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diff --git a/test/xcb-stress-cache.c b/test/xcb-stress-cache.c
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+/*
+ * Copyright © 2011 Uli Schlachter
+ *
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+ * obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+ * files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+ * restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy,
+ * modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+ * of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+ * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+ *
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+ * included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+ *
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+ * EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+ * MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+ * NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS
+ * BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN
+ * ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+ * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+ * SOFTWARE.
+ *
+ * Author: Uli Schlachter <psychon@znc.in>
+ */
+
+#include "cairo-test.h"
+
+#define WIDTH 512
+#define HEIGHT 512
+
+/* This is a random pick. This results in 512 (width) * 512 (height) *
+ * 2 (surfaces per run) * 4 (ARGB32) * ITERATIONS = 200 MiB of image data. */
+#define ITERATIONS 100
+
+/* This tries to trigger a bug in the xcb backend where a Picture is freed to
+ * early. It goes something like this:
+ *
+ * - _composite_mask calls _cairo_xcb_picture_for_pattern to get a xcb_picture_t
+ * for the source.
+ * - _cairo_xcb_picture_for_pattern calls _cairo_xcb_surface_picture which calls
+ * _cairo_xcb_screen_store_surface_picture which adds the picture to a cache.
+ * - _cairo_xcb_surface_picture also attached the picture as a snapshot to
+ * the source surface using cairo_surface_finish as detach_func.
+ * - _composite_mask calls _cairo_xcb_picture_for_pattern to get a xcb_picture_t
+ * for the mask.
+ * - The resulting picture surface is added to the cache again, but the cache is
+ * already full, so a random cache entry is picked and removed.
+ * - The surface that was added before is picked and gets fed to
+ * _surface_cache_entry_destroy.
+ * - This calls _cairo_surface_detach_snapshot which causes the
+ * detach_func from above to be called, so the surface is finished and the
+ * associated picture is FreePicture'd.
+ * - _composite_mask now uses a Picture that was already freed.
+ *
+ * So this depends on the screen's surface cache to be full which is why we do
+ * all this looping.
+ */
+
+static cairo_surface_t *
+create_image (void)
+{
+ cairo_surface_t *surface;
+ cairo_t *cr;
+
+ surface = cairo_image_surface_create (CAIRO_FORMAT_ARGB32, WIDTH, HEIGHT);
+ /* Paint something random to the image */
+ cr = cairo_create (surface);
+ cairo_paint (cr);
+ cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 0, 1, 1);
+ cairo_rectangle (cr, 0, 0, WIDTH/2.0, HEIGHT/2.0);
+ cairo_fill (cr);
+ cairo_set_source_rgb (cr, 1, 0, 1);
+ cairo_rectangle (cr, WIDTH/2.0, HEIGHT/2.0, WIDTH/2.0, HEIGHT/2.0);
+ cairo_fill (cr);
+ cairo_destroy (cr);
+
+ return surface;
+}
+
+static cairo_surface_t *
+dirty_cache (cairo_t *cr)
+{
+ cairo_surface_t *surface;
+
+ /* Set a source surface... */
+ surface = create_image ();
+ cairo_set_source_surface (cr, surface, 0, 0);
+ cairo_surface_destroy (surface);
+ /* ...and create a mask surface, so that we can hit the early FreePicture */
+ surface = create_image ();
+ cairo_mask_surface (cr, surface, 0, 0);
+
+ return surface;
+}
+
+static cairo_test_status_t
+draw (cairo_t *cr, int width, int height)
+{
+ int i;
+ cairo_surface_t *array[ITERATIONS];
+
+ /* We have to keep the associated cairo_surface_t alive so that they aren't
+ * removed from the cache */
+ for (i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++)
+ array[i] = dirty_cache (cr);
+ for (i = 0; i < ITERATIONS; i++)
+ cairo_surface_destroy (array[i]);
+
+ return CAIRO_TEST_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+CAIRO_TEST (xcb_stress_cache,
+ "Stress test for a image surface cache in cairo-xcb",
+ "xcb, stress", /* keywords */
+ NULL, /* requirements */
+ 2, 2,
+ NULL, draw)