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diff --git a/doc/html/poly_collection/performance.html b/doc/html/poly_collection/performance.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..e856d41083 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/html/poly_collection/performance.html @@ -0,0 +1,735 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> +<html> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII"> +<title>Performance</title> +<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../../doc/src/boostbook.css" type="text/css"> +<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"> +<link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="The Boost C++ Libraries BoostBook Documentation Subset"> +<link rel="up" href="../poly_collection.html" title="Chapter 27. Boost.PolyCollection"> +<link rel="prev" href="tutorial.html" title="Tutorial"> +<link rel="next" href="reference.html" title="Reference"> +</head> +<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"> +<table cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr> +<td valign="top"><img alt="Boost C++ Libraries" width="277" height="86" src="../../../boost.png"></td> +<td align="center"><a href="../../../index.html">Home</a></td> +<td align="center"><a href="../../../libs/libraries.htm">Libraries</a></td> +<td align="center"><a href="http://www.boost.org/users/people.html">People</a></td> +<td align="center"><a href="http://www.boost.org/users/faq.html">FAQ</a></td> +<td align="center"><a href="../../../more/index.htm">More</a></td> +</tr></table> +<hr> +<div class="spirit-nav"> +<a accesskey="p" href="tutorial.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../poly_collection.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="reference.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html" title="Performance">Performance</a> +</h2></div></div></div> +<div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.container_definitions">Container + definitions</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests">Insertion + tests</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests">Processing + tests</a></span></dt> +</dl></div> +<p> + (Testing program at <a href="../../../libs/poly_collection/example/perf.cpp" target="_top"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">perf</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">cpp</span></code></a>.) + </p> +<p> + We ran tests to measure the performance of the containers of Boost.PolyCollection + in two scenarios: + </p> +<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "> +<li class="listitem"> + Insertion of elements. + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + Linear traversal and processing with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">for_each</span></code> + and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">poly_collection</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">for_each</span></code> (with and without <a class="link" href="tutorial.html#poly_collection.tutorial.algorithms.type_restitution" title="Type restitution">type + restitution</a>). + </li> +</ul></div> +<p> + As a comparison baseline we used containers and facilities from the standard + library and Boost (details below). Tests were run in the following environments: + </p> +<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "> +<li class="listitem"> + <span class="bold"><strong>Visual Studio 2015 x86</strong></span>: Visual C++ 2015 + in 32-bit (x86) release mode, Windows 7 64-bit, Intel Core i5-2520M @2.5GHz + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + <span class="bold"><strong>Visual Studio 2015 x64</strong></span>: Visual C++ 2015 + in 64-bit (x64) release mode, same machine + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + <span class="bold"><strong>GCC 6.3 x64</strong></span>: GCC 6.3 release mode, Xubuntu + 17.04 x64, Intel Core i7-5820 @3.3GHz + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + <span class="bold"><strong>Clang 4.0 x64</strong></span>: Clang 4.0 release mode, + same machine + </li> +</ul></div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.container_definitions"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.container_definitions" title="Container definitions">Container + definitions</a> +</h3></div></div></div> +<div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.container_definitions.boost_base_collection"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">base_collection</span></code></a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.container_definitions.boost_function_collection"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">function_collection</span></code></a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.container_definitions.boost_any_collection"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">any_collection</span></code></a></span></dt> +</dl></div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.container_definitions.boost_base_collection"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.container_definitions.boost_base_collection" title="boost::base_collection"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">base_collection</span></code></a> +</h4></div></div></div> +<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "> +<li class="listitem"> + Baseline container: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">ptr_vector</span></code> + = <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ptr_vector</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">base</span><span class="special">></span></code> + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + Polymorphic collection: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">base_collection</span></code> + = <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">base_collection</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">base</span><span class="special">></span></code> + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + Element types: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T1</span></code> = + <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">derived1</span></code>, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T2</span></code> = <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">derived2</span></code>, + <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T3</span></code> = <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">derived3</span></code> + </li> +</ul></div> +<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">base</span> +<span class="special">{</span> + <span class="keyword">virtual</span> <span class="special">~</span><span class="identifier">base</span><span class="special">()=</span><span class="keyword">default</span><span class="special">;</span> + <span class="keyword">virtual</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()(</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">)</span><span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span> +<span class="special">};</span> + +<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">derived1</span> <span class="identifier">final</span><span class="special">:</span><span class="identifier">base</span> +<span class="special">{</span> + <span class="identifier">derived1</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">):</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">}{}</span> + <span class="keyword">virtual</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()(</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">)</span><span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">;}</span> + + <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">;</span> +<span class="special">};</span> + +<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">derived2</span> <span class="identifier">final</span><span class="special">:</span><span class="identifier">base</span> +<span class="special">{</span> + <span class="identifier">derived2</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">):</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">}{}</span> + <span class="keyword">virtual</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">)</span><span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">*</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">;}</span> + + <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">unused</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">;</span> +<span class="special">};</span> + +<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">derived3</span> <span class="identifier">final</span><span class="special">:</span><span class="identifier">base</span> +<span class="special">{</span> + <span class="identifier">derived3</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">):</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">}{}</span> + <span class="keyword">virtual</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">)</span><span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">*</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">*</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">;}</span> + + <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">unused</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">;</span> +<span class="special">};</span> +</pre> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.container_definitions.boost_function_collection"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.container_definitions.boost_function_collection" title="boost::function_collection"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">function_collection</span></code></a> +</h4></div></div></div> +<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "> +<li class="listitem"> + Baseline container: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">func_vector</span></code> + = <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">vector</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">function</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">)>></span></code> + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + Polymorphic collection: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">function_collection</span></code> + = <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">function_collection</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">)></span></code> + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + Element types: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T1</span></code> = + <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">concrete1</span></code>, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T2</span></code> = <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">concrete2</span></code>, + <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T3</span></code> = <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">concrete3</span></code> + </li> +</ul></div> +<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">concrete1</span> +<span class="special">{</span> + <span class="identifier">concrete1</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">):</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">}{}</span> + <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()(</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">)</span><span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">;}</span> + + <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">;</span> +<span class="special">};</span> + +<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">concrete2</span> +<span class="special">{</span> + <span class="identifier">concrete2</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">):</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">}{}</span> + <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">)</span><span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">*</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">;}</span> + + <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">unused</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">;</span> +<span class="special">};</span> + +<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">concrete3</span> +<span class="special">{</span> + <span class="identifier">concrete3</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">):</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">}{}</span> + <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()(</span><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">)</span><span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">*</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">*</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">;}</span> + + <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">unused</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">;</span> +<span class="special">};</span> +</pre> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.container_definitions.boost_any_collection"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.container_definitions.boost_any_collection" title="boost::any_collection"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">any_collection</span></code></a> +</h4></div></div></div> +<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "> +<li class="listitem"> + Baseline container: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">any_vector</span></code> + = <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">vector</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">type_erasure</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">any</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">concept_</span><span class="special">>></span></code> + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + Polymorphic collection: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">any_collection</span></code> + = <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">any_collection</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">concept_</span><span class="special">></span></code> + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + Element types: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T1</span></code> = + <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">int</span></code>, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T2</span></code> + = <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">double</span></code>, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T3</span></code> = <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">char</span></code> + </li> +</ul></div> +<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">concept_</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">vector</span><span class="special"><</span> + <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">type_erasure</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">copy_constructible</span><span class="special"><>,</span> + <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">type_erasure</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">relaxed</span><span class="special">,</span> + <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">type_erasure</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">typeid_</span><span class="special"><>,</span> + <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">type_erasure</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">incrementable</span><span class="special"><></span> +<span class="special">>;</span> +</pre> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests" title="Insertion tests">Insertion + tests</a> +</h3></div></div></div> +<div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio">Results + for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">base_collection</span></code></a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle">Results + for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">function_collection</span></code></a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection">Results + for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">any_collection</span></code></a></span></dt> +</dl></div> +<p> + Tests measure the time taken to insert <span class="emphasis"><em>n</em></span> elements (<span class="emphasis"><em>n</em></span> + between 10<sup>2</sup> and 10<sup>7</sup>) from a source of values with types following the cyclic + sequence + </p> +<p> + <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T1</span></code> <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T1</span></code> + <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T2</span></code> <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T2</span></code> + <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T3</span></code> <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T1</span></code> + <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T1</span></code> <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T2</span></code> + <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T2</span></code> <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T3</span></code> + ··· + </p> +<p> + No <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">reserve</span></code> operation is done + before insertion. The figures show resulting times in nanoseconds/element. + The horizontal axis is logarithmic. + </p> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio" title="Results for boost::base_collection">Results + for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">base_collection</span></code></a> +</h4></div></div></div> +<div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment">Visual + Studio 2015 x86</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment0">Visual + Studio 2015 x64</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment1">GCC + 6.3 x64</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment2">Clang + 4.0 x64</a></span></dt> +</dl></div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment" title="Visual Studio 2015 x86">Visual + Studio 2015 x86</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/insert_base_vs2015_x86.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Insertion, Visual Studio + 2015 x86</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment0"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment0" title="Visual Studio 2015 x64">Visual + Studio 2015 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/insert_base_vs2015_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Insertion, Visual Studio + 2015 x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment1"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment1" title="GCC 6.3 x64">GCC + 6.3 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/insert_base_gcc63_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Insertion, GCC 6.3 x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment2"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment2" title="Clang 4.0 x64">Clang + 4.0 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/insert_base_clang40_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Insertion, Clang 4.0 + x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle" title="Results for boost::function_collection">Results + for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">function_collection</span></code></a> +</h4></div></div></div> +<div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment">Visual + Studio 2015 x86</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment0">Visual + Studio 2015 x64</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment1">GCC + 6.3 x64</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment2">Clang + 4.0 x64</a></span></dt> +</dl></div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment" title="Visual Studio 2015 x86">Visual + Studio 2015 x86</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/insert_function_vs2015_x86.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Insertion, Visual Studio + 2015 x86</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment0"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment0" title="Visual Studio 2015 x64">Visual + Studio 2015 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/insert_function_vs2015_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Insertion, Visual Studio + 2015 x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment1"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment1" title="GCC 6.3 x64">GCC + 6.3 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/insert_function_gcc63_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Insertion, GCC 6.3 x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment2"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment2" title="Clang 4.0 x64">Clang + 4.0 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/insert_function_clang40_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Insertion, Clang 4.0 + x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection" title="Results for boost::any_collection">Results + for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">any_collection</span></code></a> +</h4></div></div></div> +<div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment">Visual + Studio 2015 x86</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment0">Visual + Studio 2015 x64</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment1">GCC + 6.3 x64</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment2">Clang + 4.0 x64</a></span></dt> +</dl></div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment" title="Visual Studio 2015 x86">Visual + Studio 2015 x86</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/insert_any_vs2015_x86.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Insertion, Visual Studio + 2015 x86</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment0"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment0" title="Visual Studio 2015 x64">Visual + Studio 2015 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/insert_any_vs2015_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Insertion, Visual Studio + 2015 x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment1"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment1" title="GCC 6.3 x64">GCC + 6.3 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/insert_any_gcc63_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Insertion, GCC 6.3 x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment2"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment2" title="Clang 4.0 x64">Clang + 4.0 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/insert_any_clang40_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Insertion, Clang 4.0 + x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests" title="Processing tests">Processing + tests</a> +</h3></div></div></div> +<div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio">Results + for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">base_collection</span></code></a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle">Results + for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">function_collection</span></code></a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection">Results + for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">any_collection</span></code></a></span></dt> +</dl></div> +<p> + Tests measure the time taken to traverse a container of size <span class="emphasis"><em>n</em></span> + (<span class="emphasis"><em>n</em></span> between 10<sup>2</sup> and 10<sup>7</sup>) and execute an operation on each + of its elements. The operation for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">base_collection</span></code> + and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">function_collection</span></code> (and the associated + baseline containers) is defined as + </p> +<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">for_each_callable</span> +<span class="special">{</span> + <span class="identifier">for_each_callable</span><span class="special">():</span><span class="identifier">res</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">}{}</span> + + <span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> + <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">){</span> + <span class="identifier">res</span><span class="special">+=</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="number">2</span><span class="special">);</span> + <span class="special">}</span> + + <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">res</span><span class="special">;</span> +<span class="special">};</span> +</pre> +<p> + whereas for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">any_collection</span></code> we use + </p> +<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">for_each_incrementable</span> +<span class="special">{</span> + <span class="identifier">for_each_incrementable</span><span class="special">():</span><span class="identifier">res</span><span class="special">{</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">}{}</span> + + <span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> + <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">){</span> + <span class="special">++</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">;</span> + <span class="special">++</span><span class="identifier">res</span><span class="special">;</span> + <span class="special">}</span> + + <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">res</span><span class="special">;</span> +<span class="special">};</span> +</pre> +<p> + The baseline container is tested with three different setups: + </p> +<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "> +<li class="listitem"> + Directly as initialized by the process described for the <a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.insertion_tests" title="Insertion tests">insertion + tests</a>. The sequence of types is complex enough that CPU's branch + prediction mechanisms are not able to fully anticipate it <a href="#ftn.poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.f0" class="footnote" name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.f0"><sup class="footnote">[15]</sup></a>. As elements are ordered according to their construction + time, certain degree of memory contiguity is expected. + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + With an extra post-insertion stage by which elements are sorted according + to their <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">typeid</span><span class="special">()</span></code>. + This increases branch prediction efficiency at the expense of having + worse cache friendliness. + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + With an extra post-insertion stage that randomly shuffles all the elements + in the container. This is the worst possible scenario both in terms of + caching and branch prediction. + </li> +</ul></div> +<p> + As for the polymorphic collection, three variations are measured: + </p> +<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "> +<li class="listitem"> + With <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">for_each</span></code> (the same as the baseline + container). + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + Using <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">poly_collection</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">for_each</span></code>. + </li> +<li class="listitem"> + Using <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">poly_collection</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">for_each</span></code> with <a class="link" href="tutorial.html#poly_collection.tutorial.algorithms.type_restitution" title="Type restitution"><span class="emphasis"><em>type + restitution</em></span></a> of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T1</span></code>, + <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T2</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T3</span></code>. + </li> +</ul></div> +<p> + The figures show resulting times in nanoseconds/element. The horizontal axis + is logarithmic. + </p> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio" title="Results for boost::base_collection">Results + for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">base_collection</span></code></a> +</h4></div></div></div> +<div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment">Visual + Studio 2015 x86</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment0">Visual + Studio 2015 x64</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment1">GCC + 6.3 x64</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment2">Clang + 4.0 x64</a></span></dt> +</dl></div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment" title="Visual Studio 2015 x86">Visual + Studio 2015 x86</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/for_each_base_vs2015_x86.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Processing, Visual Studio + 2015 x86</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment0"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment0" title="Visual Studio 2015 x64">Visual + Studio 2015 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/for_each_base_vs2015_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Processing, Visual Studio + 2015 x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment1"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment1" title="GCC 6.3 x64">GCC + 6.3 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/for_each_base_gcc63_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Processing, GCC 6.3 + x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment2"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_base_collectio.environment2" title="Clang 4.0 x64">Clang + 4.0 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/for_each_base_clang40_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Processing, Clang 4.0 + x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle" title="Results for boost::function_collection">Results + for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">function_collection</span></code></a> +</h4></div></div></div> +<div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment">Visual + Studio 2015 x86</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment0">Visual + Studio 2015 x64</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment1">GCC + 6.3 x64</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment2">Clang + 4.0 x64</a></span></dt> +</dl></div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment" title="Visual Studio 2015 x86">Visual + Studio 2015 x86</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/for_each_function_vs2015_x86.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Processing, Visual Studio + 2015 x86</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment0"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment0" title="Visual Studio 2015 x64">Visual + Studio 2015 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/for_each_function_vs2015_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Processing, Visual Studio + 2015 x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment1"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment1" title="GCC 6.3 x64">GCC + 6.3 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/for_each_function_gcc63_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Processing, GCC 6.3 + x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment2"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_function_colle.environment2" title="Clang 4.0 x64">Clang + 4.0 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/for_each_function_clang40_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Processing, Clang 4.0 + x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection" title="Results for boost::any_collection">Results + for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">any_collection</span></code></a> +</h4></div></div></div> +<div class="toc"><dl class="toc"> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment">Visual + Studio 2015 x86</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment0">Visual + Studio 2015 x64</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment1">GCC + 6.3 x64</a></span></dt> +<dt><span class="section"><a href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment2">Clang + 4.0 x64</a></span></dt> +</dl></div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment" title="Visual Studio 2015 x86">Visual + Studio 2015 x86</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/for_each_any_vs2015_x86.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Processing, Visual Studio + 2015 x86</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment0"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment0" title="Visual Studio 2015 x64">Visual + Studio 2015 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/for_each_any_vs2015_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Processing, Visual Studio + 2015 x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment1"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment1" title="GCC 6.3 x64">GCC + 6.3 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/for_each_any_gcc63_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Processing, GCC 6.3 + x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +<div class="section"> +<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"> +<a name="poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment2"></a><a class="link" href="performance.html#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.results_for_boost_any_collection.environment2" title="Clang 4.0 x64">Clang + 4.0 x64</a> +</h5></div></div></div> +<p> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="img/for_each_any_clang40_x64.png"></span> +</span> + <span class="aligncenter"><span class="bold"><strong>Processing, Clang 4.0 + x64</strong></span></span> + </p> +</div> +</div> +</div> +<div class="footnotes"> +<br><hr style="width:100; text-align:left;margin-left: 0"> +<div id="ftn.poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.f0" class="footnote"><p><a href="#poly_collection.performance.processing_tests.f0" class="para"><sup class="para">[15] </sup></a> + This has been verified empirically: simpler cycles did indeed yield + better execution times. + </p></div> +</div> +</div> +<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr> +<td align="left"></td> +<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2016, 2017 Joaquín M López Muñoz<p> + Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying + file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>) + </p> +</div></td> +</tr></table> +<hr> +<div class="spirit-nav"> +<a accesskey="p" href="tutorial.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../poly_collection.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="reference.html"><img src="../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a> +</div> +</body> +</html> |