summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/doc/html/mpi/getting_started.html
blob: 5269a69858d1c2066d2ea4f570508c64a7159056 (plain)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII">
<title>Getting started</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../doc/src/boostbook.css" type="text/css">
<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.76.1">
<link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Boost C++ Libraries BoostBook Documentation Subset">
<link rel="up" href="../mpi.html" title="Chapter&#160;17.&#160;Boost.MPI">
<link rel="prev" href="../mpi.html" title="Chapter&#160;17.&#160;Boost.MPI">
<link rel="next" href="tutorial.html" title="Tutorial">
</head>
<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr>
<td valign="top"><img alt="Boost C++ Libraries" width="277" height="86" src="../../../boost.png"></td>
<td align="center"><a href="../../../index.html">Home</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="../../../libs/libraries.htm">Libraries</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="http://www.boost.org/users/people.html">People</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="http://www.boost.org/users/faq.html">FAQ</a></td>
<td align="center"><a href="../../../more/index.htm">More</a></td>
</tr></table>
<hr>
<div class="spirit-nav">
<a accesskey="p" href="../mpi.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../mpi.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="tutorial.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
<a name="mpi.getting_started"></a>Getting started</h2></div></div></div>
<div class="toc"><dl>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="getting_started.html#mpi.mpi_impl">MPI Implementation</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="getting_started.html#mpi.config">Configure and Build</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="getting_started.html#mpi.installation">Installing and Using Boost.MPI</a></span></dt>
<dt><span class="section"><a href="getting_started.html#mpi.testing">Testing Boost.MPI</a></span></dt>
</dl></div>
<p>
      Getting started with Boost.MPI requires a working MPI implementation, a recent
      version of Boost, and some configuration information.
    </p>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="mpi.mpi_impl"></a>MPI Implementation</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
        To get started with Boost.MPI, you will first need a working MPI implementation.
        There are many conforming <a href="http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/implementations.html" target="_top">MPI
        implementations</a> available. Boost.MPI should work with any of the
        implementations, although it has only been tested extensively with:
      </p>
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" type="disc">
<li class="listitem">
            <a href="http://www.open-mpi.org" target="_top">Open MPI 1.0.x</a>
          </li>
<li class="listitem">
            <a href="http://www.lam-mpi.org" target="_top">LAM/MPI 7.x</a>
          </li>
<li class="listitem">
            <a href="http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/mpich/" target="_top">MPICH 1.2.x</a>
          </li>
</ul></div>
<p>
        You can test your implementation using the following simple program, which
        passes a message from one processor to another. Each processor prints a message
        to standard output.
      </p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">mpi</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>
<span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">iostream</span><span class="special">&gt;</span>

<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">main</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">argc</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">char</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">argv</span><span class="special">[])</span>
<span class="special">{</span>
  <span class="identifier">MPI_Init</span><span class="special">(&amp;</span><span class="identifier">argc</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span><span class="identifier">argv</span><span class="special">);</span>

  <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">rank</span><span class="special">;</span>
  <span class="identifier">MPI_Comm_rank</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">MPI_COMM_WORLD</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">&amp;</span><span class="identifier">rank</span><span class="special">);</span>
  <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">rank</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span>
    <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">17</span><span class="special">;</span>
    <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">result</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_Send</span><span class="special">(&amp;</span><span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_INT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_COMM_WORLD</span><span class="special">);</span>
    <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">result</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_SUCCESS</span><span class="special">)</span>
      <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="string">"Rank 0 OK!"</span> <span class="special">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
  <span class="special">}</span> <span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">rank</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span>
    <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">;</span>
    <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">result</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_Recv</span><span class="special">(&amp;</span><span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">1</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_INT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_COMM_WORLD</span><span class="special">,</span>
			  <span class="identifier">MPI_STATUS_IGNORE</span><span class="special">);</span>
    <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">result</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">MPI_SUCCESS</span> <span class="special">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">17</span><span class="special">)</span>
      <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="string">"Rank 1 OK!"</span> <span class="special">&lt;&lt;</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">endl</span><span class="special">;</span>
  <span class="special">}</span>
  <span class="identifier">MPI_Finalize</span><span class="special">();</span>
  <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span>
<span class="special">}</span>
</pre>
<p>
        You should compile and run this program on two processors. To do this, consult
        the documentation for your MPI implementation. With <a href="http://www.lam-mpi.org/" target="_top">LAM/MPI</a>,
        for instance, you compile with the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpiCC</span></code>
        or <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpic</span><span class="special">++</span></code>
        compiler, boot the LAM/MPI daemon, and run your program via <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpirun</span></code>. For instance, if your program is
        called <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpi</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">test</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">cpp</span></code>,
        use the following commands:
      </p>
<pre class="programlisting">mpiCC -o mpi-test mpi-test.cpp
lamboot
mpirun -np 2 ./mpi-test
lamhalt
</pre>
<p>
        When you run this program, you will see both <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Rank</span>
        <span class="number">0</span> <span class="identifier">OK</span><span class="special">!</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Rank</span>
        <span class="number">1</span> <span class="identifier">OK</span><span class="special">!</span></code> printed to the screen. However, they may
        be printed in any order and may even overlap each other. The following output
        is perfectly legitimate for this MPI program:
      </p>
<pre class="programlisting">Rank Rank 1 OK!
0 OK!
</pre>
<p>
        If your output looks something like the above, your MPI implementation appears
        to be working with a C++ compiler and we're ready to move on.
      </p>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="mpi.config"></a>Configure and Build</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
        Boost.MPI uses version 2 of the <a href="http://www.boost.org/doc/html/bbv2.html" target="_top">Boost.Build</a>
        system for configuring and building the library binary. You will need a very
        new version of <a href="http://www.boost.org/tools/build/jam_src/index.html" target="_top">Boost.Jam</a>
        (3.1.12 or later). If you already have Boost.Jam, run <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bjam</span>
        <span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">v</span></code>
        to determine what version you are using.
      </p>
<p>
        Information about building Boost.Jam is <a href="http://www.boost.org/tools/build/jam_src/index.html#building_bjam" target="_top">available
        here</a>. However, most users need only run <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">build</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">sh</span></code> in
        the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">tools</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">build</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">jam_src</span></code> subdirectory of Boost. Then, copy
        the resulting <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bjam</span></code> executable
        some place convenient.
      </p>
<p>
        For many users using <a href="http://www.lam-mpi.org/" target="_top">LAM/MPI</a>,
        <a href="http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/mpich/" target="_top">MPICH</a>, or <a href="http://www.open-mpi.org" target="_top">OpenMPI</a>, configuration is almost automatic.
        If you don't already have a file <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">user</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">config</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">jam</span></code> in
        your home directory, copy <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">tools</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">build</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">v2</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">user</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">config</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">jam</span></code> there.
        For many users, MPI support can be enabled simply by adding the following
        line to your user-config.jam file, which is used to configure Boost.Build
        version 2.
      </p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">mpi</span> <span class="special">;</span>
</pre>
<p>
        This should auto-detect MPI settings based on the MPI wrapper compiler in
        your path, e.g., <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpic</span><span class="special">++</span></code>.
        If the wrapper compiler is not in your path, see below.
      </p>
<p>
        To actually build the MPI library, go into the top-level Boost directory
        and execute the command:
      </p>
<pre class="programlisting">bjam --with-mpi
</pre>
<p>
        If your MPI wrapper compiler has a different name from the default, you can
        pass the name of the wrapper compiler as the first argument to the mpi module:
      </p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">mpi</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">opt</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">mpich2</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="number">4</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">bin</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">mpiCC</span> <span class="special">;</span>
</pre>
<p>
        If your MPI implementation does not have a wrapper compiler, or the MPI auto-detection
        code does not work with your MPI's wrapper compiler, you can pass MPI-related
        options explicitly via the second parameter to the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">mpi</span></code>
        module:
      </p>
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">mpi</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">find</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">shared</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">library</span><span class="special">&gt;</span><span class="identifier">lammpio</span> <span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">find</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">shared</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">library</span><span class="special">&gt;</span><span class="identifier">lammpi</span><span class="special">++</span>
              <span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">find</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">shared</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">library</span><span class="special">&gt;</span><span class="identifier">mpi</span> <span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">find</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">shared</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">library</span><span class="special">&gt;</span><span class="identifier">lam</span>
              <span class="special">&lt;</span><span class="identifier">find</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">shared</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">library</span><span class="special">&gt;</span><span class="identifier">dl</span> <span class="special">;</span>
</pre>
<p>
        To see the results of MPI auto-detection, pass <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">--</span><span class="identifier">debug</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">configuration</span></code> on the bjam command line.
      </p>
<p>
        The (optional) fourth argument configures Boost.MPI for running regression
        tests. These parameters specify the executable used to launch jobs (default:
        "mpirun") followed by any necessary arguments to this to run tests
        and tell the program to expect the number of processors to follow (default:
        "-np"). With the default parameters, for instance, the test harness
        will execute, e.g.,
      </p>
<pre class="programlisting">mpirun -np 4 all_gather_test
</pre>
</div>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="mpi.installation"></a>Installing and Using Boost.MPI</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
        Installation of Boost.MPI can be performed in the build step by specifying
        <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">install</span></code> on the command line
        and (optionally) providing an installation location, e.g.,
      </p>
<pre class="programlisting">bjam --with-mpi install
</pre>
<p>
        This command will install libraries into a default system location. To change
        the path where libraries will be installed, add the option <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">--</span><span class="identifier">prefix</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">PATH</span></code>.
      </p>
<p>
        To build applications based on Boost.MPI, compile and link them as you normally
        would for MPI programs, but remember to link against the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost_mpi</span></code>
        and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost_serialization</span></code> libraries,
        e.g.,
      </p>
<pre class="programlisting">mpic++ -I/path/to/boost/mpi my_application.cpp -Llibdir \
  -lboost_mpi-gcc-mt-1_35 -lboost_serialization-gcc-d-1_35.a
</pre>
</div>
<p>
      If you plan to use the <a class="link" href="python.html" title="Python Bindings">Python bindings</a> for
      Boost.MPI in conjunction with the C++ Boost.MPI, you will also need to link
      against the boost_mpi_python library, e.g., by adding <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">lboost_mpi_python</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">gcc</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">mt</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="number">1</span><span class="identifier">_35</span></code>
      to your link command. This step will only be necessary if you intend to <a class="link" href="python.html#mpi.python_user_data" title="Transmitting User-Defined Data">register C++ types</a> or use the <a class="link" href="python.html#mpi.python_skeleton_content" title="Skeleton/Content Mechanism">skeleton/content
      mechanism</a> from within Python.
    </p>
<div class="section">
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
<a name="mpi.testing"></a>Testing Boost.MPI</h3></div></div></div>
<p>
        If you would like to verify that Boost.MPI is working properly with your
        compiler, platform, and MPI implementation, a self-contained test suite is
        available. To use this test suite, you will need to first configure Boost.Build
        for your MPI environment and then run <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bjam</span></code>
        in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">libs</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">mpi</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">test</span></code>
        (possibly with some extra options). For <a href="http://www.lam-mpi.org/" target="_top">LAM/MPI</a>,
        you will need to run <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">lamboot</span></code>
        before running <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bjam</span></code>. For
        <a href="http://www-unix.mcs.anl.gov/mpi/mpich/" target="_top">MPICH</a>, you may
        need to create a machine file and pass <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">sMPIRUN_FLAGS</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="string">"-machinefile &lt;filename&gt;"</span></code> to
        Boost.Jam; see the section on <a class="link" href="getting_started.html#mpi.config" title="Configure and Build">configuration</a>
        for more information. If testing succeeds, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bjam</span></code>
        will exit without errors.
      </p>
</div>
</div>
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
<td align="left"></td>
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright &#169; 2005-2007 Douglas Gregor,
      Matthias Troyer, Trustees of Indiana University<p>
        Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
        file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">
        http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt </a>)
      </p>
</div></td>
</tr></table>
<hr>
<div class="spirit-nav">
<a accesskey="p" href="../mpi.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../mpi.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="tutorial.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a>
</div>
</body>
</html>