[PATCH] inotify

inotify is intended to correct the deficiencies of dnotify, particularly
its inability to scale and its terrible user interface:

        * dnotify requires the opening of one fd per each directory
          that you intend to watch. This quickly results in too many
          open files and pins removable media, preventing unmount.
        * dnotify is directory-based. You only learn about changes to
          directories. Sure, a change to a file in a directory affects
          the directory, but you are then forced to keep a cache of
          stat structures.
        * dnotify's interface to user-space is awful.  Signals?

inotify provides a more usable, simple, powerful solution to file change
notification:

        * inotify's interface is a system call that returns a fd, not SIGIO.
	  You get a single fd, which is select()-able.
        * inotify has an event that says "the filesystem that the item
          you were watching is on was unmounted."
        * inotify can watch directories or files.

Inotify is currently used by Beagle (a desktop search infrastructure),
Gamin (a FAM replacement), and other projects.

See Documentation/filesystems/inotify.txt.

Signed-off-by: Robert Love <rml@novell.com>
Cc: John McCutchan <ttb@tentacle.dhs.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>

1 files changed, 999 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/fs/inotify.c b/fs/inotify.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e423bfe0c86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/inotify.c
@@ -0,0 +1,999 @@
+/*
+ * fs/inotify.c - inode-based file event notifications
+ *
+ * Authors:
+ *	John McCutchan	<ttb@tentacle.dhs.org>
+ *	Robert Love	<rml@novell.com>
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2005 John McCutchan
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
+ * under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the
+ * Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option) any
+ * later version.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/spinlock.h>
+#include <linux/idr.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/poll.h>
+#include <linux/device.h>
+#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#include <linux/inotify.h>
+
+#include <asm/ioctls.h>
+
+static atomic_t inotify_cookie;
+
+static kmem_cache_t *watch_cachep;
+static kmem_cache_t *event_cachep;
+
+static struct vfsmount *inotify_mnt;
+
+/* These are configurable via /proc/sys/inotify */
+int inotify_max_user_devices;
+int inotify_max_user_watches;
+int inotify_max_queued_events;
+
+/*
+ * Lock ordering:
+ *
+ * dentry->d_lock (used to keep d_move() away from dentry->d_parent)
+ * iprune_sem (synchronize shrink_icache_memory())
+ * 	inode_lock (protects the super_block->s_inodes list)
+ * 	inode->inotify_sem (protects inode->inotify_watches and watches->i_list)
+ * 		inotify_dev->sem (protects inotify_device and watches->d_list)
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Lifetimes of the three main data structures--inotify_device, inode, and
+ * inotify_watch--are managed by reference count.
+ *
+ * inotify_device: Lifetime is from open until release.  Additional references
+ * can bump the count via get_inotify_dev() and drop the count via
+ * put_inotify_dev().
+ *
+ * inotify_watch: Lifetime is from create_watch() to destory_watch().
+ * Additional references can bump the count via get_inotify_watch() and drop
+ * the count via put_inotify_watch().
+ *
+ * inode: Pinned so long as the inode is associated with a watch, from
+ * create_watch() to put_inotify_watch().
+ */
+
+/*
+ * struct inotify_device - represents an open instance of an inotify device
+ *
+ * This structure is protected by the semaphore 'sem'.
+ */
+struct inotify_device {
+	wait_queue_head_t 	wq;		/* wait queue for i/o */
+	struct idr		idr;		/* idr mapping wd -> watch */
+	struct semaphore	sem;		/* protects this bad boy */
+	struct list_head 	events;		/* list of queued events */
+	struct list_head	watches;	/* list of watches */
+	atomic_t		count;		/* reference count */
+	struct user_struct	*user;		/* user who opened this dev */
+	unsigned int		queue_size;	/* size of the queue (bytes) */
+	unsigned int		event_count;	/* number of pending events */
+	unsigned int		max_events;	/* maximum number of events */
+};
+
+/*
+ * struct inotify_kernel_event - An inotify event, originating from a watch and
+ * queued for user-space.  A list of these is attached to each instance of the
+ * device.  In read(), this list is walked and all events that can fit in the
+ * buffer are returned.
+ *
+ * Protected by dev->sem of the device in which we are queued.
+ */
+struct inotify_kernel_event {
+	struct inotify_event	event;	/* the user-space event */
+	struct list_head        list;	/* entry in inotify_device's list */
+	char			*name;	/* filename, if any */
+};
+
+/*
+ * struct inotify_watch - represents a watch request on a specific inode
+ *
+ * d_list is protected by dev->sem of the associated watch->dev.
+ * i_list and mask are protected by inode->inotify_sem of the associated inode.
+ * dev, inode, and wd are never written to once the watch is created.
+ */
+struct inotify_watch {
+	struct list_head	d_list;	/* entry in inotify_device's list */
+	struct list_head	i_list;	/* entry in inode's list */
+	atomic_t		count;	/* reference count */
+	struct inotify_device	*dev;	/* associated device */
+	struct inode		*inode;	/* associated inode */
+	s32 			wd;	/* watch descriptor */
+	u32			mask;	/* event mask for this watch */
+};
+
+static inline void get_inotify_dev(struct inotify_device *dev)
+{
+	atomic_inc(&dev->count);
+}
+
+static inline void put_inotify_dev(struct inotify_device *dev)
+{
+	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&dev->count)) {
+		atomic_dec(&dev->user->inotify_devs);
+		free_uid(dev->user);
+		kfree(dev);
+	}
+}
+
+static inline void get_inotify_watch(struct inotify_watch *watch)
+{
+	atomic_inc(&watch->count);
+}
+
+/*
+ * put_inotify_watch - decrements the ref count on a given watch.  cleans up
+ * the watch and its references if the count reaches zero.
+ */
+static inline void put_inotify_watch(struct inotify_watch *watch)
+{
+	if (atomic_dec_and_test(&watch->count)) {
+		put_inotify_dev(watch->dev);
+		iput(watch->inode);
+		kmem_cache_free(watch_cachep, watch);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * kernel_event - create a new kernel event with the given parameters
+ *
+ * This function can sleep.
+ */
+static struct inotify_kernel_event * kernel_event(s32 wd, u32 mask, u32 cookie,
+						  const char *name)
+{
+	struct inotify_kernel_event *kevent;
+
+	kevent = kmem_cache_alloc(event_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (unlikely(!kevent))
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* we hand this out to user-space, so zero it just in case */
+	memset(&kevent->event, 0, sizeof(struct inotify_event));
+
+	kevent->event.wd = wd;
+	kevent->event.mask = mask;
+	kevent->event.cookie = cookie;
+
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&kevent->list);
+
+	if (name) {
+		size_t len, rem, event_size = sizeof(struct inotify_event);
+
+		/*
+		 * We need to pad the filename so as to properly align an
+		 * array of inotify_event structures.  Because the structure is
+		 * small and the common case is a small filename, we just round
+		 * up to the next multiple of the structure's sizeof.  This is
+		 * simple and safe for all architectures.
+		 */
+		len = strlen(name) + 1;
+		rem = event_size - len;
+		if (len > event_size) {
+			rem = event_size - (len % event_size);
+			if (len % event_size == 0)
+				rem = 0;
+		}
+
+		kevent->name = kmalloc(len + rem, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (unlikely(!kevent->name)) {
+			kmem_cache_free(event_cachep, kevent);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		memcpy(kevent->name, name, len);
+		if (rem)
+			memset(kevent->name + len, 0, rem);		
+		kevent->event.len = len + rem;
+	} else {
+		kevent->event.len = 0;
+		kevent->name = NULL;
+	}
+
+	return kevent;
+}
+
+/*
+ * inotify_dev_get_event - return the next event in the given dev's queue
+ *
+ * Caller must hold dev->sem.
+ */
+static inline struct inotify_kernel_event *
+inotify_dev_get_event(struct inotify_device *dev)
+{
+	return list_entry(dev->events.next, struct inotify_kernel_event, list);
+}
+
+/*
+ * inotify_dev_queue_event - add a new event to the given device
+ *
+ * Caller must hold dev->sem.  Can sleep (calls kernel_event()).
+ */
+static void inotify_dev_queue_event(struct inotify_device *dev,
+				    struct inotify_watch *watch, u32 mask,
+				    u32 cookie, const char *name)
+{
+	struct inotify_kernel_event *kevent, *last;
+
+	/* coalescing: drop this event if it is a dupe of the previous */
+	last = inotify_dev_get_event(dev);
+	if (last && last->event.mask == mask && last->event.wd == watch->wd &&
+			last->event.cookie == cookie) {
+		const char *lastname = last->name;
+
+		if (!name && !lastname)
+			return;
+		if (name && lastname && !strcmp(lastname, name))
+			return;
+	}
+
+	/* the queue overflowed and we already sent the Q_OVERFLOW event */
+	if (unlikely(dev->event_count > dev->max_events))
+		return;
+
+	/* if the queue overflows, we need to notify user space */
+	if (unlikely(dev->event_count == dev->max_events))
+		kevent = kernel_event(-1, IN_Q_OVERFLOW, cookie, NULL);
+	else
+		kevent = kernel_event(watch->wd, mask, cookie, name);
+
+	if (unlikely(!kevent))
+		return;
+
+	/* queue the event and wake up anyone waiting */
+	dev->event_count++;
+	dev->queue_size += sizeof(struct inotify_event) + kevent->event.len;
+	list_add_tail(&kevent->list, &dev->events);
+	wake_up_interruptible(&dev->wq);
+}
+
+/*
+ * remove_kevent - cleans up and ultimately frees the given kevent
+ *
+ * Caller must hold dev->sem.
+ */
+static void remove_kevent(struct inotify_device *dev,
+			  struct inotify_kernel_event *kevent)
+{
+	list_del(&kevent->list);
+
+	dev->event_count--;
+	dev->queue_size -= sizeof(struct inotify_event) + kevent->event.len;
+
+	kfree(kevent->name);
+	kmem_cache_free(event_cachep, kevent);
+}
+
+/*
+ * inotify_dev_event_dequeue - destroy an event on the given device
+ *
+ * Caller must hold dev->sem.
+ */
+static void inotify_dev_event_dequeue(struct inotify_device *dev)
+{
+	if (!list_empty(&dev->events)) {
+		struct inotify_kernel_event *kevent;
+		kevent = inotify_dev_get_event(dev);
+		remove_kevent(dev, kevent);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * inotify_dev_get_wd - returns the next WD for use by the given dev
+ *
+ * Callers must hold dev->sem.  This function can sleep.
+ */
+static int inotify_dev_get_wd(struct inotify_device *dev,
+			      struct inotify_watch *watch)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	do {
+		if (unlikely(!idr_pre_get(&dev->idr, GFP_KERNEL)))
+			return -ENOSPC;
+		ret = idr_get_new(&dev->idr, watch, &watch->wd);
+	} while (ret == -EAGAIN);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * find_inode - resolve a user-given path to a specific inode and return a nd
+ */
+static int find_inode(const char __user *dirname, struct nameidata *nd)
+{
+	int error;
+
+	error = __user_walk(dirname, LOOKUP_FOLLOW, nd);
+	if (error)
+		return error;
+	/* you can only watch an inode if you have read permissions on it */
+	error = permission(nd->dentry->d_inode, MAY_READ, NULL);
+	if (error) 
+		path_release (nd);
+	return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * create_watch - creates a watch on the given device.
+ *
+ * Callers must hold dev->sem.  Calls inotify_dev_get_wd() so may sleep.
+ * Both 'dev' and 'inode' (by way of nameidata) need to be pinned.
+ */
+static struct inotify_watch *create_watch(struct inotify_device *dev,
+					  u32 mask, struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct inotify_watch *watch;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (atomic_read(&dev->user->inotify_watches) >= inotify_max_user_watches)
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOSPC);
+
+	watch = kmem_cache_alloc(watch_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (unlikely(!watch))
+		return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+	ret = inotify_dev_get_wd(dev, watch);
+	if (unlikely(ret)) {
+		kmem_cache_free(watch_cachep, watch);
+		return ERR_PTR(ret);
+	}
+
+	watch->mask = mask;
+	atomic_set(&watch->count, 0);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&watch->d_list);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&watch->i_list);
+
+	/* save a reference to device and bump the count to make it official */
+	get_inotify_dev(dev);
+	watch->dev = dev;
+
+	/*
+	 * Save a reference to the inode and bump the ref count to make it
+	 * official.  We hold a reference to nameidata, which makes this safe.
+	 */
+	watch->inode = igrab(inode);
+
+	/* bump our own count, corresponding to our entry in dev->watches */
+	get_inotify_watch(watch);
+
+	atomic_inc(&dev->user->inotify_watches);
+
+	return watch;
+}
+
+/*
+ * inotify_find_dev - find the watch associated with the given inode and dev
+ *
+ * Callers must hold inode->inotify_sem.
+ */
+static struct inotify_watch *inode_find_dev(struct inode *inode,
+					    struct inotify_device *dev)
+{
+	struct inotify_watch *watch;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(watch, &inode->inotify_watches, i_list) {
+		if (watch->dev == dev)
+			return watch;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * remove_watch_no_event - remove_watch() without the IN_IGNORED event.
+ */
+static void remove_watch_no_event(struct inotify_watch *watch,
+				  struct inotify_device *dev)
+{
+	list_del(&watch->i_list);
+	list_del(&watch->d_list);
+
+	atomic_dec(&dev->user->inotify_watches);
+	idr_remove(&dev->idr, watch->wd);
+	put_inotify_watch(watch);
+}
+
+/*
+ * remove_watch - Remove a watch from both the device and the inode.  Sends
+ * the IN_IGNORED event to the given device signifying that the inode is no
+ * longer watched.
+ *
+ * Callers must hold both inode->inotify_sem and dev->sem.  We drop a
+ * reference to the inode before returning.
+ *
+ * The inode is not iput() so as to remain atomic.  If the inode needs to be
+ * iput(), the call returns one.  Otherwise, it returns zero.
+ */
+static void remove_watch(struct inotify_watch *watch,struct inotify_device *dev)
+{
+	inotify_dev_queue_event(dev, watch, IN_IGNORED, 0, NULL);
+	remove_watch_no_event(watch, dev);
+}
+
+/*
+ * inotify_inode_watched - returns nonzero if there are watches on this inode
+ * and zero otherwise.  We call this lockless, we do not care if we race.
+ */
+static inline int inotify_inode_watched(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	return !list_empty(&inode->inotify_watches);
+}
+
+/* Kernel API */
+
+/**
+ * inotify_inode_queue_event - queue an event to all watches on this inode
+ * @inode: inode event is originating from
+ * @mask: event mask describing this event
+ * @cookie: cookie for synchronization, or zero
+ * @name: filename, if any
+ */
+void inotify_inode_queue_event(struct inode *inode, u32 mask, u32 cookie,
+			       const char *name)
+{
+	struct inotify_watch *watch, *next;
+
+	if (!inotify_inode_watched(inode))
+		return;
+
+	down(&inode->inotify_sem);
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(watch, next, &inode->inotify_watches, i_list) {
+		u32 watch_mask = watch->mask;
+		if (watch_mask & mask) {
+			struct inotify_device *dev = watch->dev;
+			get_inotify_watch(watch);
+			down(&dev->sem);
+			inotify_dev_queue_event(dev, watch, mask, cookie, name);
+			if (watch_mask & IN_ONESHOT)
+				remove_watch_no_event(watch, dev);
+			up(&dev->sem);
+			put_inotify_watch(watch);
+		}
+	}
+	up(&inode->inotify_sem);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(inotify_inode_queue_event);
+
+/**
+ * inotify_dentry_parent_queue_event - queue an event to a dentry's parent
+ * @dentry: the dentry in question, we queue against this dentry's parent
+ * @mask: event mask describing this event
+ * @cookie: cookie for synchronization, or zero
+ * @name: filename, if any
+ */
+void inotify_dentry_parent_queue_event(struct dentry *dentry, u32 mask,
+				       u32 cookie, const char *name)
+{
+	struct dentry *parent;
+	struct inode *inode;
+
+	spin_lock(&dentry->d_lock);
+	parent = dentry->d_parent;
+	inode = parent->d_inode;
+
+	if (inotify_inode_watched(inode)) {
+		dget(parent);
+		spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
+		inotify_inode_queue_event(inode, mask, cookie, name);
+		dput(parent);
+	} else
+		spin_unlock(&dentry->d_lock);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(inotify_dentry_parent_queue_event);
+
+/**
+ * inotify_get_cookie - return a unique cookie for use in synchronizing events.
+ */
+u32 inotify_get_cookie(void)
+{
+	return atomic_inc_return(&inotify_cookie);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(inotify_get_cookie);
+
+/**
+ * inotify_unmount_inodes - an sb is unmounting.  handle any watched inodes.
+ * @list: list of inodes being unmounted (sb->s_inodes)
+ *
+ * Called with inode_lock held, protecting the unmounting super block's list
+ * of inodes, and with iprune_sem held, keeping shrink_icache_memory() at bay.
+ * We temporarily drop inode_lock, however, and CAN block.
+ */
+void inotify_unmount_inodes(struct list_head *list)
+{
+	struct inode *inode, *next_i, *need_iput = NULL;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(inode, next_i, list, i_sb_list) {
+		struct inotify_watch *watch, *next_w;
+		struct inode *need_iput_tmp;
+		struct list_head *watches;
+
+		/*
+		 * If i_count is zero, the inode cannot have any watches and
+		 * doing an __iget/iput with MS_ACTIVE clear would actually
+		 * evict all inodes with zero i_count from icache which is
+		 * unnecessarily violent and may in fact be illegal to do.
+		 */
+		if (!atomic_read(&inode->i_count))
+			continue;
+
+		/*
+		 * We cannot __iget() an inode in state I_CLEAR, I_FREEING, or
+		 * I_WILL_FREE which is fine because by that point the inode
+		 * cannot have any associated watches.
+		 */
+		if (inode->i_state & (I_CLEAR | I_FREEING | I_WILL_FREE))
+			continue;
+
+		need_iput_tmp = need_iput;
+		need_iput = NULL;
+		/* In case the remove_watch() drops a reference. */
+		if (inode != need_iput_tmp)
+			__iget(inode);
+		else
+			need_iput_tmp = NULL;
+		/* In case the dropping of a reference would nuke next_i. */
+		if ((&next_i->i_sb_list != list) &&
+				atomic_read(&next_i->i_count) &&
+				!(next_i->i_state & (I_CLEAR | I_FREEING |
+					I_WILL_FREE))) {
+			__iget(next_i);
+			need_iput = next_i;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * We can safely drop inode_lock here because we hold
+		 * references on both inode and next_i.  Also no new inodes
+		 * will be added since the umount has begun.  Finally,
+		 * iprune_sem keeps shrink_icache_memory() away.
+		 */
+		spin_unlock(&inode_lock);
+
+		if (need_iput_tmp)
+			iput(need_iput_tmp);
+
+		/* for each watch, send IN_UNMOUNT and then remove it */
+		down(&inode->inotify_sem);
+		watches = &inode->inotify_watches;
+		list_for_each_entry_safe(watch, next_w, watches, i_list) {
+			struct inotify_device *dev = watch->dev;
+			down(&dev->sem);
+			inotify_dev_queue_event(dev, watch, IN_UNMOUNT,0,NULL);
+			remove_watch(watch, dev);
+			up(&dev->sem);
+		}
+		up(&inode->inotify_sem);
+		iput(inode);		
+
+		spin_lock(&inode_lock);
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(inotify_unmount_inodes);
+
+/**
+ * inotify_inode_is_dead - an inode has been deleted, cleanup any watches
+ * @inode: inode that is about to be removed
+ */
+void inotify_inode_is_dead(struct inode *inode)
+{
+	struct inotify_watch *watch, *next;
+
+	down(&inode->inotify_sem);
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(watch, next, &inode->inotify_watches, i_list) {
+		struct inotify_device *dev = watch->dev;
+		down(&dev->sem);
+		remove_watch(watch, dev);
+		up(&dev->sem);
+	}
+	up(&inode->inotify_sem);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(inotify_inode_is_dead);
+
+/* Device Interface */
+
+static unsigned int inotify_poll(struct file *file, poll_table *wait)
+{
+	struct inotify_device *dev = file->private_data;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	poll_wait(file, &dev->wq, wait);
+	down(&dev->sem);
+	if (!list_empty(&dev->events))
+		ret = POLLIN | POLLRDNORM;
+	up(&dev->sem);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static ssize_t inotify_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf,
+			    size_t count, loff_t *pos)
+{
+	size_t event_size = sizeof (struct inotify_event);
+	struct inotify_device *dev;
+	char __user *start;
+	int ret;
+	DEFINE_WAIT(wait);
+
+	start = buf;
+	dev = file->private_data;
+
+	while (1) {
+		int events;
+
+		prepare_to_wait(&dev->wq, &wait, TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE);
+
+		down(&dev->sem);
+		events = !list_empty(&dev->events);
+		up(&dev->sem);
+		if (events) {
+			ret = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (file->f_flags & O_NONBLOCK) {
+			ret = -EAGAIN;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (signal_pending(current)) {
+			ret = -EINTR;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		schedule();
+	}
+
+	finish_wait(&dev->wq, &wait);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	down(&dev->sem);
+	while (1) {
+		struct inotify_kernel_event *kevent;
+
+		ret = buf - start;
+		if (list_empty(&dev->events))
+			break;
+
+		kevent = inotify_dev_get_event(dev);
+		if (event_size + kevent->event.len > count)
+			break;
+
+		if (copy_to_user(buf, &kevent->event, event_size)) {
+			ret = -EFAULT;
+			break;
+		}
+		buf += event_size;
+		count -= event_size;
+
+		if (kevent->name) {
+			if (copy_to_user(buf, kevent->name, kevent->event.len)){
+				ret = -EFAULT;
+				break;
+			}
+			buf += kevent->event.len;
+			count -= kevent->event.len;
+		}
+
+		remove_kevent(dev, kevent);
+	}
+	up(&dev->sem);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int inotify_release(struct inode *ignored, struct file *file)
+{
+	struct inotify_device *dev = file->private_data;
+
+	/*
+	 * Destroy all of the watches on this device.  Unfortunately, not very
+	 * pretty.  We cannot do a simple iteration over the list, because we
+	 * do not know the inode until we iterate to the watch.  But we need to
+	 * hold inode->inotify_sem before dev->sem.  The following works.
+	 */
+	while (1) {
+		struct inotify_watch *watch;
+		struct list_head *watches;
+		struct inode *inode;
+
+		down(&dev->sem);
+		watches = &dev->watches;
+		if (list_empty(watches)) {
+			up(&dev->sem);
+			break;
+		}
+		watch = list_entry(watches->next, struct inotify_watch, d_list);
+		get_inotify_watch(watch);
+		up(&dev->sem);
+
+		inode = watch->inode;
+		down(&inode->inotify_sem);
+		down(&dev->sem);
+		remove_watch_no_event(watch, dev);
+		up(&dev->sem);
+		up(&inode->inotify_sem);
+		put_inotify_watch(watch);
+	}
+
+	/* destroy all of the events on this device */
+	down(&dev->sem);
+	while (!list_empty(&dev->events))
+		inotify_dev_event_dequeue(dev);
+	up(&dev->sem);
+
+	/* free this device: the put matching the get in inotify_open() */
+	put_inotify_dev(dev);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * inotify_ignore - handle the INOTIFY_IGNORE ioctl, asking that a given wd be
+ * removed from the device.
+ *
+ * Can sleep.
+ */
+static int inotify_ignore(struct inotify_device *dev, s32 wd)
+{
+	struct inotify_watch *watch;
+	struct inode *inode;
+
+	down(&dev->sem);
+	watch = idr_find(&dev->idr, wd);
+	if (unlikely(!watch)) {
+		up(&dev->sem);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	get_inotify_watch(watch);
+	inode = watch->inode;
+	up(&dev->sem);
+
+	down(&inode->inotify_sem);
+	down(&dev->sem);
+
+	/* make sure that we did not race */
+	watch = idr_find(&dev->idr, wd);
+	if (likely(watch))
+		remove_watch(watch, dev);
+
+	up(&dev->sem);
+	up(&inode->inotify_sem);
+	put_inotify_watch(watch);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static long inotify_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd,
+			  unsigned long arg)
+{
+	struct inotify_device *dev;
+	void __user *p;
+	int ret = -ENOTTY;
+
+	dev = file->private_data;
+	p = (void __user *) arg;
+
+	switch (cmd) {
+	case FIONREAD:
+		ret = put_user(dev->queue_size, (int __user *) p);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static struct file_operations inotify_fops = {
+	.poll           = inotify_poll,
+	.read           = inotify_read,
+	.release        = inotify_release,
+	.unlocked_ioctl = inotify_ioctl,
+	.compat_ioctl	= inotify_ioctl,
+};
+
+asmlinkage long sys_inotify_init(void)
+{
+	struct inotify_device *dev;
+	struct user_struct *user;
+	int ret = -ENOTTY;
+	int fd;
+	struct file *filp;
+
+	fd = get_unused_fd();
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		ret = fd;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	filp = get_empty_filp();
+	if (!filp) {
+		put_unused_fd(fd);
+		ret = -ENFILE;
+		goto out;
+	}
+	filp->f_op = &inotify_fops;
+	filp->f_vfsmnt = mntget(inotify_mnt);
+	filp->f_dentry = dget(inotify_mnt->mnt_root);
+	filp->f_mapping = filp->f_dentry->d_inode->i_mapping;
+	filp->f_mode = FMODE_READ;
+	filp->f_flags = O_RDONLY;
+
+	user = get_uid(current->user);
+
+	if (unlikely(atomic_read(&user->inotify_devs) >= inotify_max_user_devices)) {
+		ret = -EMFILE;
+		goto out_err;
+	}
+
+	dev = kmalloc(sizeof(struct inotify_device), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (unlikely(!dev)) {
+		ret = -ENOMEM;
+		goto out_err;
+	}
+
+	idr_init(&dev->idr);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev->events);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&dev->watches);
+	init_waitqueue_head(&dev->wq);
+	sema_init(&dev->sem, 1);
+	dev->event_count = 0;
+	dev->queue_size = 0;
+	dev->max_events = inotify_max_queued_events;
+	dev->user = user;
+	atomic_set(&dev->count, 0);
+
+	get_inotify_dev(dev);
+	atomic_inc(&user->inotify_devs);
+
+	filp->private_data = dev;
+	fd_install (fd, filp);
+	return fd;
+out_err:
+	put_unused_fd (fd);
+	put_filp (filp);
+	free_uid(user);
+out:
+	return ret;
+}
+
+asmlinkage long sys_inotify_add_watch(int fd, const char *path, u32 mask)
+{
+	struct inotify_watch *watch, *old;
+	struct inode *inode;
+	struct inotify_device *dev;
+	struct nameidata nd;
+	struct file *filp;
+	int ret;
+
+	filp = fget(fd);
+	if (!filp)
+		return -EBADF;
+
+	dev = filp->private_data;
+
+	ret = find_inode ((const char __user*)path, &nd);
+	if (ret)
+		goto fput_and_out;
+
+	/* Held in place by reference in nd */
+	inode = nd.dentry->d_inode;
+
+	down(&inode->inotify_sem);
+	down(&dev->sem);
+
+	/* don't let user-space set invalid bits: we don't want flags set */
+	mask &= IN_ALL_EVENTS;
+	if (!mask) {
+		ret = -EINVAL;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Handle the case of re-adding a watch on an (inode,dev) pair that we
+	 * are already watching.  We just update the mask and return its wd.
+	 */
+	old = inode_find_dev(inode, dev);
+	if (unlikely(old)) {
+		old->mask = mask;
+		ret = old->wd;
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	watch = create_watch(dev, mask, inode);
+	if (unlikely(IS_ERR(watch))) {
+		ret = PTR_ERR(watch);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* Add the watch to the device's and the inode's list */
+	list_add(&watch->d_list, &dev->watches);
+	list_add(&watch->i_list, &inode->inotify_watches);
+	ret = watch->wd;
+out:
+	path_release (&nd);
+	up(&dev->sem);
+	up(&inode->inotify_sem);
+fput_and_out:
+	fput(filp);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+asmlinkage long sys_inotify_rm_watch(int fd, u32 wd)
+{
+	struct file *filp;
+	struct inotify_device *dev;
+	int ret;
+
+	filp = fget(fd);
+	if (!filp)
+		return -EBADF;
+	dev = filp->private_data;
+	ret = inotify_ignore (dev, wd);
+	fput(filp);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static struct super_block *
+inotify_get_sb(struct file_system_type *fs_type, int flags,
+	       const char *dev_name, void *data)
+{
+    return get_sb_pseudo(fs_type, "inotify", NULL, 0xBAD1DEA);
+}
+
+static struct file_system_type inotify_fs_type = {
+    .name           = "inotifyfs",
+    .get_sb         = inotify_get_sb,
+    .kill_sb        = kill_anon_super,
+};
+
+/*
+ * inotify_init - Our initialization function.  Note that we cannnot return
+ * error because we have compiled-in VFS hooks.  So an (unlikely) failure here
+ * must result in panic().
+ */
+static int __init inotify_init(void)
+{
+	register_filesystem(&inotify_fs_type);
+	inotify_mnt = kern_mount(&inotify_fs_type);
+
+	inotify_max_queued_events = 8192;
+	inotify_max_user_devices = 128;
+	inotify_max_user_watches = 8192;
+
+	atomic_set(&inotify_cookie, 0);
+
+	watch_cachep = kmem_cache_create("inotify_watch_cache",
+					 sizeof(struct inotify_watch),
+					 0, SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
+	event_cachep = kmem_cache_create("inotify_event_cache",
+					 sizeof(struct inotify_kernel_event),
+					 0, SLAB_PANIC, NULL, NULL);
+
+	printk(KERN_INFO "inotify syscall\n");
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+module_init(inotify_init);