_addr)); if (device || (options&F_STRICTSOURCE)) printf("from %s %s: ", inet_ntoa(source.sin_addr), device ?: ""); printf("%d(%d) bytes of data.\n", datalen, datalen+8+optlen+20); setup(icmp_sock); main_loop(icmp_sock, packet, packlen); } int receive_error_msg() { int res; char cbuf[512]; struct iovec iov; struct msghdr msg; struct cmsghdr *cmsg; struct sock_extended_err *e; struct icmphdr icmph; struct sockaddr_in target; int net_errors = 0; int local_errors = 0; int saved_errno = errno; iov.iov_base = &icmph; iov.iov_len = sizeof(icmph); msg.msg_name = (void*)⌖ msg.msg_namelen = sizeof(target); msg.msg_iov = &iov; msg.msg_iovlen = 1; msg.msg_flags = 0; msg.msg_control = cbuf; msg.msg_controllen = sizeof(cbuf); res = recvmsg(icmp_sock, &msg, MSG_ERRQUEUE|MSG_DONTWAIT); if (res < 0) goto out; e = NULL; for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR(&msg); cmsg; cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR(&msg, cmsg)) { if (cmsg->cmsg_level == SOL_IP) { if (cmsg->cmsg_type == IP_RECVERR) e = (struct sock_extended_err *)CMSG_DATA(cmsg); } } if (e == NULL) abort(); if (e->ee_origin == SO_EE_ORIGIN_LOCAL) { local_errors++; if (options & F_QUIET) goto out; if (options & F_FLOOD) write_stdout("E", 1); else if (e->ee_errno != EMSGSIZE) fprintf(stderr, "ping: local error: %s\n", strerror(e->ee_errno)); else fprintf(stderr, "ping: local error: Message too long, mtu=%u\n", e->ee_info); nerrors++; } else if (e->ee_origin == SO_EE_ORIGIN_ICMP) { struct sockaddr_in *sin = (struct sockaddr_in*)(e+1); if (res < sizeof(icmph) || target.sin_addr.s_addr != whereto.sin_addr.s_addr || icmph.type != ICMP_ECHO || icmph.un.echo.id != ident) { /* Not our error, not an error at all. Clear. */ saved_errno = 0; goto out; } acknowledge(ntohs(icmph.un.echo.sequence)); if (!working_recverr) { struct icmp_filter filt; working_recverr = 1; /* OK, it works. Add stronger filter. */ filt.data = ~((1<sin_addr.s_addr), ntohs(icmph.un.echo.sequence)); pr_icmph(e->ee_type, e->ee_code, e->ee_info, NULL); fflush(stdout); } } out: errno = saved_errno; return net_errors ? : -local_errors; } /* * pinger -- * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first 8 bytes * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. */ int send_probe() { struct icmphdr *icp; int cc; int i; icp = (struct icmphdr *)outpack; icp->type = ICMP_ECHO; icp->code = 0; icp->checksum = 0; icp->un.echo.sequence = htons(ntransmitted+1); icp->un.echo.id = ident; /* ID */ rcvd_clear(ntransmitted+1); if (timing) { if (options&F_LATENCY) { struct timeval tmp_tv; gettimeofday(&tmp_tv, NULL); memcpy(icp+1, &tmp_tv, sizeof(tmp_tv)); } else { memset(icp+1, 0, sizeof(struct timeval)); } } cc = datalen + 8; /* skips ICMP portion */ /* compute ICMP checksum here */ icp->checksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc, 0); if (timing && !(options&F_LATENCY)) { struct timeval tmp_tv; gettimeofday(&tmp_tv, NULL); memcpy(icp+1, &tmp_tv, sizeof(tmp_tv)); icp->checksum = in_cksum((u_short *)(icp+1), sizeof(tmp_tv), ~icp->checksum); } do { static struct iovec iov = {outpack, 0}; static struct msghdr m = { &whereto, sizeof(whereto), &iov, 1, &cmsg, 0, 0 }; m.msg_controllen = cmsg_len; iov.iov_len = cc; i = sendmsg(icmp_sock, &m, confirm); confirm = 0; } while (0); return (cc == i ? 0 : i); } /* * parse_reply -- * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). */ void pr_echo_reply(__u8 *_icp, int len) { struct icmphdr *icp = (struct icmphdr *)_icp; printf(" icmp_seq=%u", ntohs(icp->un.echo.sequence)); } int parse_reply(struct msghdr *msg, int cc, void *addr, struct timeval *tv) { struct sockaddr_in *from = addr; __u8 *buf = msg->msg_iov->iov_base; struct icmphdr *icp; struct iphdr *ip; int hlen; int csfailed; /* Check the IP header */ ip = (struct iphdr *)buf; hlen = ip->ihl*4; if (cc < hlen + 8 || ip->ihl < 5) { if (options & F_VERBOSE) fprintf(stderr, "ping: packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc, pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr)); return 1; } /* Now the ICMP part */ cc -= hlen; icp = (struct icmphdr *)(buf + hlen); csfailed = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc, 0); if (icp->type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) { if (icp->un.echo.id != ident) return 1; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ if (gather_statistics((__u8*)icp, sizeof(*icp), cc, ntohs(icp->un.echo.sequence), ip->ttl, 0, tv, pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr), pr_echo_reply)) return 0; } else { /* We fall here when a redirect or source quench arrived. * Also this branch processes icmp errors, when IP_RECVERR * is broken. */ switch (icp->type) { case ICMP_ECHO: /* MUST NOT */ return 1; case ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH: case ICMP_REDIRECT: case ICMP_DEST_UNREACH: case ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED: case ICMP_PARAMETERPROB: { struct iphdr * iph = (struct iphdr *)(&icp[1]); struct icmphdr *icp1 = (struct icmphdr*)((unsigned char *)iph + iph->ihl*4); int error_pkt; if (cc < 8+sizeof(struct iphdr)+8 || cc < 8+iph->ihl*4+8) return 1; if (icp1->type != ICMP_ECHO || iph->daddr != whereto.sin_addr.s_addr || icp1->un.echo.id != ident) return 1; error_pkt = (icp->type != ICMP_REDIRECT && icp->type != ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH); if (error_pkt) { acknowledge(ntohs(icp1->un.echo.sequence)); if (working_recverr) { return 0; } else { static int once; /* Sigh, IP_RECVERR for raw socket * was broken until 2.4.9. So, we ignore * the first error and warn on the second. */ if (once++ == 1) fprintf(stderr, "\rWARNING: kernel is not very fresh, upgrade is recommended.\n"); if (once == 1) return 0; } } nerrors+=error_pkt; if (options&F_QUIET) return !error_pkt; if (options & F_FLOOD) { if (error_pkt) write_stdout("\bE", 2); return !error_pkt; } print_timestamp(); printf("From %s: icmp_seq=%u ", pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr), ntohs(icp1->un.echo.sequence)); if (csfailed) printf("(BAD CHECKSUM)"); pr_icmph(icp->type, icp->code, ntohl(icp->un.gateway), icp); return !error_pkt; } default: /* MUST NOT */ break; } if ((options & F_FLOOD) && !(options & (F_VERBOSE|F_QUIET))) { if (!csfailed) write_stdout("!E", 2); else write_stdout("!EC", 3); return 0; } if (!(options & F_VERBOSE) || uid) return 0; if (options & F_PTIMEOFDAY) { struct timeval recv_time; gettimeofday(&recv_time, NULL); printf("%lu.%06lu ", (unsigned long)recv_time.tv_sec, (unsigned long)recv_time.tv_usec); } printf("From %s: ", pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr)); if (csfailed) { printf("(BAD CHECKSUM)\n"); return 0; } pr_icmph(icp->type, icp->code, ntohl(icp->un.gateway), icp); return 0; } if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { pr_options(buf + sizeof(struct iphdr), hlen); if (options & F_AUDIBLE) putchar('\a'); putchar('\n'); fflush(stdout); } else { putchar('\a'); fflush(stdout); } return 0; } u_short in_cksum(const u_short *addr, register int len, u_short csum) { register int nleft = len; const u_short *w = addr; register u_short answer; register int sum = csum; /* * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), * we add sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold * back all the carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower * 16 bits. */ while (nleft > 1) { sum += *w++; nleft -= 2; } /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ if (nleft == 1) sum += htons(*(u_char *)w << 8); /* * add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ return (answer); } /* * pr_icmph -- * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. */ void pr_icmph(__u8 type, __u8 code, __u32 info, struct icmphdr *icp) { switch(type) { case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: printf("Echo Reply\n"); /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ break; case ICMP_DEST_UNREACH: switch(code) { case ICMP_NET_UNREACH: printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); break; case ICMP_HOST_UNREACH: printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); break; case ICMP_PROT_UNREACH: printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); break; case ICMP_PORT_UNREACH: printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); break; case ICMP_FRAG_NEEDED: printf("Frag needed and DF set (mtu = %u)\n", info); break; case ICMP_SR_FAILED: printf("Source Route Failed\n"); break; case ICMP_NET_UNKNOWN: printf("Destination Net Unknown\n"); break; case ICMP_HOST_UNKNOWN: printf("Destination Host Unknown\n"); break; case ICMP_HOST_ISOLATED: printf("Source Host Isolated\n"); break; case ICMP_NET_ANO: printf("Destination Net Prohibited\n"); break; case ICMP_HOST_ANO: printf("Destination Host Prohibited\n"); break; case ICMP_NET_UNR_TOS: printf("Destination Net Unreachable for Type of Service\n"); break; case ICMP_HOST_UNR_TOS: printf("Destination Host Unreachable for Type of Service\n"); break; case ICMP_PKT_FILTERED: printf("Packet filtered\n"); break; case ICMP_PREC_VIOLATION: printf("Precedence Violation\n"); break; case ICMP_PREC_CUTOFF: printf("Precedence Cutoff\n"); break; default: printf("Dest Unreachable, Bad Code: %d\n", code); break; } if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE)) pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1)); break; case ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH: printf("Source Quench\n"); if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE)) pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1)); break; case ICMP_REDIRECT: switch(code) { case ICMP_REDIR_NET: printf("Redirect Network"); break; case ICMP_REDIR_HOST: printf("Redirect Host"); break; case ICMP_REDIR_NETTOS: printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); break; case ICMP_REDIR_HOSTTOS: printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); break; default: printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", code); break; } if (icp) printf("(New nexthop: %s)\n", pr_addr(icp->un.gateway)); if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE)) pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1)); break; case ICMP_ECHO: printf("Echo Request\n"); /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ break; case ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED: switch(code) { case ICMP_EXC_TTL: printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); break; case ICMP_EXC_FRAGTIME: printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); break; default: printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", code); break; } if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE)) pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1)); break; case ICMP_PARAMETERPROB: printf("Parameter problem: pointer = %u\n", icp ? (ntohl(icp->un.gateway)>>24) : info); if (icp && (options & F_VERBOSE)) pr_iph((struct iphdr*)(icp + 1)); break; case ICMP_TIMESTAMP: printf("Timestamp\n"); /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ break; case ICMP_TIMESTAMPREPLY: printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ break; case ICMP_INFO_REQUEST: printf("Information Request\n"); /* XXX ID + Seq */ break; case ICMP_INFO_REPLY: printf("Information Reply\n"); /* XXX ID + Seq */ break; #ifdef ICMP_MASKREQ case ICMP_MASKREQ: printf("Address Mask Request\n"); break; #endif #ifdef ICMP_MASKREPLY case ICMP_MASKREPLY: printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); break; #endif default: printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", type); } } void pr_options(unsigned char * cp, int hlen) { int i, j; int optlen, totlen; unsigned char * optptr; static int old_rrlen; static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; totlen = hlen-sizeof(struct iphdr); optptr = cp; while (totlen > 0) { if (*optptr == IPOPT_EOL) break; if (*optptr == IPOPT_NOP) { totlen--; optptr++; printf("\nNOP"); continue; } cp = optptr; optlen = optptr[1]; if (optlen < 2 || optlen > totlen) break; switch (*cp) { case IPOPT_SSRR: case IPOPT_LSRR: printf("\n%cSRR: ", *cp==IPOPT_SSRR ? 'S' : 'L'); j = *++cp; i = *++cp; i -= 4; cp++; if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF) { for (;;) { __u32 address; memcpy(&address, cp, 4); cp += 4; if (address == 0) printf("\t0.0.0.0"); else printf("\t%s", pr_addr(address)); j -= 4; putchar('\n'); if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF) break; } } break; case IPOPT_RR: j = *++cp; /* get length */ i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ if (i > j) i = j; i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; if (i <= 0) break; if (i == old_rrlen && !memcmp(cp, old_rr, i) && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { printf("\t(same route)"); i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4; cp += i; break; } old_rrlen = i; memcpy(old_rr, (char *)cp, i); printf("\nRR: "); cp++; for (;;) { __u32 address; memcpy(&address, cp, 4); cp += 4; if (address == 0) printf("\t0.0.0.0"); else printf("\t%s", pr_addr(address)); i -= 4; putchar('\n'); if (i <= 0) break; } break; case IPOPT_TS: { int stdtime = 0, nonstdtime = 0; __u8 flags; j = *++cp; /* get length */ i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ if (i > j) i = j; i -= 5; if (i <= 0) break; flags = *++cp; printf("\nTS: "); cp++; for (;;) { long l; if ((flags&0xF) != IPOPT_TS_TSONLY) { __u32 address; memcpy(&address, cp, 4); cp += 4; if (address == 0) printf("\t0.0.0.0"); else printf("\t%s", pr_addr(address)); i -= 4; if (i <= 0) break; } l = *cp++; l = (l<<8) + *cp++; l = (l<<8) + *cp++; l = (l<<8) + *cp++; if (l & 0x80000000) { if (nonstdtime==0) printf("\t%ld absolute not-standard", l&0x7fffffff); else printf("\t%ld not-standard", (l&0x7fffffff) - nonstdtime); nonstdtime = l&0x7fffffff; } else { if (stdtime==0) printf("\t%ld absolute", l); else printf("\t%ld", l - stdtime); stdtime = l; } i -= 4; putchar('\n'); if (i <= 0) break; } if (flags>>4) printf("Unrecorded hops: %d\n", flags>>4); break; } default: printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); break; } totlen -= optlen; optptr += optlen; } } /* * pr_iph -- * Print an IP header with options. */ void pr_iph(struct iphdr *ip) { int hlen; u_char *cp; hlen = ip->ihl << 2; cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst Data\n"); printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", ip->version, ip->ihl, ip->tos, ip->tot_len, ip->id); printf(" %1x %04x", ((ip->frag_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, (ip->frag_off) & 0x1fff); printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ttl, ip->protocol, ip->check); printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->saddr)); printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&ip->daddr)); printf("\n"); pr_options(cp, hlen); } /* * pr_addr -- * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with * a hostname. */ char * pr_addr(__u32 addr) { struct hostent *hp; static char buf[4096]; in_pr_addr = !setjmp(pr_addr_jmp); if (exiting || (options & F_NUMERIC) || !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&addr, 4, AF_INET))) sprintf(buf, "%s", inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&addr)); else { char *s; #if USE_IDN if (idna_to_unicode_lzlz(hp->h_name, &s, 0) != IDNA_SUCCESS) s = NULL; #else s = NULL; #endif snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", s ? s : hp->h_name, inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&addr)); #if USE_IDN free(s); #endif } in_pr_addr = 0; return(buf); } /* Set Type of Service (TOS) and other Quality of Service relating bits */ int parsetos(char *str) { const char *cp; int tos; char *ep; /* handle both hex and decimal values */ if (str[0] == '0' && (str[1] == 'x' || str[1] == 'X')) { cp = str + 2; tos = (int)strtol(cp, &ep, 16); } else tos = (int)strtol(str, &ep, 10); /* doesn't look like decimal or hex, eh? */ if (*ep != '\0') { fprintf(stderr, "ping: \"%s\" bad value for TOS\n", str); exit(2); } if (tos > TOS_MAX) { fprintf(stderr, "ping: the decimal value of TOS bits must be 0-254 (or zero)\n"); exit(2); } return(tos); } #include void install_filter(void) { static int once; static struct sock_filter insns[] = { BPF_STMT(BPF_LDX|BPF_B|BPF_MSH, 0), /* Skip IP header. F..g BSD... Look into ping6. */ BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_H|BPF_IND, 4), /* Load icmp echo ident */ BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, 0xAAAA, 0, 1), /* Ours? */ BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, ~0U), /* Yes, it passes. */ BPF_STMT(BPF_LD|BPF_B|BPF_IND, 0), /* Load icmp type */ BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, ICMP_ECHOREPLY, 1, 0), /* Echo? */ BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, 0xFFFFFFF), /* No. It passes. */ BPF_STMT(BPF_RET|BPF_K, 0) /* Echo with wrong ident. Reject. */ }; static struct sock_fprog filter = { sizeof insns / sizeof(insns[0]), insns }; if (once) return; once = 1; /* Patch bpflet for current identifier. */ insns[2] = (struct sock_filter)BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP|BPF_JEQ|BPF_K, htons(ident), 0, 1); if (setsockopt(icmp_sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ATTACH_FILTER, &filter, sizeof(filter))) perror("WARNING: failed to install socket filter\n"); } #define USAGE_NEWLINE "\n " void usage(void) { fprintf(stderr, "Usage: ping" " [-" "aAbBdDfhLnOqrRUvV" "]" " [-c count]" " [-i interval]" " [-I interface]" USAGE_NEWLINE " [-m mark]" " [-M pmtudisc_option]" " [-l preload]" " [-p pattern]" " [-Q tos]" USAGE_NEWLINE " [-s packetsize]" " [-S sndbuf]" " [-t ttl]" " [-T timestamp_option]" USAGE_NEWLINE " [-w deadline]" " [-W timeout]" " [hop1 ...] destination" "\n" ); exit(2); }