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|
//
// Copyright (c) Microsoft. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the MIT license. See LICENSE file in the project root for full license information.
//
//
// .A simple CoreCLR host that runs on CoreSystem.
//
#include "windows.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include "mscoree.h"
#include <Logger.h>
#include "palclr.h"
// The name of the CoreCLR native runtime DLL.
static const wchar_t *coreCLRDll = W("CoreCLR.dll");
// The location where CoreCLR is expected to be installed. If CoreCLR.dll isn't
// found in the same directory as the host, it will be looked for here.
static const wchar_t *coreCLRInstallDirectory = W("%windir%\\system32\\");
// Dynamically expanding string buffer to hold TPA list
class StringBuffer {
wchar_t* m_buffer;
size_t m_capacity;
size_t m_length;
StringBuffer(const StringBuffer&);
StringBuffer& operator =(const StringBuffer&);
public:
StringBuffer() : m_capacity(0), m_buffer(0), m_length(0) {
}
~StringBuffer() {
delete[] m_buffer;
}
const wchar_t* CStr() const {
return m_buffer;
}
void Append(const wchar_t* str, size_t strLen) {
if (!m_buffer) {
m_buffer = new wchar_t[4096];
m_capacity = 4096;
}
if (m_length + strLen + 1 > m_capacity) {
size_t newCapacity = m_capacity * 2;
wchar_t* newBuffer = new wchar_t[newCapacity];
wcsncpy_s(newBuffer, newCapacity, m_buffer, m_length);
delete[] m_buffer;
m_buffer = newBuffer;
m_capacity = newCapacity;
}
wcsncpy_s(m_buffer + m_length, m_capacity - m_length, str, strLen);
m_length += strLen;
}
};
// Encapsulates the environment that CoreCLR will run in, including the TPALIST
class HostEnvironment
{
// The path to this module
wchar_t m_hostPath[MAX_PATH];
// The path to the directory containing this module
wchar_t m_hostDirectoryPath[MAX_PATH];
// The name of this module, without the path
wchar_t *m_hostExeName;
// The list of paths to the assemblies that will be trusted by CoreCLR
StringBuffer m_tpaList;
ICLRRuntimeHost2* m_CLRRuntimeHost;
HMODULE m_coreCLRModule;
Logger *m_log;
// Attempts to load CoreCLR.dll from the given directory.
// On success pins the dll, sets m_coreCLRDirectoryPath and returns the HMODULE.
// On failure returns nullptr.
HMODULE TryLoadCoreCLR(const wchar_t* directoryPath) {
wchar_t coreCLRPath[MAX_PATH];
wcscpy_s(coreCLRPath, directoryPath);
wcscat_s(coreCLRPath, coreCLRDll);
*m_log << W("Attempting to load: ") << coreCLRPath << Logger::endl;
HMODULE result = ::LoadLibraryExW(coreCLRPath, NULL, 0);
if (!result) {
*m_log << W("Failed to load: ") << coreCLRPath << Logger::endl;
*m_log << W("Error code: ") << GetLastError() << Logger::endl;
return nullptr;
}
// Pin the module - CoreCLR.dll does not support being unloaded.
HMODULE dummy_coreCLRModule;
if (!::GetModuleHandleExW(GET_MODULE_HANDLE_EX_FLAG_PIN, coreCLRPath, &dummy_coreCLRModule)) {
*m_log << W("Failed to pin: ") << coreCLRPath << Logger::endl;
return nullptr;
}
wchar_t coreCLRLoadedPath[MAX_PATH];
::GetModuleFileNameW(result, coreCLRLoadedPath, MAX_PATH);
*m_log << W("Loaded: ") << coreCLRLoadedPath << Logger::endl;
return result;
}
public:
// The path to the directory that CoreCLR is in
wchar_t m_coreCLRDirectoryPath[MAX_PATH];
HostEnvironment(Logger *logger)
: m_log(logger), m_CLRRuntimeHost(nullptr) {
// Discover the path to this exe's module. All other files are expected to be in the same directory.
DWORD thisModuleLength = ::GetModuleFileNameW(::GetModuleHandleW(nullptr), m_hostPath, MAX_PATH);
// Search for the last backslash in the host path.
int lastBackslashIndex;
for (lastBackslashIndex = thisModuleLength-1; lastBackslashIndex >= 0; lastBackslashIndex--) {
if (m_hostPath[lastBackslashIndex] == W('\\')) {
break;
}
}
// Copy the directory path
::wcsncpy_s(m_hostDirectoryPath, m_hostPath, lastBackslashIndex + 1);
// Save the exe name
m_hostExeName = m_hostPath + lastBackslashIndex + 1;
*m_log << W("Host directory: ") << m_hostDirectoryPath << Logger::endl;
// Check for %CORE_ROOT% and try to load CoreCLR.dll from it if it is set
wchar_t coreRoot[MAX_PATH];
size_t outSize;
m_coreCLRModule = NULL; // Initialize this here since we don't call TryLoadCoreCLR if CORE_ROOT is unset.
if (_wgetenv_s(&outSize, coreRoot, MAX_PATH, W("CORE_ROOT")) == 0 && outSize > 0)
{
wcscat_s(coreRoot, MAX_PATH, W("\\"));
m_coreCLRModule = TryLoadCoreCLR(coreRoot);
}
else
{
*m_log << W("CORE_ROOT not set; skipping") << Logger::endl;
*m_log << W("You can set the environment variable CORE_ROOT to point to the path") << Logger::endl;
*m_log << W("where CoreCLR.dll lives to help CoreRun.exe find it.") << Logger::endl;
}
// Try to load CoreCLR from the directory that coreRun is in
if (!m_coreCLRModule) {
m_coreCLRModule = TryLoadCoreCLR(m_hostDirectoryPath);
}
if (!m_coreCLRModule) {
// Failed to load. Try to load from the well-known location.
wchar_t coreCLRInstallPath[MAX_PATH];
::ExpandEnvironmentStringsW(coreCLRInstallDirectory, coreCLRInstallPath, MAX_PATH);
m_coreCLRModule = TryLoadCoreCLR(coreCLRInstallPath);
}
if (m_coreCLRModule) {
// Save the directory that CoreCLR was found in
DWORD modulePathLength = ::GetModuleFileNameW(m_coreCLRModule, m_coreCLRDirectoryPath, MAX_PATH);
// Search for the last backslash and terminate it there to keep just the directory path with trailing slash
for (lastBackslashIndex = modulePathLength-1; lastBackslashIndex >= 0; lastBackslashIndex--) {
if (m_coreCLRDirectoryPath[lastBackslashIndex] == W('\\')) {
m_coreCLRDirectoryPath[lastBackslashIndex + 1] = W('\0');
break;
}
}
} else {
*m_log << W("Unable to load ") << coreCLRDll << Logger::endl;
}
}
~HostEnvironment() {
if(m_coreCLRModule) {
// Free the module. This is done for completeness, but in fact CoreCLR.dll
// was pinned earlier so this call won't actually free it. The pinning is
// done because CoreCLR does not support unloading.
::FreeLibrary(m_coreCLRModule);
}
}
bool TPAListContainsFile(wchar_t* fileNameWithoutExtension, wchar_t** rgTPAExtensions, int countExtensions)
{
if (!m_tpaList.CStr()) return false;
for (int iExtension = 0; iExtension < countExtensions; iExtension++)
{
wchar_t fileName[MAX_PATH];
wcscpy_s(fileName, MAX_PATH, W("\\")); // So that we don't match other files that end with the current file name
wcscat_s(fileName, MAX_PATH, fileNameWithoutExtension);
wcscat_s(fileName, MAX_PATH, rgTPAExtensions[iExtension] + 1);
wcscat_s(fileName, MAX_PATH, W(";")); // So that we don't match other files that begin with the current file name
if (wcsstr(m_tpaList.CStr(), fileName))
{
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
void RemoveExtensionAndNi(wchar_t* fileName)
{
// Remove extension, if it exists
wchar_t* extension = wcsrchr(fileName, W('.'));
if (extension != NULL)
{
extension[0] = W('\0');
// Check for .ni
size_t len = wcslen(fileName);
if (len > 3 &&
fileName[len - 1] == W('i') &&
fileName[len - 2] == W('n') &&
fileName[len - 3] == W('.') )
{
fileName[len - 3] = W('\0');
}
}
}
void AddFilesFromDirectoryToTPAList(wchar_t* targetPath, wchar_t** rgTPAExtensions, int countExtensions)
{
*m_log << W("Adding assemblies from ") << targetPath << W(" to the TPA list") << Logger::endl;
wchar_t assemblyPath[MAX_PATH];
for (int iExtension = 0; iExtension < countExtensions; iExtension++)
{
wcscpy_s(assemblyPath, MAX_PATH, targetPath);
const size_t dirLength = wcslen(targetPath);
wchar_t* const fileNameBuffer = assemblyPath + dirLength;
const size_t fileNameBufferSize = MAX_PATH - dirLength;
wcscat_s(assemblyPath, rgTPAExtensions[iExtension]);
WIN32_FIND_DATA data;
HANDLE findHandle = FindFirstFile(assemblyPath, &data);
if (findHandle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
do {
if (!(data.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)) {
// It seems that CoreCLR doesn't always use the first instance of an assembly on the TPA list (ni's may be preferred
// over il, even if they appear later). So, only include the first instance of a simple assembly name to allow
// users the opportunity to override Framework assemblies by placing dlls in %CORE_LIBRARIES%
// ToLower for case-insensitive comparisons
wchar_t* fileNameChar = data.cFileName;
while (*fileNameChar)
{
*fileNameChar = towlower(*fileNameChar);
fileNameChar++;
}
// Remove extension
wchar_t fileNameWithoutExtension[MAX_PATH];
wcscpy_s(fileNameWithoutExtension, MAX_PATH, data.cFileName);
RemoveExtensionAndNi(fileNameWithoutExtension);
// Add to the list if not already on it
if (!TPAListContainsFile(fileNameWithoutExtension, rgTPAExtensions, countExtensions))
{
const size_t fileLength = wcslen(data.cFileName);
const size_t assemblyPathLength = dirLength + fileLength;
wcsncpy_s(fileNameBuffer, fileNameBufferSize, data.cFileName, fileLength);
m_tpaList.Append(assemblyPath, assemblyPathLength);
m_tpaList.Append(W(";"), 1);
}
else
{
*m_log << W("Not adding ") << targetPath << data.cFileName << W(" to the TPA list because another file with the same name is already present on the list") << Logger::endl;
}
}
} while (0 != FindNextFile(findHandle, &data));
FindClose(findHandle);
}
}
}
// Returns the semicolon-separated list of paths to runtime dlls that are considered trusted.
// On first call, scans the coreclr directory for dlls and adds them all to the list.
const wchar_t * GetTpaList() {
if (!m_tpaList.CStr()) {
wchar_t *rgTPAExtensions[] = {
W("*.ni.dll"), // Probe for .ni.dll first so that it's preferred if ni and il coexist in the same dir
W("*.dll"),
W("*.ni.exe"),
W("*.exe"),
W("*.ni.winmd")
W("*.winmd")
};
// Add files from %CORE_LIBRARIES% if specified
wchar_t coreLibraries[MAX_PATH];
size_t outSize;
if (_wgetenv_s(&outSize, coreLibraries, MAX_PATH, W("CORE_LIBRARIES")) == 0 && outSize > 0)
{
wcscat_s(coreLibraries, MAX_PATH, W("\\"));
AddFilesFromDirectoryToTPAList(coreLibraries, rgTPAExtensions, _countof(rgTPAExtensions));
}
else
{
*m_log << W("CORE_LIBRARIES not set; skipping") << Logger::endl;
*m_log << W("You can set the environment variable CORE_LIBRARIES to point to a") << Logger::endl;
*m_log << W("path containing additional platform assemblies,") << Logger::endl;
}
AddFilesFromDirectoryToTPAList(m_coreCLRDirectoryPath, rgTPAExtensions, _countof(rgTPAExtensions));
}
return m_tpaList.CStr();
}
// Returns the path to the host module
const wchar_t * GetHostPath() {
return m_hostPath;
}
// Returns the path to the host module
const wchar_t * GetHostExeName() {
return m_hostExeName;
}
// Returns the ICLRRuntimeHost2 instance, loading it from CoreCLR.dll if necessary, or nullptr on failure.
ICLRRuntimeHost2* GetCLRRuntimeHost() {
if (!m_CLRRuntimeHost) {
if (!m_coreCLRModule) {
*m_log << W("Unable to load ") << coreCLRDll << Logger::endl;
return nullptr;
}
*m_log << W("Finding GetCLRRuntimeHost(...)") << Logger::endl;
FnGetCLRRuntimeHost pfnGetCLRRuntimeHost =
(FnGetCLRRuntimeHost)::GetProcAddress(m_coreCLRModule, "GetCLRRuntimeHost");
if (!pfnGetCLRRuntimeHost) {
*m_log << W("Failed to find function GetCLRRuntimeHost in ") << coreCLRDll << Logger::endl;
return nullptr;
}
*m_log << W("Calling GetCLRRuntimeHost(...)") << Logger::endl;
HRESULT hr = pfnGetCLRRuntimeHost(IID_ICLRRuntimeHost2, (IUnknown**)&m_CLRRuntimeHost);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
*m_log << W("Failed to get ICLRRuntimeHost2 interface. ERRORCODE: ") << Logger::hresult << hr << Logger::endl;
return nullptr;
}
}
return m_CLRRuntimeHost;
}
};
bool TryRun(const int argc, const wchar_t* argv[], Logger &log, const bool verbose, const bool waitForDebugger, DWORD &exitCode)
{
// Assume failure
exitCode = -1;
HostEnvironment hostEnvironment(&log);
//-------------------------------------------------------------
// Find the specified exe. This is done using LoadLibrary so that
// the OS library search semantics are used to find it.
const wchar_t* exeName = argc > 0 ? argv[0] : nullptr;
if(exeName == nullptr)
{
log << W("No exename specified.") << Logger::endl;
return false;
}
wchar_t appPath[MAX_PATH] = W("");
wchar_t appNiPath[MAX_PATH * 2] = W("");
wchar_t managedAssemblyFullName[MAX_PATH] = W("");
wchar_t appLocalWinmetadata[MAX_PATH] = W("");
wchar_t* filePart = NULL;
if (!::GetFullPathName(exeName, MAX_PATH, appPath, &filePart)) {
log << W("Failed to get full path: ") << exeName << Logger::endl;
log << W("Error code: ") << GetLastError() << Logger::endl;
return false;
}
wcscpy_s(managedAssemblyFullName, appPath);
*(filePart) = W('\0');
log << W("Loading: ") << managedAssemblyFullName << Logger::endl;
wcscpy_s(appLocalWinmetadata, appPath);
wcscat(appLocalWinmetadata, W("\\WinMetadata"));
DWORD dwAttrib = ::GetFileAttributes(appLocalWinmetadata);
bool appLocalWinMDexists = dwAttrib != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (dwAttrib & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY);
if (!appLocalWinMDexists) {
wcscpy_s(appLocalWinmetadata, W(""));
}
wcscpy_s(appNiPath, appPath);
wcscat(appNiPath, W("NI"));
wcscat_s(appNiPath, MAX_PATH * 2, W(";"));
wcscat_s(appNiPath, MAX_PATH * 2, appPath);
// Construct native search directory paths
wchar_t nativeDllSearchDirs[MAX_PATH * 3];
wcscpy_s(nativeDllSearchDirs, appPath);
wchar_t coreLibraries[MAX_PATH];
size_t outSize;
if (_wgetenv_s(&outSize, coreLibraries, MAX_PATH, W("CORE_LIBRARIES")) == 0 && outSize > 0)
{
wcscat_s(nativeDllSearchDirs, MAX_PATH * 3, W(";"));
wcscat_s(nativeDllSearchDirs, MAX_PATH * 3, coreLibraries);
}
wcscat_s(nativeDllSearchDirs, MAX_PATH * 3, W(";"));
wcscat_s(nativeDllSearchDirs, MAX_PATH * 3, hostEnvironment.m_coreCLRDirectoryPath);
// Start the CoreCLR
ICLRRuntimeHost2 *host = hostEnvironment.GetCLRRuntimeHost();
if (!host) {
return false;
}
HRESULT hr;
log << W("Setting ICLRRuntimeHost2 startup flags") << Logger::endl;
// Default startup flags
hr = host->SetStartupFlags((STARTUP_FLAGS)
(STARTUP_FLAGS::STARTUP_LOADER_OPTIMIZATION_SINGLE_DOMAIN |
STARTUP_FLAGS::STARTUP_SINGLE_APPDOMAIN));
if (FAILED(hr)) {
log << W("Failed to set startup flags. ERRORCODE: ") << Logger::hresult << hr << Logger::endl;
return false;
}
log << W("Starting ICLRRuntimeHost2") << Logger::endl;
hr = host->Start();
if (FAILED(hr)) {
log << W("Failed to start CoreCLR. ERRORCODE: ") << Logger::hresult << hr << Logger:: endl;
return false;
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------
// Create an AppDomain
// Allowed property names:
// APPBASE
// - The base path of the application from which the exe and other assemblies will be loaded
//
// TRUSTED_PLATFORM_ASSEMBLIES
// - The list of complete paths to each of the fully trusted assemblies
//
// APP_PATHS
// - The list of paths which will be probed by the assembly loader
//
// APP_NI_PATHS
// - The list of additional paths that the assembly loader will probe for ngen images
//
// NATIVE_DLL_SEARCH_DIRECTORIES
// - The list of paths that will be probed for native DLLs called by PInvoke
//
const wchar_t *property_keys[] = {
W("TRUSTED_PLATFORM_ASSEMBLIES"),
W("APP_PATHS"),
W("APP_NI_PATHS"),
W("NATIVE_DLL_SEARCH_DIRECTORIES"),
W("AppDomainCompatSwitch"),
W("APP_LOCAL_WINMETADATA")
};
const wchar_t *property_values[] = {
// TRUSTED_PLATFORM_ASSEMBLIES
hostEnvironment.GetTpaList(),
// APP_PATHS
appPath,
// APP_NI_PATHS
appNiPath,
// NATIVE_DLL_SEARCH_DIRECTORIES
nativeDllSearchDirs,
// AppDomainCompatSwitch
W("UseLatestBehaviorWhenTFMNotSpecified"),
// APP_LOCAL_WINMETADATA
appLocalWinmetadata
};
log << W("Creating an AppDomain") << Logger::endl;
for (int idx = 0; idx < sizeof(property_keys) / sizeof(wchar_t*); idx++)
{
log << property_keys[idx] << W("=") << property_values[idx] << Logger::endl;
}
DWORD domainId;
hr = host->CreateAppDomainWithManager(
hostEnvironment.GetHostExeName(), // The friendly name of the AppDomain
// Flags:
// APPDOMAIN_ENABLE_PLATFORM_SPECIFIC_APPS
// - By default CoreCLR only allows platform neutral assembly to be run. To allow
// assemblies marked as platform specific, include this flag
//
// APPDOMAIN_ENABLE_PINVOKE_AND_CLASSIC_COMINTEROP
// - Allows sandboxed applications to make P/Invoke calls and use COM interop
//
// APPDOMAIN_SECURITY_SANDBOXED
// - Enables sandboxing. If not set, the app is considered full trust
//
// APPDOMAIN_IGNORE_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION
// - Prevents the application from being torn down if a managed exception is unhandled
//
APPDOMAIN_ENABLE_PLATFORM_SPECIFIC_APPS |
APPDOMAIN_ENABLE_PINVOKE_AND_CLASSIC_COMINTEROP |
APPDOMAIN_DISABLE_TRANSPARENCY_ENFORCEMENT,
NULL, // Name of the assembly that contains the AppDomainManager implementation
NULL, // The AppDomainManager implementation type name
sizeof(property_keys)/sizeof(wchar_t*), // The number of properties
property_keys,
property_values,
&domainId);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
log << W("Failed call to CreateAppDomainWithManager. ERRORCODE: ") << Logger::hresult << hr << Logger::endl;
return false;
}
if(waitForDebugger)
{
if(!IsDebuggerPresent())
{
log << W("Waiting for the debugger to attach. Press any key to continue ...") << Logger::endl;
getchar();
if (IsDebuggerPresent())
{
log << "Debugger is attached." << Logger::endl;
}
else
{
log << "Debugger failed to attach." << Logger::endl;
}
}
}
hr = host->ExecuteAssembly(domainId, managedAssemblyFullName, argc-1, (argc-1)?&(argv[1]):NULL, &exitCode);
if (FAILED(hr)) {
log << W("Failed call to ExecuteAssembly. ERRORCODE: ") << Logger::hresult << hr << Logger::endl;
return false;
}
log << W("App exit value = ") << exitCode << Logger::endl;
//-------------------------------------------------------------
// Unload the AppDomain
log << W("Unloading the AppDomain") << Logger::endl;
hr = host->UnloadAppDomain(
domainId,
true); // Wait until done
if (FAILED(hr)) {
log << W("Failed to unload the AppDomain. ERRORCODE: ") << Logger::hresult << hr << Logger::endl;
return false;
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------
// Stop the host
log << W("Stopping the host") << Logger::endl;
hr = host->Stop();
if (FAILED(hr)) {
log << W("Failed to stop the host. ERRORCODE: ") << Logger::hresult << hr << Logger::endl;
return false;
}
//-------------------------------------------------------------
// Release the reference to the host
log << W("Releasing ICLRRuntimeHost2") << Logger::endl;
host->Release();
return true;
}
void showHelp() {
::wprintf(
W("Runs executables on CoreCLR\r\n")
W("\r\n")
W("USAGE: coreRun [/d] [/v] Managed.exe\r\n")
W("\r\n")
W(" where Managed.exe is a managed executable built for CoreCLR\r\n")
W(" /v causes verbose output to be written to the console\r\n")
W(" /d causes coreRun to wait for a debugger to attach before\r\n")
W(" launching Managed.exe\r\n")
W("\r\n")
W(" CoreCLR is searched for in %%core_root%%, then in the directory\r\n")
W(" that coreRun.exe is in, then finally in %s.\r\n"),
coreCLRInstallDirectory
);
}
int __cdecl wmain(const int argc, const wchar_t* argv[])
{
// Parse the options from the command line
bool verbose = false;
bool waitForDebugger = false;
bool helpRequested = false;
int newArgc = argc - 1;
const wchar_t **newArgv = argv + 1;
auto stringsEqual = [](const wchar_t * const a, const wchar_t * const b) -> bool {
return ::_wcsicmp(a, b) == 0;
};
auto tryParseOption = [&](const wchar_t* arg) -> bool {
if ( stringsEqual(arg, W("/v")) || stringsEqual(arg, W("-v")) ) {
verbose = true;
return true;
} else if ( stringsEqual(arg, W("/d")) || stringsEqual(arg, W("-d")) ) {
waitForDebugger = true;
return true;
} else if ( stringsEqual(arg, W("/?")) || stringsEqual(arg, W("-?")) ) {
helpRequested = true;
return true;
} else {
return false;
}
};
while (newArgc > 0 && tryParseOption(newArgv[0])) {
newArgc--;
newArgv++;
}
if (argc < 2 || helpRequested || newArgc==0) {
showHelp();
return -1;
} else {
Logger log;
if (verbose) {
log.Enable();
} else {
log.Disable();
}
DWORD exitCode;
auto success = TryRun(newArgc, newArgv, log, verbose, waitForDebugger, exitCode);
log << W("Execution ") << (success ? W("succeeded") : W("failed")) << Logger::endl;
return exitCode;
}
}
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