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<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
<a name="mpi.getting_started"></a>Getting started</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="toc"><dl>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="getting_started.html#mpi.mpi_impl">MPI Implementation</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="getting_started.html#mpi.config">Configure and Build</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="getting_started.html#mpi.installation">Installing and Using Boost.MPI</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="getting_started.html#mpi.testing">Testing Boost.MPI</a></span></dt>
</dl></div>
<p>
Getting started with Boost.MPI requires a working MPI implementation, a recent
version of Boost, and some configuration information.
</p>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="mpi.mpi_impl"></a>MPI Implementation</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
To get started with Boost.MPI, you will first need a working MPI implementation.
There are many conforming <a href="http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/implementations.html" target="_top">MPI
implementations</a> available. Boost.MPI should work with any of the
implementations, although it has only been tested extensively with:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc">
<li class="listitem">
<a href="http://www.open-mpi.org" target="_top">Open MPI 1.0.x</a>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<a href="http://www.lam-mpi.org" target="_top">LAM/MPI 7.x</a>
</li>
<li class="listitem">
<a href="http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/mpich/" target="_top">MPICH 1.2.x</a>
</li>
</ul></div>
<p>
You can test your implementation using the following simple program, which
passes a message from one processor to another. Each processor prints a message
to standard output.
</p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">mpi</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">></span>
<span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">iostream</span><span class="special">></span>
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">main</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">argc</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">char</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">argv</span><span class="special">[])</span>
<span class="special">{</span>
<span class="identifier">MPI_Init</span><span class="special">(&</span><span class="identifier">argc</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">&</span><span class="identifier">argv</span><span class="special">);</span>
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">rank</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="identifier">MPI_Comm_rank</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">MPI_COMM_WORLD</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">&</span><span class="identifier">rank</span><span class="special">);</span>
<span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">rank</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span>
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">17</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">result</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_Send</span><span class="special">(&</span><span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_INT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_COMM_WORLD</span><span class="special">);</span>
<span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">result</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_SUCCESS</span><span class="special">)</span>
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"Rank 0 OK!"</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">rank</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span>
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">result</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_Recv</span><span class="special">(&</span><span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_INT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_COMM_WORLD</span><span class="special">,</span>
<span class="identifier">MPI_STATUS_IGNORE</span><span class="special">);</span>
<span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">result</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_SUCCESS</span> <span class="special">&&</span> <span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">17</span><span class="special">)</span>
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"Rank 1 OK!"</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="special">}</span>
<span class="identifier">MPI_Finalize</span><span class="special">();</span>
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="special">}</span>
</pre>
<p>
You should compile and run this program on two processors. To do this, consult
the documentation for your MPI implementation. With <a href="http://www.lam-mpi.org/" target="_top">LAM/MPI</a>,
for instance, you compile with the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpiCC</span></code>
or <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpic</span><span class="special">++</span></code>
compiler, boot the LAM/MPI daemon, and run your program via <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpirun</span></code>. For instance, if your program is
called <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpi</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">test</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">cpp</span></code>,
use the following commands:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">mpiCC -o mpi-test mpi-test.cpp
lamboot
mpirun -np 2 ./mpi-test
lamhalt
</pre>
<p>
When you run this program, you will see both <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Rank</span>
<span class="number">0</span> <span class="identifier">OK</span><span class="special">!</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Rank</span>
<span class="number">1</span> <span class="identifier">OK</span><span class="special">!</span></code> printed to the screen. However, they may
be printed in any order and may even overlap each other. The following output
is perfectly legitimate for this MPI program:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">Rank Rank 1 OK!
0 OK!
</pre>
<p>
If your output looks something like the above, your MPI implementation appears
to be working with a C++ compiler and we're ready to move on.
</p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="mpi.config"></a>Configure and Build</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
Boost.MPI uses version 2 of the <a href="http://www.boost.org/doc/html/bbv2.html" target="_top">Boost.Build</a>
system for configuring and building the library binary. You will need a very
new version of <a href="http://www.boost.org/tools/build/jam_src/index.html" target="_top">Boost.Jam</a>
(3.1.12 or later). If you already have Boost.Jam, run <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bjam</span>
<span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">v</span></code>
to determine what version you are using.
</p>
<p>
Information about building Boost.Jam is <a href="http://www.boost.org/tools/build/jam_src/index.html#building_bjam" target="_top">available
here</a>. However, most users need only run <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">build</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">sh</span></code> in
the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">tools</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">build</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">jam_src</span></code> subdirectory of Boost. Then, copy
the resulting <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bjam</span></code> executable
some place convenient.
</p>
<p>
For many users using <a href="http://www.lam-mpi.org/" target="_top">LAM/MPI</a>,
<a href="http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/mpich/" target="_top">MPICH</a>, or <a href="http://www.open-mpi.org" target="_top">OpenMPI</a>, configuration is almost automatic.
If you don't already have a file <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">user</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">config</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">jam</span></code> in
your home directory, copy <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">tools</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">build</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">v2</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">user</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">config</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">jam</span></code> there.
For many users, MPI support can be enabled simply by adding the following
line to your user-config.jam file, which is used to configure Boost.Build
version 2.
</p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">mpi</span> <span class="special">;</span>
</pre>
<p>
This should auto-detect MPI settings based on the MPI wrapper compiler in
your path, e.g., <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpic</span><span class="special">++</span></code>.
If the wrapper compiler is not in your path, see below.
</p>
<p>
To actually build the MPI library, go into the top-level Boost directory
and execute the command:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">bjam --with-mpi
</pre>
<p>
If your MPI wrapper compiler has a different name from the default, you can
pass the name of the wrapper compiler as the first argument to the mpi module:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">mpi</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">opt</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">mpich2</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="number">4</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">bin</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">mpiCC</span> <span class="special">;</span>
</pre>
<p>
If your MPI implementation does not have a wrapper compiler, or the MPI auto-detection
code does not work with your MPI's wrapper compiler, you can pass MPI-related
options explicitly via the second parameter to the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpi</span></code>
module:
</p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">mpi</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">find</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">shared</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">library</span><span class="special">></span><span class="identifier">lammpio</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">find</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">shared</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">library</span><span class="special">></span><span class="identifier">lammpi</span><span class="special">++</span>
<span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">find</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">shared</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">library</span><span class="special">></span><span class="identifier">mpi</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">find</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">shared</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">library</span><span class="special">></span><span class="identifier">lam</span>
<span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">find</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">shared</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">library</span><span class="special">></span><span class="identifier">dl</span> <span class="special">;</span>
</pre>
<p>
To see the results of MPI auto-detection, pass <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">--</span><span class="identifier">debug</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">configuration</span></code> on the bjam command line.
</p>
<p>
The (optional) fourth argument configures Boost.MPI for running regression
tests. These parameters specify the executable used to launch jobs (default:
"mpirun") followed by any necessary arguments to this to run tests
and tell the program to expect the number of processors to follow (default:
"-np"). With the default parameters, for instance, the test harness
will execute, e.g.,
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">mpirun -np 4 all_gather_test
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="mpi.installation"></a>Installing and Using Boost.MPI</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
Installation of Boost.MPI can be performed in the build step by specifying
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">install</span></code> on the command line
and (optionally) providing an installation location, e.g.,
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">bjam --with-mpi install
</pre>
<p>
This command will install libraries into a default system location. To change
the path where libraries will be installed, add the option <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">--</span><span class="identifier">prefix</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">PATH</span></code>.
</p>
<p>
To build applications based on Boost.MPI, compile and link them as you normally
would for MPI programs, but remember to link against the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost_mpi</span></code>
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost_serialization</span></code> libraries,
e.g.,
</p>
<pre class="programlisting">mpic++ -I/path/to/boost/mpi my_application.cpp -Llibdir \
-lboost_mpi-gcc-mt-1_35 -lboost_serialization-gcc-d-1_35.a
</pre>
</div>
<p>
If you plan to use the <a class="link" href="python.html" title="Python Bindings">Python bindings</a> for
Boost.MPI in conjunction with the C++ Boost.MPI, you will also need to link
against the boost_mpi_python library, e.g., by adding <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">lboost_mpi_python</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">gcc</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">mt</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="number">1</span><span class="identifier">_35</span></code>
to your link command. This step will only be necessary if you intend to <a class="link" href="python.html#mpi.python_user_data" title="Transmitting User-Defined Data">register C++ types</a> or use the <a class="link" href="python.html#mpi.python_skeleton_content" title="Skeleton/Content Mechanism">skeleton/content
mechanism</a> from within Python.
</p>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="mpi.testing"></a>Testing Boost.MPI</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
If you would like to verify that Boost.MPI is working properly with your
compiler, platform, and MPI implementation, a self-contained test suite is
available. To use this test suite, you will need to first configure Boost.Build
for your MPI environment and then run <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bjam</span></code>
in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">libs</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">mpi</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">test</span></code>
(possibly with some extra options). For <a href="http://www.lam-mpi.org/" target="_top">LAM/MPI</a>,
you will need to run <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">lamboot</span></code>
before running <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bjam</span></code>. For
<a href="http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/mpich/" target="_top">MPICH</a>, you may
need to create a machine file and pass <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">sMPIRUN_FLAGS</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="string">"-machinefile <filename>"</span></code> to
Boost.Jam; see the section on <a class="link" href="getting_started.html#mpi.config" title="Configure and Build">configuration</a>
for more information. If testing succeeds, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bjam</span></code>
will exit without errors.
</p>
</div>
</div>
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<td align="left"></td>
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2005-2007 Douglas Gregor,
Matthias Troyer, Trustees of Indiana University<p>
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">
http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt </a>)
</p>
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