/* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
 * Copyright by The HDF Group.                                               *
 * All rights reserved.                                                      *
 *                                                                           *
 * This file is part of HDF5.  The full HDF5 copyright notice, including     *
 * terms governing use, modification, and redistribution, is contained in    *
 * the COPYING file, which can be found at the root of the source code       *
 * distribution tree, or in https://support.hdfgroup.org/ftp/HDF5/releases.  *
 * If you do not have access to either file, you may request a copy from     *
 * help@hdfgroup.org.                                                        *
 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */

/***********************************************************
*
* Test program: twriteorder
*
* Test to verify that the write order is strictly consistent.
* The SWMR feature requires that the order of write is strictly consistent.
* "Strict consistency in computer science is the most stringent consistency
* model.  It says that a read operation has to return the result of the
* latest write operation which occurred on that data item."--
* (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linearizability#Definition_of_linearizability).
* This is also an alternative form of what POSIX write require that after a
* write operation has returned success, all reads issued afterward should
* get the same data the write has written.
*
* Created: Albert Cheng, 2013/8/28.
* Modified:
*************************************************************/

/***********************************************************
*
* Algorithm
*
* The test simulates what SWMR does by writing chained blocks and see if
* they can be read back correctly.
* There is a writer process and multiple read processes.
* The file is divided into 2KB partitions. Then writer writes 1 chained
* block, each of 1KB big, in each partition after the first partition.
* Each chained block has this structure:
* Byte 0-3: offset address of its child block. The last child uses 0 as NULL.
* Byte 4-1023: some artificial data.
* The child block address of Block 1 is NULL (0).
* The child block address of Block 2 is the offset address of Block 1.
* The child block address of Block n is the offset address of Block n-1.
* After all n blocks are written, the offset address of Block n is written
* to the offset 0 of the first partition.
* Therefore, by the time the offset address of Block n is written to this
* position, all n chain-linked blocks have been written.
*
* The other reader processes will try to read the address value at the
* offset 0. The value is initially NULL(0). When it changes to non-zero,
* it signifies the writer process has written all the chain-link blocks
* and they are ready for the reader processes to access.
*
* If the system, in which the writer and reader processes run, the readers
* will always get all chain-linked blocks correctly. If the order of write
* is not maintained, some reader processes may found unexpect block data.
*
*************************************************************/

#include "h5test.h"

/* This test uses many POSIX things that are not available on
 * Windows. We're using a check for fork(2) here as a proxy for
 * all POSIX/Unix/Linux things until this test can be made
 * more platform-independent.
 */
#ifdef H5_HAVE_FORK

#define DATAFILE   "twriteorder.dat"
/* #define READERS_MAX	10 */	/* max number of readers */
#define BLOCKSIZE_DFT   1024	/* 1KB */
#define PARTITION_DFT	2048	/* 2KB */
#define NLINKEDBLOCKS_DFT 512	/* default 512 */
#define SIZE_BLKADDR	4	/* expected sizeof blkaddr */
#define Hgoto_error(val)	{ret_value=val; goto done;}

/* type declarations */
typedef enum part_t {
    UC_READWRITE	=0,	/* both writer and reader */
    UC_WRITER,			/* writer only */
    UC_READER			/* reader only */
} part_t;

/* prototypes */
int create_wo_file(void);
int write_wo_file(void);
int read_wo_file(void);
void usage(const char *prog);
int setup_parameters(int argc, char * const argv[]);
int parse_option(int argc, char * const argv[]);

/* Global Variable definitions */
const char *progname_g="twriteorder";	/* program name */
int	write_fd_g;
int	blocksize_g, part_size_g, nlinkedblock_g;
part_t  launch_g;

/* Function definitions */

/* Show help page */
void
usage(const char *prog)
{
    fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [OPTIONS]\n", prog);
    fprintf(stderr, "  OPTIONS\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "     -h            Print a usage message and exit\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "     -l w|r        launch writer or reader only. [default: launch both]\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "     -b N          Block size [default: %d]\n", BLOCKSIZE_DFT);
    fprintf(stderr, "     -p N          Partition size [default: %d]\n", PARTITION_DFT);
    fprintf(stderr, "     -n N          Number of linked blocks [default: %d]\n", NLINKEDBLOCKS_DFT);
    fprintf(stderr, "     where N is an integer value\n");
    fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}

/* Setup test parameters by parsing command line options.
 * Setup default values if not set by options. */
int
parse_option(int argc, char * const argv[])
{
    int ret_value=0;
    int c;
    /* command line options: See function usage for a description */
    const char *cmd_options = "hb:l:n:p:";

    /* suppress getopt from printing error */
    opterr = 0;

    while (1){
	c = getopt (argc, argv, cmd_options);
	if (-1 == c)
	    break;
	switch (c) {
	  case 'h':
	    usage(progname_g);
	    exit(0);
	    break;
	  case 'b':	/* number of planes to write/read */
	    if ((blocksize_g = atoi(optarg)) <= 0){
		fprintf(stderr, "bad blocksize %s, must be a positive integer\n", optarg);
		usage(progname_g);
		Hgoto_error(-1);
	    };
	    break;
	  case 'n':	/* number of planes to write/read */
	    if ((nlinkedblock_g = atoi(optarg)) < 2){
		fprintf(stderr, "bad number of linked blocks %s, must be greater than 1.\n", optarg);
		usage(progname_g);
		Hgoto_error(-1);
	    };
	    break;
	  case 'p':	/* number of planes to write/read */
	    if ((part_size_g = atoi(optarg)) <= 0){
		fprintf(stderr, "bad partition size %s, must be a positive integer\n", optarg);
		usage(progname_g);
		Hgoto_error(-1);
	    };
	    break;
	  case 'l':	/* launch reader or writer only */
	    switch (*optarg) {
	      case 'r':	/* reader only */
		launch_g = UC_READER;
		break;
	      case 'w': /* writer only */
		launch_g = UC_WRITER;
		break;
	      default:
		fprintf(stderr, "launch value(%c) should be w or r only.\n", *optarg);
		usage(progname_g);
		Hgoto_error(-1);
		break;
	    }
	    printf("launch = %d\n", launch_g);
	    break;
	  case '?':
	    fprintf(stderr, "getopt returned '%c'.\n", c);
	    usage(progname_g);
	    Hgoto_error(-1);
	  default:
	    fprintf(stderr, "getopt returned unexpected value.\n");
	    fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected value is %d\n", c);
	    Hgoto_error(-1);
	}
    }

    /* verify partition size must be >= blocksize */
    if (part_size_g < blocksize_g ){
	fprintf(stderr, "Blocksize %d should not be bigger than partition size %d\n",
	    blocksize_g, part_size_g);
	Hgoto_error(-1);                                                                  
    }

done:
    /* All done. */
    return(ret_value);
}

/* Setup parameters for the test case.
 * Return: 0 succeed; -1 fail.
 */
int setup_parameters(int argc, char * const argv[])
{
    /* test case defaults */
    blocksize_g = BLOCKSIZE_DFT;
    part_size_g = PARTITION_DFT;
    nlinkedblock_g = NLINKEDBLOCKS_DFT;
    launch_g = UC_READWRITE;

    /* parse options */
    if (parse_option(argc, argv) < 0){
	return(-1);
    }

    /* show parameters and return */
    printf("blocksize = %ld\n", (long)blocksize_g);
    printf("part_size = %ld\n", (long)part_size_g);
    printf("nlinkedblock = %ld\n", (long)nlinkedblock_g);
    printf("launch = %d\n", launch_g);
    return(0);
}

/* Create the test file with initial "empty" file, that is,
 * partition 0 has a null (0) address.
 *
 * Return: 0 succeed; -1 fail.
 */
int create_wo_file(void)
{
    int    blkaddr=0;	/* blkaddress of next linked block */
    int	   ret_code;

    /* Create the data file */
    if ((write_fd_g = HDopen(DATAFILE, O_RDWR|O_TRUNC|O_CREAT, 0664)) < 0) {
	printf("WRITER: error from open\n");
	return -1;
    }
    blkaddr=0;
    /* write it to partition 0 */
    if ((ret_code=HDwrite(write_fd_g, &blkaddr, (size_t)SIZE_BLKADDR)) != SIZE_BLKADDR){
	printf("blkaddr write failed\n");
	return -1;
    }

    /* File initialized, return success */
    return 0;
}

int write_wo_file(void)
{
    int blkaddr;
    int blkaddr_old=0;
    int i;
    char buffer[BLOCKSIZE_DFT];
    int  ret_code;
    

    /* write block 1, 2, ... */
    for (i=1; i<nlinkedblock_g; i++){
	/* calculate where to write this block */
	blkaddr = i*part_size_g + i;
	/* store old block address in byte 0-3 */
	HDmemcpy(&buffer[0], &blkaddr_old, sizeof(blkaddr_old));
	/* fill the rest with the lowest byte of i */
	HDmemset(&buffer[4], i & 0xff, (size_t) (BLOCKSIZE_DFT-4));
	/* write the block */
#ifdef DEBUG
	printf("writing block at %d\n", blkaddr);
#endif
	HDlseek(write_fd_g, (HDoff_t)blkaddr, SEEK_SET);
	if ((ret_code=HDwrite(write_fd_g, buffer, (size_t)blocksize_g)) != blocksize_g){
	    printf("blkaddr write failed in partition %d\n", i);
	    return -1;
	}
	blkaddr_old = blkaddr;
    }
    /* write the last blkaddr in partition 0 */
    HDlseek(write_fd_g, (HDoff_t)0, SEEK_SET);
    if ((ret_code=HDwrite(write_fd_g, &blkaddr_old, (size_t)sizeof(blkaddr_old))) != sizeof(blkaddr_old)){
	printf("blkaddr write failed in partition %d\n", 0);
	return -1;
    }

    /* all writes done. return succeess. */
#ifdef DEBUG
    printf("wrote %d blocks\n", nlinkedblock_g);
#endif
    return 0;
}

int read_wo_file(void)
{
    int read_fd;
    int blkaddr=0;
    int ret_code;
    int linkedblocks_read=0;
    char buffer[BLOCKSIZE_DFT];

    /* Open the data file */
    if ((read_fd = HDopen(DATAFILE, O_RDONLY, 0)) < 0) {
	printf("READER: error from open\n");
	return -1;
    }
    /* keep reading the initial block address until it is non-zero before proceeding. */
    while (blkaddr == 0){
	HDlseek(read_fd, (HDoff_t)0, SEEK_SET);
	if ((ret_code=HDread(read_fd, &blkaddr, (size_t)sizeof(blkaddr))) != sizeof(blkaddr)){
	    printf("blkaddr read failed in partition %d\n", 0);
	    return -1;
	}
    }
    linkedblocks_read++;

    /* got a non-zero blkaddr. Proceed down the linked blocks. */
#ifdef DEBUG
    printf("got initial block address=%d\n", blkaddr);
#endif
    while (blkaddr != 0){
	HDlseek(read_fd, (HDoff_t)blkaddr, SEEK_SET);
	if ((ret_code=HDread(read_fd, buffer, (size_t)blocksize_g)) != blocksize_g){
	    printf("blkaddr read failed in partition %d\n", 0);
	    return -1;
	}
	linkedblocks_read++;
	/* retrieve the block address in byte 0-3 */
	HDmemcpy(&blkaddr, &buffer[0], sizeof(blkaddr));
#ifdef DEBUG
	printf("got next block address=%d\n", blkaddr);
#endif
    }

#ifdef DEBUG
    printf("read %d blocks\n", linkedblocks_read);
#endif
    return 0;
}


/* Overall Algorithm: 
 * Parse options from user;
 * Generate/pre-created the test file needed and close it;
 * fork: child processes become the reader processes;
 *       while parent process continues as the writer process;
 * both run till ending conditions are met.
 */
int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    /*pid_t childpid[READERS_MAX];
    int child_ret_value[READERS_MAX];*/
    pid_t childpid=0;
    int child_ret_value;
    pid_t mypid, tmppid;
    int	child_status;
    int child_wait_option=0;
    int ret_value = 0;

    /* initialization */
    if (setup_parameters(argc, argv) < 0){
	Hgoto_error(1);
    }

    /* ==============================================================*/
    /* UC_READWRITE: create datafile, launch both reader and writer. */
    /* UC_WRITER:    create datafile, skip reader, launch writer.    */
    /* UC_READER:    skip create, launch reader, exit.               */
    /* ==============================================================*/
    /* ============*/
    /* Create file */
    /* ============*/
    if (launch_g != UC_READER){
	printf("Creating skeleton data file for test...\n");
	if (create_wo_file() < 0){
	    fprintf(stderr, "***encounter error\n");
	    Hgoto_error(1);
	}else
	    printf("File created.\n");
    }
    /* flush output before possible fork */
    HDfflush(stdout);

    if (launch_g==UC_READWRITE){
	/* fork process */
	if((childpid = fork()) < 0) {
	    perror("fork");
	    Hgoto_error(1);
	};
    };
    mypid = getpid();

    /* ============= */
    /* launch reader */
    /* ============= */
    if (launch_g != UC_WRITER){
	/* child process launch the reader */
	if(0 == childpid) {
	    printf("%d: launch reader process\n", mypid);
	    if (read_wo_file() < 0){
		fprintf(stderr, "read_wo_file encountered error\n");
		exit(1);
	    }
	    /* Reader is done. Clean up by removing the data file */
	    HDremove(DATAFILE);
	    exit(0);
	}
    }

    /* ============= */
    /* launch writer */
    /* ============= */
    /* this process continues to launch the writer */
#ifdef DEBUG
    printf("%d: continue as the writer process\n", mypid);
#endif
    if (write_wo_file() < 0){
	fprintf(stderr, "write_wo_file encountered error\n");
	Hgoto_error(1);
    }

    /* ================================================ */
    /* If readwrite, collect exit code of child process */
    /* ================================================ */
    if (launch_g == UC_READWRITE){
	if ((tmppid = waitpid(childpid, &child_status, child_wait_option)) < 0){
	    perror("waitpid");
	    Hgoto_error(1);
	}
	if (WIFEXITED(child_status)){
	    if ((child_ret_value=WEXITSTATUS(child_status)) != 0){
		printf("%d: child process exited with non-zero code (%d)\n",
		    mypid, child_ret_value);
		Hgoto_error(2);
	    }
	} else {
	    printf("%d: child process terminated abnormally\n", mypid);
	    Hgoto_error(2);
	}
    }
    
done:
    /* Print result and exit */
    if (ret_value != 0){
	printf("Error(s) encountered\n");
    }else{
	printf("All passed\n");
    }

    return(ret_value);
}

#else /* H5_HAVE_FORK */

int
main(void)
{
    HDfprintf(stderr, "Non-POSIX platform. Skipping.\n");
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
} /* end main() */

#endif /* H5_HAVE_FORK */